Compound additive for laying hen feed and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed science and feed additives, and relates to a compound additive for laying hen feed and a preparation method of the compound additive. The compound additive for the laying hen feed is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 2 to 10 percent of DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), 2 to 6 percent of hexahydroxy flavone, 2 to 6 percent of herba epimedii total flavonoids, 5 to 15 percent of vegetable jute, 5 to 15 percent of vernonia esculenta, 2 to 10 percent of selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, 2 to 10 percent of beta-carotene degrading bacteria, 2 to 10 percent of marine oligosaccharide probiotics, 5 to 15 percent of dried danbei powder, 3 to 10 percent of jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, 3 to 15 percent of functional amino acid and 2 to 10 percent of polyphenol derivatives. The compound additive for the laying hen feed, disclosed by the invention, is added into a basic feed of laying hens, so that the effects of DNA, flavonoids, vegetable jute, vernonia esculenta, the freeze-dried powder of danbei, selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, probiotics and the like can be fully exerted, the immunity of the laying hens is enhanced, the egg yield is increased, the egg laying interval of the aged laying hens is shortened, the economic value of the aged laying hens is improved, and the laying hens have good economic benefits. The higher-level development of the laying hen breeding industry is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed science and feed additives, and relates to a composite additive for laying hen feed and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Eggs are a universally beloved food. Fresh eggs are rich and comprehensive in nutrients, earning them the nickname "complete protein" and hailed as an "ideal nutrient bank." my country's egg production accounts for 36% of the world's total, with per capita consumption reaching 18 kilograms, ranking among the highest globally. As living standards improve, consumers demand not only adequate food but also quality, placing increasing demands on egg quality. Specialty egg products are also in demand for specific populations.

[0003] Currently, eggs produced by large-scale laying hens are high-yield and large in size, but their taste and nutritional value are often inferior to those produced by ordinary farm-raised hens. Furthermore, they often suffer from significant issues such as decreased immunity. Therefore, improving the immunity, egg production rate, nutritional value, and taste of laying hens has long been a major challenge for researchers and developers. While there are many factors contributing to this situation, the free-range, unrestrained nature of domestic chickens, along with their healthy physique, is likely a key factor. Studies have shown that large-scale laying hens, which are often caged and restricted in movement, exhibit significantly lower physique than domestic chickens, particularly with regard to gastrointestinal and ovarian function. Improving the physique of caged laying hens, particularly their gastrointestinal and ovarian functions, and thus improving egg quality, has always been a primary concern for caged laying hens. Therefore, improving the physique of laying hens by modifying their diet has become an important approach to improving the quality of caged eggs.

[0004] Although the nutrition of existing laying hen feed additives is relatively comprehensive, they lack medicinal ingredients that can improve the body's immunity, improve organ function, and prevent and treat diseases. The medicines used for chicken disease prevention and treatment are not only expensive, but also have certain side effects and cannot be used frequently. Currently, antibiotic substitutes on the market, such as probiotics, oligosaccharides, enzyme preparations, and natural plant extracts, are still unable to fully and effectively replace the use of antibiotics in feed due to the limited efficacy of a single ingredient. Therefore, seeking safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly antibiotic substitutes, improving laying hen production capacity and autoimmunity, improving feed conversion rate, and then reducing drug residues and improving egg quality have become the focus of animal husbandry. Therefore, this area is still in urgent need of a new, safe, reliable, and green feed additive product. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the purposes of this application is to provide a composite additive for laying hen feed to solve or alleviate the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a composite additive for laying hen feed adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A composite additive for laying hen feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2-10% DHA, 2-6% hexadecene, 2-6% total flavonoids from epimedium, 5-15% vegetable jute, 5-15% vernonia, 2-10% selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, 2-10% beta-carotene-degrading bacteria, 2-10% marine oligosaccharide probiotics, 5-15% freeze-dried tempeh powder, 3-10% Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, 3-15% functional amino acids, and 2-10% polyphenol derivatives.

[0008] Preferably, the functional amino acid is compound I or / and compound II, and its structural formula is as follows:

[0009]

[0010] More preferably, the molar ratio of compound I to compound II is 1 to 5:1.

[0011] Preferably, the structural formula of the polyphenol derivative is as shown in Formula III:

[0012]

[0013] Preferably, the contents of protein, total dietary fiber, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, selenium, vitamin E, vitamin C, β-carotene and total amino acids per 100 g of fresh tender stems and leaves of the edible jute are 5.1-7.5 g, 7.1-9.7 g, 228-814 mg, 714-1500 mg, 1.3-40 mg, 83-165 mg, 2.9-7.0 mg, 1.0-100 μg, 2.4-5.29 mg, 38-124 mg, 1.0-8.9 mg and 5.09-6.44 g, respectively.

[0014] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for preparing a composite additive for laying hen feed to solve or alleviate the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0015] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a method for preparing a composite additive for laying hen feed using the following technical scheme:

[0016] A method for preparing a composite additive for laying hen feed comprises the following steps:

[0017] DHA, hydroxyflavonoids, total flavonoids from epimedium, edible jute, vernonia, selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, beta-carotene-degrading bacteria, marine oligosaccharide probiotics, tempeh freeze-dried powder, Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, functional amino acids and polyphenol derivatives are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain a composite additive for laying hen feed.

[0018] The third purpose of this application is to provide an application of a composite additive for laying hen feed to solve or alleviate the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0019] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application of a composite additive for laying hen feed provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0020] The invention discloses an application of a composite additive for laying hen feed. During the production and / or egg-laying period of laying hens, the composite additive for laying hen feed is added to a basic feed comprising corn, soybean meal and premix.

[0021] Preferably, based on the mass of the basic feed as 100%, the added amount of the composite additive for laying hen feed is 0.5-5%; the added amount of the functional amino acid in the basic feed is 50-150 mg / kg; and the added amount of the polyphenol derivative in the basic feed is 30-100 mg / kg.

[0022] The fourth purpose of this application is to provide a functional amino acid acid as a feed additive in a composite additive for laying hen feed to solve or alleviate the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0023] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application of a functional amino acid acid as a feed additive in a composite additive for laying hen feed adopts the following technical solution:

[0024] A functional amino acid acid is used as a feed additive in a composite additive for laying hen feed. The functional amino acid acid is compound I or / and compound II, and its structural formula is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Preferably, the feed additive further comprises a polyphenol derivative, the structural formula of which is shown in Formula III:

[0027]

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) The composite additive for laying hen feed of the present invention comprises DHA, hexetine, total flavonoids from epimedium, edible jute, vernonia, selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, β-carotene-degrading bacteria, marine oligosaccharide probiotics, tempeh freeze-dried powder, Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, functional amino acids and polyphenol derivatives; the composite additive for laying hen feed is added to the basic feed of laying hens, can give full play to the efficacy of DHA, hexetine, total flavonoids from epimedium, edible jute, vernonia, selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, β-carotene-degrading bacteria, marine oligosaccharide probiotics, tempeh freeze-dried powder, Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, functional amino acids and polyphenol derivatives, enhance the immunity of laying hens, increase egg production, shorten the egg-laying interval of aging laying hens, improve the economic value of aging laying hens (rich in DHA, selenium, mineral elements, etc.), and promote the development of laying hen breeding industry to a higher level.

[0030] (2) DHA, or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFAs) belonging to the ω-3 series, which helps increase the DHA content in egg white. Hexetine has anti-inflammatory properties and helps improve the resistance of laying hens. Epimedium total flavonoids can regulate the anti-inflammatory activity of probiotics, promote the proliferation of probiotics, and promote the enrichment of prebiotics. Vegetable jute (Funong No. 1, Funong No. 2, Funong No. 3, or Funong No. 4) is high in calcium, selenium, and dietary fiber. Per 100g of fresh tender stems and leaves, the protein, total dietary fiber, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, selenium, vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene, and total amino acids are 5.1-7.5g, 7.1-9.7g, 228-814mg, 714-1500mg, 1.3-40mg, 83-165mg, 2.9-7.0mg, 1.0-100μg, 2.4-5.29mg, 38-124mg, 1.0-8.9mg, and 5.09-6.44g, respectively. It also contains 18 essential amino acids (glutamic acid, lysine, and tyrosine). Vernonia can clear away heat and detoxify, helping to improve laying hens' ability to ward off parasites. Selenium-containing antioxidant enzymes not only provide selenium but are also enzyme antioxidants that catalyze the decomposition of various free radicals. They play a crucial role in maintaining redox balance in the body, thereby reducing free radical damage. Vegetable jute promotes the enzymatic activity of β-carotene-degrading bacteria. Marine oligosaccharide probiotics are highly resistant to digestive tract enzymes and can act as prebiotics to promote the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Marine oligosaccharide probiotics are probiotics that can significantly enhance the protective effects of probiotics. Because more active probiotics reach intestinal target sites and release prebiotics, the consumption of marine oligosaccharide probiotics can have a beneficial effect on regulating the intestinal flora. Tempeh is a high-protein food made from beans that are shelled, soaked, and then inoculated with Rhizopus for fermentation. Tempeh freeze-dried powder contains higher levels of protein and free amino acids, and can have the same effect as casein supplementation in maintaining intestinal flora balance. Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide is a fructan-type plant polysaccharide found widely in nature. It has multiple biological functions, including optimizing intestinal flora, acting as a prebiotic, regulating blood sugar and lipids, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and boosting immunity. As a natural herbal extract, Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide has significant research value and application potential in animal production. As a feed additive, it can improve animal growth performance, feed utilization, and meat quality.

[0031] (3) The present invention provides functional amino acids (Compound I and Compound II). Compound I and Compound II contain both amino and carboxyl groups and can provide amino acids. At the same time, Compound I and Compound II also contain -SS-, which can provide mineral S. Polyphenol derivatives have health care functions and have activities such as anti-oxidation, anti-radiation, anti-aging, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antibacterial and anti-enzyme.

[0032] (4) The present invention improves the composite additive for laying hen feed while supplementing DHA, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, selenium, sulfur, protein and vitamins, and achieves efficient absorption and large-scale enrichment of target ingredients through the synergistic effect of multiple components. By adding the present invention to the basal feed, the DHA content in the eggs can be increased by nearly 20 times and the selenium content by more than 1.5 times. The present invention realizes the large-scale production of functional eggs, greatly improves their nutritional value, and is expected to increase the economic added value by several times. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the present application and does not limit the present application. In fact, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the scope or spirit of the present application. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment can be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A composite additive for laying hen feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% DHA, 4% hexetine, 3% total flavonoids from epimedium, 12% edible jute, 10% vernonia, 8% selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, 7% beta-carotene-degrading bacteria, 8% marine oligosaccharide probiotics, 15% freeze-dried tempeh powder, 10% Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, 15% compound I, and 2% polyphenol derivatives. The protein, total dietary fiber, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, selenium, vitamin E, vitamin C, β-carotene, and total amino acid contents per 100g of fresh tender stems and leaves of vegetable jute are 5.1-7.5g, 7.1-9.7g, 228-814mg, 714-1500mg, 1.3-40mg, 83-165mg, 2.9-7.0mg, 1.0-100μg, 2.4-5.29mg, 38-124mg, 1.0-8.9mg, and 5.09-6.44g, respectively. The functional amino acid is compound I, whose structural formula is as follows:

[0036]

[0037] The structural formula of the polyphenol derivative is shown in Formula III:

[0038]

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A composite additive for laying hen feed, comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 10% DHA, 3% hexetine, 2% total flavonoids from epimedium, 15% vegetable jute, 5% vernonia, 10% selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, 10% β-carotene-degrading bacteria, 5% marine oligosaccharide probiotics, 10% freeze-dried tempeh powder, 10% Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, 10% functional amino acids, and 10% polyphenol derivatives. The functional amino acid is compound II, whose structural formula is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] Example 3

[0043] A composite additive for laying hen feed, comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 10% DHA, 5% hexetine, 5% total flavonoids from epimedium, 10% vegetable jute, 15% vernonia, 5% selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, 5% β-carotene-degrading bacteria, 10% marine oligosaccharide probiotics, 5% freeze-dried tempeh powder, 7% Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, 7% compound I, 8% compound II, and 8% polyphenol derivatives. The functional amino acid is compound I or / and compound II, and its structural formula is as follows:

[0044] Example 4

[0045] A method for preparing a composite additive for laying hen feed comprises the following steps:

[0046] DHA, hydroxyflavonoids, total flavonoids from epimedium, edible jute, vernonia, selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, beta-carotene-degrading bacteria, marine oligosaccharide probiotics, tempeh freeze-dried powder, Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, functional amino acids and polyphenol derivatives are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain a composite additive for laying hen feed.

[0047] Examples 1-3 all adopt this method.

[0048] Compound I is 2,6-diamino-5-(methyldisulfanyl)hexanoic acid, with a Reaxys ID of 21698229. Compound II has a Reaxys ID of 14451921. The polyphenol derivative is 2-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] The effects of the composite additives for laying hen feed on the production performance of laying hens and egg quality are as follows:

[0051] 800 healthy Hy-Line brown laying hens aged 360 days were randomly divided into 4 groups (control group, experimental group 1, experimental group 2 and experimental group 3), with 5 replicates in each group and 40 hens in each replicate.

[0052] The control group was fed a basal feed, while experimental group 1 (Example 1), experimental group 2 (Example 2) and experimental group 3 (Example 3) were respectively added with 0.5% of the composite additive for laying hen feed in Example 1, 1% of the composite additive for laying hen feed in Example 2, and 2% of the composite additive for laying hen feed in Example 3 to the basal feed.

[0053] The basic feed was prepared by the chicken farm itself. The composition and nutritional level are shown in Table 1.

[0054] Table 1 Composition and nutrients of basic feed

[0055]

[0056] Note: Premix mainly contains calcium, phosphorus, salt, trace elements, vitamins, amino acids, etc.

[0057] During the experiment, feed intake and egg production were recorded daily, and health status was observed. On the 30th day of the experiment, 20 eggs were randomly selected from each group for testing.

[0058] The testing method includes: peeling the eggs, mixing them evenly, taking 2g for ω-3 unsaturated fatty acid testing, calculating the DHA purity, and then using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to detect the phosphatidylethanolamine DHA content.

[0059] Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid determination: Gas chromatography is used for determination according to the NY / T 2068-2011 "Determination of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in eggs and egg products—Gas chromatography method." Method Description: The sample is hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid, the fat is extracted with ether and petroleum ether, and saponified with potassium hydroxide and methanol. The fatty acid methyl esters are then methylated with boron trifluoride-methanol solution. The methyl esters are separated by gas chromatography and detected with a flame ionization detector. The peak area of ​​each fatty acid peak is quantified using the edible internal standard method, and the content of each component is calculated using the formula.

[0060] Table 2 Nutritional content of eggs

[0061] Nutritional Information DHA content (mg / 100g) Selenium content (mg / 100g) Experimental Group 1 301 0.32 Experimental Group 2 348 0.36 Experimental Group 3 372 0.26 Control group 1 20 0.16

[0062] The results showed that the laying hens in experimental groups 1-3 were in good spirits, had a good appetite, and had a 100% survival rate during the trial. Table 2 shows that the DHA and selenium contents in the eggs from experimental groups 1-3 were significantly higher than those in the control group, with DHA content increasing by 15 times and selenium content increasing by 1.5 times.

[0063] Table 3 Effects of composite additives in laying hen feed on laying hen production performance

[0064]

[0065] As shown in Table 3, the egg production rate, average egg weight, yolk content, and egg white quality of the experimental groups 1-3 were higher than those of the control group. The egg breakage rate and eggshell thickness of the experimental groups 1-3 were lower than those of the control group.

[0066] Table 4 Effects of composite additives in laying hen feed on egg quality

[0067]

[0068] As shown in Table 4, the fat content in the eggs from experimental groups 1-3 was significantly lower than that in the control group. The cholesterol content per 100g of egg yolk in the eggs from experimental groups 1-3 was also lower than that in the control group. The protein content in the eggs from experimental groups 1-3 was higher than that in the control group.

[0069] The composite additive for laying hen feed of the present invention comprises DHA, hexetine, total flavonoids from epimedium, edible jute, vernonia, selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, beta-carotene-degrading bacteria, marine oligosaccharide probiotics, tempeh freeze-dried powder, Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, functional amino acids and polyphenol derivatives. The composite additive for laying hen feed is added to the basic feed of laying hens to fully exert the efficacy of DHA, hexetine, total flavonoids from epimedium, edible jute, vernonia, selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, beta-carotene-degrading bacteria, marine oligosaccharide probiotics, tempeh freeze-dried powder, Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, functional amino acids and polyphenol derivatives, thereby enhancing the immunity of laying hens, increasing egg production, shortening the egg-laying interval of aging laying hens, improving the economic value of aging laying hens (rich in DHA, selenium, mineral elements, etc.), and promoting the development of laying hen breeding industry to a higher level.

[0070] This invention improves the composite feed additive for laying hens, supplementing DHA, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, selenium, sulfur, protein, and vitamins while simultaneously achieving efficient absorption and substantial enrichment of target ingredients through the synergistic effect of multiple components. Using this additive in basal feed can increase DHA content in eggs by nearly 20 times and selenium content by more than 1.5 times. This invention enables the large-scale production of functional eggs, significantly increasing their nutritional value and potentially doubling their economic added value.

[0071] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0072] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite additive for laying hen feed, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2-10% DHA, 2-6% hydroxyflavonoids, 2-6% total flavonoids of epimedium, 5-15% edible jute, 5-15% vernonia, 2-10% selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, 2-10% beta-carotene degrading bacteria, 2-10% marine oligosaccharide probiotics, 5-15% tempeh freeze-dried powder, 3-10% Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharide, 3-15% functional amino acid and 2-10% polyphenol derivatives.

2. The composite additive for laying hen feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional amino acid is compound I or / and compound II, and its structural formula is as follows:

3. The composite additive for laying hen feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The molar ratio of the compound I to the compound II is 1-5:

1.

4. The composite additive for laying hen feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural formula of the polyphenol derivative is shown in Formula III:

5. The composite additive for laying hen feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contents of protein, total dietary fiber, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, selenium, vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene and total amino acids in every 100 g of fresh tender stems and leaves of the edible jute are 5.1-7.5 g, 7.1-9.7 g, 228-814 mg, 714-1500 mg, 1.3-40 mg, 83-165 mg, 2.9-7.0 mg, 1.0-100 μg, 2.4-5.29 mg, 38-124 mg, 1.0-8.9 mg and 5.09-6.44 g respectively.

6. A method for preparing the composite additive for laying hen feed according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: DHA, hydroxyflavonoids, total flavonoids of epimedium, edible jute, Vernonia, selenium-containing antioxidant enzymes, beta-carotene-degrading bacteria, marine oligosaccharide probiotics, tempeh freeze-dried powder, Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides, functional amino acids and polyphenol derivatives are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain a composite additive for laying hen feed.

7. An application of the composite additive for laying hen feed according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: During the production and / or egg-laying period of laying hens, the composite additive for laying hen feed is added to a basic feed comprising corn, soybean meal and premix.

8. The use of the composite additive for laying hen feed according to claim 7, characterized in that: Based on the mass of the basic feed as 100%, the added amount of the composite additive for laying hen feed is 0.5-5%; the added amount of the functional amino acid in the basic feed is 50-150 mg / kg; and the added amount of the polyphenol derivative in the basic feed is 30-100 mg / kg.

9. Application of a functional amino acid acid as a feed additive in a composite additive for laying hen feed, wherein the functional amino acid acid is compound I or / and compound II, and its structural formula is as follows:

10. Use of the functional amino acid according to claim 9 as a feed additive in a composite additive for laying hen feed, characterized in that: The feed additive also includes polyphenol derivatives, the structural formula of which is shown in Formula III:

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