Advanced support equipment for coal mine underground roadway tunneling and support method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of coal mine excavation, in particular to advance support equipment for coal mine underground roadway tunneling and a support method thereof, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problems that roadway support equipment in the prior art cannot support the side wall of a roadway and is inconvenient to store: the advance support equipment comprises a support part, the supporting part comprises a supporting column, a top supporting mechanism and a side wall supporting mechanism, wherein the top supporting mechanism and the side wall supporting mechanism are installed on the supporting column. The top supporting mechanism comprises a supporting plate hinged to the top of the supporting part and an adjusting assembly installed on the front face of the supporting column and used for driving the supporting plate to rotate. The adjusting assembly comprises a moving block movably installed on the front face of the supporting column, a connecting rod hinged to the outer wall of one side of the moving block and a driving piece installed on the front face of the supporting column and used for driving the moving block to move. The top and the side wall of a roadway can be supported, the supporting plate and the side wall supporting mechanism can be conveniently stored and unfolded, and then installation and transportation are convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of coal mining, and in particular to an advance support device for tunneling in an underground coal mine and a support method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of coal mining, in order to ensure the stability of the tunnel, the tunnel needs to be supported. At present, the common support equipment is to support the top of the tunnel with a support plate to prevent the tunnel from collapsing.

[0003] However, due to the complex and changeable geological conditions and surrounding rock structure in the tunnel, especially the soft and broken surrounding rock section, the tunnel collapse and large deformation are not all located at the top of the tunnel, and the side walls of the tunnel may also collapse. The existing support equipment lacks support for the side walls of the tunnel. Moreover, due to the narrow space in the tunnel, the large size of the support equipment may easily cause problems in movement and installation. Therefore, this plan proposes an advance support equipment and a support method for underground coal mine tunnel excavation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides an advance support device for tunneling in a coal mine and a support method thereof, which solves the problem that the tunnel support device in the prior art cannot support the side wall of the tunnel and is inconvenient to transport.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An advance support device for tunnel excavation in a coal mine and a support method thereof, comprising a support part, wherein the support part comprises a support column, a top support mechanism and a side wall support mechanism installed on the support column;

[0007] The top support mechanism includes a support plate hinged on the top of the support portion and an adjustment assembly installed on the front of the support column for driving the support plate to rotate;

[0008] The adjustment assembly includes a moving block movably mounted on the front of the support column, a connecting rod hinged on the outer wall of one side of the moving block, and a driving member mounted on the front of the support column for driving the moving block to move, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the bottom surface of the supporting plate;

[0009] The side wall support mechanism includes a back plate fixed on the back of the support column, and storage holes are opened at both ends of the back plate. The side wall support mechanism also includes a movable plate movably arranged in the two storage holes and a linkage component installed on the back plate for driving the two movable plates to move, and the linkage component is connected to the driving member in a transmission manner.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, not only can the top and side walls of the tunnel be supported, but also the support plates and side wall support mechanisms can be easily stored and unfolded, thereby facilitating installation and transportation.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a height adjustment mechanism is also installed at the bottom of the support column, and the height adjustment mechanism includes a support screw and a base plate fixed to the bottom of the support screw, and a top surface of the base plate is provided with multiple fixing holes, and the bottom of the support column is provided with a first screw hole that matches the support screw.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the height of the support column and the support plate can be easily adjusted.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above solution, a locking bolt is threaded onto an outer wall of one side of the support column, and one end of the locking bolt abuts against the outer periphery of the support screw.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the support screw is locked by utilizing the static friction between the locking bolt and the support screw.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the front side of the support column is provided with an installation groove arranged along its length direction and an adjustment groove located below the installation groove, the driving member includes a transmission screw rotatably connected in the installation groove and a transmission shaft rotatably connected in the adjustment groove, the moving block is threadedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission screw, and the bottom of the transmission screw extends into the adjustment groove and is transmission-connected to the transmission shaft.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the moving block can be driven to move by driving the transmission screw to rotate.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above solution, one end of the transmission shaft extends to the outside of the adjustment groove and is fixed with an adjustment disk, and a handle is rotatably connected to the circular surface of the adjustment disk at a position deviating from the center of the circle.

[0018] The above technical solution makes it easy to rotate the transmission shaft.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a fixing groove is provided on the outer wall of the back plate on the side away from the support column, and the linkage assembly includes a connecting shaft rotatably connected in the fixing groove and linkage screws fixed at both ends of the connecting shaft, a second screw hole is provided at one end of the movable plate close to the fixing groove, one end of the two linkage screws are respectively screwed in the two second screw holes, and one end of the transmission shaft extends into the fixing groove and is transmission-connected to the connecting shaft.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, the movable plate can be driven to move while the transmission shaft rotates.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above solution, the top surface of the support plate is arched and fits with the arch top of the tunnel, and a water trough coaxially arranged therewith is provided on the top surface of the support plate.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the water seeping from the top of the tunnel can be directed to the back of the support plate to prevent it from dripping on the workers.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a material blocking mechanism is installed on the top of the support plate, and a buffer groove arranged along its width direction is opened on the top surface of the support plate. The material blocking mechanism includes a movable baffle movably arranged in the buffer groove and a plurality of springs fixed at the bottom of the movable baffle, the top of the movable baffle extends to the outside of the buffer groove, and the bottoms of the plurality of springs are fixed to the buffer groove.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, the movable baffle can be used to block the gravel sliding down from the top surface of the supporting plate when the supporting plate is folded.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the front end of the support plate is provided with a socket and a mounting hole, a plug rod matching the socket is installed in the mounting hole, the bottom of the mounting hole is provided with a slide groove arranged along its length direction, a connecting column is fixed to the bottom of the plug rod, the bottom of the connecting column extends to the bottom of the slide groove and is fixed with an adjustment plate, the bottom surface of the adjustment plate is screwed with a positioning bolt, and the bottom surface of the support plate is provided with two positioning holes that match the positioning bolts.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, after the insertion rod is inserted into the insertion hole, the support plate can be further stabilized to prevent it from rotating.

[0027] A supporting method for an advance supporting device for tunnel excavation in a coal mine, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1. Select a good position and place two support parts on both sides of the tunnel, then open the two support parts respectively, and keep the support plates in the two support parts aligned after opening;

[0029] S2. Adjust the height of the support part and make the height of the two support parts consistent. When the support screw is rotated clockwise, the height of the support plate rises. Conversely, when the support screw is rotated counterclockwise, the height of the support plate decreases until the support plate of the support column abuts against the top of the tunnel. Then, the front faces of the two support plates abut against each other, and the side wall support mechanism abuts against the side wall of the tunnel.

[0030] S3, pass the fixing piles through the fixing holes and then nail them into the tunnel ground, thereby fixing the bottom plate to the bottom of the tunnel;

[0031] S4. After the support columns are fixed, the rods in the two support columns are respectively inserted into the sockets of the corresponding support plates, and then the positioning bolts are screwed into the positioning holes to fix the plates, thereby completing the installation of the two corresponding support parts. Then, the support parts are continued to be installed in this way along the forward direction of the tunnel to support the entire tunnel.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. By using two supporting parts together, not only the top of the tunnel can be supported, but also the side wall of the tunnel can be supported.

[0034] 2. By adjusting the coordination between the components and the linkage components, not only can the support plates and movable plates be stored conveniently, thereby facilitating the movement and installation of the support parts in the tunnel, but the movable plates can also be opened at the same time as the support plates are opened, and the two movable plates can be stored at the same time as the support plates are closed.

[0035] 3. The setting of the water trough makes it easy for the groundwater extending from the top to flow down from the back of the support plate, and the setting of the material blocking mechanism can block the top surface of the support plate at any time when the support plate is closed to prevent it from sliding directly and hitting the staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when two supporting parts are closed;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the two supporting parts of the present invention are separated;

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Bottom view of

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the mechanism when the supporting plate in the supporting part is opened;

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram when the supporting plates in the supporting part are closed;

[0042] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a support column;

[0043] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the back plate and the movable plate;

[0044] Fig. 9 A cross-sectional view of the support plate.

[0045] Description of main symbols:

[0046] 1. Support plate; 2. Support column; 3. Back plate; 4. Movable plate; 5. Bottom plate; 6. Support screw; 7. Locking bolt; 8. Fixed plate; 9. Adjustment plate; 10. Installation slot; 11. Moving block; 12. Connecting rod; 13. Sink; 14. Movable baffle; 15. Insert rod; 16. Socket; 17. Drive screw; 18. Adjustment plate; 19. Slide; 20. Positioning hole; 21. Positioning bolt; 22. Drive shaft; 23. Adjustment slot; 24. Storage hole; 25. Linkage screw; 26. Fixed slot; 27. Buffer slot; 28. Installation hole; 29. ​​Connecting shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0048] Embodiment 1:

[0049] Please combine Figure 1 - Fig. 9 The present embodiment is an advance support device for underground coal mine tunnel excavation, including a support part, which includes a support column 2, a top support mechanism and a side wall support mechanism installed on the support column 2. The two support parts are used in combination to support the top and inner walls on both sides of the tunnel.

[0050] The top support mechanism includes a support plate 1 hinged on the top of the support portion and an adjustment assembly installed on the front of the support column 2 for driving the support plate 1 to rotate;

[0051] The adjusting assembly includes a moving block 11 movably mounted on the front face of the support column 2, a connecting rod 12 hinged on the outer wall of one side of the moving block 11, and a driving member installed on the front face of the support column 2 for driving the moving block 11 to move. The other end of the connecting rod 12 is hinged to the bottom face of the support plate 1. The front face of the support column 2 is provided with a mounting groove 10 arranged along its length direction and an adjusting groove 23 located below the mounting groove 10. The driving member includes a transmission screw 17 rotatably connected in the mounting groove 10 and a transmission shaft 22 rotatably connected in the adjusting groove 23. The moving block 11 is threadedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission screw 17, and the bottom of the transmission screw 17 extends into the adjusting groove 23 and is fixed with a first driven bevel gear. The outer periphery of the transmission shaft 22 is sleeved with a first active bevel gear meshing with the first driven bevel gear. The transmission shaft 22 is rotated to drive the transmission screw 17 to rotate, thereby driving the moving block 11 to move in the mounting groove 10, and then the support plate 1 can be conveniently driven to rotate to complete the opening and closing of the support plate.

[0052] One end of the transmission shaft 22 extends to the outside of the adjustment slot 23 and is fixed with an adjustment disk 9. A handle is rotatably connected to the circular surface of the adjustment disk 9 at a position deviating from the center of the circle. The arrangement of the adjustment disk 9 and the handle facilitates the rotation of the transmission shaft 22.

[0053] A fixing plate 8 is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission shaft 22 , and the bottom of the fixing plate 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjustment groove 23 , so that the transmission shaft 22 is further stabilized by the fixing plate 8 .

[0054] The side wall support mechanism includes a back plate 3 fixed to the back of the support column 2, and storage holes 24 are provided at both ends of the back plate 3. The side wall support mechanism also includes a movable plate 4 movably arranged in the two storage holes 24 and a linkage component installed on the back plate 3 for driving the two movable plates 4 to move. The linkage component is transmission-connected with the driving member. A fixing groove 26 is provided on the outer wall of the back plate 3 on one side away from the support column 2. The linkage component includes a connecting shaft 29 rotatably connected in the fixing groove 26 and a linkage screw 25 fixed at both ends of the connecting shaft 29. A second screw hole is provided at one end of the movable plate 4 close to the fixing groove 26. One ends of the two linkage screws 25 are respectively screwed in the two second screw holes. One end of the transmission shaft 22 extends to the fixing groove 26 and a second active bevel gear is fixed therein. The outer periphery of the connecting shaft 29 is sleeved with a second driven bevel gear meshing with the second active bevel gear. When the transmission shaft 22 rotates, the connecting shaft 29 will be driven to rotate at the same time. After the connecting shaft 29 rotates, the two linkage screws 25 will be driven to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the movable plate 4 to move in the storage hole 24.

[0055] A height adjustment mechanism is also installed at the bottom of the support column 2, which includes a support screw 6 and a base plate 5 fixed to the bottom of the support screw 6. A plurality of fixing holes are provided on the top surface of the base plate 5. A first screw hole matching the support screw 6 is provided at the bottom of the support column 2. A locking bolt 7 is screwed on the outer wall of one side of the support column 2. One end of the locking bolt 7 abuts against the outer periphery of the support screw 6. Rotating the support screw 6 can adjust the length of the screw extending out of the first screw hole, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the height of the support plate.

[0056] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: when supporting the tunnel, two supporting parts are used together, the two supporting parts are aligned and installed on both sides of the tunnel, and then the supporting plates 1 and the side wall support mechanisms in the two supporting parts are opened respectively;

[0057] When opening the support plate 1, hold the handle and rotate it clockwise, thereby driving the transmission shaft 22 to rotate clockwise, and the transmission shaft 22 then drives the transmission screw 17 to rotate forward, thereby driving the moving block 11 to move up, and then the support plate 1 can be driven to flip and open upward. At the same time, the transmission shaft 22 also drives the connecting shaft 29 to rotate forward, and the connecting shaft 29 drives the two linkage screws 25 to rotate forward, thereby driving the two movable plates 4 to move away from each other and move to the outside of the storage hole 24 until the top of the moving block 11 abuts against the top of the installation groove 10. At this time, the support plate 1 and the movable plate 4 are fully opened, and then the back plate 3 is abutted against the back of the lane, and then the height of the support plate 1 is adjusted so that the top of the support plate 1 abuts against the bottom of the lane;

[0058] When adjusting the height of the support plate 1, rotate the support screw 6 clockwise, and the support screw 6 extends to the outside of the first screw hole, thereby increasing the height of the support plate 1. Conversely, when the support screw 6 is rotated counterclockwise, the height of the support plate 1 is reduced. After the top of the support plate 1 abuts against the top of the tunnel, tighten the locking bolt 7 to lock the support screw 6. Then, use the fixing pile to pass through the fixing hole to fix the base plate 5 at the bottom of the tunnel, thereby completing the installation of the support part. Then, install another support part in the same way, and finally ensure that the front sides of the support plates 1 of the two support parts abut against and are aligned.

[0059] Embodiment 2:

[0060] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 Based on Example 1, this embodiment is further improved in that:

[0061] The top surface of the support plate 1 is arched, and a water trough 13 coaxially arranged therewith is provided on the top surface of the support plate 1. The arrangement of the water trough 13 facilitates water seeping from the top of the tunnel to drip from the back of the support plate.

[0062] A material blocking mechanism is installed on the top of the support plate 1. A buffer groove 27 is provided on the top surface of the support plate 1 along its width direction. The material blocking mechanism includes a movable baffle 14 movably arranged in the buffer groove 27 and a plurality of springs fixed to the bottom of the movable baffle 14. The top of the movable baffle 14 extends to the outside of the buffer groove 27, and the bottoms of the plurality of springs are fixedly connected to the buffer groove 27. The movable baffle 14 can be used to block the top surface of the support plate 1 from sliding down when the support plate 1 is closed to avoid hitting the staff.

[0063] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: when water seeps out from the top of the tunnel, the water will drip from the back of the support plate 1 along the water trough 13, so as not to drip on the workers in the tunnel. When the support plate 1 is pressed against the bottom of the tunnel, the movable baffle 14 is pressed into the buffer groove 27. At this time, the spring is also in a compressed state. When the movable baffle 14 loses the pressure of external objects, the spring will pop the movable baffle 14 outward, so that when the support plate 1 is closed, the gravel sliding over its top surface can be blocked to prevent it from directly hitting the workers.

[0064] Embodiment 3:

[0065] Combination Figure 2 - Figure 4 and Fig. 9 On the basis of embodiments 1-2, the present embodiment is further improved in that: a plug hole 16 and a mounting hole 28 are provided at the front end of the support plate 1, a plug rod 15 matching the plug hole 16 is installed in the mounting hole 28, a slide groove 19 arranged along the length direction is provided at the bottom of the mounting hole 28, a connecting column is fixed at the bottom of the plug rod 15, the bottom of the connecting column extends to the bottom of the slide groove 19 and is fixed with an adjustment plate 18, a positioning bolt 21 is screwed on the bottom surface of the adjustment plate 18, and two positioning holes 20 matching the positioning bolts 21 are provided on the bottom surface of the support plate 1. After the two supporting parts are closed, the plug rods 15 on the two support plates 1 can be respectively inserted into the plug holes 16 on the opposite support plates 1, thereby enhancing the stability of the two support plates.

[0066] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: after the two supporting parts on both sides of the tunnel are aligned and installed, the front sides of the supporting plates in the two supporting parts are abutted against each other, and then the positioning bolts 21 are screwed out to the outside of the positioning holes 20, and then the adjustment plate 18 can be moved to drive the insertion rod 15 to move, so that the insertion rod 15 can be inserted into the insertion hole 16 on the opposite supporting plate 1, and then the positioning bolts 21 are screwed into the other positioning holes 20 to fix the insertion rod 15. With the help of the insertion rod 15, the stability between the two supporting plates 1 can be further enhanced so that it will not rotate downward.

[0067] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. An advance support device for tunnel excavation in a coal mine, comprising a support part, characterized in that: The support portion includes a support column, a top support mechanism and a side wall support mechanism installed on the support column; The top support mechanism includes a support plate hinged on the top of the support portion and an adjustment assembly installed on the front of the support column for driving the support plate to rotate; The adjustment assembly includes a moving block movably mounted on the front of the support column, a connecting rod hinged on the outer wall of one side of the moving block, and a driving member mounted on the front of the support column for driving the moving block to move, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the bottom surface of the supporting plate; The side wall support mechanism includes a back plate fixed on the back of the support column, and storage holes are opened at both ends of the back plate. The side wall support mechanism also includes a movable plate movably arranged in the two storage holes and a linkage component installed on the back plate for driving the two movable plates to move, and the linkage component is connected to the driving member in a transmission manner.

2. The coal mine underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A height adjustment mechanism is also installed at the bottom of the support column, and the height adjustment mechanism includes a support screw and a base plate fixed to the bottom of the support screw. The top surface of the base plate is provided with multiple fixing holes, and the bottom of the support column is provided with a first screw hole that matches the support screw.

3. The coal mine underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A locking bolt is screwed onto an outer wall of one side of the support column, and one end of the locking bolt abuts against the outer periphery of the support screw rod.

4. The coal mine underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the support column is provided with an installation groove arranged along its length direction and an adjustment groove located below the installation groove. The driving member includes a transmission screw rotatably connected in the installation groove and a transmission shaft rotatably connected in the adjustment groove. The moving block is threadedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission screw, and the bottom of the transmission screw extends into the adjustment groove and is transmission-connected to the transmission shaft.

5. The coal mine underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the transmission shaft extends to the outside of the adjustment groove and is fixed with an adjustment disk, and a handle is rotatably connected to a position of the circular surface of the adjustment disk that deviates from the center of the circle.

6. The coal mine underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing groove is provided on the outer wall of the back plate on the side away from the support column, and the linkage assembly includes a connecting shaft rotatably connected in the fixing groove and linkage screws fixed at both ends of the connecting shaft. A second screw hole is provided at one end of the movable plate close to the fixing groove, and one end of the two linkage screws are respectively screwed in the two second screw holes, and one end of the transmission shaft extends into the fixing groove and is transmission-connected to the connecting shaft.

7. The coal mine underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment and support method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the supporting plate is arched, and a water trough coaxially arranged therewith is provided on the top surface of the supporting plate.

8. The coal mine underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material blocking mechanism is installed on the top of the support plate, and a buffer groove is arranged along the width direction of the support plate on the top surface. The material blocking mechanism includes a movable baffle movably arranged in the buffer groove and a plurality of springs fixed at the bottom of the movable baffle. The top of the movable baffle extends to the outside of the buffer groove, and the bottoms of the plurality of springs are fixedly connected to the buffer groove.

9. The coal mine underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the support plate is provided with a plug hole and a mounting hole, a plug rod matching the plug hole is installed in the mounting hole, a slide groove arranged along the length direction is provided at the bottom of the mounting hole, a connecting column is fixed to the bottom of the plug rod, the bottom of the connecting column extends to the bottom of the slide groove and is fixed with an adjustment plate, the bottom surface of the adjustment plate is screwed with a positioning bolt, and the bottom surface of the support plate is provided with two positioning holes that match the positioning bolts.

10. A support method for coal mine tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Select a good location and place two support parts on both sides of the lane, and then open the two support parts respectively; S2. Adjust the height of the support part and make the height of the two support parts consistent until the support plate of the support column abuts against the top of the tunnel and the side wall support mechanism abuts against the side wall of the tunnel; S3, using fixed piles to pass through the fixing holes to fix the bottom plate 3 at the bottom of the tunnel; S4. Insert the rods in the two support columns into the sockets of the opposite support plates respectively, and then install the support parts along the forward direction of the tunnel in this way.

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