Method for ecologically restoring moss crust in dry-hot valley area by taking slag as main material

Abstract

The invention provides an ecological restoration method for moss crust in a dry-hot valley area by taking slag as a main material. An ecological restoration base material comprises the following components: slag, planting soil, plant straw, a water-retaining agent, a fertilizer-retaining agent, a structure modifier, a growth promoting agent and moss powder. The slag is used as a main material, engineering waste is effectively converted into ecological restoration resources, environmental pollution and resource waste are reduced, the physical structure of soil is improved through the water-retaining agent and other admixtures, the air permeability and drainage of the soil are improved, growth of moss roots is promoted, ecological restoration is promoted, and increase of biological diversity is promoted; the formation of the moss crust can improve the local microclimate, increase the soil humidity and promote the growth of other plants, and the physical characteristics of the slag and the growth of the moss are combined, so that the moss can better survive under a drought condition, the adaptability of the moss to a dry and hot environment is enhanced, soil wind erosion is effectively prevented, and soil resources are protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope ecological restoration, specifically to the technical field of soil conditioner manufacturing, and in particular to a method for ecological restoration of moss crusts in dry-hot river valleys using slag as a main material. Background Art

[0002] Dry and hot valleys are important ecosystems in many parts of the world, with unique biodiversity and ecological functions. Exposed slopes are common geomorphic features in dry and hot valleys. These areas are usually water sources and can support the health of the surrounding ecosystems. However, with the layout of the national energy strategy, the large-scale development of water conservancy and hydropower projects in dry and hot valleys has caused the exposed slopes in dry and hot valleys to be disturbed. The exposed slopes lack vegetation coverage, making the soil vulnerable to wind and rain erosion. The huge dust on the slopes causes serious harm to the environment, while causing soil loss and surface water pollution. The soil lacking organic matter and nutrients makes it difficult for plants to survive, forming a vicious cycle. The deterioration of the ecological environment has led to a decrease in biomass and a significant decline in biodiversity, exacerbating droughts and extreme weather events, further aggravating the fragility of the ecological environment, and facing serious ecological degradation problems.

[0003] At present, ecological restoration of engineering-disturbed slopes in dry and hot valleys mostly relies on traditional vegetation restoration methods. Conventional vegetation restoration methods often rely on planting plants with high water requirements, which are difficult to adapt to dry and hot environments and have low survival rates. Many restoration methods have short-term effects and cannot achieve long-term ecological stability. Therefore, how to harmlessly, efficiently and resourcefully utilize engineering waste in dry and hot valleys in the fragile ecological restoration field is the current research focus of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration of water conservancy and hydropower projects.

[0004] Combining the concept of resource utilization of by-products of water conservancy and hydropower project development with the concept of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration, the restoration method with engineering waste slag as the main material can adapt to the special environmental conditions of the dry and hot valley area and provide a good growth matrix. As an industrial by-product, slag is rich in resources and low in cost. Through reasonable treatment and utilization, it can effectively reduce the cost of ecological restoration and realize waste resources. The formation of moss crust can provide a growth basis for other plants and promote the recovery of biodiversity. By optimizing the selection of slag matrix and moss species, the growth rate and coverage of moss crust can be increased, which can effectively resist dust pollution caused by strong winds, shorten the time of ecological restoration, and achieve long-term ecological stability. This method uses natural materials and bioremediation technology to reduce the negative impact on the environment and conform to the concept of sustainable development. It aims to provide an innovative, effective and sustainable method for ecological restoration in dry and hot valley areas and promote the restoration and protection of the ecological environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a method for ecological restoration of moss crusts in dry and hot river valley areas with slag as the main material. This method uses slag as the main material to effectively convert engineering waste into resources for ecological restoration, reduce environmental pollution and waste of resources, improve the physical structure of the soil through admixtures such as water retaining agents, increase the air permeability and drainage of the soil, promote the growth of moss roots, promote ecological restoration and increase in biodiversity, and the formation of moss crusts can improve the local microclimate, increase soil moisture, and promote the growth of other plants. The combination of the physical properties of slag and the growth of moss can help moss survive better under drought conditions, enhance its adaptability to dry and hot environments, effectively prevent soil wind erosion, and protect soil resources.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical features, the purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: a method for ecological restoration of moss crusts in dry hot valley areas using slag as the main material, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Clean the slope: remove the gravel and loose soil on the slope to ensure the slope is stable and the habitat substrate is not easy to slip; Step 2: Hanging mesh and anchoring: Drill holes on the slope, plant anchor rods, lay hollow galvanized mesh, and use iron wire to tie the hollow galvanized mesh and anchor rods firmly; Step 3: Spraying of substrate: Spray the bottom substrate of ecological restoration on the slope surface by dry spraying method, with a spraying thickness of 40-60 mm. After the bottom substrate of ecological restoration is sprayed, spray the surface substrate of ecological restoration by dry spraying method, with a spraying thickness of 10-20 mm. Step 4: Drip irrigation maintenance: After the ecological restoration surface substrate is sprayed, cover the slope with degradable non-woven fabric, connect the maintenance water pipe to the hollow water inlet of the hollow galvanized mesh, inject water for maintenance, form a drip irrigation effect, keep the slope moist, and the moss on the slope will take root and sprout in 7 to 15 days, realizing the ecological restoration of moss crust.

[0007] Preferably, in step 2, the anchor rod spacing is set to 1000~1500mm, the anchor rod implantation depth is 5000~8000mm, the anchor rod exposure height is 50~800mm, the hollow galvanized mesh is a mesh woven from galvanized pipes with a hollow diameter of 2~4mm, the mesh length and width are 20~40mm, and the galvanized pipe wall is provided with water-permeable holes with a spacing of 100~200mm, and the water-permeable holes have a diameter of 1~1.5mm. Threaded threads are respectively arranged at both ends of the galvanized pipe, which can be externally connected to a pressurized water injection pipe or a closed screw cap.

[0008] Preferably, in the ecological restoration substrate of step three, the bottom ecological restoration substrate includes the following components in weight proportions: 50-60 parts of slag, 20-30 parts of planting soil, 2-4 parts of plant straw, 0.8-1.6 parts of water retaining agent, 0.2-0.5 parts of fertilizer retaining agent, and 5-8 parts of structure improver, which are evenly mixed; the surface ecological restoration substrate includes the following components in weight proportions: 50-60 parts of slag, 20-30 parts of planting soil, 1-2 parts of plant straw, 0.5-0.8 parts of growth promoter, 0.8-1.6 parts of water retaining agent, 0.1-0.3 parts of fertilizer retaining agent, and 0.5-1 parts of moss powder, which are evenly mixed.

[0009] Preferably, the slag is ore excavated during construction, which is crushed by a crusher and then sieved, and the slag particle size is 1-5 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the plant straw is sun-dried stalks of wheat, corn, rice, or soybean after harvest, the moisture content of the plant straw is no more than 6%, and the straw length is 5 to 20 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the water-retaining agent is anionic polyacrylamide, ammonium alginate and chitosan, which are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 1.2-2.4:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2, wherein the anionic polyacrylamide has a molecular weight of 15-18 million and a solid content of not less than 90%; the ammonium alginate has a molecular weight of 50,000-200,000 Daltons and a purity of not less than 90%; the chitosan has a particle size of 50-500 microns, a molecular weight of 100,000-500,000 Daltons, and a purity of not less than 85%.

[0012] Preferably, the fertilizer retainer is an organic fertilizer retainer formed by uniformly mixing humic acid and sodium humate in a mass ratio of 0.5-1.5:0.8-1.2, the particle size of the fertilizer retainer is 0.1-1 mm, the molecular weight is 1000-10000 Daltons, and the purity is not less than 70%, ensuring the effectiveness of its organic components.

[0013] Preferably, the structure modifier is formed by uniformly mixing vermiculite and perlite in a mass ratio of 0.5-1.5:0.8-1.2, the particle size of the structure modifier is 1-5 mm, and the purity is not less than 90%, ensuring that it has good air permeability and water permeability.

[0014] Preferably, the growth promoter is a uniform mixture of rhizobia, actinomycetes, trichoderma, and bacillus in a mass ratio of 0.6-1.4:1.0-2.0:0.8-1.2:1.2-2.0, with the particle size of rhizobia being 10-100 microns and the activity being not less than 108 CFU / g; the particle size of actinomycetes being 10-100 microns and the activity being not less than 107 CFU / g; the particle size of trichoderma being 10-100 microns and the activity being not less than 106 CFU / g; and the particle size of bacillus being 10-100 microns and the activity being not less than 108 CFU / g. It can promote the rooting and germination of moss after contacting water, improve the growth environment of moss, and promote the development and growth of its root system.

[0015] Preferably, the moss powder is uniformly mixed with stone moss, sparse moss and thin leaf moss in a mass ratio of 1-2:1-2:0.5-1, all of which are in the form of powder after air-drying and passing through a 5mm sieve, with a moisture content of no more than 6%, wherein the reference amount of stone moss is 200-400g / m 2 , moss 200~400g / m 2 , thin leaf moss 100~200g / m 2 The total amount of moss used is 500~1000g / m 2 .

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The matrix of the present invention uses engineering waste slag as the main material, which can not only effectively utilize resources and reduce environmental pollution, but also the particle structure of slag can improve the aeration of soil, promote the growth and development of root system, and has good water retention characteristics, which helps to keep the soil moist in dry and hot environment. Slag contains a variety of minerals (such as silicon, calcium, magnesium, etc.), which can provide necessary nutrients for moss and other plants, promote their growth, and thus enhance the ecological function of soil. It can continuously improve soil structure, provide nutrients, enhance plant resistance, promote ecological restoration, have significant ecological, economic and environmental benefits, and conform to the concept of sustainable development.

[0017] 2. Compared with the traditional hanging net using flexible galvanized wire mesh, the hollow galvanized mesh can not only increase the stability of the slope substrate, effectively fix the substrate, reduce the erosion of the slope by water flow and wind, prevent soil loss and prevent the slope substrate from sliding and cracking, but also the hollow galvanized pipe of the hollow galvanized mesh can play a role in drip irrigation, which can not only accurately control the amount of water to ensure that the moss obtains the required moisture, but also avoid excessive water leading to insufficient strength of the substrate and slippage, and even the occurrence of slope water flow into strands and fine gully erosion, or insufficient water leading to the inability of moss to grow due to lack of water, but also directly transport water to the inside of the substrate, so as to achieve the effect of drip irrigation, significantly reduce water evaporation and leakage loss, and improve water utilization efficiency.

[0018] 3. The mixture of polyacrylamide, ammonium alginate and chitosan as a water-retaining agent for moss crust ecological restoration in dry and hot valley areas has excellent water retention capacity and can form hydrated colloids in the soil, significantly improving the water holding capacity of the soil. The combination of ammonium alginate and chitosan can slowly release water and provide a lasting water supply, which is suitable for plant growth in dry and hot environments. Polyacrylamide can promote the aggregation of soil particles, form a good soil aggregate structure, improve soil structure, reduce soil erosion and wind erosion, and chitosan and ammonium alginate can provide nutrition for soil microorganisms, promote their growth and reproduction. The increased activity of organisms is conducive to the nutrient cycle of the soil and the decomposition of organic matter, and improves soil health. This mixture can work effectively under the extreme climatic conditions in the dry and hot valley area, provide the necessary water support, effectively improve the water retention capacity of the soil, improve the soil structure, promote plant growth, and enhance the stability and sustainability of the ecosystem.

[0019] 4. Rhizobia and other microorganisms in growth promoters can promote the growth of mosses, increase their biomass and coverage. Growth promoters can improve the reproductive capacity of mosses and promote their expansion in the restoration area. Rhizobia form a symbiotic relationship with the roots of mosses, enhance the absorption capacity of the roots, and further improve nutrient acquisition. Actinomycetes and Bacillus can decompose organic matter in the soil, release nutrients that can be absorbed by mosses, and improve their nutrient utilization efficiency. The microorganisms in the growth promoter can improve the water retention capacity of the soil and help mosses survive better under drought conditions. At the same time, Trichoderma and Bacillus can inhibit the growth of pathogens, protect mosses from diseases, and improve their survival rate. Rhizobia, actinomycetes, Trichoderma and Bacillus are all natural microorganisms and will not have a negative impact on the environment.

[0020] 5. Choose a moss species that is evenly mixed with stone moss, sparse moss, and thin-leaf moss. It has strong drought resistance and can survive in dry and hot environments. It is suitable for the climatic conditions of dry and hot river valleys. The growth of moss can promote the aggregation of soil particles, improve the aeration and water retention capacity of the soil, and enhance the physical properties of the soil. The growth and death of moss will increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve soil fertility, and provide a good foundation for the subsequent growth of plants. Moss can absorb and store water, slowly release water under drought conditions, help maintain soil moisture, and support plant growth. Using moss for ecological restoration can not only quickly improve the soil's resistance to water erosion and wind erosion, inhibit dust pollution, but also reduce costs, especially in areas with scarce water resources.

[0021] 6. In summary, the present invention provides a method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry and hot valley areas with slag as the main material. The method uses slag as the main material to effectively convert engineering waste into resources for ecological restoration, reducing environmental pollution and resource waste. The particle characteristics of slag can improve the physical structure of the soil, increase the air permeability and drainage of the soil, and promote the growth of plant roots. Moss crust can provide a good matrix for the growth of subsequent plants, promote the recovery of vegetation and the increase of biodiversity. The formation of moss crust can improve the local microclimate, increase soil moisture, and promote the growth of other plants. The physical characteristics of slag combined with the growth of moss can help moss survive better under drought conditions, enhance its adaptability to dry and hot environments, effectively prevent soil wind erosion, and protect soil resources. At the same time, using slag as a repair material can reduce the cost of ecological restoration, especially in resource-scarce dry and hot valley areas, reducing the negative impact on the environment, and conforming to the concept of sustainable development. It aims to provide an innovative, effective and sustainable method for ecological restoration in dry and hot valley areas to promote the restoration and protection of the ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 These are the ecological restoration effect diagrams after 1 day and 30 days of maintenance according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Based on the high slope ecological restoration experiment of the Benzilan Hydropower Station and the technical research on the degree of degradation and quality improvement of engineering deposited topsoil carried out in the Benzilan Hydropower Development Project in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River, this invention has conducted a series of experimental studies and formed the following example results.

[0026] Embodiment 1: A method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry hot valley areas using slag as the main material, wherein the ecological restoration substrate is specifically composed of the following components: Slag is ore excavated during construction. It is crushed by a crusher and then sieved. The slag particle size is 1~5mm.

[0027] The planting soil is mature soil, which is taken from the planting surface soil within 800mm of the ground surface. It is sieved after being air-dried, with a particle size of 0.5~8mm and a soil moisture content of no more than 6%.

[0028] Plant straw refers to the sun-dried stems of wheat, corn, rice and soybean after harvest. The moisture content of plant straw is not more than 6%, and the straw length is 5~20mm.

[0029] The water-retaining agent is anionic polyacrylamide, ammonium alginate and chitosan, which are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 1.6:1.0:1.0, wherein the anionic polyacrylamide has a molecular weight of 15 million and a solid content of not less than 90%; the ammonium alginate has a molecular weight of 100,000 Daltons and a purity of not less than 90%; the chitosan particle size is 200 microns, the molecular weight is 200,000 Daltons, and the purity is not less than 85%.

[0030] The fertilizer retainer is an organic fertilizer retainer formed by uniformly mixing humic acid and sodium humate in a mass ratio of 1.0:1.0. The particle size of the fertilizer retainer is 0.1-1 mm, the molecular weight is 5000 Daltons, and the purity is not less than 70%.

[0031] The structure modifier is formed by uniformly mixing vermiculite and perlite in a mass ratio of 1.0:1.0, the particle size of the structure modifier is 1-5 mm, and the purity is not less than 90%.

[0032] The growth promoter is a uniform mixture of rhizobium, actinomycetes, trichoderma and bacillus in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:1:1.6. The particle size of the rhizobium is 10-100 microns and the activity is not less than 10 8 CFU / g; actinomycete particle size is 10~100 microns, activity is not less than 10 7 CFU / g; the particle size of Trichoderma is 10~100 microns, and the activity is not less than 10 6 CFU / g; Bacillus particle size is 10~100 microns, and the activity is not less than 10 8 CFU / g. It can promote the rooting and germination of moss when in contact with water, improve the growth environment of moss, and promote the development and growth of its root system.

[0033] The moss powder is uniformly mixed with stone moss, sparse moss and thin leaf moss in a mass ratio of 1.5:1.5:0.75, all of which are in the form of powder after air-drying and passing through a 5mm sieve, with a moisture content of no more than 6%, wherein the reference amount of stone moss is 300g / m 2 , moss 300g / m 2 , Thin leaf moss 150g / m 2 The total amount of moss used is 750g / m 2 .

[0034] Embodiment 2: A method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry-hot river valley area using slag as main material, wherein the slope vegetation restoration specifically comprises the following implementation steps: Step 1: Clean the slope: remove the gravel and loose soil on the slope to ensure the slope is stable and the habitat substrate is not easy to slip; Step 2: Hanging mesh anchoring: Drill holes on the slope, implant 6000mm long anchor rods, and lay hollow galvanized mesh with a mesh length and width of 40mm. The hollow galvanized mesh is made of galvanized pipes with a hollow diameter of 4mm. The pipe wall has 100mm spacing and evenly distributed 1mm water-permeable holes. Use iron wire to tie the hollow galvanized mesh and the anchor rods firmly; Step 3: Spraying of substrate: Spray the bottom substrate of ecological restoration on the slope surface by dry spraying method, with a spraying thickness of 50mm. After the bottom substrate of ecological restoration is sprayed, spray the surface substrate of ecological restoration by dry spraying method, with a spraying thickness of 10mm. Step 4: drip irrigation maintenance: After the ecological restoration surface substrate is sprayed, cover the slope with degradable non-woven fabric, connect the maintenance water pipe to the hollow water inlet of the hollow galvanized mesh, and use a water pump to inject water for maintenance to keep the slope moist. The moss on the slope will take root and sprout in 8 days, and the moss coverage will reach 90% in 30 days, achieving the ecological restoration effect of moss crusting.

[0035] Embodiment three: A method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry-hot river valley areas using slag as main material, the method having the following implementation effects: Tables 1 and 2 show the parameter indicators of each embodiment after applying the bottom layer and surface layer substrate of ecological restoration to the test base of Benzilan Hydropower Station in the upper reaches of Jinsha River. In the method of ecological restoration of moss crust in dry and hot valley area with slag as the main material provided by the present invention, the mixture of polyacrylamide, ammonium alginate and chitosan is used as a water retaining agent for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry and hot valley area, which has excellent water retention capacity, can form hydrated colloid in soil, and significantly improve the water holding capacity of soil. The combination of ammonium alginate and chitosan can slowly release water, provide a lasting water supply, and is suitable for plant growth in dry and hot environment. Rhizobia and other microorganisms in growth promoters can promote the growth of mosses, increase their biomass and coverage, and growth promoters can improve the reproductive capacity of mosses and promote their expansion in the restoration area. Rhizobia form a symbiotic relationship with the roots of mosses, enhance the absorption capacity of the roots, and further improve nutrient acquisition. Actinomycetes and Bacillus can decompose organic matter in the soil, release nutrients that can be absorbed by mosses, and improve their nutrient utilization efficiency. The microorganisms in growth promoters can improve the water retention capacity of the soil and help mosses survive better under drought conditions. At the same time, Trichoderma and Bacillus can inhibit the growth of pathogens, protect mosses from diseases, and improve their survival rate. Rhizobia, actinomycetes, Trichoderma and Bacillus are all natural microorganisms and will not have a negative impact on the environment. The moss species selected are a uniform mixture of stone moss, sparse moss, and thin-leaf moss. They have strong drought resistance and can survive in dry and hot environments. They are suitable for the climatic conditions of dry and hot river valleys. The growth of moss can promote the aggregation of soil particles, improve the aeration and water retention capacity of the soil, and enhance the physical properties of the soil. The growth and death of moss will increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve soil fertility, and provide a good foundation for the subsequent growth of plants. Moss can absorb and store water, slowly release water under drought conditions, help maintain soil moisture, and support plant growth. Using moss for ecological restoration can not only quickly improve the soil's resistance to water erosion and wind erosion, but also inhibit dust pollution.

[0036] Table 1 Moss coverage of moss crust ecological restoration method in dry hot valley area using slag as main material

[0037] Table 2 Erosion modulus of moss crust ecological restoration in dry-hot valley area using slag as main material under different rainfall intensities

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry hot valley area using slag as main material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Clean the slope: remove the gravel and loose soil on the slope to ensure the slope is stable and the habitat substrate is not easy to slip; Step 2: Hanging mesh and anchoring: Drill holes on the slope, plant anchor rods, lay hollow galvanized mesh, and use iron wire to tie the hollow galvanized mesh and anchor rods firmly; Step 3: Spraying of substrate: Spray the bottom substrate of ecological restoration on the slope surface by dry spraying method, with a spraying thickness of 40-60 mm. After the bottom substrate of ecological restoration is sprayed, spray the surface substrate of ecological restoration by dry spraying method, with a spraying thickness of 10-20 mm. Step 4: Drip irrigation maintenance: After the ecological restoration surface substrate is sprayed, cover the slope with degradable non-woven fabric, connect the maintenance water pipe to the hollow water inlet of the hollow galvanized mesh, inject water for maintenance, form a drip irrigation effect, keep the slope moist, and the moss on the slope will take root and sprout in 7 to 15 days, realizing the ecological restoration of moss crust.

2. According to claim 1, a method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry hot river valley area using slag as main material, characterized in that: In the step 2, the anchor rod spacing is set to 1000~1500mm, the anchor rod implantation depth is set to 5000~8000mm, the anchor rod exposure height is set to 50~800mm, the hollow galvanized mesh is a mesh woven from galvanized pipes with a hollow diameter of 2~4mm, the mesh length and width are 20~40mm, and the galvanized pipe wall is provided with water-permeable holes with a spacing of 100~200mm, and the water-permeable holes have a diameter of 1~1.5mm. Threaded threads are set at both ends of the galvanized pipe, which can be connected to an external pressurized water injection pipe or a closed screw cap.

3. The method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry-hot river valleys using slag as the main material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step three ecological restoration substrate, the ecological restoration bottom substrate includes the following components in weight proportions: 50-60 parts of slag, 20-30 parts of planting soil, 2-4 parts of plant straw, 0.8-1.6 parts of water retaining agent, 0.2-0.5 parts of fertilizer retaining agent, and 5-8 parts of structure improver, which are evenly mixed; the ecological restoration surface substrate includes the following components in weight proportions: 50-60 parts of slag, 20-30 parts of planting soil, 1-2 parts of plant straw, 0.5-0.8 parts of growth promoter, 0.8-1.6 parts of water retaining agent, 0.1-0.3 parts of fertilizer retaining agent, and 0.5-1 parts of moss powder, which are evenly mixed.

4. The method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry-hot river valleys using slag as the main material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slag is ore excavated during construction, which is crushed by a crusher and then sieved, and the slag particle size is 1~5mm.

5. The method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry-hot river valley area using slag as main material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plant straws are sun-dried stems of wheat, corn, rice and soybean after harvesting, the moisture content of the plant straws is not more than 6%, and the length of the straws is 5-20 mm.

6. The method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry-hot river valleys using slag as the main material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water-retaining agent is prepared by uniformly mixing anionic polyacrylamide, ammonium alginate and chitosan in a mass ratio of 1.2-2.4:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2, wherein the anionic polyacrylamide has a molecular weight of 15-18 million and a solid content of not less than 90%; the ammonium alginate has a molecular weight of 50,000-200,000 Daltons and a purity of not less than 90%; the chitosan has a particle size of 50-500 microns, a molecular weight of 100,000-500,000 Daltons and a purity of not less than 85%.

7. The method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry-hot river valleys using slag as the main material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fertilizer retainer is an organic fertilizer retainer formed by uniformly mixing humic acid and sodium humate in a mass ratio of 0.5-1.5:0.8-1.

2. The particle size of the fertilizer retainer is 0.1-1 mm, the molecular weight is 1000-10000 Daltons, and the purity is not less than 70%, ensuring the effectiveness of its organic components.

8. The method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry-hot river valleys using slag as the main material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The structure modifier is formed by uniformly mixing vermiculite and perlite in a mass ratio of 0.5-1.5:0.8-1.

2. The particle size of the structure modifier is 1-5 mm and the purity is not less than 90%, ensuring that it has good air permeability and water permeability.

9. The method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry-hot river valleys using slag as the main material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The growth promoter is a uniform mixture of rhizobia, actinomycetes, trichoderma, and bacillus in a mass ratio of 0.6-1.4:1.0-2.0:0.8-1.2:1.2-2.

0. The particle size of rhizobia is 10-100 microns, and the activity is not less than 108 CFU / g; the particle size of actinomycetes is 10-100 microns, and the activity is not less than 107 CFU / g; the particle size of trichoderma is 10-100 microns, and the activity is not less than 106 CFU / g; the particle size of bacillus is 10-100 microns, and the activity is not less than 108 CFU / g. After contacting water, it can promote the rooting and germination of moss, improve the growth environment of moss, and promote the development and growth of its root system.

10. The method for ecological restoration of moss crust in dry-hot river valleys using slag as the main material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moss powder is uniformly mixed with stone moss, sparse moss and thin leaf moss in a mass ratio of 1-2:1-2:0.5-1, and is in the form of powder after being air-dried and sieved through a 5mm sieve, with a moisture content of no more than 6%. The reference amount of stone moss is 200-400g / m 2 , moss 200~400g / m 2 , thin leaf moss 100~200g / m 2 The total amount of moss used is 500~1000g / m 2 .

Images