Special vehicle press-fitting equipment capable of rapidly switching auxiliary tools and press-fitting method

Abstract

The invention provides special vehicle press-fitting equipment capable of rapidly switching auxiliary tools and a press-fitting method. The equipment comprises a pressing head, the auxiliary tools, a guide rod air cylinder, a rotating air cylinder, a magnetic coupling rodless air cylinder, a connecting piece, a rack and a three-jaw air cylinder. The problems that an existing press-fitting device is free of positioning, rubber rings are prone to damage, labor intensity is high, operation is difficult and the like are solved, production and working efficiency is effectively improved, press-fitting quality is improved, and cost is reduced. By means of the device, automatic and rapid switching of auxiliary tools can be achieved, and rubber ring press fitting is completed. According to the device, automatic placing and automatic taking back of an auxiliary tool are achieved through the air cylinder, the gripper and the like, automation is completely achieved, the problem that rubber rings are difficult to place is solved, a positioning point and a mistake-proofing device are designed, and therefore the quick, effective and firm press-fitting effect is achieved, and the device has the advantages of being long in service life, good in durability, light in design, easy to manufacture and operate and low in cost. The matching degree is high, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of special vehicle assembly, and in particular relates to special vehicle press-assembly equipment and a press-assembly method capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve the efficiency of the tracks and reduce the noise and impact generated by the tracks during vehicle driving, a regular polygonal hard rubber ring with the same number of teeth is installed on the driving wheel hub of special vehicles. After the tracks and the driving wheel are engaged, the track shoe is laid on a plane of the rubber ring, thereby achieving smooth transmission and reducing impact and noise. This technology is widely used in engineering machinery fields such as energy, heavy industry, and underground operations.

[0003] The rubber ring is a polygonal hard rubber ring and a connecting ring formed in one piece. When it has an interference fit with the driving wheel hub, friction is used to prevent the rubber ring from rotating. When press-fitting the rubber ring, its installation direction and angle must be ensured. Due to its large interference fit, a press machine is required for press-fitting. It is non-removable and must be pressed successfully once.

[0004] When the rubber ring is press-fitted, since the metal part that fits it has no chamfer, the inner ring size of the rubber ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the metal part, which is a tight fit. In addition, the rubber ring itself is relatively soft. When it is directly fitted manually, many positions cannot be directly inserted. When the press presses down, the rubber ring will be sheared, resulting in the rubber ring not only not being installed in place, but also being damaged or even cut off. In addition, manual assembly is time-consuming, labor-intensive and inefficient.

[0005] The current press-fitting mainly uses a single press-fitting with special tooling. The whole process of press-fitting requires human intervention, which is labor-intensive and slow. The specific steps of press-fitting are as follows: hang the driving wheel on the press-fitting table and fix it, put the driving wheel rubber ring on it, and then press the pressure plate welding assembly; after adjusting the position, install the positioning pin, and then use the scale line to make appropriate fine adjustments before press-fitting; after the press-fitting is completed, use the scale line to check.

[0006] The principle of using existing press fittings is as follows: Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it is composed of a pressure plate welding assembly 12 and a positioning pin 13. The pressure plate welding assembly 12 is a main component, and its structure is as follows Figure 5 and 6As shown, it is composed of a pressure plate 1201 and a positioning block 1202, and the material can be selected from alloy structural steel or high-quality carbon steel. Among them, the outer dimensions of the pressure plate 1201 are roughly the same as those of the driving wheel rubber ring, and are evenly distributed with positioning holes 1203 with the same position and size as the process holes on the driving wheel 14 and the rubber ring 15. By passing the positioning pin 13 through the positioning hole 1203, the rubber ring 15 and the driving wheel 14, the matching accuracy between the driving wheel 14 and the driving wheel rubber ring 15 is ensured. The specific size of the pressure plate 1201 can be adjusted according to the driving wheel 14, the driving wheel rubber ring 15 or other structural dimensions. The positioning block 1202 is located in the bottom groove of the pressure plate 1201 and is connected by welding, such as Figure 7 and 8 As shown, the circumferential matching angle is mainly quantified and inspected during press-fitting through the scale line 120201, and the front and back side error prevention of the driving wheel rubber ring 4 is realized through the protrusion below the pressure plate 1201. The positioning hole 1203 can be designed in shape and precision according to specific size requirements, and the press-fitting precision is ensured and inspected by cooperating with the scale line 120201 on the positioning block 1202. The main disadvantage of the existing press-fitting tooling is that the press-fitting process requires human intervention throughout, which is labor-intensive and slow.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to design a special vehicle pressing equipment and pressing method that can quickly switch auxiliary tooling, so that the assembly of the rubber ring is more convenient and quick, effectively improve the installation efficiency, and reduce the difficulty of installing the rubber ring and the labor intensity of manual work. Summary of the invention

[0008] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0009] The present invention proposes a special vehicle press-fitting device and a press-fitting method capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing press-fitting tools are prone to the defects of unqualified rubber ring angles and directions, the low one-time qualified rate of rubber ring press-fitting, and the high labor intensity of personnel, so as to effectively improve the qualified rate of rubber ring press-fitting and realize press-fitting automation.

[0010] (II) Technical solution

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a special vehicle press-fitting equipment capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling, the special vehicle press-fitting equipment comprising a press head, an auxiliary tooling, a guide rod cylinder, a rotary cylinder, a magnetic coupling rodless cylinder, a connecting piece, a frame and a three-claw cylinder; wherein,

[0012] The rotary cylinder is used to rotate the auxiliary tooling to the auxiliary tooling grasping position; the guide rod cylinder is used to drive the three-jaw cylinder to rise and fall through the connecting parts; the three-jaw cylinder is used to clamp or loosen the auxiliary tooling; the magnetically coupled rodless cylinder is used to drive the guide rod cylinder and the three-jaw cylinder to move along the guide rails on the frame to move the auxiliary tooling in or out of the position directly above the workpiece; the auxiliary tooling is used to position the rubber ring relative to the workpiece; the pressure head is used to press the rubber ring downward so that the rubber ring is pressed into place on the workpiece.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure head adopts a rubber ring pressure head.

[0014] Furthermore, the special vehicle press-fitting equipment uses hard limits and spring buffers to position the rotation of the auxiliary tooling.

[0015] Furthermore, the three-claw cylinder clamps the auxiliary tooling by tightening it from the inside to the outside.

[0016] Furthermore, there are multiple auxiliary toolings with the same structure but different sizes.

[0017] Furthermore, the auxiliary tooling is a circular ring structure.

[0018] Furthermore, the auxiliary tooling has a trapezoidal cross section.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper end of the circular ring structure is processed with a chamfer, and the outer diameter of the chamfered upper end is smaller than the inner diameter of the rubber ring.

[0020] Furthermore, a positioning block is provided at the lower end of the circular ring structure to align the angle of the rubber ring.

[0021] In addition, the present invention also proposes a special vehicle rubber ring press-fitting method, which uses the above-mentioned special vehicle press-fitting equipment and includes the following steps:

[0022] When the workpiece moves to the bottom of the press, according to the model of the workpiece, the corresponding model of auxiliary tooling is rotated to the auxiliary tooling grabbing position by rotating the cylinder; the guide rod cylinder drives the three-claw cylinder to descend through the connecting piece, the three-claw cylinder clamps the auxiliary tooling, the guide rod cylinder is lifted, and the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder drives the guide rod cylinder to move along the guide rail on the frame to move the auxiliary tooling to the top of the workpiece, the guide rod cylinder descends, puts down the auxiliary tooling and positions it with the workpiece, the three-claw cylinder releases the auxiliary tooling, and the guide rod cylinder is lifted. The rod cylinder is lifted, and the magnetic-coupled rodless cylinder drives the guide rod cylinder to retract along the guide rail. The operator holds the rubber ring and puts it on the auxiliary tooling, starts the press and presses down. The pressure head presses the rubber ring and moves downward until the rubber ring is pressed into place on the workpiece. The press retracts, and the magnetic-coupled rodless cylinder drives the guide rod cylinder to move to the top of the workpiece. The three-claw cylinder clamps the auxiliary tooling, the guide rod cylinder is lifted, and the magnetic-coupled rodless cylinder drives the guide rod cylinder to retract along the guide rail. The guide rod cylinder descends and the auxiliary tooling is put down. The pressing is completed and the product is withdrawn.

[0023] (III) Beneficial effects

[0024] The present invention proposes a special vehicle press-fitting equipment and method capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling, the equipment comprising a pressing head, auxiliary tooling, a guide rod cylinder, a rotary cylinder, a magnetic coupling rodless cylinder, a connector, a frame and a three-claw cylinder. The present invention changes the problems of the previous press-fitting device, such as no positioning, easy damage of the rubber ring, high labor intensity, and difficult operation, and effectively improves production and work efficiency, improves the press-fitting quality, and reduces costs. The application of this device can realize the automatic and rapid switching of auxiliary tooling and complete the press-fitting of rubber rings. This device realizes the automatic placement and automatic retrieval of auxiliary tooling through cylinders, grippers, etc., fully realizes automation, solves the problem of difficult placement of rubber rings, designs positioning points and error-proofing devices, thereby achieving a fast, effective, and firm press-fitting effect, and has the advantages of long service life, good durability, lightweight design, simple overall device manufacturing, simple operation, easy modification, and high matching.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention specifically include:

[0026] 1. Through cylinders, grippers, etc., the auxiliary tooling can be automatically placed and retrieved, which fully realizes the automation of the press-fitting process and solves the problem of difficult rubber ring placement.

[0027] 2. This equipment has been tested and initially applied, and has strong structural reliability. It is a mature and effective rubber ring pressing device;

[0028] 3. This equipment adopts lightweight design, the overall device is simple and clear, light weight, small structure, simple operation, and easy to obtain, which is conducive to batch rubber ring pressing;

[0029] 4. This device can be specially designed and used according to different rubber ring structures, and can also be temporarily modified into different specifications and other structures to broaden the adaptability of the device of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a front and sectional view of the existing press-fitting tooling;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a top view of the existing press-fitting tooling;

[0032] Figure 3 It is the main view of the three-dimensional structure of the existing press-fitting tooling;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a downward oblique side view of the three-dimensional structure of the existing press-fitting tooling;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a top view of the welding assembly of the pressure plate in the existing press-fitting tooling;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 AA section view;

[0036] Figure 7 This is the main view of the positioning block in the existing press-fitting tooling;

[0037] Figure 8 It is a side view of a positioning block in an existing press-fitting tool;

[0038] Fig. 9 It is a front view of the special vehicle press-fitting equipment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the special vehicle press-fitting equipment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, content and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0041] This embodiment provides a special vehicle press-fitting device capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling, such as Fig. 9 and 10 As shown, the equipment mainly includes a rubber ring pressing head 1, an auxiliary tooling 3 or 5, a guide rod cylinder 4, a rotary cylinder 6, a hard limit 7, a magnetically coupled rodless cylinder 8, a connecting piece 9, a frame 10 and a three-claw cylinder 11.

[0042] When the metal workpiece 12 (driving wheel without rubber ring) moves to the bottom of the press 13, according to the model of the metal workpiece 12, the corresponding model of auxiliary tooling 3 or 5 is rotated to the auxiliary tooling grabbing position ( Fig. 9 The auxiliary tooling 3 is in the middle), and the hard limit 7 and the spring buffer are used to accurately position the rotation of the auxiliary tooling 3 or 5. The guide rod cylinder 4 drives the three-claw cylinder 11 to descend through the connecting piece 9. The three-claw cylinder 11 clamps the auxiliary tooling 3 or 5 by tightening it from the inside of the auxiliary tooling 3 or 5 to the outside. The guide rod cylinder 4 is lifted, and the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder 8 drives the guide rod cylinder 4 to move along the guide rail on the frame 10 to move the auxiliary tooling 3 or 5 to the top of the metal workpiece 12. The guide rod cylinder 4 descends, puts down the auxiliary tooling and positions it with the metal workpiece 12. The three-claw cylinder 11 releases the auxiliary tooling, the guide rod cylinder 4 is lifted, and the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder 8 drives the guide rod The cylinder 4 is retracted along the guide rail, the operator holds the rubber ring 2 and puts it on the auxiliary tooling 3 or 5, starts the press 13 to press down, and the rubber ring pressing head 1 presses the rubber ring 2 downward until the rubber ring 2 is pressed into place on the metal workpiece 12, and the press 13 retracts, the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder 8 drives the guide rod cylinder 4 to move to the top of the metal workpiece 12, the three-claw cylinder 11 clamps the auxiliary tooling, the guide rod cylinder 4 is lifted, the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder 8 drives the guide rod cylinder 4 to be retracted along the guide rail, the guide rod cylinder 4 descends, and the auxiliary tooling 3 or 5 is put down; the pressing is completed, and the product is withdrawn.

[0043] Among them, the structure of the auxiliary tooling 3 or 5 is basically the same, only the size is different. Both are circular ring structures with trapezoidal cross-sections. The upper end of the circular ring structure is chamfered, and the outer diameter of the chamfered upper end is smaller than the inner diameter of the rubber ring 2. A positioning block is provided at the lower end of the circular ring structure, which can quickly align the angle of the rubber ring 2, making it convenient for the operator to directly insert the rubber ring 2, avoiding problems such as the rubber ring cannot be inserted or takes too long to be inserted.

[0044] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special vehicle press-fitting device capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling, characterized in that: The special vehicle press-fitting equipment includes a press head, an auxiliary tooling, a guide rod cylinder, a rotary cylinder, a magnetic coupling rodless cylinder, a connecting piece, a frame and a three-claw cylinder; wherein, The rotating cylinder is used to rotate the auxiliary tooling to the auxiliary tooling grasping position; the guide rod cylinder is used to drive the three-claw cylinder to rise and fall through the connecting piece; the three-claw cylinder is used to clamp or release the auxiliary tooling; the magnetically coupled rodless cylinder is used to drive the guide rod cylinder and the three-claw cylinder to move along the guide rails on the frame to move the auxiliary tooling in or out of the position directly above the workpiece; the auxiliary tooling is used to position the rubber ring relative to the workpiece; the pressing head is used to press the rubber ring downward so that the rubber ring is pressed into place on the workpiece.

2. The special vehicle press-fitting equipment capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure head adopts a rubber ring pressure head.

3. The special vehicle press-fitting equipment capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The special vehicle press-fitting equipment adopts hard limit and spring buffer to position the rotation of auxiliary tooling.

4. The special vehicle press-fitting equipment capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-claw cylinder clamps the auxiliary tooling by tightening it from the inside to the outside.

5. The special vehicle press-fitting equipment capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple auxiliary toolings with the same structure but different sizes.

6. The special vehicle press-fitting equipment capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary tooling is a circular ring structure.

7. The special vehicle press-fitting equipment capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The auxiliary tooling has a trapezoidal cross section.

8. The special vehicle press-fitting equipment capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the annular structure is processed with a chamfer, and the outer diameter of the chamfered upper end is smaller than the inner diameter of the rubber ring.

9. The special vehicle press-fitting equipment capable of quickly switching auxiliary tooling according to claim 6, characterized in that: A positioning block is provided at the lower end of the annular structure to align the angle of the rubber ring.

10. A method for pressing a special vehicle rubber ring, characterized in that: The special vehicle press-fitting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: When the workpiece moves to the bottom of the press, according to the model of the workpiece, the corresponding model of auxiliary tooling is rotated to the auxiliary tooling grabbing position by rotating the cylinder; the guide rod cylinder drives the three-claw cylinder to descend through the connecting piece, the three-claw cylinder clamps the auxiliary tooling, the guide rod cylinder is lifted, and the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder drives the guide rod cylinder to move along the guide rail on the frame to move the auxiliary tooling to the top of the workpiece, the guide rod cylinder descends, puts down the auxiliary tooling and positions it with the workpiece, the three-claw cylinder releases the auxiliary tooling, and the guide rod cylinder is lifted. The rod cylinder is lifted, and the magnetic-coupled rodless cylinder drives the guide rod cylinder to retract along the guide rail. The operator holds the rubber ring and puts it on the auxiliary tooling, starts the press and presses down. The pressure head presses the rubber ring and moves downward until the rubber ring is pressed into place on the workpiece. The press retracts, and the magnetic-coupled rodless cylinder drives the guide rod cylinder to move to the top of the workpiece. The three-claw cylinder clamps the auxiliary tooling, the guide rod cylinder is lifted, and the magnetic-coupled rodless cylinder drives the guide rod cylinder to retract along the guide rail. The guide rod cylinder descends and the auxiliary tooling is put down. The pressing is completed and the product is withdrawn.

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