Preparation process of lightweight environment-friendly coal gangue hollow brick

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation process of a light-weight environment-friendly coal gangue hollow brick, relates to the technical field of hollow brick preparation, and aims to solve the problem that the existing hollow brick is relatively high in production cost due to poor heat preservation effect of the hollow brick during use. The coal gangue hollow brick is prepared from coal gangue, sand, cement, mineral wool fibers, metallurgical waste residues, a thickening agent and other raw materials, the metallurgical waste residues are used for preparation in the process, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, ferric oxide, calcium oxide and the like contained in the coal gangue and the metallurgical waste residues react, such as aluminosilicate, so that aluminosilicate minerals are generated, and then the coal gangue hollow brick is prepared. The mineral has higher strength and stability, so that the strength of the hollow brick is improved, the mineral wool fiber is added in the process, the heat insulation and sound insulation characteristics of the mineral wool fiber are utilized, noise can be reduced, the indoor comfortable temperature can be kept, the mineral wool fiber in the process is extracted from mineral wool waste, resource reutilization is achieved, and the production cost is reduced. And resource waste is reduced, and the device is more environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hollow brick preparation, and in particular to a preparation process of lightweight and environmentally friendly coal gangue hollow bricks. Background Art

[0002] Hollow bricks are the main wall materials commonly used in the construction industry. Due to their advantages such as light weight and low consumption of raw materials, they have become the first product recommended by the national construction department. Like red bricks, the common raw materials for hollow bricks are clay and cinder ash. The general specifications are 390×190×190mm. Hollow bricks are made of clay, shale, etc. as the main raw materials, and are made through raw material processing, molding, and sintering. The total area of ​​the holes in the hollow bricks accounts for a percentage of the area of ​​the bricks in which they are located, which is called the porosity of the hollow bricks. Generally, it should be above 15%. Compared with solid bricks, hollow bricks can save a lot of land and fuel for burning bricks, reduce transportation weight; reduce labor intensity during brick making and masonry, speed up construction progress; reduce the weight of the building and reduce construction costs.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN102992737A discloses a preparation process for shale gangue fly ash sintered hollow bricks, which comprises the following steps: crushing, feeding shale, gangue and fly ash in the stockpile into feeders by a loader, conveying them to hammer crushers for rough crushing and mixing by belt conveyors, and then entering cage crushers for fine crushing together, screening and finely crushed raw materials are conveyed to double-drum rotary screens by belt conveyors for screening, and the screened materials are returned to the cage crushers, and the mixed materials under the screens and the sludge are conveyed to mixers for mixing by belt conveyors. Water, stirring, aging, the mixed raw materials after stirring enter the aging warehouse for aging for more than 3 days. The aged mixture is processed by an electronic program-controlled fully automatic mixing machine and a strong stirring extruder. The secondary stirring adopts a strong stirring extruder, the stirring section of the extrusion section is lengthened, and the mud cutter is retained to enhance the mixing mud refining effect. Then it enters the double-stage vacuum hard plastic brick extruder for extrusion molding. The extruded mud strips are cut into bricks of required size by the fully automatic strip cutting machine. The bricks are directly pulled into the five-duct one-time stacking kiln by the fully automatic loading vehicle and the automatic receiving vehicle. The above-mentioned preparation process of shale gangue fly ash sintered hollow bricks has shortcomings. Although the device realizes the preparation of gangue fly ash sintered hollow bricks, it has limitations. The hollow bricks produced by this setting have poor thermal insulation performance, which is not conducive to the insulation of the room, increases the power consumption of the user's heating equipment, and increases the burden on the user. Secondly, the hollow bricks produced by this process are relatively high in cost, which further increases the user's use cost.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve such problems, we proposed a preparation process of lightweight and environmentally friendly coal gangue hollow bricks. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightweight and environmentally friendly preparation process of coal gangue hollow bricks, aiming to solve the problem of poor thermal insulation effect and high cost of the existing preparation process of shale coal gangue fly ash sintered hollow bricks in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a preparation process of lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow gangue bricks, comprising the following implementation steps:

[0007] S1: Raw materials such as coal gangue, sand, cement, mineral wool fiber, and metallurgical waste slag are transported to the raw material processing plant. After being crushed by a crusher, they are screened using a drum screen or a vibrating screen to obtain powdered qualified materials;

[0008] S2: Use a mixer to mix the raw materials such as coal gangue, sand, cement, mineral wool fiber, metallurgical waste slag and the like evenly, and continue to stir for 50 to 60 minutes;

[0009] S3: Mix the thickener and the mixture obtained in the second step, add appropriate amount of water and stir into a paste, then continue stirring for 20 to 30 minutes, and age in an aging bin;

[0010] S4: stirring the mixture obtained in the third step again for 30 to 40 minutes, then feeding the stirred mixture into a molding machine to form a brick, and curing it at room temperature;

[0011] S5: The bricks are sent to the drying room for drying, and then sent to the tunnel kiln for sintering. After preheating, high-temperature sintering and low-temperature finishing, the finished coal gangue hollow bricks are finally obtained.

[0012] Furthermore, the thickener added in S3 should be controlled within the range of 1%-3%.

[0013] Furthermore, the crushing, dust removal and iron removal of coal gangue in S1 includes the following implementation steps:

[0014] S11: Firstly, the gangue is roughly selected and pre-treated to remove large pieces of coal and impurities therein, and then the pre-treated gangue is sent to the crushing equipment for crushing, and the gangue is struck and impacted by a rotating hammer or an impact device to break it into smaller particles;

[0015] S12: During the crushing process, a large amount of dust and particulate matter generated is removed by dust removal equipment;

[0016] S13: During or after crushing, use a magnetic separator to remove iron;

[0017] S14: The coal gangue after crushing, dust removal and iron removal is sent to a mixer for mixing.

[0018] Furthermore, after the coal gangue is crushed in S11, the size of the coal gangue is uniform.

[0019] Furthermore, the implementation steps of crushing, screening and washing the metallurgical waste slag in S2 are as follows:

[0020] S21: The metallurgical waste slag contains large lumps, which are crushed by a crusher to ensure that the particle size of the metallurgical waste slag meets the requirements of brick production;

[0021] S22: The crushed metallurgical waste slag is screened and sorted through a vibrating screen to remove large particles and impurities, thereby obtaining purer metallurgical waste slag;

[0022] S23: The surface of the metallurgical waste slag may be adhered to some dust and impurities, which are washed by water;

[0023] S24: sending the metallurgical waste slag after crushing, screening and washing into a mixer for stirring.

[0024] Furthermore, the large particles generated by the filtration in S22 can be passed through a crusher for a second time for secondary crushing.

[0025] Furthermore, when the crushed metallurgical waste slag is washed with water in S23, multi-stage water washing is adopted.

[0026] Furthermore, in S1, the implementation steps of recycling and reusing mineral fibers are as follows:

[0027] S25: Sorting the recycled mineral wool waste;

[0028] S26: The classified mineral wool waste is roughly crushed into pieces of appropriate size using a double-shaft crusher or a triple-shaft crusher;

[0029] S27: crushing the mineral wool fragments obtained in the second step with an ultra-fine crusher to obtain mineral wool fibers;

[0030] S28: feeding the recycled mineral wool fibers into a mixer for mixing.

[0031] Furthermore, the size of the fragments after the mineral wool waste is crushed in S26 is 6*6 cm.

[0032] Furthermore, before extracting the mineral wool fibers in S27, the crushed mineral wool waste is screened to separate the particles into different sizes.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The invention proposes a preparation process of a lightweight and environmentally friendly coal gangue hollow brick. The coal gangue hollow brick is prepared from raw materials such as coal gangue, sand, cement, mineral wool fiber, metallurgical waste slag and thickener. The process uses metallurgical waste slag for preparation. Alumina, silicon dioxide, iron oxide, calcium oxide and the like contained in the coal gangue and the metallurgical waste slag react, such as aluminosilicate reaction, to generate aluminosilicate minerals. These minerals have high strength and stability, and can strengthen the structure of the hollow brick, thereby improving the strength of the hollow brick. Secondly, the process adds mineral wool fiber, and utilizes the thermal insulation properties of the mineral wool fiber to increase the thermal insulation properties of the hollow brick. Secondly, the sound insulation properties of the mineral wool fiber are utilized to help reduce noise and maintain a comfortable indoor temperature. In the process, the mineral wool fiber is extracted from mineral wool waste, which reduces production costs, reduces user usage costs, realizes resource recycling, reduces resource waste, and makes it more environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A component proportion diagram of a preparation process of a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow coal gangue brick of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 The present invention is a preparation flow chart of a preparation process of a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow coal gangue brick;

[0037] Figure 3 The present invention is a flow chart of preparing crushed gangue in a process for preparing lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow gangue bricks;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of preparing crushed metallurgical waste slag in a preparation process of a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow coal gangue brick of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 The present invention is a flow chart of the preparation of mineral wool fibers in the preparation process of a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow coal gangue brick;

[0040] Figure 6 Table 1 is the experimental data of thermal conductivity of hollow gangue bricks in the preparation process of a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow gangue brick of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 Table 2 is the experimental data table of thermal conductivity of hollow gangue bricks in the preparation process of a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow gangue brick of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In order to solve the problem that the existing preparation process of shale gangue fly ash sintered hollow bricks has poor thermal insulation effect and high production cost during use, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 7 , provide the following preferred technical solutions;

[0044] A lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow coal gangue brick is made by mixing coal gangue, sand, cement, mineral wool fiber and metallurgical waste slag, wherein the weight proportions of coal gangue are 40 parts; sand is 30 parts; cement is 18 parts; mineral wool fiber is 10 parts; and thickener is 2 parts.

[0045] Thickeners are usually made of some high molecular compounds. Common thickeners include cellulose, starch, polyacrylate, natural latex, etc.

[0046] In order to better demonstrate the hollow gangue brick, this embodiment provides another technical solution: a preparation process of a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow gangue brick, including the following implementation;

[0047] Step 1: Transport raw materials such as coal gangue, sand, cement, mineral wool fiber, metallurgical waste slag, etc. to the raw material processing plant. After being crushed by a crusher, they are screened using a drum screen or a vibrating screen to obtain powdered qualified materials;

[0048] Step 2: Use a mixer to mix the raw materials such as coal gangue, sand, cement, mineral wool fiber, metallurgical waste slag, etc. evenly, and continue stirring for 50 to 60 minutes;

[0049] Step 3: Mix the thickener and the mixture obtained in the second step, add appropriate amount of water and stir into a paste, then continue stirring for 20 to 30 minutes, and age in an aging bin;

[0050] Step 4: Stir the mixture obtained in the third step again for 30 to 40 minutes, then feed the stirred mixture into a molding machine to form a brick, and cure it at room temperature;

[0051] Step 5: Send the bricks to the drying room for drying, and then send them to the tunnel kiln for sintering. After preheating, high-temperature sintering and low-temperature finishing, the finished coal gangue hollow bricks are finally obtained.

[0052] The amount of thickener added in step 3 should be controlled within the range of 1%-3%.

[0053] The crushing, dust removal and iron removal of coal gangue in step 1 include the following implementations:

[0054] Step 11: First, the gangue is roughly selected and pre-treated to remove large pieces of coal and impurities, and then the pre-treated gangue is sent to the crushing equipment for crushing. The gangue is hit and impacted by a rotating hammer or impact device to break it into smaller particles, making it easier to mix with other raw materials;

[0055] Step 12: During the crushing process, a large amount of dust and particulate matter generated is removed by dust removal equipment. The dust removal equipment can effectively capture and remove the dust and particulate matter generated during the crushing process to ensure the cleanliness of the production environment and the health of the workers;

[0056] Step 13: During or after the crushing process, a magnetic separator is used to remove iron to adsorb and remove iron impurities in the gangue, thereby improving the purity and utilization rate of the gangue;

[0057] Step 14: Send the coal gangue after crushing, dust removal and iron removal into a mixer for mixing.

[0058] After the coal gangue is crushed in step 11, the particle size of the coal gangue is reduced so that the size of the coal gangue is uniform.

[0059] In step 2, the crushing, screening and washing of metallurgical waste slag are implemented as follows;

[0060] Step 21: The metallurgical waste slag contains large lumps, which are crushed by a crusher to ensure that the particle size of the metallurgical waste slag meets the requirements of brick production;

[0061] Step 22: The crushed metallurgical waste slag is screened and sorted through a vibrating screen to remove large particles and impurities therein, thereby obtaining a purer metallurgical waste slag;

[0062] Step 23: The surface of the metallurgical waste slag may be adhered to some dust and impurities, and the waste slag is washed by water to remove the impurities on the surface of the slag and improve its purity;

[0063] Step 24: Send the crushed, screened and washed metallurgical slag into a mixer for mixing, so that the metallurgical slag is evenly mixed with coal gangue, sand and cement to ensure the quality and performance of the brick body.

[0064] The large particles generated by the filtration in step 22 can be passed through a crusher for a second time for secondary crushing, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the metallurgical waste.

[0065] When the crushed metallurgical waste slag is washed with water in step 23, multi-stage washing is adopted.

[0066] In step 1, the recovery and reuse of mineral fibers is implemented as follows;

[0067] Step 25: Classify the recycled mineral wool waste, including distinguishing different types of mineral wool waste, such as different types of mineral wool boards, mineral wool pipes, etc.;

[0068] Step 26: The classified mineral wool waste is roughly crushed into pieces of appropriate size using a double-shaft crusher or a triple-shaft crusher;

[0069] Step 27: crushing the mineral wool fragments obtained in the second step with an ultra-fine crusher to obtain mineral wool fibers;

[0070] Step 28: Feed the recycled mineral wool fibers into a mixer for mixing.

[0071] In step 26, the mineral wool waste is crushed into pieces with a size of 6*6 cm.

[0072] Before extracting the mineral wool fiber in step 27, the crushed mineral wool waste is screened and the particles of different sizes are screened. The mineral wool fiber is a cotton-like short fiber made from a silicate melt, and has excellent properties such as low density, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, sound insulation, heat insulation, sound absorption, non-flammability, chemical stability and high mechanical strength. These characteristics of mineral wool fiber make it widely used in many fields. In the construction field, mineral wool fiber is mainly used for sound insulation and heat insulation. For example, mineral wool boards are used to make sound insulation walls and insulation layers, which help to reduce noise and maintain a comfortable indoor temperature. In addition, mineral wool fibers can also be used for ground sound insulation, roof insulation and pipe insulation, so the extracted mineral wool fibers can be mixed back into production to achieve resource reuse. In addition, the mineral wool waste can also be crushed and screened by a copper lock crusher to be divided into mineral wool fine aggregate and other components such as slag aggregate. Mineral wool fines can be used to make recycled blocks, while slag aggregates can be returned to the furnace for melting to achieve more comprehensive resource recovery and reuse. In addition, attention should be paid to environmental protection and safety management during the recycling process to ensure that the recycling process does not cause harm to the environment and personnel. Mineral wool fibers are extracted from mineral wool waste, which reduces production costs, reduces user costs, realizes resource reuse, reduces resource waste, and makes it more environmentally friendly.

[0073] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0074] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A preparation process for lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow gangue bricks. It is characterized in that The implementation steps include: S1: Raw materials such as coal gangue, sand, cement, mineral wool fiber, and metallurgical waste slag are transported to the raw material processing plant. After being crushed by a crusher, they are screened using a drum screen or a vibrating screen to obtain powdered qualified materials; S2: Use a mixer to mix the raw materials such as coal gangue, sand, cement, mineral wool fiber, metallurgical waste slag and the like evenly, and continue to stir for 50 to 60 minutes; S3: Mix the thickener and the mixture obtained in the second step, add appropriate amount of water and stir into a paste, then continue stirring for 20 to 30 minutes, and age in an aging bin; S4: stirring the mixture obtained in the third step again for 30 to 40 minutes, then feeding the stirred mixture into a molding machine to form a brick, and curing it at room temperature; S5: The bricks are sent to the drying room for drying, and then sent to the tunnel kiln for sintering. After preheating, high-temperature sintering and low-temperature finishing, the finished coal gangue hollow bricks are finally obtained.

2. A process for preparing a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow coal gangue brick according to claim 1, Features: The amount of thickener added to S3 should be controlled within the range of 1%-3%.

3. According to the preparation process of a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow coal gangue brick according to claim 1, Features: The crushing, dust removal and iron removal of coal gangue in S1 includes the following implementation steps: S11: Firstly, the gangue is roughly selected and pre-treated to remove large pieces of coal and impurities therein, and then the pre-treated gangue is sent to the crushing equipment for crushing, and the gangue is struck and impacted by a rotating hammer or an impact device to break it into smaller particles; S12: During the crushing process, a large amount of dust and particulate matter generated is removed by dust removal equipment; S13: During or after crushing, use a magnetic separator to remove iron; S14: The coal gangue after crushing, dust removal and iron removal is sent to a mixer for mixing.

4. A process for preparing a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow gangue brick according to claim 3, Features: After the coal gangue is crushed in S11, the size of the coal gangue is uniform.

5. A process for preparing a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow gangue brick according to claim 1, Features: In S1, the implementation steps of crushing, screening and washing the metallurgical waste slag are as follows; S21: The metallurgical waste slag contains large lumps, which are crushed by a crusher to ensure that the particle size of the metallurgical waste slag meets the requirements of brick production; S22: The crushed metallurgical waste slag is screened and sorted through a vibrating screen to remove large particles and impurities, thereby obtaining purer metallurgical waste slag; S23: The surface of the metallurgical waste slag may be adhered to some dust and impurities, which are washed by water; S24: sending the metallurgical waste slag after crushing, screening and washing into a mixer for stirring.

6. A process for preparing a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow gangue brick according to claim 5, Features: The large particles generated by the filtration in S22 can be passed through a crusher for a second time for secondary crushing.

7. A process for preparing a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow coal gangue brick according to claim 5, Features: When the crushed metallurgical waste slag is washed with water in S23, multi-stage water washing is adopted.

8. A process for preparing a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow gangue brick according to claim 1, It is characterized by: In S2, the implementation steps of recycling and reusing mineral fibers are as follows: S25: Sorting the recycled mineral wool waste; S26: coarsely crushing the classified mineral wool waste into pieces of appropriate size using a double-shaft crusher; S27: crushing the mineral wool fragments obtained in the second step with an ultra-fine crusher to obtain mineral wool fibers; S28: feeding the recycled mineral wool fibers into a mixer for mixing.

9. A process for preparing a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow coal gangue brick according to claim 8, Features: The size of the fragments after the mineral wool waste is crushed in S26 is 6*6 cm.

10. A process for preparing a lightweight and environmentally friendly hollow coal gangue brick according to claim 8, Features: Before extracting the mineral wool fibers in S27, the crushed mineral wool waste is screened to separate the particles into large and small particles.

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