Smoke carbon and pollution reduction short-process collaborative treatment device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a flue gas carbon and pollution reduction short-process collaborative treatment device and method, and belongs to the field of flue gas treatment. The device comprises a flue gas oxidation absorption module and a carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolysis conversion module; the flue gas oxidation absorption module is used for carrying out catalytic oxidation on sulfides and nitrides in the flue gas through an oxidation catalyst to form sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, and the sulfur dioxide is absorbed through an absorbent; nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in flue gas are converted into carbon dirt absorption liquid containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, nitrite ions and nitrate ions through potassium hydroxide absorption liquid, and finally the carbon dirt absorption liquid is electrolyzed through the carbon dirt absorption liquid electrolysis conversion module to form ethylene, methylamine and urea. And the energy intensive processes such as capture liquid regeneration and gas purification and compression are omitted, the carbon and pollution reduction treatment process of carbon dioxide and multiple pollutants in the flue gas is shortened, the energy consumption is reduced, and the treatment efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of gas separation, and in particular relates to a short-process collaborative treatment device and method for flue gas carbon reduction and pollution reduction. Background Art

[0002] The vigorous development of the economy and society is inseparable from the huge consumption and stable supply of energy. The exhaust gas components of fossil fuel combustion such as coal are complex, including NOx, SO 2 , VOCs and other pollutants, as well as a large amount of carbon dioxide and water vapor. The combustion of fossil fuels such as coal will inevitably increase the complexity and cost of industrial waste gas emission control technology.

[0003] The existing multi-pollutant and carbon dioxide treatment, such as the invention patent application with application publication number CN113278997A, discloses a carbon dioxide reduction device and a carbon dioxide reduction method for use in extraterrestrial space. The carbon dioxide reduction device includes: a carbon dioxide purification device for absorbing and treating air containing carbon dioxide in the environment, a power supply device, a liquid circulation and gas drying device, and a reactor respectively connected to the carbon dioxide purification device, the power supply device, and the liquid circulation and drying device; the power supply device is used to power the reactor; the reactor respectively receives the purified solution produced by the carbon dioxide purification device and the alkaline solution output by the liquid circulation and gas drying device, and performs a reduction reaction.

[0004] Existing multi-pollutant and carbon dioxide treatments have the defects of long processes and low efficiency. In the traditional carbon capture process, carbon dioxide needs to be regenerated, purified and compressed from the capture liquid before it can be used for carbon dioxide conversion. This process consumes more energy than this process, and is not synergistically treated with nitrogen oxides in the flue gas, resulting in a long carbon reduction and pollution reduction process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a short-process collaborative treatment device and method for flue gas carbon reduction and pollution reduction, so as to solve the problems of long process, low efficiency and high cost in the existing treatment of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides in flue gas.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: The present invention provides a short-process collaborative treatment device for reducing carbon emissions and pollution in flue gas, which comprises: The flue gas oxidation absorption module is used to catalytically oxidize the sulfides and nitrides in the flue gas to form sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide through an oxidation catalyst, and absorb the sulfur dioxide through an absorbent; it is used to convert nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas into a carbon pollution absorption liquid containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, nitrite ions, and nitrate ions through a potassium hydroxide absorption liquid; The carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolytic conversion module is used to reduce the carbon pollution absorption liquid into ethylene, methylamine and urea by using metal-based catalysts and electrocatalysis.

[0007] Preferably, the flue gas oxidation absorption module comprises an absorption tower, wherein a first filler support layer, a second filler support layer and a sprayer are sequentially arranged inside the absorption tower from bottom to top, the first filler support layer is filled with an oxidation catalyst and an absorbent, a water collecting tank for storing potassium hydroxide absorption liquid is arranged above the second filler support layer, a gas inlet is arranged at a position below the first filler support layer on the side wall of the absorption tower, and a gas outlet is arranged at a position above the sprayer on the side wall of the absorption tower; a plurality of gas pipelines penetrating the second filler support layer are arranged on the second filler support layer, and the top ends of the gas pipelines extend to the top of the water collecting tank; The carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolytic conversion module comprises an electrolytic cell, the input end of the electrolytic cell is connected to a water collecting tank through a liquid outlet, and the output end of the electrolytic cell is connected to a sprayer.

[0008] Preferably, the water collection tank is also directly connected to the sprayer through a liquid reflux channel; a pH tester is provided in the water collection tank, and the pH tester is used to test the pH value of the carbon pollution absorption liquid to reflect the ion concentration in the carbon pollution absorption liquid; when the concentration is not greater than the set threshold value, the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank is pumped back to the sprayer through the liquid reflux channel; when the concentration is greater than the set threshold value, the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank is pumped into the electrolytic cell through the liquid outlet.

[0009] Preferably, the first filler support layer includes a desulfurization absorption section and a carbon-nitrogen absorption section. The desulfurization absorption section converts sulfides in the flue gas into sulfur dioxide through strong oxidation and absorbs and removes it. The carbon-nitrogen absorption section converts all nitrides and oxides in the flue gas into nitrogen dioxide through strong oxidation.

[0010] Preferably, a dehalogenation absorption section is further provided below the desulfurization absorption section, for removing chlorides and fluorides from the flue gas by cooling and adding alkali.

[0011] Preferably, a packing pressure plate is further provided between the water collecting tank and the sprayer.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the gas pipeline is in a semicircular shape, so that the top opening of the gas pipeline faces the upper surface of the water collecting pool.

[0013] Preferably, a cooling device is provided on the top of the absorption tower, and the removed flue gas passes through the cooling device to form condensed water, which drips into the water collection tank through gas-water separation, and the remaining gas is discharged from the gas outlet to avoid white smoke caused by excessive humidity of the flue gas.

[0014] The present invention also relates to a flue gas carbon reduction and pollution reduction short process collaborative treatment method, which is based on the above-mentioned flue gas carbon reduction and pollution reduction short process collaborative treatment device, and comprises the following steps: S1. The flue gas oxidation absorption module catalytically oxidizes the sulfide and nitride in the flue gas to form sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide through an oxidation catalyst, and absorbs the sulfur dioxide through an absorbent; the nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas are converted into a carbon pollution absorption liquid containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, nitrite ions, and nitrate ions through a potassium hydroxide absorption liquid; S2. The carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolytic conversion module uses metal-based catalysts and electrocatalytically reduces the carbon pollution absorption liquid into ethylene, methylamine and urea.

[0015] Preferably, it specifically comprises the following steps: S1.1. Flue gas enters the absorption tower from the gas inlet of the absorption tower and moves upward to the first packing support layer. The dehalogenation absorption section of the first packing support layer removes chlorides and fluorides in the flue gas by cooling and adding alkali. The desulfurization absorption section converts sulfides in the flue gas into sulfur dioxide through an oxidation catalyst and removes it through absorption by an absorbent. The carbon-nitrogen absorption section converts all nitrides and oxides in the flue gas into nitrogen dioxide through an oxidation catalyst. S1.2. Nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas move upward and pass through the gas pipeline, and are absorbed by the potassium hydroxide absorption liquid sprayed from the water collection tank and the sprinkler, forming a carbon pollution absorption liquid containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, nitrite ions, and nitrate ions. The carbon pollution absorption liquid is stored in the water collection tank; S1.3. Use a pH tester to test the pH value of the carbon pollution absorption liquid to reflect the ion concentration in the carbon pollution absorption liquid; when the concentration is not greater than the set threshold, the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank is pumped back to the sprinkler through the liquid reflux channel to continue absorbing nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas; when the concentration is greater than the set threshold, the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank is pumped into the electrolytic cell of the carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolytic conversion module through the liquid outlet; S2. The carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolysis conversion module uses metal-based catalysts under electric drive to electrocatalyze the carbon pollution absorption liquid pumped into the electrolytic cell, thereby forming ethylene, methylamine and urea in the carbon pollution absorption liquid, separating ethylene from the carbon pollution absorption liquid through a gas-water separator, and subjecting the carbon pollution absorption liquid to multi-stage distillation and vacuum evaporation processes to purify methylamine and urea.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The short-process collaborative treatment device for reducing carbon dioxide and pollution of flue gas involved in the present invention comprises a flue gas oxidation absorption module and a carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolysis conversion module. The flue gas oxidation absorption module catalytically oxidizes sulfides and nitrides in flue gas through an oxidation catalyst to form sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, absorbs sulfur dioxide through an absorbent, and converts nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in flue gas into a carbon pollution absorption liquid containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, nitrite ions, and nitrate ions through a potassium hydroxide absorption liquid. Finally, the carbon pollution absorption liquid is electrolyzed by the carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolysis conversion module to form ethylene, methylamine, and urea, thereby omitting energy-intensive processes such as capture liquid regeneration and gas purification compression, shortening the carbon dioxide and multiple pollutants in flue gas The carbon dioxide and pollution reduction treatment process, reducing energy consumption, and improving treatment efficiency, and synergistically converting carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides into high-value chemicals such as ethylene and urea, achieving efficient treatment and resource utilization of flue gas carbon dioxide reduction and pollution reduction in a short process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the short-process collaborative treatment of flue gas carbon reduction and pollution reduction involved in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a short-process collaborative treatment method for reducing carbon emissions and pollution of flue gas involved in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electrolytic cell of a carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolytic conversion module involved in the present invention.

[0018] Description of the drawings: 1-absorption tower, 2-gas outlet, 3-sprinkler, 4-packing pressure plate, 5-water collecting tank, 6-second packing support layer, 7-gas pipeline, 8-first packing support layer, 9-gas inlet, 10-liquid reflux channel, 11-liquid outlet, 12-electrolyzer, 13-cathode liquid inlet, 14-cathode liquid outlet, 15-cathode ear, 16-cathode flow plate, 17-cathode porous electrode, 18-diaphragm, 19-anode porous electrode, 20-anode liquid inlet, 21-anode liquid outlet, 22-anode flow plate, 23-sealing gasket, 24-anode ear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] Example: Refer to the attached Figure 1 As shown, the short-process collaborative treatment device for reducing carbon emissions and pollution of flue gas of the present invention includes a flue gas oxidation absorption module and a carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolysis conversion module.

[0021] The flue gas oxidation absorption module is used to catalytically oxidize the sulfide and nitride in the flue gas to form sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide through an oxidation catalyst, and absorb sulfur dioxide through an absorbent; it is used to convert nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas into a carbon pollution absorption liquid containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, nitrite ions, and nitrate ions through potassium hydroxide absorption liquid; the specific structure of the flue gas oxidation absorption module is: The flue gas oxidation absorption module includes an absorption tower 1, in which a first filler support layer 8, a second filler support layer 6 and a sprayer 3 are arranged from bottom to top in sequence, and the first filler support layer 8 is filled with an oxidation catalyst and an absorbent. Specifically, the first filler support layer 8 is a dehalogenation absorption section, a desulfurization absorption section and a carbon-nitrogen absorption section from bottom to top. The dehalogenation absorption section is used to remove chlorides and fluorides in the flue gas by cooling and adding alkali; the desulfurization absorption section converts sulfides in the flue gas into sulfur dioxide by strong oxidation and absorbs and removes it; the carbon-nitrogen absorption section converts nitrides and oxides in the flue gas into nitrogen dioxide by strong oxidation. A water collecting tank 5 for storing potassium hydroxide absorption liquid is provided above the second packing support layer 6, and a packing pressure plate is also provided between the water collecting tank and the sprayer; a plurality of gas pipelines 7 penetrating the second packing support layer 6 are provided on the second packing support layer 6, and the top of the gas pipeline 7 extends to the top of the water collecting tank, and the top of the gas pipeline 7 is in a semicircular shape, so that the top opening of the gas pipeline 7 faces the upper surface of the water collecting tank 5. A gas inlet 9 is provided on the side wall of the absorption tower 1 below the first packing support layer 8, and a gas outlet 2 is provided above the sprayer 3.

[0022] The carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolysis conversion module is used to reduce the carbon pollution absorption liquid into ethylene, methylamine and urea by using a metal-based catalyst and electrocatalysis. The specific structure of the carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolysis conversion module is as follows: the carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolysis conversion module includes an electrolytic cell 12, the input end of the electrolytic cell 12 is connected to the water collection tank through a liquid outlet, and the output end of the electrolytic cell is connected to the sprayer.

[0023] In this embodiment, the electrolytic cell 2 can use a conventional electrolytic cell, or can use a conventional electrolytic cell such as Figure 3The electrolytic cell 2 shown: the electrolytic cell 2 comprises an anode flow plate 22, an anode porous electrode 19, a diaphragm 18, a cathode porous electrode 17 and a cathode flow plate 16 which are tightly fitted in sequence, an annular sealing gasket 23 is arranged between the anode flow plate 22 and the cathode flow plate 16, and the anode flow plate 30 and the cathode flow plate 24 are connected by a double-headed threaded screw and a nut, thereby forming a sealed electrolytic chamber with the sealing gasket 23, the anode flow plate 22 and the diaphragm 18 are between the anode chamber, and the cathode flow plate 16 and the diaphragm 18 are between the cathode chamber; the anode flow plate 22 is provided with an anode liquid inlet 20 and an anode liquid outlet 21, the anode flow plate 22 is provided with an anode liquid groove flow channel on one side close to the anode porous electrode 19, and the two ends of the anode liquid groove flow channel are respectively connected to the anode liquid inlet 20 and the anode liquid outlet 21; the cathode flow plate 16 is provided with a cathode liquid inlet 13 and a cathode liquid outlet 14, the cathode flow plate 16 is provided with a cathode liquid groove on one side close to the cathode porous electrode 17 The two ends of the cathode liquid groove flow channel are respectively connected to the cathode liquid inlet 13 and the cathode liquid outlet 14; the anode flow plate 22 and the cathode flow plate 16 are respectively provided with an anode pole ear 24 and a cathode pole ear 15 for connecting the two ends of the direct current; the substrate of the cathode porous electrode 17 is a hydrophilic carbon fiber material, and the surface of the substrate is covered with a metal-based catalyst. The metal-based catalyst includes but is not limited to silver-based catalysts such as nanosilver and foamed silver, and molecular catalysts such as a high CO selectivity molecular catalyst composed of cobalt phthalocyanine loaded on carbon nanotubes; the substrate of the anode porous electrode 19 is a porous foamed nickel material, and the diaphragm 18 is an ion exchange membrane. A hydrophilic filter membrane can be added between the ion exchange membrane and the cathode working electrode to improve the product selectivity. The hydrophilic filter membrane can be divided into polyether sulfone and mixed cellulose ester according to different materials. The ion exchange membrane can be specifically divided into a cation exchange membrane, anion exchange membrane and a bipolar membrane according to the type of ions transferred during the electric drive process.

[0024] The electrolytic cell may also be composed of a stack of multi-layer flow plates, multi-layer sealing gaskets, and cathode end plates and anode end plates on both sides, and contains a plurality of electrolytic chambers connected in series.

[0025] The water collection tank 5 is also directly connected to the sprayer through a liquid reflux channel; a pH tester is provided in the water collection tank 5, and the pH tester is used to test the pH value of the carbon pollution absorption liquid to reflect the ion concentration in the carbon pollution absorption liquid; when the concentration is not greater than the set threshold value (the concentration is not greater than 2 mol / L), the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank is pumped back to the sprayer through the liquid reflux channel; when the concentration is greater than the set threshold value (the concentration is greater than 2 mol / L), the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank is pumped into the electrolytic cell through the liquid outlet.

[0026] The gas without pollutants is discharged from the gas outlet 2, and its components include nitrogen, oxygen and water vapor. A cooling device is provided on the top of the absorption tower. The flue gas removed passes through the cooling device to form condensed water, which is separated by gas and water and drips into the water collection tank. The remaining gas is discharged from the gas outlet 2 to avoid the white smoke phenomenon caused by excessive humidity of the flue gas.

[0027] See attached Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also relates to a flue gas carbon reduction and pollution reduction short process collaborative treatment method, which is based on the above-mentioned flue gas carbon reduction and pollution reduction short process collaborative treatment device, and includes the following steps: S1. The flue gas oxidation absorption module catalytically oxidizes the sulfide and nitride in the flue gas to form sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide through an oxidation catalyst, and absorbs the sulfur dioxide through an absorbent; the nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas are converted into a carbon pollution absorption liquid containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, nitrite ions, and nitrate ions through a potassium hydroxide absorption liquid. The specific steps are: S1.1. Flue gas enters the absorption tower from the gas inlet 9 of the absorption tower 1 and moves upward to the first filler support layer 8. The dehalogenation absorption section of the first filler support layer 8 removes chlorides and fluorides in the flue gas by cooling and adding alkali. The desulfurization absorption section converts sulfides in the flue gas into sulfur dioxide through an oxidation catalyst and removes it through absorption by an absorbent. The carbon-nitrogen absorption section converts all nitrides and oxides in the flue gas into nitrogen dioxide through an oxidation catalyst, thereby achieving oxidation treatment of sulfides and nitrides and absorption treatment of sulfur dioxide. S1.2. Nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas move upward and pass through the gas pipeline 7, and are absorbed by the potassium hydroxide absorption liquid sprayed from the water collection tank 5 and the sprinkler 3 to form a carbon pollution absorption liquid containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, nitrite ions, and nitrate ions. The carbon pollution absorption liquid is stored in the water collection tank to achieve the absorption treatment of nitrogen dioxide. In this process, when the concentration of the potassium hydroxide absorption liquid decreases, alkali needs to be added; S1.3. Use a pH tester to test the pH value of the carbon pollution absorption liquid to reflect the ion concentration in the carbon pollution absorption liquid; when the concentration is not greater than the set threshold value (the concentration is not greater than 2 mol / L), the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank 5 is pumped back to the sprinkler 3 through the liquid reflux channel 10 to continue absorbing nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas until the ion concentration reaches the threshold value; when the concentration is greater than the set threshold value (the concentration is greater than 2 mol / L), the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank is pumped into the electrolytic cell 12 of the carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolytic conversion module through the liquid outlet 11.

[0028] S2. The carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolysis conversion module uses metal-based catalysts and electrocatalytically reduces the carbon pollution absorption liquid to ethylene, methylamine and urea to achieve electrically driven catalytic conversion, that is, the carbon pollution absorption liquid pumped into the electrolytic cell 12 is electrocatalyzed by the metal-based catalyst under electric drive, and then ethylene, methylamine and urea are formed in the carbon pollution absorption liquid, and ethylene is separated from the carbon pollution absorption liquid by a gas-water separator, and the carbon pollution absorption liquid is subjected to multi-stage distillation and vacuum evaporation processes to purify methylamine and urea to achieve product separation, and the carbon pollution absorption liquid with a low ion concentration formed after electrocatalysis is subjected to water return treatment, that is, pumped back to the sprayer 3 to continue to absorb nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide.

[0029] Effect example: The smoke emission of a certain application project is 23000m 3 / h, the emission concentration of nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide in the original flue gas is 200mg / Nm 3 After the carbon dioxide and multi-pollutant synergistic absorption process, the concentrations of nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide in the final flue gas are less than 2mg / Nm 3 , wherein the synergistic removal efficiency of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide is not less than 93%. In some other applications, the carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolytic conversion module can use multiple (such as 4) independent electrolytic cells 12 to operate in series, and the current density of a single electrolytic cell 12 is greater than 150mA / cm 2 The total Faradaic efficiency of direct conversion of carbonate (bi) ions and (nitrite) ions is greater than 70% when the operating time is greater than 500 hours.

[0030] The present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments, but the contents described are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of application of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A short-process collaborative treatment device for flue gas carbon reduction and pollution reduction, characterized by: It includes: The flue gas oxidation absorption module is used to catalytically oxidize the sulfides and nitrides in the flue gas to form sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide through an oxidation catalyst, and absorb the sulfur dioxide through an absorbent; Used to convert nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in flue gas into carbon pollution absorption liquid containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, nitrite ions and nitrate ions through potassium hydroxide absorption liquid; The carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolytic conversion module is used to reduce the carbon pollution absorption liquid into ethylene, methylamine and urea by using metal-based catalysts and electrocatalysis.

2. The short-process collaborative treatment device for reducing carbon emissions and pollution from flue gas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The flue gas oxidation absorption module comprises an absorption tower, wherein a first filler support layer, a second filler support layer and a sprayer are sequentially arranged inside the absorption tower from bottom to top, the first filler support layer is filled with an oxidation catalyst and an absorbent, a water collecting tank for storing potassium hydroxide absorption liquid is arranged above the second filler support layer, a gas inlet is arranged at a position below the first filler support layer on the side wall of the absorption tower, and a gas outlet is arranged at a position above the sprayer on the side wall of the absorption tower; a plurality of gas pipelines penetrating the second filler support layer are arranged on the second filler support layer, and the top ends of the gas pipelines extend to the top of the water collecting tank; The carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolytic conversion module comprises an electrolytic cell, the input end of the electrolytic cell is connected to a water collecting tank through a liquid outlet, and the output end of the electrolytic cell is connected to a sprayer.

3. The short-process collaborative treatment device for reducing carbon emissions and pollution of flue gas according to claim 2 is characterized by: The water collection tank is also directly connected to the sprayer through a liquid reflux channel; a pH tester is provided in the water collection tank, and the pH tester is used to test the pH value of the carbon pollution absorption liquid to reflect the ion concentration in the carbon pollution absorption liquid; when the concentration is not greater than the set threshold value, the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank is pumped back to the sprayer through the liquid reflux channel; when the concentration is greater than the set threshold value, the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank is pumped into the electrolytic cell through the liquid outlet.

4. The short-process collaborative treatment device for reducing carbon emissions and pollution from flue gas according to claim 2 is characterized by: The first filler support layer includes a desulfurization absorption section and a carbon-nitrogen absorption section. The desulfurization absorption section converts sulfides in the flue gas into sulfur dioxide through strong oxidation and absorbs and removes it. The carbon-nitrogen absorption section converts all nitrides and oxides in the flue gas into nitrogen dioxide through strong oxidation.

5. The short-process collaborative treatment device for reducing carbon emissions and pollution from flue gas according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A dehalogenation absorption section is also provided below the desulfurization absorption section, which is used to remove chlorides and fluorides from the flue gas by cooling and adding alkali.

6. The short-process collaborative treatment device for reducing carbon emissions and pollution from flue gas according to claim 2 is characterized by: A packing pressure plate is also arranged between the water collecting pool and the sprayer.

7. The short-process collaborative treatment device for reducing carbon emissions and pollution from flue gas according to claim 2 is characterized by: The top of the gas pipeline is in a semicircular shape, so that the top opening of the gas pipeline faces the upper surface of the water collecting pool.

8. The short-process collaborative treatment device for reducing carbon emissions and pollution from flue gas according to claim 2 is characterized by: The top of the absorption tower is provided with a cooling device.

9. A flue gas carbon reduction and pollution reduction short process collaborative treatment method, which is based on the flue gas carbon reduction and pollution reduction short process collaborative treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. The flue gas oxidation absorption module catalytically oxidizes the sulfide and nitride in the flue gas to form sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide through an oxidation catalyst, and absorbs the sulfur dioxide through an absorbent; the nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas are converted into a carbon pollution absorption liquid containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, nitrite ions, and nitrate ions through a potassium hydroxide absorption liquid; S2. The carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolytic conversion module uses metal-based catalysts and electrocatalytically reduces the carbon pollution absorption liquid into ethylene, methylamine and urea.

10. The short-process collaborative treatment method for flue gas carbon reduction and pollution reduction according to claim 9 is characterized in that: It specifically includes the following steps: S1.

1. Flue gas enters the absorption tower from the gas inlet of the absorption tower and moves upward to the first packing support layer. The dehalogenation absorption section of the first packing support layer removes chlorides and fluorides in the flue gas by cooling and adding alkali. The desulfurization absorption section converts sulfides in the flue gas into sulfur dioxide through an oxidation catalyst and removes it through absorption by an absorbent. The carbon-nitrogen absorption section converts all nitrides and oxides in the flue gas into nitrogen dioxide through an oxidation catalyst. S1.

2. Nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas move upward and pass through the gas pipeline, and are absorbed by the potassium hydroxide absorption liquid sprayed from the water collection tank and the sprinkler, forming a carbon pollution absorption liquid containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, nitrite ions, and nitrate ions. The carbon pollution absorption liquid is stored in the water collection tank; S1.

3. Use a pH tester to test the pH value of the carbon pollution absorption liquid to reflect the ion concentration in the carbon pollution absorption liquid; when the concentration is not greater than the set threshold, the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank is pumped back to the sprinkler through the liquid reflux channel to continue absorbing nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas; when the concentration is greater than the set threshold, the carbon pollution absorption liquid in the water collection tank is pumped into the electrolytic cell of the carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolytic conversion module through the liquid outlet; S2. The carbon pollution absorption liquid electrolysis conversion module uses metal-based catalysts under electric drive to electrocatalyze the carbon pollution absorption liquid pumped into the electrolytic cell, thereby forming ethylene, methylamine and urea in the carbon pollution absorption liquid, separating ethylene from the carbon pollution absorption liquid through a gas-water separator, and subjecting the carbon pollution absorption liquid to multi-stage distillation and vacuum evaporation processes to purify methylamine and urea.

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