High-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing lining structure of coal silo and preparation method of wear-resistant material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and relates to a wear-resistant material for reinforcing a high-performance ceramic-based coal silo lining structure and a preparation method of the wear-resistant material, the wear-resistant material comprises the following components: 42-56 wt% of a high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent, 41-57 wt% of composite aggregate and 1-3 wt% of a fiber component; the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 55 to 70 percent of high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder, 16 to 25 percent of composite phosphate and 14 to 20 percent of composite retarder. The wear-resistant material for reinforcing the high-performance ceramic-based coal silo lining structure prepared by the invention has the advantages of strong bonding capacity, strong salt corrosion resistance, strong impact resistance, strong wear resistance, strong high temperature resistance and the like, has strong bonding property with a coal silo lining concrete structure, and is simple in preparation process, convenient to use, energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and relates to a wear-resistant material for reinforcing the inner lining structure of a coal silo, in particular to a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the inner lining structure of a coal silo and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The coal silo structure has a high operating efficiency in the process of coal storage and transportation. At the same time, compared with the open-air storage of coal, the silo structure has the advantages of suppressing dust and protecting the environment. Due to its high efficiency and environmental protection advantages, domestic coal energy companies have successively built coal silo structures. The lining structure of the coal silo that has been built is mainly in the form of microcrystalline cement adhered to the rolled microcrystalline plate. Due to the high-frequency impact load, friction and temperature and humidity changes in the silo during coal storage and transportation, the microcrystalline cement fails and then causes the mechanical bonding force to decrease. The rolled microcrystalline plate adhered to the silo lining structure shows a large area of ​​​​falling off. The falling off of the rolled microcrystalline plate aggravates the damage of the silo lining structure during coal storage and transportation. The increase in the degree of damage further induces the overall safety of the silo structure, seriously affecting the service life of the silo structure. Therefore, strengthening the maintenance of the coal silo lining structure during service can effectively ensure the safety of the structure and extend the service life, which plays a great role in the operation efficiency of the coal silo structure in the port.

[0003] There are currently two types of repair schemes for fallen rolled microcrystalline panels: (1) Clean the fallen rolled microcrystalline panels in the silo lining structure and reapply microcrystalline glue to adhere the rolled microcrystalline panels; (2) Remove the large-area fallen rolled microcrystalline panels in the silo lining structure, treat the roughness of the lining structure surface, plant reinforcement on the surface, hang steel mesh, and finally coat the surface structure with high-strength wear-resistant material. The above repair scheme was investigated, evaluated and analyzed: (1) The area where the microcrystalline glue was re-applied to adhere to the rolled microcrystalline plate fell off again, and the periphery of the falling area was larger than the original repair area, and the rolled microcrystalline plate in the surrounding area was greatly disturbed; (2) The high-strength wear-resistant material did not fall off in the falling area, but a large amount of coal ash accumulated on the surface layer repaired by the high-strength wear-resistant material. The main reason is that the roughness of the high-strength wear-resistant material surface layer is greater than that of the rolled microcrystalline plate. The coal ash accumulated on the surface layer began to clump due to the influence of moisture, mineral composition, etc., which affected the normal falling of coal in the bin and caused the discharge port to be blocked in severe cases; (3) The performance of the high-strength wear-resistant material during construction was investigated and it was found that after the coating was completed, the coal ash accumulated on the surface layer began to clump. The high-strength wear-resistant surface layer showed fine cracks, and cracks appeared in the surface layer in serious areas. At the same time, a large number of "white spots" appeared on the back layer after repair. The main reason was that the amount of early strength agent in the high-strength wear-resistant material was too high, which accelerated the early hydration rate of the high-strength wear-resistant material. After the repair, the wear-resistant surface layer was limited by space and structural angles, and no maintenance measures were taken, resulting in cracks on the surface. At the same time, the large amount of early strength agent increased the amount of Ca(OH)2 hydration products generated, and Ca(OH)2 precipitated on the surface of the wear-resistant layer along the fine cracks. The Ca(OH)2 accumulated on the surface of the wear-resistant layer combined with CO2 in the air to form CaCO3 "white spots".

[0004] Based on the above investigation and analysis, coating the lining structure of coal silo with high-strength wear-resistant materials instead of the rolled microcrystalline board construction process can effectively reduce the risk of falling off and protect the lining structure. Its construction process is relatively feasible. Therefore, the performance of the high-strength wear-resistant materials themselves greatly restricts the service performance of the lining structure. The high-strength wear-resistant materials sold in the survey market are mainly cement-based. The main problems in the construction process of cement-based materials are: (1) The temperature and humidity have a great influence. The construction temperature is 5℃~35℃. Both low and high temperatures affect the hydration of cement-based materials, causing construction safety. When the humidity is low, the surface layer after construction is very easy to crack; (2) The silicate cement in the high-strength wear-resistant material has a long hydration and coagulation time, and most of them are mixed with early strength agents, which affects the later strength development of the wear-resistant material, reduces the impact resistance of the wear-resistant layer of the coated lining structure, and reduces the service life; (3) After the construction of cement-based high-strength wear-resistant materials, the roughness of the layer is greater than that of the original rolled microcrystalline board , which reduces its wear resistance; (4) The ability to resist sulfate crystallization and erosion in coal is poor. The hydration products of cement-based materials react with sulfates to generate products larger than the original volume, and cracks are generated inside the hydration products. The continuous reaction of sulfates and hydration products of cement-based materials reduces the gelling properties of the wear-resistant material, affecting the service life of the wear-resistant layer; (5) Poor high temperature resistance. The hydration products of cement-based materials can withstand a temperature of 85°C, and the spontaneous combustion temperature of coal is naturally above 300°C. When the coal in the silo spontaneously ignites, the hydration products in the wear-resistant layer of the cement-based material decompose under the action of high temperature, and the gelling properties decrease accordingly, which seriously affects the service life of the wear-resistant layer.

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the construction and service of the above-mentioned cement-based high-strength wear-resistant materials, the development of a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for strengthening the lining structure of coal silos has broad application prospects. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo and a preparation method thereof. The wear-resistant material has the advantages of strong bonding ability, strong resistance to salt corrosion, strong impact resistance, strong wear resistance, and strong high temperature resistance. The preparation process is simple, the use is convenient, and the energy saving and environmental protection are achieved.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] On the one hand, the present invention provides a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo, which contains the following components and mass percentages:

[0009] High performance ceramic based gelling agent 42~56wt%,

[0010] Composite aggregate 41~57wt%

[0011] Fiber component 1~3wt%,

[0012] The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%;

[0013] The components and mass percentages of the high performance ceramic-based gelling agent are as follows:

[0014] High-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder 55-70wt%;

[0015] Composite phosphate 16-25wt%;

[0016] Composite retarder 14-20wt%;

[0017] The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%;

[0018] The components and mass percentages of the high performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder are as follows:

[0019] Overburned magnesium oxide 56-72wt%;

[0020] Steel slag powder 14-20wt%;

[0021] Illite powder 10-15wt%;

[0022] Silica fume 3-9wt%;

[0023] The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%;

[0024] The components and mass percentages of the composite phosphate are as follows:

[0025] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 22-35wt%;

[0026] Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 24-38wt%;

[0027] Aluminum dihydrogen phosphate 9-22wt%;

[0028] Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 8-15wt%;

[0029] Diammonium hydrogen phosphate 11-16wt%;

[0030] The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%;

[0031] The components and mass percentages of the composite retarder are as follows:

[0032] Borax 56-72wt%;

[0033] Calcium acetate 12-18 wt%;

[0034] Tartaric acid 10-15wt%;

[0035] Sodium silicate 6-11wt%;

[0036] The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%;

[0037] The components and mass percentages of the composite aggregate are as follows:

[0038] Diamond 36-54wt%;

[0039] Rubber particles 14-20wt%;

[0040] Graphite tailings 6-11wt%;

[0041] White corundum sand 26-35wt%;

[0042] The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%.

[0043] The components and mass percentages of the composite fiber are as follows:

[0044] Steel fiber 32-44wt%;

[0045] Polyvinyl alcohol fiber 28-48wt%;

[0046] Glass fiber 20-28wt%;

[0047] The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%.

[0048] The high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent is prepared by mixing high-performance ceramic-based powder, composite phosphate and composite retarder in proportion and then evenly blending them. Its gelling mechanism belongs to chemical reaction, and through the combination of chemical bonds, a high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent with smooth ceramic characteristics and strong bonding properties is generated. High-performance ceramic-based powders include overburned magnesium oxide, steel slag powder, illite powder, and silica fume. The struvite, k-struvite, and magnesium-aluminum phosphate products generated by the hydration of overburned magnesium oxide and acidic phosphates (potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate) in the composite phosphate are the key to ensuring strength development, but their water resistance and corrosion resistance are slightly weak. Steel slag powder, illite powder, and silica fume can react with acidic phosphates to generate phosphate metal hydration products, which improve the microstructure density while increasing water resistance and corrosion resistance. Composite phosphates are obtained by compounding acidic phosphates and alkaline phosphates (potassium hydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate). The phosphate (struvite, k-struvite, magnesium-aluminum phosphate products, and phosphate metal hydration products) hydration products are extremely unstable in acidic solutions. The addition of alkaline phosphates stabilizes the phosphate hydration products on the one hand, and on the other hand, the Ca at the interface between acidic and alkaline phosphates and the concrete structure of the silo lining 2+ Combined to form calcium phosphate hydration products, improving the bonding ability between high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials and the concrete structure interface.

[0049] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo, comprising the following steps:

[0050] (1) Preparation of composite phosphate and composite retarder: potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate are weighed according to the mass percentage, and are uniformly mixed to obtain composite phosphate. Borax, calcium acetate, tartaric acid, and sodium silicate are placed in a mixer and fully mixed with the above composite phosphate to obtain a molten composite crystal mixture. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate are the main acidic components of gelling. Aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is easily soluble in water and forms a viscous liquid after being dissolved in water. It solidifies at room temperature and has strong chemical bonding ability. It has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, earthquake resistance, peeling resistance, high temperature air flow erosion resistance, and strong infrared absorption ability. Alkaline phosphates (dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate) stabilize phosphate hydration products on the one hand, and on the other hand, phosphate hydration products can react with Ca at the interface of the silo lining concrete structure. 2+ Combined to form calcium phosphate hydration products, improve the bonding ability between high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials and concrete structure interface. Calcium acetate, tartaric acid and sodium silicate are added to the composite retarder. The addition of calcium acetate and tartaric acid is mainly to control the hydration process of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials. The pH value of calcium acetate and tartaric acid after being dissolved in water is lower than 7.0, which has a retarding effect. At the same time, sodium silicate reacts with calcium acetate to form calcium-silica products, which increases the decomposition rate of calcium acetate and reduces the pH value of the reaction solution. On the one hand, it reduces the chemical reaction process of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials, and on the other hand, it "activates" the concrete surface layer of the coal silo lining to produce free Ca 2+ , generating calcium-silicon and calcium-phosphate hydration products, improving the bonding ability between the wear-resistant material and the lining structure concrete surface layer. The composite retarder mainly reduces the hydration reaction rate in high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials, providing sufficient time for the hydration products to be closely stacked and overlapped with each other;

[0051] (2) Preparation of high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder: overburned magnesium oxide, steel slag powder, illite powder, and silica fume are weighed and uniformly mixed according to the mass percentage to obtain high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder; struvite, k-struvite, and magnesium aluminum phosphate products generated by hydration of overburned magnesium oxide and acidic phosphates (potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate) in composite phosphates are the key to ensuring strength development, but their water resistance and corrosion resistance are slightly weak. Steel slag powder, illite powder, and silica fume can react with acidic phosphates to generate phosphate metal hydration products, thereby improving microstructure density while increasing water resistance and corrosion resistance;

[0052] (3) Preparation of composite aggregate: according to the mass percentage, corundum, rubber particles, graphite tailings sand, and white corundum sand are weighed and fully mixed to obtain composite aggregate. Corundum, graphite tailings sand, and white corundum sand have both high strength and wear resistance physical properties. Graphite tailings sand is a solid waste. Efficient and reasonable use can improve material strength and reduce environmental pollution. Rubber particles are obtained by grinding waste tires and can effectively improve the stiffness of high-strength materials, absorb the impact energy of coal falling during the service of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials, and increase the impact resistance of the wear-resistant layer.

[0053] (4) Preparation of fiber components: According to the mass percentage, steel fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and glass fibers are weighed and uniformly mixed to obtain fiber components. The addition of fiber components can reduce the risk of cracking during the construction of wear-resistant materials. The addition of short-distributed steel fibers can effectively improve the impact resistance of wear-resistant materials. Polyvinyl alcohol fibers can enhance the impact resistance and seismic resistance of wear-resistant materials, reduce the brittleness of materials and increase toughness. The addition of glass fibers can, on the one hand, assist rubber particles in enhancing the toughness of rubber particles, and on the other hand, enhance strength and wear resistance, and improve the anti-seepage and anti-cracking properties of wear-resistant materials after coagulation and hardening.

[0054] (5) Preparation of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silo and its preparation method: according to the mass percentage, the composite phosphate and the composite retarder are put into an adjustable speed mixer, and stirred at a speed of 30 to 45 r / min until they are melted. During this period, a small amount of water is added to increase the fluidity of the composite crystals and stir evenly. During this period, water is added to make the composite crystals viscous. After stirring for 1 to 2 minutes, the stirring is stopped, and the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder is added. The mixture is stirred evenly at a speed of 60 to 80 r / min to obtain a high-performance Ceramic-based gelling agent; after stirring for 1 to 2 minutes, add composite aggregate, stir at a speed of 60 to 80 r / min for 2 minutes, then manually throw the fiber component into the mixed mortar, and after the fiber throwing is completed, stir at 80 to 120 r / min for 3 minutes. During this period, add water to adjust the fluidity of the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material until it meets the coating fluidity requirements during the on-site coal silo lining structure reinforcement construction, and adjust the fluidity of the wear-resistant material to 140 to 170 mm to obtain a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for coal silo lining structure reinforcement.

[0055] Furthermore, the mass fraction of the overburned magnesium oxide powder is ≥90wt%, and the specific surface area is 300-400m 2 / kg, which fully considers the constructability of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials in the reinforcement of coal silo lining structures. The hydrated crystal phase of magnesium phosphates (struvite, k-struvite and magnesium aluminum phosphate materials) generated by low mass fractions is reduced, affecting the strength of wear-resistant materials. The specific surface area mainly measures the Mg content in the reaction process. 2+The dissolution rate of this type of reinforced wear-resistant material is higher than that of other types of phosphate cementitious materials in order to ensure the development of early strength. However, when the specific surface area is higher than 400m 2 / kgMg 2+ The dissolution rate is too fast, which is not conducive to on-site construction and hardening of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials. However, when the specific surface area is less than 300m 2 / kgMg 2+ The dissolution rate decreases and the early strength decreases.

[0056] Furthermore, the steel slag powder is composed of steel slag powder with a mass ratio of 3:5:2, namely, steel slag powder with a fineness of 80-100 mesh, steel slag powder with a fineness of 100-200 mesh, and steel slag powder with a fineness of 200-300 mesh. The steel slag powder contains C3S, C2S, RO phase, and ferroaluminate, etc., which have high wear resistance. When added to high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials, the wear resistance and impermeability are effectively improved. The main reasons for selecting a combination of steel slag powders with particle sizes of 80-100 mesh, 100-200 mesh, and 200-300 mesh are: first, continuous aggregation is formed inside the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials, thereby enhancing the density of the cross-section of the hardened slurry of the wear-resistant materials; second, the shrinkage rate of the wear-resistant materials during coagulation and hardening is reduced.

[0057] Furthermore, the illite powder has a mass fraction of ≥95% and a fineness of 300-400 meshes. The illite powder has a flaky microstructure and is filled between the flaky hydration products MgNH4PO4·6H2O (struvite) to improve the microstructure density. The addition of illite powder is beneficial to improving the wear resistance, heat resistance, water resistance, corrosion resistance, and acid and alkali resistance of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials, while enhancing the plasticity of rubber particles in the composite aggregate and improving the impact resistance of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials during the service of the silo lining structure. The fineness of 300-400 meshes is selected to adjust the k + The dissolution rate controls the amount of MgKPO4·6H2O generated in the early stage of the hydration process.

[0058] Furthermore, the mass fraction of silicon dioxide in the silica ash is ≥92wt%, the particle size of which is less than 1μm accounts for 80%, the average particle size is 0.1-0.3μm, and the specific surface area is 20-28m 2 / g. The microstructure of silica fume is distributed in nanometer-scale spherical particles, which can adjust the fluidity of wear-resistant slurry and improve the distribution of microstructure pore size. At the same time, adding silica fume to high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials can improve the compressive strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, etc. of hardened slurry. The average particle size is selected to be 0.1-0.3μm and the specific surface area is 20-28m 2 / g. On the one hand, silica fume with small and medium particle size distribution can adjust the pore size distribution of the slurry and improve the strength of the wear-resistant hardened slurry. On the other hand, the silica fume particles at this particle size have strong activity. The ternary admixture of slag powder-illite powder-silica fume generates calcium silicate and aluminum silicate products under the action of sodium silicate, which improves the weakness of struvite and K-struvite in terms of poor water resistance and enhances the sulfate erosion resistance of the wear-resistant hardened slurry.

[0059] Furthermore, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is of industrial grade, with a mass fraction of potassium dihydrogen phosphate ≥99wt%; the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is of industrial grade, with a mass fraction of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate ≥98wt%; the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is of chemical analysis grade, with a mass fraction of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate ≥99wt%; the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is of industrial grade, with a mass fraction of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate ≥98wt%; and the diammonium hydrogen phosphate is of industrial grade, with a mass fraction of diammonium hydrogen phosphate ≥99wt%.

[0060] Furthermore, the borax is industrial grade, wherein Na2B4O7≥95%; the calcium acetate is chemically pure, wherein Ca(CH3COO)2·H2O≥98%; the tartaric acid is chemically pure, wherein the mass fraction of tartaric acid is ≥99.5%; the sodium silicate is industrial grade, wherein the modulus is 2.0. Excessive addition of borax will reduce the strength of the wear-resistant material.

[0061] Furthermore, the SiC mass fraction in the corundum is ≥98%, and the particle size is 36 mesh to 60 mesh. The corundum mainly exists in the form of SiC inorganic matter, and has the advantages of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high strength, etc. It can significantly improve the compressive strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance in high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials. The particle size is selected to be 36 mesh to 60 mesh to form a continuous grading inside the wear-resistant material, improve the aggregate distribution at the interface of the hardened mortar, and obtain a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material with high strength and excellent wear resistance.

[0062] Furthermore, the rubber particles are derived from waste tires, with a particle size of 60 to 150 meshes, wherein (60 to 80 meshes): (80 to 150 meshes) = 7:3. Rubber particles have the characteristics of both impermeability and wear resistance. When used in high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials, they can improve the impermeability and wear resistance of the wear-resistant layer after the reinforcement of the lining structure of the coal silo. At the same time, the addition of rubber particles can improve the stiffness of high-strength wear-resistant materials. During the service of the reinforced wear-resistant layer, the impact energy of the lining structure during the falling of coal can be absorbed, thereby increasing the impact resistance of the wear-resistant layer and extending the service life of the wear-resistant layer after reinforcement and repair. The rubber particle size of 60 to 150 meshes, (60 to 80 meshes): (80 to 150 meshes) = 7:3 is selected mainly because the particle size range of corundum, graphite tailings sand, and white corundum sand is matched to form a continuous gradation inside the wear-resistant material to achieve the purpose of high strength and wear resistance.

[0063] Furthermore, the graphite tailings are derived from solid waste and have a particle size of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm. The application of graphite tailings in high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials can enhance the strength of the hardened slurry. The selection of the particle size range of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm is mainly because the strength of the hardened slurry is best developed within this particle size range, that is, a continuous gradation is formed inside the hardened slurry of the wear-resistant material to enhance the strength. At the same time, the engineering application of graphite tailings is beneficial to the rational utilization of solid waste and reduces environmental pollution.

[0064] Furthermore, the mass fraction of Al2O3 in the white corundum sand is ≥99%, and the particle size is 60 mesh to 100 mesh. The white corundum sand has the characteristics of high hardness, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, good toughness, etc. It can be used as aggregate filled in high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials to improve the strength, impact resistance, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, and salt corrosion resistance of the hardened wear-resistant materials. The particle size of 60 mesh to 100 mesh is mainly selected to form a continuous gradation inside the wear-resistant material with corundum, rubber particles, and graphite tailings sand to achieve the purposes of high strength, wear resistance, impact resistance, salt corrosion resistance, and impact resistance.

[0065] Furthermore, the steel fiber is a short-direction steel fiber with a length of 10 to 20 mm. Adding fibers to high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials can reduce the generation and development of cracks in the wear-resistant layer after reinforcement, and improve compressive strength and impact resistance. The reason for selecting a length of 10 to 20 mm is that the thickness of the reinforced wear-resistant layer of the coal silo lining structure is about 40 mm. The fibers are randomly distributed in the wear-resistant material, and excessively long fibers affect coating during construction. At the same time, the vertical distribution of excessively long fibers and the leakage of fibers after hardening of the material are avoided, which affects the development of strength and impact resistance.

[0066] Furthermore, the polyvinyl alcohol fiber has a length of 3mm to 18mm and an equivalent diameter of 15 to 31μm. Adding polyvinyl alcohol fiber to high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials can reduce the generation and development of cracks in the wear-resistant layer after reinforcement, and improve the impermeability, impact resistance and wear resistance of the hardened material. The length of 3mm to 18mm is selected to avoid the fiber being too long during the construction process and being pulled out after coagulation and hardening, which affects the development of impermeability, impact resistance and wear resistance.

[0067] Furthermore, the glass fiber is also called glass fiber powder, and has an average length of 30.0-50.0 μm. The main functions of glass fiber on high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials are: first, to assist rubber particles in enhancing the toughness of rubber particles and improving the impact resistance of the wear-resistant layer; second, to improve the strength, wear resistance, anti-seepage and crack resistance of the wear-resistant material after coagulation and hardening; the average length of 30.0-50.0 μm is selected. On the one hand, this length range is effectively filled with steel fibers and polyvinyl alcohol fibers in the fiber components of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials, which play a role in crack resistance, anti-seepage and wear resistance. On the other hand, this length is cheap and easy to obtain on the market, and the source of raw materials is wide.

[0068] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0069] (1) Strong bonding ability. The high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of the coal silo prepared by the present invention is prepared by mixing a high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent, a composite aggregate, and a fiber component in proportion, wherein the composite phosphate in the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent is obtained by compounding an acidic phosphate (potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate) and an alkaline phosphate (dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate). The main purpose of selecting acidic and alkaline phosphates is to ensure the stability of the crystal phase of the phosphate products generated by hydration, and to ensure the development of strength and later durability. The lining of the coal silo is a reinforced concrete structure, and the hydration product of the concrete is mainly Ca(OH)2, which reacts chemically with the composite phosphate to generate calcium phosphate hydration products that are embedded in the hydrated crystal phase of the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material and the hydrated crystal phase of the original concrete structure, thereby forming a strong bonding force, and the wear-resistant layer coated with the ceramic-based wear-resistant material is firmly adhered to the reinforced concrete structure of the lining of the coal silo. Aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is easily soluble in water and solidifies at room temperature. After solidification, it has strong bonding ability with the lining concrete surface layer and has the characteristics of earthquake resistance and spalling resistance. The pH value of the aqueous solution of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate is less than 7.0. Adding them into high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials reduces the pH value of the reaction slurry, delays the chemical reaction process of the slurry, and provides time for the mutual overlap of the early hydration product crystal phase. At the same time, the weakly acidic reaction slurry "activates" the lining concrete surface layer and accelerates the Ca 2+ Dissolution, HPO4 dissolved from dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate 2 -With Ca 2+ The reaction generates CaHPO4, which further enhances the bonding ability between the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material and the concrete surface layer of the coal silo lining.

[0070] (2) Strong resistance to salt corrosion. The high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silos prepared by the present invention has the characteristics of resistance to salt corrosion. The main reasons are: 1. The struvite, K-struvite, aluminum-magnesium phosphate materials generated by hydration under the joint action of powder, phosphate and composite retarder in the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent, and the calcium silicate and aluminum double silicate products generated by the ternary mineral admixture of steel slag powder-illite powder-silica fume in an alkaline + sodium silicate environment. These two types of hydration products do not react with sulfates and chlorides to destroy the original There is a volume of microstructured hydrated crystal phase, and the two types of hydration products fill each other, which improves the density of the hardened slurry and further reduces the damage of sulfates and chloride salts. Therefore, the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent has strong resistance to salt corrosion; second, the composite aggregates in the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials are selected from corundum and white corundum sand, which have strong corrosion resistance. At the same time, the particle size selected in the composite aggregate forms a continuous grading inside the wear-resistant material, forming a chemical bond with the phosphate, so that the hardened mortar achieves the purposes of high strength and strong resistance to salt corrosion.

[0071] (3) Strong impact resistance and wear resistance. The main reasons why the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silos prepared by the present invention has both impact resistance and wear resistance are: 1. The composite aggregates in the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material are simultaneously selected from corundum, rubber particles, graphite tailings sand, and white corundum sand, among which corundum and white corundum sand have strong wear resistance, and rubber particles have both wear resistance and impact resistance. The four composite aggregates can form chemical bonds with (phosphate), and their particle sizes are different, forming a continuous grading inside the wear-resistant material, and the combined filling makes the hardened wear-resistant material have both impact resistance and wear resistance; 2. High-performance ceramic The fiber components in the base wear-resistant material are short steel fibers with a length of 10 to 20 mm, polyvinyl alcohol fibers with a length of 3 mm to 18 mm, and glass fibers with an average length of 30.0 to 50.0 μm. After the short steel fibers and polyvinyl alcohol fibers are added to the wear-resistant material, the generation and development of cracks in the reinforced wear-resistant layer are effectively reduced. The glass fibers are filled between the steel fibers and the polyvinyl alcohol fibers. The three work synergistically to enhance the toughness of the rubber particles and the strength, impermeability and wear resistance of the wear-resistant material. The selection of the three types of fiber components synergistically improves the impact resistance and wear resistance of the hardened material.

[0072] (4) Strong high temperature resistance. The high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silos prepared by the present invention has high temperature resistance. The main reasons are: 1. The high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder is selected from overburned magnesium oxide powder, steel slag powder, and silica fume. The calcination temperature of the formed powder is relatively high. It can effectively resist high temperature damage when filled in the gelling agent as powder. At the same time, the struvite, K-struvite, and aluminum magnesium phosphate products generated by hydration with composite phosphate have high decomposition temperatures. The simultaneous action of the two enhances the high temperature resistance of the material prepared by the present invention. 2. The ternary mineral admixture of steel slag powder-illite powder-silica fume in the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder generates calcium in the alkaline environment + sodium silicate during the hydration process. The products of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials are silicates and aluminum-based double silicates. The decomposition temperature of this type of hydration product is relatively high, which ensures the high temperature resistance of the material; third, the composite aggregates in the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials are simultaneously selected from corundum, white corundum sand, rubber particles, and graphite tailings sand to form a continuous gradation inside the wear-resistant materials, which work synergistically to absorb the impact energy of coal falling during the service of the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials, thereby improving the high strength and high temperature resistance of the hardened wear-resistant materials; fourth, the dialuminum phosphate in the high-performance ceramic-based composite phosphate is easily soluble in water during the hydration process and solidifies at room temperature. It has strong chemical bonding and is resistant to high temperature, vibration, peeling, and high temperature airflow.

[0073] In summary, the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo prepared by the present invention has the advantages of strong bonding ability, strong resistance to salt corrosion, strong impact resistance, strong wear resistance, and strong high temperature resistance. It has strong bonding with the concrete structure of the lining of the coal silo, a simple preparation process, easy use, energy saving and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] Figure 1 This is a process diagram for preparing the wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of the high-performance ceramic-based coal silo according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] according to Figure 1 The process of preparing a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo can be divided into four stages: the first stage is the preparation of composite phosphates and composite retarders, the second stage is the preparation of high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder, the third stage is the preparation of composite aggregates, the fourth stage is the preparation of fiber components, and the fifth stage is the preparation of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silos.

[0076] The above scheme is further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are used to illustrate the present invention but not to limit the scope of the present invention. The implementation conditions adopted in the examples can be further adjusted according to specific construction conditions, and the implementation conditions not specified are usually the conditions in conventional experiments.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] A high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo, comprising the following components and mass percentages:

[0079] High performance ceramic-based gelling agent 50.0wt%, composite aggregate 48.0wt%, fiber component 2.0wt%.

[0080] The components and mass percentages of the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent are as follows: 62.0 wt% of high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder, 20.0 wt% of composite phosphate, and 18.0 wt% of composite retarder.

[0081] The components and mass percentages of the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder are as follows: 65.0wt% of overburned magnesia, 18.0wt% of steel slag powder, 11.0wt% of illite powder, and 6.0wt% of silica fume. The mass fraction of the overburned magnesia powder is 92wt%, and the specific surface area of ​​the overburned magnesia powder is 350m 2 / kg; the fineness of the steel slag powder is 80 mesh to 300 mesh, wherein (80 mesh to 100 mesh): (100 mesh to 200 mesh): (200 mesh to 300 mesh) = 3:5:2; the mass fraction of the illite powder is 95%, and the fineness is 300 to 400 mesh; the SiO2 in the silica ash accounts for 92wt%, the average particle size is 0.1 to 0.3μm, and the specific surface area is 20 to 28m 2 / g.

[0082] The components and mass percentages of the composite phosphate are as follows: 30.0wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30.0wt% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 18.0wt% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 10.0wt% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and 12.0wt% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate. The potassium dihydrogen phosphate is industrial grade, with a mass fraction of 99wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is industrial grade, with a mass fraction of 98wt% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is chemically pure, with a mass fraction of 99wt% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate; the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is industrial grade, with a mass fraction of 98wt% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate; and the diammonium hydrogen phosphate is industrial grade, with a mass fraction of 99wt% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate.

[0083] The composite retarder contains the following components and mass percentages: 62.0wt% borax, 16.0wt% calcium acetate, 13.0wt% tartaric acid, and 9.0wt% sodium silicate. The borax is industrial grade, wherein the mass fraction of Na2B4O7 is 95%; the calcium acetate is chemically pure, wherein the mass fraction of Ca(CH3COO)2·H2O is 98%; the tartaric acid is chemically pure, wherein the mass fraction of tartaric acid is 99.5%; and the sodium silicate is industrial grade, with a modulus of 2.0.

[0084] The composite aggregate contains the following components and mass percentages: 43.0wt% corundum, 18.0wt% rubber particles, 9.0wt% graphite tailings, and 30.0wt% white corundum. The mass fraction of SiC in the corundum is 98%, and the particle size is 36-60 meshes; the rubber particles come from waste tires, and the particle size is 60-150 meshes, wherein (60-80 meshes): (80-150 meshes)=7:3; the graphite tailings come from solid waste, and the particle size is 0.3mm-0.5mm; the mass fraction of Al2O3 in the white corundum is 99%, and the particle size is 60-100 meshes.

[0085] The fiber component contains the following components and mass percentages: 38.0wt% steel fiber, 36.0wt% polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and 26.0wt% glass fiber. The steel fiber is a short steel fiber with a length of 10-20mm; the polyvinyl alcohol fiber has a length of 3mm-18mm and an equivalent diameter of 15-31μm; the glass fiber is also called glass fiber powder, with an average length of 30.0-50.0μm.

[0086] The preparation method of the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of the coal silo is as follows:

[0087] (1) Preparation of composite phosphate and composite retarder: According to 30.0wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30.0wt% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 18.0wt% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 10.0wt% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 12.0wt% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, weigh potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and then mix them evenly to obtain composite phosphate; according to 62.0wt% of borax, 16.0wt% of calcium acetate, 13.0wt% of tartaric acid and 9.0wt% of sodium silicate, weigh borax, calcium acetate, tartaric acid and sodium silicate, and then place the composite phosphate and the composite retarder in a blender and mix them thoroughly to obtain a molten composite crystal mixture.

[0088] (2) Preparation of high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder: According to the mass percentages, 65.0 wt% of overburned magnesium oxide, 18.0 wt% of steel slag powder, 11.0 wt% of illite powder, and 6.0 wt% of silica fume were weighed and uniformly mixed to obtain a high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder;

[0089] (3) Preparation of composite aggregate: According to 43.0 wt% of corundum, 18.0 wt% of rubber particles, 9.0 wt% of graphite tailings sand, and 30.0 wt% of white corundum sand, corundum, rubber particles, graphite tailings sand, and white corundum sand were weighed and fully mixed to obtain composite aggregate;

[0090] (4) Preparation of fiber components: According to 38.0 wt% of steel fiber, 36.0 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol fiber and 26.0 wt% of glass fiber, steel fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and glass fiber are weighed and uniformly mixed to obtain a fiber component.

[0091] (5) Preparation method of high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silo: according to 30.0wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30.0wt% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 18.0wt% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 10.0wt% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 12.0wt% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 62.0wt% of borax, 16.0wt% of calcium acetate, 13.0wt% of tartaric acid, and 9.0wt% of sodium silicate, put the composite phosphate and composite retarder into an adjustable speed mixer, stir at a speed of 35r / min until they are melted, add a small amount of water during the process to increase the fluidity of the composite crystals, stop stirring after stirring for 2min, add high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder, and stir at a speed of 65r / min for 2min. min to obtain a high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent; according to 50.0wt% of high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent, 48.0wt% of composite aggregate and 2.0wt% of fiber component, when the high-performance ceramic-based gelling binder is in a flowing slurry state, the composite aggregate is added, and it is stirred at a speed of 65r / min for 2min, and then the fiber component is manually thrown into the mixed mortar, and after the fiber throwing is completed, it is stirred at 85r / min for 3min. During this period, water is added to adjust the fluidity of the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material until it meets the coating fluidity requirements during the on-site coal silo lining structure reinforcement construction, and the fluidity of the wear-resistant material is adjusted to 140-170mm, so as to obtain a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for strengthening the coal silo lining structure and a preparation method thereof.

[0092] How to use

[0093] The reinforced concrete structure of the coal silo lining is used as the base, which is cleaned and roughened, and the high-performance ceramic-based coal silo lining structure reinforcement wear-resistant material and its preparation method prepared in Example 1 are evenly coated on the treated silo lining reinforced concrete structure base, and cured under natural conditions for more than 28 days.

[0094] According to "Cement-based wear-resistant materials for industrial structures" JG / T270-2010, "Test method for resistance of cement to sulfate attack" GB / T749-2008, and "Test method for basic properties of building mortar" JGJ70-2009, the high temperature resistance test is the ratio of the compressive strength of the specimen placed at 200°C after 28 days of age to the compressive strength of the specimen placed at room temperature for 28 days. The basic properties of the high-performance ceramic-based coal silo lining structure reinforcement wear-resistant material prepared in Example 1 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0095] Table 1 Performance of high performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silo prepared in Example 1

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] Example 2

[0099] A high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo, comprising the following components and mass percentages:

[0100] High performance ceramic-based gelling agent 45.0wt%, composite aggregate 53.0wt%, fiber component 2.0wt%.

[0101] The components and mass percentages of the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent are as follows: 59.0 wt% of high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder, 24.0 wt% of composite phosphate, and 17.0 wt% of composite retarder.

[0102] The components and mass percentages of the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder are as follows: 63.0wt% of overburned magnesia, 15.0wt% of steel slag powder, 14.0wt% of illite powder, and 8.0wt% of silica fume. The mass fraction of the overburned magnesia powder is 92wt%, and the specific surface area of ​​the overburned magnesia powder is 350m 2 / kg; the steel slag powder, illite powder and silica fume are the same as those in Example 1.

[0103] The components and mass percentages of the composite phosphate are as follows: 26.0wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 33.0wt% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 11.0wt% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 14.0wt% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and 16.0wt% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate. The potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate are the same as those in Example 1.

[0104] The composite retarder contains the following components and weight percentages: 58.0 wt% borax, 18.0 wt% calcium acetate, 14.0 wt% tartaric acid, and 10.0 wt% sodium silicate. The borax, calcium acetate, tartaric acid, and sodium silicate are the same as those in Example 1.

[0105] The composite aggregate contains the following components and mass percentages: 38.0 wt% corundum, 18.0 wt% rubber particles, 10.0 wt% graphite tailings, and 34.0 wt% white corundum. The corundum, rubber particles, graphite tailings, and white corundum are the same as those in Example 1.

[0106] The fiber component contains the following components and mass percentages: 34.0 wt% steel fiber, 46.0 wt% polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and 22.0 wt% glass fiber. The steel fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and glass fiber are the same as those in Example 1.

[0107] The preparation method and use method of a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo in Example 2 are the same as those in Example 1.

[0108] According to "Cement-based wear-resistant materials for industrial structures" JG / T270-2010, "Test method for resistance of cement to sulfate attack" GB / T749-2008, and "Test method for basic properties of building mortar" JGJ70-2009, the high temperature resistance test is the ratio of the compressive strength of the specimen after 28 days at 200°C to the compressive strength at room temperature for 28 days. The basic properties of a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo in Example 1 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0109] Table 2 Performance of high performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silo prepared in Example 2

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] Example 3

[0113] A high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo contains the following components and mass fractions: 55.0 wt% of a high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent, 43.0 wt% of a composite aggregate, and 2.0 wt% of a fiber component.

[0114] The components and mass percentages of the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent are as follows: 64.0 wt% of high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder, 17.0 wt% of composite phosphate, and 19.0 wt% of composite retarder.

[0115] The components and mass percentages of the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder are as follows: 68.0wt% of overburned magnesium oxide, 14.0wt% of steel slag powder, 13.0wt% of illite powder, and 5.0wt% of silica fume. The steel slag powder, illite powder, and silica fume are the same as those in Example 1.

[0116] The components and mass percentages of the composite phosphate are: 32.0wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 28.0wt% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 20.0wt% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 8.0wt% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and 12.0wt% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate. The potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate are the same as those in Example 1.

[0117] The composite retarder contains the following components and weight percentages: 65.0 wt% borax, 15.0 wt% calcium acetate, 14.0 wt% tartaric acid, and 6.0 wt% sodium silicate. The borax, calcium acetate, tartaric acid, and sodium silicate are the same as those in Example 1.

[0118] The components and mass percentages of the composite aggregate are: 50.0wt% corundum, 15.0wt% rubber particles, 7.0wt% graphite tailings, and 28.0wt% white corundum. The corundum, rubber particles, graphite tailings, and white corundum are the same as those in Example 1.

[0119] The fiber component contains the following components and mass percentages: 42.0 wt% steel fiber, 30.0 wt% polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and 28.0 wt% glass fiber. The steel fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and glass fiber are the same as those in Example 1.

[0120] The preparation method and use method of the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of the coal silo in Example 3 are the same as those in Example 1.

[0121] According to "Cement-based wear-resistant materials for industrial structures" JG / T270-2010, "Test method for resistance of cement to sulfate attack" GB / T749-2008, and "Test method for basic properties of building mortar" JGJ70-2009, the high temperature resistance test is the ratio of the compressive strength of the specimen after 28 days at 200°C to the compressive strength at room temperature for 28 days. The basic properties of a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo in Example 1 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0122] Table 3 Performance of high performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silo prepared in Example 3

[0123]

[0124] In summary of the above embodiments, the various technical indicators of a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo prepared by the preparation method of the present invention and its preparation method all meet the standards, and the table fluidity, wear loss, compressive strength, impact strength, crack resistance and other aspects all meet the performance requirements of "Cement-based Wear-Resistant Materials for Industrial Structures" JG / T270-2010 for wear-resistant materials.

[0125] Comparative Example 1

[0126] The only difference from Example 1 is that the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder contains 71.0wt% of overburned magnesia, 17.0wt% of illite powder, and 12.0wt% of silica fume; steel slag is not used, and other treatments and proportions are consistent with Example 1.

[0127] Comparative Example 2

[0128] The only difference from Example 1 is that the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder contains 69.0wt% of overburned magnesia, 22.0wt% of steel slag powder, and 9.0wt% of silica fume, and no illite powder is used. Other treatments and proportions are consistent with Example 1.

[0129] Comparative Example 3

[0130] The only difference from Example 1 is that the composite phosphate contains 35.0 wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 35.0 wt% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 14.0 wt% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and 16.0 wt% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and no aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is used. Other treatments and proportions are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0131] Comparative Example 4

[0132] The only difference from Example 1 is that the composite phosphate contains 33.0 wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 33.0 wt% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 20.0 wt% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and 14.0 wt% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is not used. Other treatments and proportions are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0133] Comparative Example 5

[0134] The only difference from Example 1 is that the composite phosphate contains 33.0 wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 33.0 wt% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 21.0 wt% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and 13.0 wt% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate is not used. Other treatments and proportions are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0135] According to "Cement-based wear-resistant materials for industrial structures" JG / T270-2010, "Test method for resistance of cement to sulfate attack" GB / T749-2008, and "Test method for basic properties of building mortar" JGJ70-2009, the high temperature resistance test is the ratio of the compressive strength of the specimen placed at 200°C after 28 days of age to the compressive strength of the specimen placed at room temperature for 28 days. The basic properties of a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo prepared in comparative examples 1 to 5 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0136] Table 4 Basic properties of a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo prepared in comparative examples 1 to 5

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] Comparative Example 6

[0140] The only difference from Example 1 is that the composite aggregate uses only 53.0wt% corundum, 28.0wt% rubber particles, and 19.0wt% graphite tailings sand, and no white corundum sand is used. Other treatments and proportions are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0141] Comparative Example 7

[0142] The only difference from Example 1 is that the composite aggregate uses only 49.0wt% corundum, 15.0wt% graphite tailings sand, and 36.0wt% white corundum sand, and no rubber particles are used. Other treatments and proportions are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0143] Comparative Example 8

[0144] The only difference from Example 1 is that the composite aggregate uses only 46.0wt% corundum, 21.0wt% rubber particles, and 33.0wt% white corundum sand, and no graphite tailings sand is used. Other treatments and proportions are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0145] Comparative Example 9

[0146] The only difference from Example 1 is that the fiber components contain 51.0 wt% steel fiber and 49.0 wt% polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and no glass fiber is used. Other treatments and proportions are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0147] Comparative Example 10

[0148] The only difference from Example 1 is that the fiber components contain 56.0 wt% steel fiber and 44.0 wt% glass fiber, and polyvinyl alcohol fiber is not used. Other treatments and proportions are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0149] Comparative Example 11

[0150] The only difference from Example 1 is that the fiber components contain 55.0 wt% polyvinyl alcohol fiber and 45.0 wt% glass fiber, and no steel fiber is used. Other treatments and proportions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0151] According to "Cement-based Wear-Resistant Materials for Industrial Structures" JG / T270-2010, the basic properties of the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silos prepared in Comparative Examples 6 to 11 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0152] Table 5 Basic properties of high performance ceramic-based wear-resistant materials for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silo prepared in comparative examples 6 to 11

[0153]

[0154]

[0155] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the invention in combination with specific embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, any obvious simple deduction or replacement without departing from the concept of the present invention is within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of coal silos. Features: The components and mass percentages are as follows: High performance ceramic based gelling agent 42~56wt%, Composite aggregate 41~57wt% Fiber component 1~3wt%, The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%; The components and mass percentages of the high performance ceramic-based gelling agent are as follows: High-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder 55-70wt%; Composite phosphate 16-25wt%; Composite retarder 14-20wt%; The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%; The components and mass percentages of the high performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder are as follows: Overburned magnesium oxide 56-72wt%; Steel slag powder 14-20wt%; Illite powder 10-15wt%; Silica fume 3-9wt%; The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%; The components and mass percentages of the composite phosphate are as follows: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 22-35wt%; Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 24-38wt%; Aluminum dihydrogen phosphate 9-22wt%; Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 8-15wt%; Diammonium hydrogen phosphate 11-16wt%; The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%; The components and mass percentages of the composite retarder are as follows: Borax 56-72wt%; Calcium acetate 12-18 wt%; Tartaric acid 10-15wt%; Sodium silicate 6-11wt%; The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%; The components and mass percentages of the composite aggregate are as follows: Diamond 36-54wt%; Rubber particles 14-20wt%; Graphite tailings 6-11wt%; White corundum sand 26-35wt%; The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%. The components and mass percentages of the fiber component are as follows: Steel fiber 32-44wt%; Polyvinyl alcohol fiber 28-48wt%; Glass fiber 20-28wt%; The sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100wt%.

2. A method for preparing a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo according to claim 1, Features: The composite phosphate and composite retarder are put into an adjustable-speed mixer and stirred at a speed of 30 to 45 r / min until they are melted. During this period, a small amount of water is added to increase the fluidity of the composite crystals. After stirring for 1 to 2 minutes, the stirring is stopped, and the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent powder is added. After stirring for 1 to 2 minutes, the high-performance ceramic-based gelling agent is obtained. After the stirring is completed, the composite aggregate is added and stirred at a speed of 60 to 80 r / min for 2 minutes. Then, the fiber component is manually thrown into the mixed mortar. After the fiber throwing is completed, it is stirred at 80 to 120 r / min for 3 minutes. During this period, water is added to adjust the fluidity of the high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material until it meets the coating fluidity requirements during the on-site coal silo lining structure reinforcement construction. The fluidity of the wear-resistant material is adjusted to 140 to 170 mm to obtain a high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for strengthening the coal silo lining structure.

3. A high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo according to claim 1, Features: The mass fraction of the overburned magnesium oxide powder is ≥90wt%, and the specific surface area is 300-400m 2 / kg.

4. A high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo according to claim 1, Features: The steel slag powder is composed of steel slag powder with a fineness of 80-100 meshes, steel slag powder with a fineness of 100-200 meshes, and steel slag powder with a fineness of 200-300 meshes in a mass ratio of 3:5:

2.

5. A high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo according to claim 1, Features: The mass fraction of the illite powder is ≥95%, and the fineness is 300-400 meshes.

6. A high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo according to claim 1, Features: The mass fraction of silicon dioxide in the silica ash is ≥92wt%, of which the silica ash with a fineness of less than 1μm accounts for 80%, the average particle size is 0.1-0.3μm, and the specific surface area is 20-28m 2 / g.

7. A high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo according to claim 1, Features: The potassium dihydrogen phosphate is of industrial grade, with a mass fraction of potassium dihydrogen phosphate ≥99wt%; the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is of industrial grade, with a mass fraction of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate ≥98wt%; the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is of chemical analysis grade, with a mass fraction of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate ≥99wt%; the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is of industrial grade, with a mass fraction of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate ≥98wt%; and the diammonium hydrogen phosphate is of industrial grade, with a mass fraction of diammonium hydrogen phosphate ≥99wt%.

8. The high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo according to claim 1, Features: The borax is industrial grade, wherein Na 2 B 4 O 7 ≥95%; calcium acetate is chemically pure, of which Ca(CH 3 COO 2 ·H 2 O≥98%; tartaric acid is chemical analysis grade, tartaric acid mass fraction ≥99.5%; sodium silicate is industrial grade, modulus 2.

0.

9. The high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo according to claim 1, Features: The SiC mass fraction in the corundum is ≥98%, and the particle size is 36-60 meshes; the rubber particles come from waste tires, and are composed of rubber particles with a fineness of 60-80 meshes and rubber particles with a fineness of 80-150 meshes at a mass ratio of 7:3; the graphite tailings sand comes from solid waste, and the particle size is 0.3mm-0.5mm; the Al in the white corundum sand is 0.1mm-0.2 ... 2 O 3 Mass fraction ≥99%, particle size 60 mesh ~ 100 mesh.

10. The high-performance ceramic-based wear-resistant material for reinforcing the lining structure of a coal silo according to claim 1, Features: The steel fiber is a short steel fiber with a length of 10 to 20 mm; the polyvinyl alcohol fiber has a length of 3 mm to 18 mm and an equivalent diameter of 15 to 31 μm; the glass fiber is also called glass fiber powder and has an average length of 30.0 to 50.0 μm.

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