High-temperature-resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material and preparation method thereof
By using hydrated calcium silicate modified sodium alginate aerogel and compound agent in polyvinyl chloride, a dense network structure is constructed, which solves the problem of insufficient performance of polyvinyl chloride materials at high temperatures and significantly improves their high temperature resistance and mechanical properties.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411196880.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-06
AI Technical Summary
Polyvinyl chloride materials lack sufficient performance at high temperatures, making it difficult to improve their high temperature and mechanical properties.
Use hydrated calcium silicate modified sodium alginate aerogel to react with hydroxyl groups (-OH) and SiO42- to form hydrated calcium silicate, construct a dense network structure, and enhance thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. , and the thermal decomposition activation energy is improved by combining dioctyl terephthalate and polyethylene oxalate.
It significantly improves the thermal decomposition temperature, tensile strength and notch impact strength of polyvinyl chloride, and improves its high temperature and mechanical properties.
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Figure BDA0005016705350000091
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of functional plastic materials, and in particular to a high-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a polymer compound formed by the polymerization reaction of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). Its production is usually divided into two stages: polymerization and molding. Polymerization is the conversion of vinyl chloride monomer into PVC resin by suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization or bulk polymerization; molding is the processing of PVC resin into the final product by extrusion, injection or blow molding. PVC is a hard plastic in which the C-Cl bond is a dipole, which reduces the movement space between PVC chains, making it hard and brittle. However, it also has excellent physical and chemical properties, chemical corrosion resistance, water resistance and electrical insulation, mature processing and application technology and low cost. It is currently a widely used plastic material. It is stable at room temperature, but may release hydrogen chloride gas at high temperature. In order to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of PVC materials, it can be improved by adding additives such as plasticizers, stabilizers and fillers. Plasticizers can increase the flexibility of PVC, stabilizers are used to prevent thermal decomposition, and fillers can increase mechanical strength. Summary of the invention
[0003] Technical problems to be solved: In view of the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein hydrated calcium silicate modified sodium alginate aerogel is used to improve the high temperature resistance and mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride. During the formation of hydrated calcium silicate modified sodium alginate aerogel, the hydroxyl group (-OH) carried by the sodium alginate aerogel can complex the excess Ca 2+ , and SiO4 in solution 2- The reaction forms hydrated calcium silicate, which further forms a dense network structure on the surface and inside of the sodium alginate aerogel. This network structure can increase the heat conduction pathway and improve the high temperature resistance of polyvinyl chloride. At the same time, hydrated calcium silicate will also wrap around the aerogel to improve the high temperature resistance and mechanical properties of the aerogel.
[0004] Technical solution: A high-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material, comprising the following components, measured by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10-15 parts of hydrated calcium silicate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 1 part of acrylic ester impact modifier, 2-10 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, and 1-3 parts of polyethylene oxalate. Furthermore, the particle size of the calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel is 1-50 μm. The preparation method of the above-mentioned high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material is as follows: S1: Take polyvinyl chloride, calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, acrylic impact modifier, dioctyl terephthalate, and polyethylene oxalate, mix them evenly in a high-speed mixer, and dry them; S2: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use parallel twin screws for internal mixing; S3: After internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used to perform extrusion granulation to obtain pellets; S4: vulcanize the pellets using a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen; S5: After vulcanization, cold press at 5MPa for 2 minutes. Furthermore, the preparation method of the calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel is: S11: preparing a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 6-7%, a Ca(NO3)2 solution with a concentration of 42.6%, and a Na2SiO3 solution with a concentration of 20%; S12: Ultrasonic mixing of Na2SiO3 solution and Ca(NO3)2 solution, and adding sodium alginate solution; S13: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 15-30 minutes; S14: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 30-80°C for 2-3 days; S15: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S16: Place in freeze dryer and freeze-dry for 48 hours, then crush to obtain. Furthermore, the volume ratio of the Na2SiO3 solution, the Ca(NO3)2 solution and the sodium alginate solution in the S12 is 60:(35-40):200. Furthermore, the banburying temperature in S2 is 155-165°C. Furthermore, the extrusion conditions in S3 are as follows: the set temperatures of the sections in the barrel area are 165°C, 160°C, 160°C, and 170°C, respectively, and the set temperature of the die head is 170°C. Furthermore, the vulcanization conditions in S4 are: vulcanization temperature is 175° C., pressure is 10-15 MPa, and vulcanization time is 7 min. Beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses calcium silicate hydrate to modify sodium alginate aerogel to improve the high temperature resistance and mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride, and the final thermal decomposition temperature is greatly improved, and the tensile strength and notched impact strength are also greatly improved. 2. In the process of forming the sodium alginate aerogel modified by hydrated calcium silicate in the present invention, the hydroxyl group (-OH) carried by the sodium alginate aerogel can complex the excess Ca 2+ , and SiO4 in solution 2-The reaction forms hydrated calcium silicate, which further forms a dense network structure on the surface and inside of the sodium alginate aerogel. This network structure can increase the heat conduction pathway and improve the high temperature resistance of polyvinyl chloride. At the same time, hydrated calcium silicate will also wrap around the aerogel to improve the high temperature resistance and mechanical properties of the aerogel. 3. The dense network structure formed by the calcium silicate hydrate on the surface and inside of the sodium alginate aerogel in the present invention can also increase the dispersion of force and ultimately improve its mechanical properties. 4. The present invention uses dioctyl terephthalate and polyethylene oxalate for compounding, which can increase the activation energy of thermal decomposition of polyvinyl chloride, thereby improving the thermal stability of the polyvinyl chloride skeleton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention proposes a high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material and a preparation method thereof. In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Example 1 A method for preparing a high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material, the preparation method is as follows: S1: Prepare a 6% sodium alginate solution, a 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution and a 20% Na2SiO3 solution; S2: Ultrasonic mix 60 mL of Na2SiO3 solution and 38 mL of Ca(NO3)2 solution, and add 200 mL of sodium alginate solution; S3: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 25 minutes; S4: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 60°C for 3 days; S5: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S6: freeze-drying in a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and crushing to obtain calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S7: taking 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.3 kg of calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 0.1 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, 0.5 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, and 0.2 kg of polyethylene oxalate, placing them in a high-speed mixer, stirring them evenly, and drying them; S8: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform internal mixing at a temperature of 160°C; S9: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation. The extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S10: vulcanize the pellets with a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S11: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. Example 2 A method for preparing a high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material, the preparation method is as follows: S1: Prepare a 7% sodium alginate solution, a 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution and a 20% Na2SiO3 solution; S2: Ultrasonic mix 60 mL of Na2SiO3 solution and 38 mL of Ca(NO3)2 solution, and add 200 mL of sodium alginate solution; S3: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 25 minutes; S4: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 60°C for 3 days; S5: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S6: freeze-drying in a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and crushing to obtain calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S7: taking 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.3 kg of calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 0.1 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, 0.5 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, and 0.2 kg of polyethylene oxalate, placing them in a high-speed mixer, stirring them evenly, and drying them; S8: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform internal mixing at a temperature of 160°C; S9: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation. The extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S10: vulcanize the pellets with a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S11: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. Example 3 S1: Prepare a 7% sodium alginate solution, a 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution and a 20% Na2SiO3 solution; S2: Ultrasonic mix 60 mL of Na2SiO3 solution and 35 mL of Ca(NO3)2 solution, and add 200 mL of sodium alginate solution; S3: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 25 minutes; S4: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 60°C for 3 days; S5: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S6: freeze-drying in a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and crushing to obtain calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S7: taking 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.3 kg of calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 0.1 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, 0.5 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, and 0.2 kg of polyethylene oxalate, placing them in a high-speed mixer, stirring them evenly, and drying them; S8: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform internal mixing at a temperature of 160°C; S9: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation. The extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S10: vulcanize the pellets with a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S11: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. Example 4 S1: Prepare a 7% sodium alginate solution, a 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution and a 20% Na2SiO3 solution; S2: Ultrasonic mix 60 mL of Na2SiO3 solution and 40 mL of Ca(NO3)2 solution, and add 200 mL of sodium alginate solution; S3: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 25 minutes; S4: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 60°C for 3 days; S5: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S6: freeze-drying in a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and crushing to obtain calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S7: taking 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.3 kg of calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 0.1 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, 0.5 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, and 0.2 kg of polyethylene oxalate, placing them in a high-speed mixer, stirring them evenly, and drying them; S8: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform internal mixing at a temperature of 160°C; S9: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation. The extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S10: vulcanize the pellets with a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S11: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. Example 5 S1: Prepare a 7% sodium alginate solution, a 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution and a 20% Na2SiO3 solution; S2: Ultrasonic mix 60 mL of Na2SiO3 solution and 38 mL of Ca(NO3)2 solution, and add 200 mL of sodium alginate solution; S3: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 25 minutes; S4: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 30°C for 3 days; S5: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S6: freeze-drying in a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and crushing to obtain calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S7: taking 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.3 kg of calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 0.1 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, 0.5 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, and 0.2 kg of polyethylene oxalate, placing them in a high-speed mixer, stirring them evenly, and drying them; S8: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform internal mixing at a temperature of 160°C; S9: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation. The extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S10: vulcanize the pellets with a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S11: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. Example 6 S1: Prepare a 7% sodium alginate solution, a 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution and a 20% Na2SiO3 solution; S2: Ultrasonic mix 60 mL of Na2SiO3 solution and 38 mL of Ca(NO3)2 solution, and add 200 mL of sodium alginate solution; S3: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 25 minutes; S4: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 80°C for 3 days; S5: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S6: freeze-drying in a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and crushing to obtain calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S7: taking 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.3 kg of calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 0.1 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, 0.5 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, and 0.2 kg of polyethylene oxalate, placing them in a high-speed mixer, stirring them evenly, and drying them; S8: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform internal mixing at a temperature of 160°C; S9: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation. The extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S10: vulcanize the pellets with a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S11: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. Example 7 S1: Prepare a 7% sodium alginate solution, a 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution and a 20% Na2SiO3 solution; S2: Ultrasonic mix 60 mL of Na2SiO3 solution and 38 mL of Ca(NO3)2 solution, and add 200 mL of sodium alginate solution; S3: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 25 minutes; S4: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 60°C for 3 days; S5: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S6: Place in a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 48 hours, and crush to obtain calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S7: Take 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.0 kg of calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 0.1 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, 0.5 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, and 0.2 kg of polyethylene oxalate, place in a high-speed mixer, stir evenly, and dry; S8: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform internal mixing at a temperature of 160°C; S9: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation. The extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S10: vulcanize the pellets with a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S11: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. Example 8 S1: Prepare a 7% sodium alginate solution, a 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution and a 20% Na2SiO3 solution; S2: Ultrasonic mix 60 mL of Na2SiO3 solution and 38 mL of Ca(NO3)2 solution, and add 200 mL of sodium alginate solution; S3: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 25 minutes; S4: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 60°C for 3 days; S5: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S6: freeze-drying in a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and crushing to obtain calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S7: taking 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.5 kg of calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 0.1 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, 0.5 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, and 0.2 kg of polyethylene oxalate, placing them in a high-speed mixer, stirring them evenly, and drying them; S8: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform internal mixing at a temperature of 160°C; S9: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation. The extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S10: vulcanize the pellets with a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S11: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. Example 9 S1: Prepare a 7% sodium alginate solution, a 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution and a 20% Na2SiO3 solution; S2: Ultrasonic mix 60 mL of Na2SiO3 solution and 38 mL of Ca(NO3)2 solution, and add 200 mL of sodium alginate solution; S3: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 25 minutes; S4: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 60°C for 3 days; S5: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S6: Place in a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 48 hours, and crush to obtain calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S7: Take 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.3 kg of calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 0.2 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, 0.3 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, and 0.2 kg of polyethylene oxalate, place in a high-speed mixer, stir evenly, and dry; S8: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform internal mixing at a temperature of 160°C; S9: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation. The extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S10: vulcanize the pellets with a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S11: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. Example 10 S1: Prepare a 7% sodium alginate solution, a 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution and a 20% Na2SiO3 solution; S2: Ultrasonic mix 60 mL of Na2SiO3 solution and 38 mL of Ca(NO3)2 solution, and add 200 mL of sodium alginate solution; S3: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 25 minutes; S4: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 60°C for 3 days; S5: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S6: freeze-drying in a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and crushing to obtain calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S7: taking 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.3 kg of calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 0.1 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, 1.0 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, and 0.1 kg of polyethylene oxalate, placing them in a high-speed mixer, stirring them evenly, and drying them; S8: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform internal mixing at a temperature of 160°C; S9: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation. The extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S10: vulcanize the pellets with a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S11: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that sodium alginate aerogel is directly used instead of calcium silicate hydrate to modify the sodium alginate aerogel, specifically as follows: S1: Prepare 7% sodium alginate solution and 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution; S2: Dissolve 38 mL of Ca(NO3)2 in 200 mL of sodium alginate solution, stir evenly, and ultrasonicate for 25 min; S3: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 60°C for 3 days; S4: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S5: freeze-drying in a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and crushing to obtain sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S6: Take 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.3 kg of sodium alginate aerogel, 0.1 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, 0.5 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, and 0.2 kg of polyethylene oxalate, place them in a high-speed mixer, stir them evenly, and dry them; S7: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform mixing at a mixing temperature of 160°C; S8: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation, and the extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S9: The pellets are vulcanized on a platen vulcanizing machine to make specimens. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S10: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that dioctyl terephthalate is used instead of polyethylene oxalate, as follows: S1: Prepare a 7% sodium alginate solution, a 42.6% Ca(NO3)2 solution and a 20% Na2SiO3 solution; S2: Ultrasonic mix 60 mL of Na2SiO3 solution and 38 mL of Ca(NO3)2 solution, and add 200 mL of sodium alginate solution; S3: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 25 minutes; S4: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 60°C for 3 days; S5: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S6: freeze-drying in a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and crushing to obtain calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel with a particle size of 1-50 μm; S7: taking 10 kg of polyvinyl chloride, 1.3 kg of calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, 0.1 kg of acrylic ester impact modifier, and 0.7 kg of dioctyl terephthalate, placing them in a high-speed mixer, stirring them evenly, and drying them; S8: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use a parallel twin screw to perform internal mixing at a temperature of 160°C; S9: after internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used for extrusion granulation. The extrusion conditions are as follows: the set temperatures of each section of the barrel area are 165° C., 160° C., 160° C., and 170° C., respectively, and the die head is set at 170° C. to obtain pellets; S10: vulcanize the pellets with a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen. The vulcanization conditions are: vulcanization temperature of 175°C, pressure of 13 MPa, and vulcanization for 7 minutes. S11: After vulcanization, cold press at 5 MPa for 2 minutes. The material of the embodiment was made into a sample of 60 mm×10 mm×5 mm, and the performance was tested: TG test: N2 atmosphere, temperature range room temperature-800℃, heating rate 5℃ / min; Mechanical properties test: tensile strength was tested according to GB / T 1040.1-2018; notched impact strength was tested according to GB / T1843-2008. The results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1
Claims
1. A high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10-15 parts of sodium alginate aerogel modified by hydrated calcium silicate, 1 part of acrylic ester impact modifier, 2-10 parts of dioctyl terephthalate and 1-3 parts of polyethylene oxalate.
2. The high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel is 1-50 μm.
3. The method for preparing a high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method is as follows: S1: Take polyvinyl chloride, calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel, acrylic impact modifier, dioctyl terephthalate, and polyethylene oxalate, mix them evenly in a high-speed mixer, and dry them; S2: Add the material into the silo of the extruder and internal mixer, and use parallel twin screws for internal mixing; S3: After internal mixing, a single screw extruder is used to perform extrusion granulation to obtain pellets; S4: vulcanize the pellets using a platen vulcanizer to make a specimen; S5: After vulcanization, cold press at 5MPa for 2 minutes.
4. The method for preparing a high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the calcium silicate hydrate modified sodium alginate aerogel is as follows: S11: preparing a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 6-7%, a Ca(NO3)2 solution with a concentration of 42.6%, and a Na2SiO3 solution with a concentration of 20%; S12: Ultrasonic mixing of Na2SiO3 solution and Ca(NO3)2 solution, and adding sodium alginate solution; S13: After nitrogen is introduced to remove air, the air is sealed and ultrasonicated for 15-30 minutes; S14: Place in a constant temperature water bath and react at 30-80°C for 2-3 days; S15: Wash the product and freeze it in a refrigerator for 24 hours; S16: Place in freeze dryer and freeze-dry for 48 hours, then crush to obtain.
5. The method for preparing a high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the Na2SiO3 solution, the Ca(NO3)2 solution and the sodium alginate solution in the S12 is 60:(35-40):
200.
6. The method for preparing a high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The banburying temperature in S2 is 155-165°C.
7. The method for preparing a high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The extrusion conditions in S3 are as follows: the set temperatures of the barrel sections are 165°C, 160°C, 160°C, and 170°C, respectively, and the die head set temperature is 170°C.
8. The method for preparing a high temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vulcanization conditions in S4 are: vulcanization temperature is 175° C., pressure is 10-15 MPa, and vulcanization time is 7 minutes.