A smart construction site safety monitoring management system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a smart construction site safety monitoring management system and method, which relates to the field of safety monitoring technology, and is used to solve the problem that the existing construction site environment is relatively complex and changeable, and the working conditions and hidden safety hazards are insufficiently responded to, resulting in limited prediction and identification capabilities, and lagging information transmission and resource allocation, resulting in a lack of flexibility in emergency plans, and the inability to quickly adapt to different emergency situations; by using TOPSIS to comprehensively analyze the characteristic variables used to predict the probability of accident hazards, the probability of accident hazards in each area is calculated; by deploying GPS or RFID systems, the position and density changes of personnel are tracked in real time. Infrared sensors, cameras and other technologies are used to monitor the number and position changes of personnel in real time to improve the accuracy of monitoring, and the position coordinates of personnel and the number of personnel in the area are recorded every unit time, and the position change rate and density change rate are calculated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of safety monitoring technology, and more specifically, to a smart construction site safety monitoring management system and method. Background Art

[0002] Smart Construction Site is a concept that uses advanced information technology and Internet of Things technology to improve the efficiency, safety and sustainability of construction site management. The safety monitoring and management system is a comprehensive solution designed to improve the efficiency of construction site safety management and ensure the safety of personnel, including real-time monitoring and early warning, location tracking and management, emergency response and danger early warning, etc.

[0003] In terms of construction site safety management, the existing construction site environment is relatively complex and the changing working conditions and hidden safety hazards are not adequately responded to, resulting in limited prediction and identification capabilities. At the same time, information transmission and resource allocation are lagging, resulting in a lack of flexibility in emergency plans and the inability to quickly adapt to different emergency situations. Therefore, this application proposes a smart construction site safety monitoring and management system that aims to predict accident hazards in the construction site area, as well as intelligently allocate and efficiently utilize resources to ensure the best emergency response effect, thereby improving the efficiency of construction site safety management.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a smart construction site safety monitoring management system and method to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A smart construction site safety monitoring and management method comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Collect the environmental characteristics and equipment abnormality ratios required for analyzing and predicting the relative probability of potential accidents;

[0009] Step 2: Divide the construction site into areas according to its function and environment;

[0010] Step 3: Set multiple environmental feature thresholds accordingly, compare multiple environmental features of each area with the environmental feature thresholds, determine the abnormal environmental features of each area, and count the number of abnormalities of each environmental feature in all areas, and use the number of abnormalities of each environmental feature as the number of environmental feature abnormalities, and mark the environmental feature with the largest number of environmental feature abnormalities as the selected environmental feature;

[0011] Step 4: Based on the selected environmental characteristics and equipment abnormality ratio, the TOPSIS algorithm is used to obtain the relative accident hazard probability of each area;

[0012] Step 5: Sort the areas from large to small according to the relative probability of potential accident hazards, and determine the areas with potential accident hazards based on the sorting.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, it also includes:

[0014] Step 6: Calculate the personnel position change rate and personnel density change rate of the area with accident potential on the construction site, and use weighted summation of the personnel position change rate and the personnel density change rate to evaluate the personnel dynamic characteristics;

[0015] Step 7: Use fuzzy logic control algorithm to comprehensively analyze the dynamic characteristics of personnel and the abnormal proportion of equipment to determine the personnel deployment plan.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, in step 2, the construction site is divided into regions according to the function and environment of the construction site. The specific process is as follows:

[0017] Step g1: Determine the areas of the construction site, namely the basic construction area, building construction area, material storage area, equipment installation area and handling area;

[0018] Step g2: Divide each area into functional and environmental areas, and monitor the environmental characteristics of each area separately.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, in step 4, TOPSIS is used to perform a comprehensive analysis on the selected environmental characteristics and equipment abnormality ratios, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0020] G1: Determine the decision criteria for predicting the relative probability of accident hazards in each area, including the selected environmental characteristics of the area and the proportion of equipment abnormalities;

[0021] G2: Determine the ideal solution and negative ideal solution;

[0022] G3: Calculate the distance between each region and the ideal solution and the negative ideal solution. Use the Euclidean distance formula to calculate the distance between each region and the ideal solution. ; In the formula is the distance between the ith region and the ideal solution, is the actual value of the i-th region on the j-th decision criterion, The ideal solution is , A is the selected environmental feature, B is the equipment abnormality ratio, and the ideal solution represents the maximum value of the selected environmental feature and the maximum value of the equipment abnormality ratio. γ is the number of decision criteria, which is 2, namely the selected environmental feature and equipment abnormality ratio of the region, and the distance between each region and the negative ideal solution is calculated to obtain ;

[0023] G4: Calculate the comprehensive score of each area; use the comprehensive score formula to calculate the comprehensive score of each area, specifically: ; In the formula and are the distances between the ith region and the ideal solution and the negative ideal solution, respectively. is the comprehensive score of the ith region;

[0024] G5: The comprehensive score of each area is used as the relative accident hazard probability.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, in step 6, the dynamic characteristics of personnel are evaluated by the change rate of personnel positions and the change rate of personnel density in the area. The specific calculation is as follows:

[0026] Calculate the rate of change of personnel positions ; where Δd is the rate of change of personnel position, Δx is the distance moved in the time interval, and Δt is the time interval; calculate the personnel density in each area ; Where N is the number of people in the area, ΔD is the density of people, and O is the area of ​​the area;

[0027] Calculate the average personnel position change rate ; Where N is the number of people in the area, PI is the average rate of change of personnel positions; Calculate the rate of change of personnel density ; In the formula is the population density of the region at time point a, is the population density of the region at time point a-Δt, and DI is the rate of change of population density;

[0028] The weighted summation of the average personnel position change rate and personnel density change rate in each area is used to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of personnel. The calculation expression is: ; Where U is the comprehensive evaluation index, and It is the weight of the average personnel position change rate and personnel density change rate.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, in step 7, the equipment abnormality ratio and personnel dynamic characteristics of the region are defined as input variables, which are divided into different fuzzy sets;

[0030] Personnel deployment is defined as the output variable and divided into different fuzzy sets;

[0031] Formulate fuzzy rules to describe the impact of abnormal equipment ratio and personnel dynamic characteristics in the region on personnel deployment;

[0032] Perform fuzzy reasoning based on fuzzy rules and output personnel deployment plans.

[0033] A smart construction site safety monitoring and management system, comprising a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a data storage module;

[0034] The data acquisition module is used to obtain the environmental characteristics and equipment abnormality ratio required for analyzing and predicting the probability of accident hazards, and send them to the data processing module to ensure the operation of the subsequent data processing module;

[0035] The data processing module is used to determine whether to allocate resources based on the data collected by the data collection module;

[0036] The data storage module is used to store all data generated during the processing of the smart construction site safety monitoring and management system.

[0037] Technical effects and advantages of a smart construction site safety monitoring management system and method of the present invention:

[0038] The present invention tracks the position and density changes of personnel in real time by deploying GPS or RFID systems. Infrared sensors, cameras and other technologies are used to monitor the number and position changes of personnel in real time to improve the accuracy of monitoring, and the position coordinates of personnel and the number of personnel in the area are recorded every unit time, and the position change rate and density change rate are calculated; these data are used to optimize the allocation and scheduling of human resources, and fuzzy rules and TOPSIS methods are used to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the data, evaluate the dynamic characteristics of personnel and the abnormal proportion of equipment, dynamically allocate resources, improve resource utilization efficiency and emergency response capabilities, and finally use the regional comprehensive score calculated by TOPSIS as the probability of accident hazards in the area on the construction site. The regional comprehensive score is , intelligently allocate resources to ensure the best emergency response effect, thereby improving the efficiency of construction site safety management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a logical schematic diagram of a smart construction site safety monitoring and management system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a smart construction site safety monitoring and management method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment 1, Figure 1A logical diagram of a smart construction site safety monitoring and management system is given. Figure 2 A flow chart of a smart construction site safety monitoring and management method is provided. The present invention provides a smart construction site safety monitoring and management method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Collect the environmental characteristics and equipment abnormality ratios required for analyzing and predicting the relative probability of accident hazards.

[0044] Step 2: Divide the construction site into areas according to its function and environment.

[0045] Step 3: Set multiple environmental feature thresholds accordingly, compare multiple environmental features of each area with the environmental feature thresholds, determine the abnormal environmental features of each area and count the number of abnormalities of each environmental feature in all areas, and use the number of abnormalities of each environmental feature as the number of environmental feature abnormalities, and mark the environmental feature with the largest number of environmental feature abnormalities as the selected environmental feature.

[0046] Step 4: Based on the selected environmental characteristics and equipment abnormality ratio, use the TOPSIS algorithm to obtain the relative accident hazard probability of each area.

[0047] Step 5: Sort the areas from large to small according to the relative probability of potential accident hazards and determine the areas with potential accident hazards.

[0048] Step 6: Calculate the personnel position change rate and personnel density change rate in the area with accident hazards on the construction site, and use weighted summation of the personnel position change rate and personnel density change rate to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of the personnel.

[0049] Step 7: Use fuzzy logic control algorithm to comprehensively analyze the dynamic characteristics of personnel and the abnormal proportion of equipment to obtain a personnel deployment plan.

[0050] Specifically, in step 1, various sensors and data acquisition devices are usually used to collect multiple environmental characteristics, including the temperature change rate, humidity change rate, and smoke concentration change rate. Common temperature sensors include thermocouples, thermistors, infrared sensors, etc.; humidity sensors include capacitive humidity sensors, resistive humidity sensors, etc., which are used to measure the humidity in the air; common gas sensors include carbon dioxide sensors, etc., which are used to measure the concentration of specific gases in the air; equipment status monitoring equipment can be sensors, switches, counters and other equipment, which are used to detect the switch status, running time and other information of the equipment.

[0051] The equipment abnormality ratio refers to the frequency of abnormalities in the equipment on the construction site within a specific time period. Select a time period, count the number of equipment that have abnormalities in the time period, and divide the number of equipment that have abnormalities by the total number of equipment to get the equipment abnormality ratio. No specific explanation is given for this.

[0052] The rate of change is a concept that describes the speed or magnitude of a change in a certain quantity per unit time or per unit change. It is usually used to measure the degree of change of a certain variable over time, space or other independent variables. For example, the temperature change rate is a physical quantity that describes the speed at which temperature changes over time. It is usually used to express the change in temperature per unit time, which can be the rate at which the temperature rises or falls.

[0053] For the temperature change rate ;in represents the temperature value at time t, represents the temperature value at time t-1, and Δt represents the unit time of the interval. The humidity change rate and smoke concentration change rate can be calculated using the same method, that is, ; ;in as well as They represent the humidity value and smoke concentration value at time t and time t-1 respectively, and η represents the efficiency.

[0054] Specifically in step 2, due to the different construction activities and environmental conditions in different areas of the construction site, different impacts will be produced on the construction, material storage, equipment operation, etc. of the construction site. In order to ensure the safety and quality of the construction site, the construction site needs to be zoned.

[0055] This embodiment divides the construction site into regions according to the function and environment of the construction site. The specific process is as follows:

[0056] Step g1: Determine the areas of the construction site, namely the basic construction area, building construction area, material storage area, equipment installation area and handling area.

[0057] Step g2: Divide each area into functional and environmental areas, and monitor the environmental characteristics of each area separately.

[0058] For basic construction areas, extreme weather conditions may affect the performance of construction materials and construction quality. Detecting the gas concentration generated during the construction process can ensure the breathing safety of construction workers, ensure the normal operation of construction equipment, and promptly detect and handle equipment failures. For building construction areas, temperature changes will directly affect the work efficiency and safety of construction materials and personnel. For material storage areas, materials may deteriorate or be damaged due to environmental changes. For equipment installation areas, ensure the normal operation and safe operation of equipment during installation to prevent accidents. For handling areas, excessive humidity may cause slip accidents and equipment short circuits. Therefore, by monitoring the environmental characteristics of different areas, abnormal conditions can be detected in a timely manner to prevent potential safety hazards.

[0059] Specifically, in step 3, the average value of the environmental characteristics includes the average temperature change rate, the average humidity change rate and the average smoke concentration change rate. The environmental characteristic threshold is the temperature change rate threshold, the humidity change rate threshold and the smoke concentration change rate threshold. For each area, the temperature values, humidity values ​​and smoke concentration values ​​at multiple times are collected, and the average temperature change rate, the average humidity change rate and the average smoke concentration change rate of each area are calculated. Then, the average temperature change rate, the average humidity change rate and the average smoke concentration change rate of each area are summed and averaged to obtain the average temperature change rate, humidity change rate and smoke concentration change rate of the entire area. At the same time, the standard deviation of the average temperature change rate, the average humidity change rate and the average smoke concentration change rate is calculated; finally, the environmental characteristic threshold of each environmental characteristic is calculated respectively, specifically, the overall average environmental characteristic minus k times the standard deviation is the environmental characteristic threshold. When the environmental characteristic value of each area is higher than the environmental characteristic threshold, it is considered that the environmental characteristic of the area is abnormal. For example, if the average temperature change rate of the basic construction area is higher than the temperature change rate threshold, it is considered that the area is abnormal in the environmental characteristic of the temperature change rate. The number of areas with abnormal temperature change rate, humidity change rate and smoke concentration change rate is counted respectively, and it is used as the abnormal temperature change rate ratio, abnormal humidity change rate ratio and abnormal smoke concentration change rate ratio (the number of abnormal environmental features includes the abnormal temperature change rate ratio, the abnormal humidity change rate ratio and the abnormal smoke concentration change rate ratio). Compare the sizes of the abnormal temperature change rate ratio, the abnormal humidity change rate ratio and the abnormal smoke concentration change rate ratio, and the environmental feature corresponding to the maximum value is the most important environmental feature. For example, if the abnormal temperature change rate ratio is the largest, it means that the number of areas showing abnormal temperature change rate is the largest, and the temperature change rate is the most important, which is used as the selected environmental feature. The temperature change rate calculated in this way is more representative of the environmental features.

[0060] It should be noted that the calculation formulas involved in this process are consistent with the existing ones and are not listed here one by one.

[0061] Specifically, in step 4, TOPSIS is used to conduct a comprehensive analysis of environmental characteristics and equipment abnormality ratios (this application takes the temperature change rate as an example) to predict the relative probability of potential accidents in each area on the construction site. TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is a multi-criteria decision analysis method used to evaluate the pros and cons of candidate solutions relative to a set of specific attributes.

[0062] The specific steps include:

[0063] G1: Determine the decision criteria. Determine the decision criteria for predicting the relative probability of accident hazards in each area, including the selected environmental characteristics of the area and the proportion of equipment abnormalities. The sample data is , where A is the selected environmental feature, B is the equipment abnormality ratio; the number of samples is the number of regions. The normalized selected environmental features and equipment abnormality ratios of each region are used as sample data.

[0064] G2: Determine the ideal solution and the negative ideal solution. The ideal solution is the solution that achieves the best value on each decision criterion, and the negative ideal solution is the solution that achieves the worst value on each decision criterion. Generally speaking, the greater the temperature change rate, the more drastic the environmental change, and the greater the relative probability of potential accidents in the area; the greater the proportion of equipment abnormalities, the greater the possibility of equipment accidents in the area, and the greater the relative probability of potential accidents in the area. Therefore, the ideal solution can be determined as the maximum value of the temperature change rate and the equipment abnormality ratio, that is, ; In the formula Indicates the maximum value of the selected environmental characteristic (temperature change rate), Indicates the maximum value of the equipment abnormality ratio. Similarly, the negative ideal solution can be determined as the minimum value of the temperature change rate and the equipment abnormality ratio, that is, ; In the formula Shows the minimum value of the selected environmental characteristic (temperature change rate), Indicates the minimum value of the device abnormality ratio.

[0065] G3: Calculate the distance between each region and the ideal solution and the negative ideal solution. Use the Euclidean distance formula to calculate the distance between each region and the ideal solution. ; In the formula is the distance between the ith region and the ideal solution, is the actual value of the i-th region on the j-th decision criterion, The ideal solution is , A is the selected environmental feature, B is the equipment abnormality ratio, and the ideal solution represents the maximum value of the selected environmental feature and the maximum value of the equipment abnormality ratio. γ is the number of decision criteria, which is 2, that is, the selected environmental feature and equipment abnormality ratio of the region. Similarly, by calculating the distance between each region and the negative ideal solution, we get .

[0066] G4: Calculate the comprehensive score of each area. Use the comprehensive score formula to calculate the comprehensive score of each area, specifically: ; In the formula and are the distances between the ith region and the ideal solution and the negative ideal solution, respectively. is the comprehensive score of the ith region.

[0067] G5: Result interpretation. Since the specific value of the regional comprehensive score is between 0 and 1, the regional comprehensive score can be used as the relative accident hazard probability (relative to the area of ​​the construction site) in these 5 areas. For example, in the area of ​​a construction site, the maximum regional comprehensive score is 0.8, then it can be considered that in this construction site, the maximum value of the accident hazard probability is 80% of the area, and the probability of an accident in this area relative to other areas of the construction site is 80%.

[0068] The selected environmental characteristics may be the temperature change rate, humidity change rate, and smoke concentration change rate, which are set according to actual conditions.

[0069] In order to improve the overall safety of the construction site, prevent accidents, and ensure the safety of personnel and property, it is necessary to carry out appropriate personnel deployment and other measures in high-risk areas, intervene and control potential risks in advance, thereby reducing the probability of accidents and ensuring the overall safety of the construction site.

[0070] The specific step 5 is to sort the comprehensive scores of each area by size and select several areas (such as the top 60% of the comprehensive scores) that are considered to have potential accident hazards and require early personnel deployment to prevent accidents.

[0071] Specifically, in step 6, the personnel position change rate is used to measure the position change of an individual in a unit time. The personnel density change rate is used to measure the change in the number of personnel in a certain area in a unit time. The dynamic characteristics of personnel are evaluated by the personnel position change rate and personnel density change rate in the area. The specific calculation is as follows:

[0072] Deploy GPS or RFID systems on the construction site and install them on the tools, helmets or work clothes of personnel to track the location of personnel in real time. Record the movement distance of personnel at each unit time interval; deploy counting systems or mobile sensors in the construction site area to monitor and record the number of personnel in real time. Infrared sensors, cameras or other technologies can be used to estimate the number of personnel by detecting the movement of personnel or the signal strength of the area, and record the number of personnel in the area at each unit time interval.

[0073] For each person, calculate the personnel position change rate, specifically: ; where Δd is the rate of change of personnel position, Δx is the distance moved in the time interval, and Δt is the time interval. Calculate the personnel density in each area, specifically ; Where N is the number of people in the area, ΔD is the density of people, and O is the area of ​​the area. The area of ​​the area can be obtained through construction site drawings or GIS and other measurement tools or technologies, and is not limited here.

[0074] For each area, the average personnel location change rate is calculated to reflect the overall location dynamics trend of the area, specifically: ; where N is the number of people in the area, and PI is the average rate of change of people's positions. To calculate the rate of change of people density, the formula is: ; In the formula is the population density of the region at time point a, is the population density of the region at time point a-Δt, and DI is the rate of change of population density.

[0075] It should be noted that the unit time involved in this application depends on the actual situation and is not limited here.

[0076] Generally, a larger rate of change in personnel position corresponds to a larger dynamic characteristic of personnel, where personnel move frequently, adapt to diverse tasks and environmental changes, and can respond quickly to emergencies.

[0077] For a few cases, a larger rate of personnel position change corresponds to smaller personnel dynamics, with less personnel movement, more concentrated tasks, and adaptation to a fixed environment.

[0078] Regarding construction site safety management and monitoring, this application considers that, taking the general situation as an example, the personnel position change rate is positively correlated with the personnel dynamic characteristics.

[0079] The weighted summation of the average personnel position change rate and personnel density change rate in each area is used to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of personnel. ; In the formula, U is a comprehensive evaluation index, and It is the weight of the average personnel position change rate and the personnel density change rate, which is used to adjust the relative importance of these two factors in evaluating the dynamic characteristics of personnel, so the sum of the weights is 1. The setting of the weight can be determined according to specific needs and actual conditions, and will not be elaborated here.

[0080] The larger the comprehensive evaluation index is, the greater the dynamic characteristics of the personnel in the area are. Conversely, the smaller the dynamic characteristics of the personnel in the area are.

[0081] If the dynamic characteristics of personnel are large, it means that the position movement of personnel in the area changes greatly, which may cause personnel fatigue and distraction, increase safety risks, and may require more monitoring or personnel dispatch; on the contrary, it means that the dynamic characteristics of personnel are small, the ability to deal with emergencies is insufficient, and excessive monitoring or personnel dispatch may be required. Therefore, if the personnel position change rate is too large or too small, there will be certain safety risks, and additional personnel dispatch is required.

[0082] Specifically, in step 7, the abnormal equipment ratio and personnel dynamic characteristics of the area are comprehensively analyzed to dynamically deploy personnel. The specific process is as follows:

[0083] The equipment abnormality ratio and personnel dynamic characteristics of the region are defined as input variables and divided into different fuzzy sets, such as "Low", "Medium", "High" for equipment abnormality ratio and "Small", "Medium", "Big" for personnel dynamic characteristics.

[0084] Define staff deployment as an output variable and divide it into different fuzzy sets, such as "Decrease", "Unchanged", and "Increase" for deploying resources. "Decrease" means reducing staff deployment, "Unchanged" means keeping staff deployment unchanged, and "Increase" means increasing staff deployment.

[0085] Formulate fuzzy rules to describe the impact of the abnormal equipment ratio and personnel dynamic characteristics of the region on personnel deployment. The definition of rules can be based on the professional knowledge of the industry or obtained through data analysis and experiments. For example, the abnormal equipment ratio is marked as B, the personnel dynamic characteristics are marked as PDI, and the personnel deployment is represented by Z. Then it can be defined as:

[0086] Rule 1: IF (B is Low) AND (PDI is Medium) THEN (Z is Decrease)

[0087] Rule 2: IF (B is High) AND (PDI is Big) THEN (Z is Increase)

[0088] Rule 3: IF (B is High) AND (PDI is Small) THEN (Z is Increase) ......

[0089] Perform fuzzy reasoning based on fuzzy rules and output personnel deployment plans.

[0090] It should be noted that the division of fuzzy sets can be adjusted according to actual conditions. For example, this embodiment takes three fuzzy sets as an example. In fact, the equipment abnormality ratio, personnel dynamic characteristics and personnel deployment can be divided into more than three sets, so as to deploy personnel more conveniently and accurately.

[0091] Furthermore, for the judgment of low, medium and high equipment abnormality ratios and small, medium and large personnel dynamic characteristics, the equipment abnormality ratios and comprehensive evaluation indicators of all areas can be divided into three groups in order of size, that is, the quantiles of the equipment abnormality ratios and comprehensive evaluation indicators are calculated, and the areas with equipment abnormality ratios and comprehensive evaluation indicators higher than the 66% quantile are marked as "High" and "Big", etc., respectively. No further elaboration will be given here.

[0092] Embodiment 2, a smart construction site safety monitoring and management system, including a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a data storage module;

[0093] The data acquisition module is used to obtain the environmental characteristics and equipment abnormality ratio required for analyzing and predicting the probability of accident hazards, and send them to the data processing module to ensure the operation of the subsequent data processing module;

[0094] The data processing module is used to determine whether to allocate resources based on the data collected by the data collection module;

[0095] The data storage module is used to store all data generated during the processing of the smart construction site safety monitoring and management system.

[0096] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0097] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

[0098] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these are executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application of the technical solution and the invention constraints. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement what is described for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0099] In addition, each module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0100] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0101] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart construction site safety monitoring and management method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Collect the real-time data of the construction site required for analyzing and predicting the relative probability of accident hazards, including environmental characteristics and equipment abnormality ratio; Step 2: Divide the construction site into areas according to its function and environment; Step 3: Set multiple environmental feature thresholds accordingly, compare multiple environmental features of each area with the environmental feature thresholds, determine the abnormal environmental features of each area, and count the number of abnormalities of each environmental feature in all areas, and use the number of abnormalities of each environmental feature as the number of environmental feature abnormalities, and mark the environmental feature with the largest number of environmental feature abnormalities as the selected environmental feature; Step 4: Based on the selected environmental characteristics and equipment abnormality ratio, the TOPSIS algorithm is used to obtain the relative accident hazard probability of each area; Step 5: Sort the areas from large to small according to the relative probability of potential accident hazards, and determine the areas with potential accident hazards based on the sorting; Step 6: Calculate the personnel position change rate and personnel density change rate of the area with accident potential on the construction site, and use weighted summation of the personnel position change rate and the personnel density change rate to evaluate the personnel dynamic characteristics; In step 2, the construction site is divided into areas according to its function and environment. The specific process is as follows: Step g1: Determine the areas of the construction site, namely the basic construction area, building construction area, material storage area, equipment installation area and handling area; Step g2: partition the construction site real-time data into different areas, and monitor the construction site real-time data separately; In step 4, TOPSIS is used to conduct a comprehensive analysis of environmental characteristics and equipment abnormality ratios, which specifically includes the following steps: G1: Determine the decision criteria for predicting the relative probability of accident hazards in each area, including the various environmental characteristics of the area and the proportion of equipment abnormalities; G2: Determine the ideal solution and negative ideal solution; G3: Calculate the distance between each region and the ideal solution and the negative ideal solution. Use the Euclidean distance formula to calculate the distance between each region and the ideal solution. ; In the formula It is The distance between a region and the ideal solution, It is The area in The actual value of the decision criterion, The ideal solution is , is the selected environmental feature, is the equipment abnormality ratio, the ideal solution Indicates the maximum value of the selected environmental characteristics and the maximum value of the equipment abnormality ratio; The number of decision criteria is 2, namely the selected environmental characteristics of the region and the proportion of equipment abnormalities, and the distance between each region and the negative ideal solution is calculated to obtain , indicating the The distance between a region and the negative ideal solution; G4: Calculate the comprehensive score of each area; use the comprehensive score formula to calculate the comprehensive score of each area, specifically: ; In the formula and Respectively The distance between each region and the ideal solution and the negative ideal solution; G5: The comprehensive score of each area is used as the relative accident hazard probability; In step 6, the dynamic characteristics of personnel are evaluated by the change rate of personnel positions and the change rate of personnel density in the area. The specific calculation is as follows: Calculate the rate of change of personnel positions ;in is the personnel position change rate, is the distance traveled in the time interval, is the time interval; calculate the population density in each area ;in is the number of people in the region, is the population density, is the area of ​​the region; Calculate the average personnel position change rate ; In the formula is the number of people in the region, is the average rate of change of personnel positions; calculate the rate of change of personnel density ; In the formula is the region at a point in time The population density, is the region at a point in time The population density, is the rate of change of population density; The weighted summation of the average personnel position change rate and personnel density change rate in each area is used to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of personnel. The calculation expression is: ; In the formula and It is the weight of the average personnel position change rate and personnel density change rate.

2. A smart construction site safety monitoring and management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Step 7: Use fuzzy logic control algorithm to comprehensively analyze the dynamic characteristics of personnel and the abnormal proportion of equipment to determine the personnel deployment plan.

3. A smart construction site safety monitoring and management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 7, the equipment abnormality ratio and personnel dynamic characteristics of the region are defined as input variables and divided into different fuzzy sets; Personnel deployment is defined as the output variable and divided into different fuzzy sets; Formulate fuzzy rules to describe the impact of abnormal equipment ratio and personnel dynamic characteristics in the region on personnel deployment; Perform fuzzy reasoning based on fuzzy rules and output personnel deployment plans.

4. A smart construction site safety monitoring and management system, used to implement a smart construction site safety monitoring and management method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It includes data acquisition module, data processing module and data storage module; The data acquisition module is used to obtain the real-time data of the construction site required for analyzing and predicting the probability of potential accidents, and send it to the data processing module to ensure the operation of the subsequent data processing module; The data processing module is used to determine whether to allocate resources based on the data collected by the data collection module; The data storage module is used to store all data generated during the processing of the smart construction site safety monitoring and management system.

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