A locomotive sand spreading device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to a locomotive sand spreading device and method, the device comprising a box, a dragon conveying mechanism, a double thread straight-through, a sand spreading component, a collection component and a control component; the method comprises calculating the slip rate according to the sliding speed of the wheel to preliminarily determine the amount of sand material put in based on the slip rate; obtaining the area ratio of the gray value greater than the preset gray value in the track image, and correcting the amount of sand material put in based on the area ratio; determining to start the heating component and determine the heating power based on the ambient temperature, determining whether the heating power meets the standard based on the ambient humidity, and correcting the heating power that does not meet the standard. The present invention improves the efficiency of sand spreading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of rail transportation technology, and in particular to a locomotive sand spreading device and method. Background Art

[0002] In severe weather conditions such as rain and snow, the adhesion between the train's wheels and rails will be significantly reduced, causing the wheels to slip or spin. This not only increases the braking distance of the train, but may also cause unnecessary wear on the wheelsets and rails, affecting the smooth operation of the train and the comfort of passengers. To solve this problem, researchers have developed a locomotive sand-spreading device and method. By spreading an appropriate amount of anti-slip materials such as dry quartz sand on the contact surface between the wheels and rails, the adhesion between the wheels and rails is effectively increased, thereby shortening the braking distance, improving the anti-slip performance of the train, and ensuring that the train can run safely and smoothly even in severe weather. The application of this sand-spreading device and method is of great significance to improving the overall safety and operational efficiency of railway transportation.

[0003] At present, most sand spreading devices on trains adopt gravity and differential pressure types, which have the defects of unstable sand output and high requirements on the use environment. In order to overcome this defect, the present invention provides a sand spreading device and method that can accurately and constantly transport sand and gravel and is not dependent on the use environment.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN108001470B discloses a sand-spreading control method and device. This method includes: obtaining the train's operating speed; obtaining the current pressure of the sand-spreading control system; the current pressure being the pressure at the end of the sand-spreading control system; controlling the speed of a power supply fan based on the train's operating speed and the current pressure of the sand-spreading control system; and controlling the sand-spreading rate of the sand-spreading device based on the speed of the power supply fan to spray sand from the sand-spreading device between the train tires and the track. The speed of the power supply fan is proportional to the sand-spreading rate of the sand-spreading device. This invention improves the adhesion between the train tires and the track.

[0005] It can be seen that the sand spreading control method and device have the following problems: the invention controls the sand spreading rate according to the rotation speed of the power fan, and sprays sand between the train tires and the track to increase the adhesion between the train tires and the track, but the invention lacks monitoring and correction of the sand spreading effect, resulting in difficulty in maintaining the sand injection amount, sand output speed, sand spreading efficiency, etc. accurately and constantly, resulting in poor sand spreading effect, sand waste, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides a locomotive sand spreading device and method to overcome the problem in the prior art of low sand spreading efficiency during locomotive operation due to lack of monitoring of the sand material placement process.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a locomotive sand spreading device, comprising:

[0008] The box body is connected to the sand box, the upper panel of the box body is provided with a feeding port, and a heating component is provided inside the box body;

[0009] A Jiaolong conveying mechanism is arranged inside the box body and is used to convey the sand material in the sand box, including a screw feeding assembly for conveying the sand material and a motor for providing power to the screw feeding assembly;

[0010] A double-threaded straight-through is provided on one side of the box body and is connected to the air inlet of the motor to deliver high-pressure gas to the motor. An electric throttle valve is provided inside the double-threaded straight-through;

[0011] a sand spreading assembly, which is arranged at the lower part of the box body near the discharge end of the screw feeding assembly, and is used to spray the sand material, comprising a bend pipe arranged on the lower end surface of the box body, and an air outlet pipe arranged at the lower end surface of the box body near the bend pipe and connected to the box body, wherein one end of the air outlet pipe away from the box body is connected to the bend pipe;

[0012] The acquisition component includes a temperature detection module and a humidity detection module disposed on the outside of the locomotive body for respectively detecting the temperature and humidity of the locomotive operating environment, and an image acquisition module disposed on the top of the locomotive head for acquiring track images;

[0013] a data processing component connected to the acquisition component, for processing the track image to obtain an image grayscale value;

[0014] A control component is respectively connected to the double-threaded straight-through, the sand-spreading component, the acquisition component and the data processing component, calculates the slip rate based on the sliding speed of the train to preliminarily determine the amount of sand material to be added based on the slip rate, obtains the area ratio of the grayscale value greater than the preset grayscale value in the track image, corrects the amount of sand material to be added based on the area ratio, and determines the heating power based on the ambient temperature, and determines whether the heating power meets the standard based on the ambient humidity and corrects the heating power that does not meet the standard.

[0015] Furthermore, the Jiaolong conveying mechanism includes a mounting plate, and a first gear and a second gear are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the mounting plate are provided on the front side of the mounting plate, and a motor is provided on the right side of the back side of the mounting plate, and the motor and the first gear are socketed, and a fixing plate with a first circular hole and a first circular tube fixed thereon is provided at the tail end of the motor, and the motor is socketed with the first circular hole, and a first circular tube with a threaded conveying rod provided inside is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the threaded conveying rod is socketed with the second gear, and a second circular tube connected to the bent pipe is fixed to the lower part of the first circular tube near the fixed plate end.

[0016] Further, the control component determines that the slip rate does not meet the standard based on the comparison result that the slip rate is greater than the preset slip rate, calculates the slip rate difference between the slip rate and the preset slip rate, and preliminarily determines the amount of sand material added based on the slip rate difference, including determining that the sand material is added with a first amount of sand material based on the comparison result that the slip rate difference is greater than or equal to a first preset slip rate difference;

[0017] Or, according to the comparison result that the slip rate difference is less than the first preset slip rate difference and greater than or equal to the second preset slip rate difference, it is determined to add sand material with a second sand material addition amount;

[0018] Alternatively, determining to add sand material with a third amount of sand material according to a comparison result that the slip rate difference is less than the second preset slip rate difference;

[0019] Wherein, the amount of sand material added is controlled by the electric throttle valve.

[0020] Furthermore, the control component determines to use a sand material input amount correction coefficient to correct the sand material input amount based on the comparison result that the area ratio is greater than a preset area ratio.

[0021] Furthermore, the control component determines that the operating environment of the sand spreading device does not meet the standard based on the comparison result that the ambient temperature is less than the preset temperature and starts the heating component.

[0022] Furthermore, when the operating environment of the sand spreading device does not meet the standard, the control component obtains a temperature difference by subtracting the ambient temperature from the preset temperature, and determines the heating power based on the comparison result of the temperature difference and the preset temperature difference.

[0023] Furthermore, the control component determines that the heating power does not meet the standard based on a comparison result that the ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity.

[0024] Furthermore, the control component subtracts the ambient humidity from the preset humidity to obtain a humidity difference value, and determines to adopt a first correction method to correct the heating power based on a comparison result that the humidity difference value is greater than the preset humidity difference value.

[0025] Furthermore, the control component determines to adopt a second correction method to correct the heating power based on a comparison result that the humidity difference is less than or equal to the preset humidity difference.

[0026] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a locomotive sand spreading method, comprising:

[0027] Calculating the slip ratio based on the sliding speed of the wheel to preliminarily determine the amount of sand material to be added based on the slip ratio;

[0028] Obtaining a proportion of an area in the track image where the grayscale value is greater than a preset grayscale value, and correcting the amount of sand material added based on the area proportion;

[0029] The heating component is started and the heating power is determined based on the ambient temperature. The heating power is determined to be in compliance with the standard based on the ambient humidity and correction is performed for the heating power that does not meet the standard.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention realizes the continuous conveying of sand material by setting up a Jiaolong conveying mechanism, thus avoiding the intermittent problem existing in the traditional conveying method; the sand material can be mixed and stirred at the same time during the conveying process of the sand material, thus avoiding serious agglomeration of the sand material; the amount of sand material added is determined according to the slip rate, the larger the slip rate, the smaller the adhesion between the locomotive and the track, the locomotive is prone to idling, and the larger the amount of sand material added is required; whether the amount of sand material added is corrected is determined according to the area ratio of the image grayscale value; the case where the area ratio is small indicates that there are water marks on the track, but the water marks are small, and the influence on the slip rate is small, and the amount of sand material added is not corrected; the case where the area ratio is large indicates that there are more water marks on the track, and the amount of sand material added needs to be appropriately increased. The amount is measured to determine whether the adhesion between the locomotive and the track meets the standard, thereby improving the sanding efficiency while ensuring the sanding effect; the ambient temperature is monitored to determine whether to turn on the heating component. If the ambient temperature is too low, the lubricating grease inside the sanding device will solidify, resulting in poor operation of the sanding device, thereby affecting the uniformity and accuracy of the sanding. The heating power is determined based on the comparison results between the ambient temperature and the preset ambient temperature, thereby improving the heating efficiency while ensuring the heating effect and avoiding energy waste; excessive ambient humidity will cause the sand to become damp, and then become hardened, which will reduce the fluidity of the sand and make it impossible for the sand to be evenly distributed between the wheels and the track, reducing the sanding effect. The heating power is corrected based on the ambient humidity, and the sanding process is accurately heated, thereby improving the sanding efficiency.

[0031] Furthermore, the present invention provides a pneumatic motor to power the Jiaolong conveying mechanism, using clean energy to reduce pollutant emissions; a screw feeding assembly is provided to achieve continuous conveying of sand materials, and the sand materials are stirred during the sand feeding process to avoid agglomeration, which is beneficial to the stability of the sand output, thereby improving the sand spreading efficiency.

[0032] Furthermore, the present invention determines whether the adhesion between the locomotive and the track meets the standard based on the slip rate. The smaller the slip rate, the smaller the adhesion. Taking the preset slip rate as the standard, the greater the slip rate difference, the greater the amount of sand required. The amount of sand is accurately determined according to different needs, avoiding waste of sand and thus improving sand spreading efficiency.

[0033] Furthermore, the present invention monitors the ambient temperature through a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, determines the heating power based on the ambient temperature, and determines a correction method for the heating power based on the ambient humidity, thereby improving the heating efficiency while ensuring the heating effect, thereby further improving the sand spreading efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a locomotive sand spreading device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the Jiaolong conveying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the lower panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a step diagram of a locomotive sand spreading method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] In the figure: 1. Upper panel; 2. Feeding port; 3. Mounting plate; 4. Fixing plate; 5. First gear; 6. Second gear; 7. Motor; 8. First round tube; 9. First round hole; 10. Air inlet; 11. Second round tube; 12. Double-threaded straight-through tube; 13. Air outlet pipe; 14. Heating circuit; 15. Bend pipe; 16. Electric throttle valve; 17. Threaded conveying rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside", and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, they are respectively a structural schematic diagram of the locomotive sand spreading device according to an embodiment of the present invention; a structural schematic diagram of the box body according to an embodiment of the present invention; a structural schematic diagram of the Jiaolong conveying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; and a structural schematic diagram of the lower panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The present invention provides a locomotive sand spreading device, comprising:

[0046] The box body is connected to the sand box, the upper panel 1 of the box body is provided with a feed port 2, and a heating component is provided inside the box body;

[0047] The Jiaolong conveying mechanism is arranged inside the box body and is used to convey the sand material in the sand box, including a screw feeding assembly for conveying the sand material and a motor 7 for providing power to the screw feeding assembly;

[0048] A double-threaded straight-through hole 12 is provided on one side of the box body and is connected to the air inlet 10 of the motor 7 for supplying high-pressure gas to the motor 7. An electric throttle valve 16 is provided inside the double-threaded straight-through hole 12;

[0049] A sand spreading assembly is provided at the lower portion of the box body near the discharge end of the screw feeding assembly, for spraying the sand material, and includes a curved pipe 15 provided on the lower end surface of the box body, and an air outlet pipe 13 provided at the lower end surface of the box body near the curved pipe 15 and in communication with the box body, wherein one end of the air outlet pipe 13 away from the box body is in communication with the curved pipe 15;

[0050] The acquisition component includes a temperature detection module and a humidity detection module disposed on the outside of the locomotive body for respectively detecting the temperature and humidity of the locomotive operating environment, and an image acquisition module disposed on the top of the locomotive head for acquiring track images;

[0051] A control component is respectively connected to the double-threaded straight-through 12, the sand-spreading component, the acquisition component and the data processing component, calculates the slip rate based on the sliding speed of the train to preliminarily determine the amount of sand material to be added based on the slip rate, obtains the area ratio of the grayscale value greater than the preset grayscale value in the track image, corrects the amount of sand material to be added based on the area ratio, and determines the heating power based on the ambient temperature, and determines whether the heating power meets the standard based on the ambient humidity and corrects the heating power that does not meet the standard.

[0052] Specifically, the motor 7 is a pneumatic motor 7, such as a piston pneumatic motor 7, which is not specifically limited. The high-pressure gas enters the motor 7 through the double-threaded straight through 12, converting the gas pressure into rotational mechanical energy. The motor 7 drives the screw feeding assembly through gears to transport the sand material. The electric throttle valve 16 controls the gas flow of the high-pressure gas entering the motor 7 by controlling the size of the valve. The greater the gas flow, the faster the screw feeding assembly rotates, and the greater the amount of sand material added in the same time, so the amount of sand material added can be controlled by controlling the electric throttle valve 16.

[0053] Specifically, the exhaust gas of the motor 7 is discharged into the box to provide power for the sand material at the discharge end. The electric throttle valve 16 controls the outlet pressure through the outlet by controlling the size of the valve. The smaller the valve, the greater the outlet pressure, and the larger the valve, the smaller the outlet pressure. Therefore, the stability of the sand output can be controlled by controlling the electric throttle valve 16.

[0054] Specifically, the formula for calculating the slip rate based on the train's sliding speed is:

[0055] ;

[0056] Wherein, σ represents the slip ratio, ΔV represents the difference between the sliding speed of the locomotive and the theoretical rolling speed, and V represents the theoretical rolling speed of the locomotive.

[0057] Specifically, the theoretical rolling speed refers to the average speed of the locomotive wheels under ideal conditions when there is no slip.

[0058] Specifically, the present invention realizes the continuous conveying of sand material by setting up a Jiaolong conveying mechanism, thereby avoiding the intermittent problem existing in the traditional conveying method. The sand material can be mixed and stirred at the same time during the conveying process of the sand material, thereby avoiding serious agglomeration of the sand material; the amount of sand material added is determined according to the slip rate. The larger the slip rate, the smaller the adhesion between the locomotive and the track, the locomotive is prone to idling, and the larger the amount of sand material added is required. The area ratio of the image grayscale value determines whether the amount of sand material added should be corrected. The case where the area ratio is small indicates that there are water marks on the track, but the water marks are small and the effect on the slip rate is small, so the amount of sand material added is not corrected. The case where the area ratio is large indicates that there are more water marks on the track, and the amount of sand material added needs to be appropriately increased to determine the locomotive. The adhesion to the track meets the standards, thereby improving the sanding efficiency while ensuring the sanding effect; the ambient temperature is monitored to determine whether to turn on the heating component. If the ambient temperature is too low, the lubricating grease inside the sanding device will solidify, resulting in poor operation of the sanding device, thereby affecting the uniformity and accuracy of sanding. The heating power is determined based on the comparison results between the ambient temperature and the preset ambient temperature, thereby improving the heating efficiency while ensuring the heating effect and avoiding energy waste; excessive ambient humidity will cause the sand to become damp, and then become hardened, which will reduce the fluidity of the sand and make it impossible for the sand to be evenly distributed between the wheels and the track, reducing the sanding effect. The heating power is corrected based on the ambient humidity, and the sanding process is accurately heated, thereby improving the sanding efficiency.

[0059] Specifically, the Jiaolong conveying mechanism includes a mounting plate 3, and the front of the mounting plate 3 is provided with a first gear 5 and a second gear 6 which are symmetrically distributed on the left and right. A motor 7 is provided on the right side of the back of the mounting plate 3, and the motor 7 and the first gear 5 are socketed. The tail end of the motor 7 is provided with a fixing plate 4 with a first circular hole 9 and a first circular tube 8 fixed thereon. The motor 7 is socketed with the first circular hole 9, and the first circular tube 8 with a threaded conveying rod 17 inside is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 3, and the threaded conveying rod 17 is socketed with the second gear 6. The first circular tube 8 is fixed with a second circular tube 11 connected to the bent pipe 15 near the lower end of the fixing plate 4.

[0060] Specifically, the present invention provides a pneumatic motor 7 to power the Jiaolong conveying mechanism, uses clean energy to reduce pollutant emissions; provides a screw feeding assembly to achieve continuous conveying of sand materials, and stirs the sand materials during the sand feeding process to avoid agglomeration, which is beneficial to the stability of the sand output.

[0061] Specifically, the control component determines whether the adhesion meets the standard based on the slip ratio, including determining that the slip ratio does not meet the standard according to a comparison result that the slip ratio is less than a preset slip ratio.

[0062] Specifically, the preset slip ratio is determined based on the design requirements and driving safety of the locomotive, and generally has a value range of [5%, 15%]. The preferred value in the embodiment of the present invention is 8%.

[0063] Specifically, the control component calculates a slip rate difference between the preset slip rate and the slip rate under the condition that the slip rate does not meet the standard, so as to preliminarily determine the amount of sand material added based on the slip rate difference, including determining the amount of sand material added to be a first sand material added amount according to a comparison result that the slip rate difference is greater than or equal to a first preset slip rate difference;

[0064] Alternatively, the sand material feeding amount is determined to be a second sand material feeding amount according to a comparison result that the slip rate difference is less than the first preset slip rate difference and greater than or equal to a second preset slip rate difference;

[0065] Alternatively, the sand material feeding amount is determined to be a third sand material feeding amount according to a comparison result that the slip rate difference is less than the second preset slip rate difference;

[0066] The amount of sand material added is controlled by the electric throttle valve 16 .

[0067] Specifically, the value range of the first preset slip ratio difference is set to [1%, 3%], and the preferred value of the present invention is 2%; the value range of the second preset slip ratio difference is set to [4%, 6%], and the preferred value of the present invention is 5%.

[0068] Specifically, the first sand material input amount, the second sand material input amount and the third sand material input amount are determined according to the locomotive load and the slip rate difference. The greater the locomotive load, the greater the slip rate difference, and the greater the sand material input amount.

[0069] Specifically, the present invention determines whether the adhesion between the locomotive and the track meets the standard based on the slip rate. The smaller the slip rate, the smaller the adhesion. Taking the preset slip rate as the standard, the larger the slip rate difference, the larger the amount of sand required, and the larger the valve diameter of the electric throttle valve 16.

[0070] Specifically, the control component determines to use a sand material input amount correction coefficient to correct the sand material input amount based on the comparison result that the area ratio is greater than the preset area ratio.

[0071] Specifically, the value range of the preset area ratio is set to [40%, 60%], and 50% is preferred in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Specifically, the value range of the sand material feeding amount coefficient is set to [1.01, 1.4], and 1.3 is preferably used in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Specifically, the control component determines that the operating environment of the sand spreading device does not meet the standard based on the comparison result that the ambient temperature is less than the preset temperature and starts the heating component.

[0074] Specifically, the preset temperature range is set to [-30°C, 10°C], and -15°C is preferred in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] Specifically, when the operating environment of the sand spreading device does not meet the standard, the control component obtains a temperature difference by subtracting the ambient temperature from the preset temperature, and determines the heating power based on the comparison result of the temperature difference and the preset temperature difference.

[0076] Specifically, the control component determines that the heating power is the first heating power based on the comparison result that the temperature difference is greater than the preset temperature difference;

[0077] The control component determines that the heating power is the second heating power based on a comparison result that the temperature difference is less than or equal to a preset temperature difference.

[0078] Specifically, the value range of the first heating power is set to [50W, 100W], and 70W is preferred in the embodiment of the present invention; the value range of the second heating power is set to [101W, 200W], and 120W is preferred in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] Specifically, the control component determines that the heating power does not meet the standard based on a comparison result that the ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity.

[0080] Specifically, the preset humidity range is set to [70%, 95%], and 80% is preferred in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0081] Specifically, the control component subtracts the ambient humidity from the preset humidity to obtain a humidity difference value, and determines to adopt a first correction method to correct the heating power based on a comparison result that the humidity difference value is greater than the preset humidity difference value.

[0082] Specifically, the preset humidity difference value is set in the range of [10%, 30%], and is preferably 15% in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0083] Specifically, the first correction method is to use a first correction coefficient to correct the heating power. The value range of the first correction coefficient is set to [1.3, 1.5]. In the embodiment of the present invention, 1.4 is preferred.

[0084] Specifically, the control component determines to adopt the second correction method to correct the heating power based on the comparison result that the humidity difference is less than or equal to the preset humidity difference.

[0085] Specifically, the second correction method is to use a second correction coefficient to correct the heating power, and the value range of the first correction coefficient is set to [1.1, 1.29]. In the embodiment of the present invention, 1.15 is preferred.

[0086] Specifically, the greater the humidity, the greater the correction to the heating power.

[0087] See also Figure 5 As shown, it is a flow chart of the locomotive sand spreading method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0088] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a sand spreading method, comprising:

[0089] Calculating the slip ratio based on the sliding speed of the wheel to preliminarily determine the amount of sand material to be added based on the slip ratio;

[0090] Obtaining a proportion of an area in the track image where the grayscale value is greater than a preset grayscale value, and correcting the amount of sand material added based on the area proportion;

[0091] The heating component is started and the heating power is determined based on the ambient temperature. The heating power is determined to be in compliance with the standard based on the ambient humidity and correction is performed for the heating power that does not meet the standard.

[0092] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locomotive sand spreading device, It is characterized in that include: A box body connected to the sand box, wherein the upper panel of the box body is provided with a material discharge port, and a heating component is provided inside the box body; A Jiaolong conveying mechanism is arranged inside the box body and is used to convey the sand in the sand box, including a screw feeding assembly for conveying the sand and a motor for providing power to the screw feeding assembly; A double-threaded straight-through is arranged on one side of the box body and connected to the air inlet of the motor to deliver high-pressure gas to the motor, and an electric throttle valve is arranged inside the double-threaded straight-through; A sand spreading assembly is arranged at the lower part of the box body near the discharge end of the screw feeding assembly, and is used to spray the sand material, comprising a bend pipe arranged on the lower end surface of the box body, and an air outlet pipe arranged at the lower end surface of the box body near the bend pipe and connected to the box body, wherein one end of the air outlet pipe away from the box body is connected to the bend pipe; The acquisition component includes a temperature detection module and a humidity detection module disposed outside the locomotive body for respectively detecting the temperature and humidity of the locomotive operating environment, and an image acquisition module disposed on the top of the locomotive head for acquiring track images; A data processing component, connected to the acquisition component, for processing the track image to obtain an image grayscale value; A control component is respectively connected to the double-threaded straight-through, the sand-spreading component, the acquisition component and the data processing component, calculates the slip rate based on the sliding speed of the train to preliminarily determine the amount of sand to be put in based on the slip rate, obtains the area ratio of the grayscale value greater than the preset grayscale value in the track image, corrects the amount of sand to be put in based on the area ratio, and determines the heating power based on the ambient temperature, and determines whether the heating power meets the standard based on the ambient humidity and corrects the heating power that does not meet the standard.

2. The locomotive sand spreading device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The Jiaolong conveying mechanism includes a mounting plate, a first gear and a second gear symmetrically distributed on the left and right are arranged on the front of the mounting plate, a motor is arranged on the right side of the back of the mounting plate, the motor and the first gear are socketed, a fixing plate with a first circular hole and a first circular tube fixed thereon is arranged at the tail end of the motor, the motor is socketed with the first circular hole, a first circular tube with a threaded conveying rod arranged inside is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, the threaded conveying rod is socketed with the second gear, and a second circular tube connected with the bent pipe is fixed to the lower part of the first circular tube near the fixed plate end.

3. The locomotive sand spreading device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The control component determines that the slip rate does not meet the standard according to the comparison result that the slip rate is greater than the preset slip rate, and calculates the slip rate difference between the slip rate and the preset slip rate, and preliminarily determines the amount of sand material to be added based on the slip rate difference, including determining to add sand material with a first amount of sand material according to the comparison result that the slip rate difference is greater than or equal to the first preset slip rate difference; Or, according to the comparison result that the slip rate difference is less than the first preset slip rate difference and greater than or equal to the second preset slip rate difference, it is determined to add sand material with the second sand material addition amount; Or, according to the comparison result that the slip rate difference is less than the second preset slip rate difference, it is determined to add sand material with a third amount of sand material; Wherein, the amount of sand material added is controlled by the electric throttle valve.

4. The locomotive sand spreading device according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The control component determines to use a sand material input amount correction coefficient to correct the sand material input amount based on a comparison result that the area ratio is greater than a preset area ratio.

5. The locomotive sand spreading device according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The control component determines that the operating environment of the sand spreading device does not meet the standard based on the comparison result that the ambient temperature is less than the preset temperature and starts the heating component.

6. The locomotive sand spreading device according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The control component obtains a temperature difference by subtracting the ambient temperature from the preset temperature when the operating environment of the sand spreading device does not meet the standard, and determines the heating power based on the comparison result of the temperature difference and the preset temperature difference.

7. The locomotive sand spreading device according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The control component determines that the heating power does not meet the standard based on a comparison result that the ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity.

8. The locomotive sand spreading device according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The control component subtracts the ambient humidity from the preset humidity to obtain a humidity difference, and determines to adopt a first correction method to correct the heating power based on a comparison result that the humidity difference is greater than the preset humidity difference.

9. The locomotive sand spreading device according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The control component determines to adopt a second correction method to correct the heating power based on a comparison result that the humidity difference is less than or equal to the preset humidity difference.

10. A sand spreading method using the locomotive sand spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, It is characterized in that include: Calculating the slip rate based on the sliding speed of the wheel to preliminarily determine the amount of sand material to be put in based on the slip rate; Obtaining the area ratio of the grayscale value greater than the preset grayscale value in the track image, and correcting the amount of sand material added based on the area ratio; The heating component is started and the heating power is determined based on the ambient temperature, and whether the heating power meets the standard is determined based on the ambient humidity, and the heating power that does not meet the standard is corrected.

Images