Method for expanding runner potential energy storage power station in new energy novel power system

Abstract

The invention discloses an expansion method of a rotating wheel potential energy storage power station in a new energy novel power system. The power supply side and the power utilization side are accurate and controllable, and the self-stabilization capability of the power grid side is high. The method is characterized in that a matched rotating wheel potential energy storage power station which takes a particulate matter as an ideal working medium, has a huge amount of synchronous rotational inertia, operates very stably and has constant indication efficiency of more than 90% is directly coupled with a solar power station in parallel and is coupled with a power grid in parallel through respective working medium recovery lifting devices and transformer stations; according to the grid source type rotating wheel potential energy storage power station, solar energy, wind energy and working medium potential energy serve as power sources, or the working medium potential energy serves as a power source, a centralized source grid type, a source grid load type of a distributed independent power grid and a source load type of an independent power station are adopted, and the power sources can be flexibly adjusted on the power utilization side. A synchronous mechanical rotational inertia power grid is constructed, a power supply side and a power utilization side are safe, reliable, accurate, controllable, zero-carbon and efficient, the electric quantity is increased by 6-9 times, and the cost is RMB 0.5-0.1 yuan / degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power systems, and in particular to a method for expanding a rotor potential energy storage power station in a new energy and new power system. Background Art

[0002] The power system based on the design of power generation tracking load (source follows load) has been running in an orderly manner for more than 100 years. However, with the continuous addition of uncontrollable solar power stations to the power supply side and the increasing activity of power consumption on the power consumption side, the temporal and spatial distribution of solar energy is extremely uneven, and the power supply of solar power stations and the power consumption period on the power consumption side are seriously misaligned, making the power supply side and the power consumption side of the power system gradually become uncontrollable, and the traditional "synchronous mechanical rotation inertia power grid" is destroyed, causing the power grid side to gradually lose its self-stabilization ability.

[0003] At present, the exploration is still underway to solve the problems and challenges of energy storage in the consumption of new energy. The "pumped storage power station" with relatively mature energy storage applications in the new energy power system is limited by the geographical location and water shortage because of the construction of its upper and lower large reservoirs; the compressed air energy storage power generation system is limited by the abandoned mines deep underground that require energy storage, and they are far away from the scene of large-scale solar power stations, and need to set up dedicated lines, and can only be used as local energy storage power generation. The closest related technology retrieved is CN203800612U, which discloses a "power regulation device" for storage and transmission of wind and solar power plants. Because it is restricted by geographical conditions, far away from the scene of centralized large-scale solar power station groups, and outputs power with variable speed (i.e. power with voltage changes), the engine is similar to the vertical axis structure of the cable car, so that its synchronous mechanical rotational inertia is small; CN111502934A discloses a "pumped steel sand energy storage power station", because its working fluid is steel sand or small steel balls, which is a conductor that is easy to rust, and the working fluid capacity is difficult to support the demand for large-scale energy storage working fluid capacity, and because the generator is a vertical axis structure, its synchronous mechanical rotational inertia is small. Therefore, the above four prior arts closest to the present invention can only be used for local power system energy storage and power generation. Application number or patent number 202110695197.4 discloses a "new power system energy storage and power generation device with a high proportion of new energy", whose main features are: the rotary potential energy engine uses granular objects as the ideal working fluid, and one or more rotary devices with huge synchronous mechanical rotational inertia are connected in series on the rotating shaft as needed, and many evenly distributed bucket devices including fixed bucket devices, hanging bucket devices, or seat bucket devices are arranged on the outer ring of each rotary device as needed, so that the rotary potential energy engine has the advantages of high strength, high rigidity, low speed, low vibration, low wear and long life, and three special properties: wide range of power and synchronous mechanical rotational inertia, constant speed load characteristics, each working condition is very stable, and has a constant high indicated efficiency of more than 90%. The matching rotor potential energy storage power station is "rigidly connected in series" with the centralized and distributed solar power stations through the electric motors at the free ends to form an independent power station "wind-solar rotor potential energy storage power station". Although it can turn uncontrollable solar energy into controllable energy, it cannot be precisely controlled and is still constrained by the randomness, volatility and intermittency of solar energy. The "rotor potential energy storage power station" has not been truly integrated into the power system. Therefore, the "rotor potential energy storage power station" and the "wind-solar rotor potential energy storage power station" have failed to make the new power system with a high proportion of new energy in the prior art before the disclosure of "Application Number or Patent Number 20211069197.4" perfect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method to make the power supply side and the power consumption side of the new power system with a high proportion of new energy in the prior art precisely controllable and the grid side self-stabilizing. In response to this technical problem, the present invention proposes a technical solution to flexibly couple the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" on the energy storage side with the centralized and distributed solar power stations on the power supply side, and a technical solution to flexibly couple the "rotor potential energy storage power station" directly with the low-voltage grid 380 / 220 volts on the power consumption side.

[0005] The existing technology of new power system with high proportion of new energy mainly includes power supply side, grid side, power consumption side and energy storage side. The power supply side mainly includes thermal power station, hydropower station, nuclear power station and uncontrollable solar power station. The power consumption side mainly includes uncontrollable and increasingly active power users. The energy storage side mainly includes "rotor potential energy storage power station", pumped storage power station and compressed air energy storage power generation system. Solar power stations include photovoltaic power stations, wind power stations and wind-solar composite power stations. With the continuous addition of "load-follow-source" uncontrollable solar power stations to the power supply side; the power consumption activity on the power consumption side is increasing; the time and space distribution of solar energy is extremely uneven, and the power generation of solar power stations and the power consumption period of the power consumption side are seriously misaligned; making the power supply side and the power consumption side more uncontrollable; the proportion of clean electricity gradually increases to more than 70%, while the proportion of power generation of thermal power stations gradually decreases to 0%, the synchronous mechanical rotation inertia of the power grid gradually decreases, and the traditional "synchronous mechanical rotation inertia power grid" is destroyed, causing the power grid side to gradually lose its self-stabilizing ability.

[0006] The above-mentioned "rotor potential energy storage power station" mainly includes "rotor potential energy storage generator", reinforced concrete plant, output transformer station 380 / 220 volts and low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts, transformer station and high-voltage power grid.

[0007] The above-mentioned "rotor potential energy storage generator" is a kind of power generation equipment, which mainly includes a "rotor potential energy storage engine", a speed increasing gearbox, a decoupler, a coupling, a synchronous AC generator, and a turning brake locking mechanism installed at the free end of the rotating shaft. The rotor potential energy storage engine is equipped with a constant speed governor, which is used to control the constant speed working medium flow control device and the starting acceleration device to ensure that the "rotor potential energy storage generator" operates according to the constant speed load characteristic working conditions required by the synchronous AC generator, and has easy starting and good acceleration performance. The types of rotor potential energy storage generators include rotor potential energy storage generators with single-axis multi-rotor devices, rotor potential energy storage generator sets with planar parallel multi-axis multi-rotor devices, and parallel multi-axis multi-rotor devices with upper and lower step arrangements.

[0008] The above-mentioned "rotor potential energy storage engine" mainly includes the "rotor potential energy engine", the upper warehouse for working fluid, the lower warehouse for working fluid, and the working fluid transportation, recovery and energy storage logistics system. The storage capacity of the upper warehouse for working fluid is large enough, including the storage capacity for storing the lower working fluid from the lower warehouse for working fluid to the upper warehouse for working fluid storage by absorbing electric energy, the storage capacity for long-term large-scale energy storage across weeks, months, seasons and years, the storage capacity for working fluid sent from the upper warehouse, and the storage capacity for working fluid sent by human and animal power and transportation vehicles, to ensure that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" has upper working fluid power generation for 8760 hours a year; the storage capacity of the lower warehouse for working fluid is also large enough to match the upper warehouse for working fluid. The storage capacity of the warehouse is matched, and the lower-level working fluid is available at any time to consume external electricity, and the working fluid that has done work is stored at any time; the working fluid transportation, recovery and energy storage logistics system mainly includes the upper working fluid warehouse, the upper working fluid distribution and transportation device, the lower working fluid warehouse, the working fluid recovery channel, and the working fluid recovery and lifting device. The working fluid recovery and lifting device mainly includes an electric motor and a working fluid lifting machinery. Its main functions include consuming electricity and lifting the lower working fluid in the lower working fluid warehouse to the upper working fluid warehouse for storage.

[0009] The "rotor potential energy engine" is an engine that uses granular objects as ideal working fluids. The ideal working fluids for granular objects mainly include the earth's "inexhaustible" sand, gravel, non-dusting soil, and artificial spherical objects. They have the advantages of good fluidity and divisibility, no emissions, no pollution, not threatening humans enough, and reusable. The ideal working fluid of granular objects with high potential energy flows continuously from the slideway into a bucket device including a fixed bucket device, a seat bucket device, or a hanging bucket device installed on the outer ring of the rotor device with a determined flow direction and a certain speed. The torque is generated by the kinetic energy stagnation of the working fluid flowing into the bucket device and the reduction of the potential energy of the working fluid as the rotor device rotates, driving the rotating shaft to rotate, driving the synchronous AC generator to stably and accurately deliver the required electrical energy to the power grid and maintain the power balance at all times.

[0010] The above-mentioned "wheel potential energy engine" is required to be connected in series on the rotating shaft with one or more wheel devices with huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia, and a number of evenly distributed bucket devices are provided on the outer ring of each wheel device as needed; so that the wheel potential energy storage engine has the advantages of high strength, high rigidity, low speed, small vibration, small wear and long life, and has three special properties: First, the power and synchronous mechanical rotation inertia range is wide, which is conducive to the matching of the wheel potential energy storage power station with different types of power stations on the power supply side and the power consumption side, and with the synchronous mechanical rotation inertia required by the "synchronous mechanical rotation inertia power grid" of the power system; second, the constant speed load characteristic of the wheel potential energy storage generator is very stable in each operating condition, so that the synchronous AC generator can stably transmit electric energy with the same voltage of 220 volts, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia to the power grid; third, the constant speed load characteristic of the wheel potential energy storage generator has the same high indication efficiency in each operating condition, and for small spherical objects that are easy to roll, the high indication efficiency is more than 90%.

[0011] The matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" on the energy storage side can be set up in any scenario according to local conditions according to the needs of the power system.

[0012] In order to perfect the new power system with a high proportion of new energy in the existing technology, the present invention directly integrates the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" on the energy storage side into the solar power station scene on the power supply side, the electricity user scene on the electricity consumption side, and the grid side scene, mainly including:

[0013] Scenario 1: The matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" group on the energy storage side is directly set up in the centralized "solar power station" group scenario on the power supply side on large areas of land including large deserts, Gobi, and desert grasslands according to local conditions. The local inexhaustible and reusable sand, including very round sand, is directly used as the ideal working fluid of the "rotor potential energy storage power station". The "rotor potential energy storage power station" group is flexibly coupled in parallel with the "solar power station" through their respective "working fluid recovery and lifting devices", and is flexibly coupled in parallel with the local power consumption side low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts through their respective output transformer stations 380 / 220 volts, forming a centralized "source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station" group on the power supply side using solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or using working fluid potential as power sources.

[0014] Scenario 2: The matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" group on the energy storage side is directly set up in the electricity user scenarios on the electricity consumption side of large, medium and small urban areas with relatively dense populations and relatively developed economies according to local conditions, so that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" group can be directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the power supply from the high-voltage power grid and transformer station to the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts on the power consumption side through their respective working fluid recovery and lifting devices, and directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts on the power consumption side through their respective output transformer stations 380 / 220 volts, forming a "grid-source type rotor potential energy storage power station" group that uses the electricity and working fluid potential energy sent by the "source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station", thermal power station, hydropower station, nuclear power station, pumped storage power station, and compressed air energy storage power generation system as power source.

[0015] Scenario three, the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" group on the energy storage side is directly set up in the distributed "solar power station" group scenario on the power supply side in the vast rural areas according to local conditions, so that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" group is directly coupled in parallel with the distributed "solar power station" through their own "working fluid recovery and lifting devices", and is directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts on the power consumption side through their own output low-voltage transformer stations 380 / 220 volts, forming a "source-grid-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" group of distributed independent power grids on the power supply side using solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or using working fluid potential as power sources.

[0016] Scenario 4: The matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" on the energy storage side is directly set up in the distributed independent "solar power station" scenario on the power supply side in the vast rural areas, urban efficiency areas, remote areas and islands according to local conditions, so that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" can be directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the distributed independent "solar power station" through its "working fluid recovery and lifting device", forming a "source-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" on the power supply side, including an independent power station with solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or with working fluid potential as power sources.

[0017] In other scenarios, the matching "rotor potential storage power station" on the energy storage side is directly set up at an appropriate location on the hillside of mountains that lack large areas of flat land, building materials and electricity, according to local conditions, with the upper half of the mountain as the "upper working fluid warehouse" and the valley in the lower half of the mountain as the "lower working fluid warehouse"; the potential energy of the crushed stone and sand excavated from the upper half of the mountain is used as the power source for one-time power generation, to provide power for the electric excavators, bulldozers, stone crushers, working fluid transportation and distribution devices used to split the mountains and create land, and for charging piles including bulldozers, earth rollers, and transport vehicles used to fill the valley in the lower half of the mountain; and the excess electricity is transmitted to the power grid; after the land reclamation is completed, the "rotor potential storage power station" is transformed into a "source-load type rotor potential storage power station" including solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or an independent power station with working fluid potential as power source, or a "source-grid-load type rotor potential storage power station" of an independent power grid.

[0018] Predictable effects

[0019] From the above, we can see that the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" has been fully integrated into the new power system with a high proportion of new energy, becoming an indispensable main component, and enabling the power system to have all the structural characteristics and special performance of the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station", making the empowered existing technology new power system with a high proportion of new energy very perfect, realizing the three possibilities of "safe and reliable, green and carbon-free, long-term large-scale energy storage across weeks, months, seasons, and years, and low cost of ￥0.05~0.1 yuan / kWh" that people have long desired but difficult to achieve. There are four significant effects:

[0020] The first significant effect is that it directly converts the uncontrollable electric energy of centralized and distributed solar power stations on the power supply side into the precisely controllable working fluid potential of the matching rotor potential storage power station, and resolves the problems of extremely uneven temporal and spatial distribution of solar energy and serious misalignment between the power supply period of solar power stations and the power consumption period on the power consumption side, as well as the problem of the maximum daily power fluctuation of solar power stations, making the new energy power supply side of the new power system with a high proportion of new energy safe, reliable, stable, efficient, emission-free, and precisely controllable with “source follows load”, and maintaining energy balance and power balance at all times. This remarkable result was achieved, on the one hand, by using the working fluid recovery and lifting device of the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station", which 100% absorbs the uncontrollable "load follows source" and non-synchronous mechanical rotational inertia electrical energy sent by the solar power station, and lifts the lower working fluid in the lower working fluid warehouse to the upper working fluid warehouse for storage in the form of working fluid potential energy, and converts it into the potential energy of the upper working fluid, so that the power generation can track the load accurately and controllably; and enables the solar power station and the "rotor potential energy storage power station" to maintain energy balance and be relatively independent and isolated from the power grid, completely eliminating the impact of the uncontrollable solar power station on the power grid. On the other hand, the ability to absorb 100% of the maximum daily fluctuating power of a wind power station or a wind-solar combined power station is solved by the "three sets of working fluid recovery and lifting devices without failure" solution of the "rotor potential energy storage power station", that is, the first set is in operation, the second set is in standby, and the third set is in short-term maintenance. When the maximum daily fluctuating power occurs, two or even three sets of working fluid recovery and lifting devices are operated at the same time to solve this problem. The above-mentioned working fluid recovery and lifting device and the solar power station "mutually parallel flexible coupling" connection solution can also be used to split and divert the maximum daily fluctuating power to the designated matching working fluid recovery and lifting device of the rotor potential energy storage power station for absorption.

[0021] The second significant effect is that the "grid-source type rotary energy storage power station" group is used to flexibly adjust the power supply on the power consumption side of the new power system with a high proportion of new energy, making the power consumption side safe and reliable, constant and efficient, emission-free, "source follows the movement" and accurately controllable, and maintaining energy balance and power balance at any time. This significant effect is manifested in: 1. During the peak period of electricity consumption on the electricity consumption side, the dispatching and control center can accurately transfer a large amount of electricity from the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" group, hydropower station, nuclear power station, thermal power station, pumped storage power station, and compressed air energy storage power generation system for the electricity users on the electricity consumption side, or directly instruct the "grid source type rotary potential energy storage power station" to accurately supply electricity to the electricity users; second, when the amount of electricity sent is in excess, the "grid source type rotary potential energy storage power station" group will automatically consume the excess electricity through its working fluid recovery and lifting device, and lift the lower working fluid in the lower working fluid warehouse to the upper working fluid warehouse for storage in the form of working fluid potential, and keep the energy balance at all times; third, when the power supply is insufficient, the "grid source type rotary potential energy storage power station" group will automatically consume the excess electricity through its working fluid recovery and lifting device, and lift the lower working fluid in the lower working fluid warehouse to the upper working fluid warehouse for storage in the form of working fluid potential, and keep the energy balance at all times; third, when the power supply is insufficient, the "grid source type rotary potential energy storage power station" group will automatically consume the excess electricity through its working fluid recovery and lifting device, and lift the lower working fluid in the lower working fluid warehouse to the upper working fluid warehouse for storage in the form of working fluid potential, and keep the energy balance at all times The "potential energy storage power station" group will automatically and accurately supply electricity to electricity users and keep the power balance at any time; fourth, during the low-power consumption period on the electricity consumption side, the electricity consumption of electricity users is usually very low, but through the command of the dispatching and control center, the "grid-sourced rotary potential energy storage power station" can still accurately provide electricity users with high indication efficiency of more than 90%, very stable electricity of the same voltage of 220 volts, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and huge synchronous mechanical rotational inertia through the low-voltage power grid 380 / 200 volts, and keep the power balance at any time; fifth, when large electricity users need huge amounts of electricity, the dispatching and control center will mobilize some grid-sourced rotary potential energy storage power stations to supply them with accurate power at the same time and keep the power balance at any time.

[0022] The third significant effect is the construction of a "synchronous mechanical inertia power grid" that has a huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia support and a constant high indicated efficiency of more than 90% in each operating condition of constant speed load characteristics. It continuously inputs electricity from the same very stable voltage of 220V, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia into the power grid, has strong self-stabilization ability and zero carbon emissions. This effect is attributed to the unique structure and special performance of each centralized "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" on the power supply side, each distributed "source-grid-load type rotary potential energy storage power station" and each "grid-source type rotary potential energy storage power station" on the power consumption side, as well as the use of synchronous AC generators that meet national unified standards. They operate under very stable and constant high indicated efficiency of more than 90% at a constant speed load characteristic, and transmit electric energy of the same voltage of 220V, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and matching huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia to the power grid, and maintain power balance at all times, thereby enhancing the power grid's ability to cross faults and stabilize itself. When a fault occurs, the synchronous AC generator provides 20 times the load current to the power grid, which can easily form a three-level protection.

[0023] The fourth significant effect is that a centralized "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" group, a distributed "source-grid-load type rotary potential energy storage power station" group, and a distributed "source-load type rotary potential energy storage power station" with solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or with working fluid potential as power sources, are constructed as the first clean power source of the power grid, and a "grid-source type rotary potential energy storage power station" group with electrical energy storage and working fluid potential as power sources is used as the second clean power source of the power grid, achieving a great abundance of clean electricity. Three reasons for achieving this significant effect:

[0024] Reason 1: The sand resources of the desert. The ideal working fluids of the turbine potential energy storage power station include gravel, sand, dust-free soil and artificial spherical objects, while the natural ideal working fluids of the "source-grid turbine potential energy storage power station" group include the inexhaustible and very round sand in the desert. It is estimated that the amount of sand to be mined in the desert is about 0.5 trillion cubic meters to 2 trillion cubic meters, and relying on the endowment of sand resources in the desert, this demand can be fully met.

[0025] Reason 2: The need for green development in the desert. There are about 48 million square kilometers of arid and semi-arid deserts in the world, accounting for 20% of the total area of ​​the earth. About 43% of the land is facing the threat of desertification, and the task of sand control is very arduous. The largest-scale development of solar power generation on the desert land must be combined with land development for mechanical sand control and local water resource development, that is, building greenhouses on the desert land, covering the roof with photovoltaic panels, which also serve as rainwater collection devices, and planting desert high-efficiency specialty economic crops in the house. It is the best combination of the three basic economic natural resources of "new energy, rare land resources, and scarce water resources", and it will achieve the permanent eradication of "psoriasis" on the earth and promote sustainable green development of the desert. During the development, the very round sand grains that have been salinized (cannot be used as building materials or silicon raw materials) are processed and assembled in the working fluid upper warehouse group of the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" group for storage, and used for 8760 hours of power generation per year, achieving a great abundance of clean electricity.

[0026] Reason 3: Increasing the proportion of working fluid potential energy in the power generation of the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" group that uses solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential energy as power sources is conducive to generating more electricity and reducing power generation costs.

[0027] It is known that the cost of electricity from various power stations with existing technology is: for thermal power stations, one kilowatt-hour consumes 300 to 350 grams of standard coal, the market price of coal is RMB 800 yuan / ton, the fuel cost for power generation is RMB 0.24 to 0.28 yuan / kilowatt-hour, and the on-grid price including tax is RMB 0.38 to 0.45 yuan / kilowatt-hour; for hydropower, the cost price of one kilowatt-hour is RMB 0.07 to 0.15 yuan, and the on-grid price including tax is RMB 0.38 to 0.45 yuan / kilowatt-hour; for wind power, the cost price of one kilowatt-hour is RMB 0.25 yuan / kilowatt-hour, and the on-grid price is RMB 0.3 yuan / kilowatt-hour; for nuclear power, the cost price of one kilowatt-hour is RMB 0.4 yuan / kilowatt-hour; for photovoltaic power generation, the cost price of one kilowatt-hour is RMB 0.25 to 0.3 yuan / kilowatt-hour.

[0028] Assumptions: the installed power of the solar power station and the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" is the same E0·KW, the efficiency of the solar power station is 20%, the efficiency of the working fluid recovery and lifting device is 90%, the constant indicated efficiency of the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" is 90%, and its comprehensive efficiency is 78%.

[0029] Due to the intermittent, volatile and random nature of solar energy, solar power stations generate electricity for about 2,500 hours out of 8,760 hours per year, making the "rotor potential energy storage power station" that matches it very low in annual utilization, only 22.8% to 34.2%, and at least 6,260 hours per year are idle. If the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" generates electricity for about 2,500 hours per year with solar energy as the power source, the remaining about 5,000 hours are generated with working fluid potential as the power source. The annual power generation will increase by about 7.8 times, and the cost per kilowatt-hour will be reduced to less than ￥0.1 yuan / kilowatt-hour. If the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" generates electricity for 7,500 hours per year with working fluid potential as the power source, its annual power generation will increase by about 9.6 times, and the cost per kilowatt-hour will be reduced to less than ￥0.05 yuan / kilowatt-hour. From the above, it can be seen that increasing the proportion of working fluid potential in the power generation of the "source-grid type rotary potential storage power station" group with solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources is the best way to increase power generation and reduce the cost of electricity. It can be seen that the "rotor potential storage power station" with ideal working fluid potential of granular objects as power source and low technical access conditions is the first power source of clean energy in the power system now and in the future.

[0030] The above perfect new power system with a high proportion of new energy includes large-scale centralized "source-grid type rotary energy storage power station" with solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power source, or working fluid potential as power source, "source-grid-load type rotary energy storage power station" of distributed independent power grid, "source-load type rotary energy storage power station" of distributed independent power station, hydropower station, nuclear power station and thermal power station with a bottom-up function; the power consumption side includes "grid-source type rotary energy storage power station" and electricity users that use external electric energy and working fluid potential as power source for flexible power regulation; the grid side is a "synchronous mechanical inertia power grid" supported by a huge amount of mechanical inertia, including "source-grid type rotary energy storage power station", "grid-source type rotary energy storage power station", "source-grid-load type rotary energy storage power station", hydropower station, nuclear power station and thermal power station.

[0031] Custom technical terms

[0032] "Wheel potential energy engine": "Wheel potential energy engine" is an engine that uses granular objects as ideal working fluid, has a huge synchronous mechanical rotational inertia, very stable operating conditions, and a constant high indicated efficiency of more than 90%. It relies on the kinetic energy stagnation of the working fluid flowing into the bucket device of the wheel device and the reduction of potential energy as the wheel device rotates to generate torque, which drives the shaft to rotate and output power. It is called a "wheel potential energy engine".

[0033] "Rotary potential energy storage engine": A "rotary potential energy storage engine" is equipped with a working fluid upper warehouse, a working fluid lower warehouse, and a working fluid recovery and energy storage logistics system, which is called a "rotary potential energy storage engine".

[0034] "Rotor potential energy storage generator": A matching synchronous AC generator is installed at the output end of the rotor potential energy storage engine, and a working fluid flow control device controlled by a constant speed governor is installed on the engine, so that the rotor potential energy storage generator operates according to the constant speed load characteristics. It is called a "rotor potential energy storage generator".

[0035] "Rotor potential energy storage power station": mainly includes "rotor potential energy storage generator", reinforced concrete structure factory building, transformer station and power grid, which is called "rotor potential energy storage power station".

[0036] "Source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station": a group of "rotor potential energy storage power stations" that are directly set up in the power supply side centralized "solar power station" group scene including the large desert, and are flexibly coupled in parallel with the "solar power station" through their respective "working fluid recovery and lifting devices", and are directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts through their respective output transformer stations 380 / 220 volts, forming a centralized "source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station" group that uses solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or uses working fluid potential as power sources, which is called a "source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station".

[0037] "Grid-sourced rotary potential energy storage power station": a group of "rotor potential energy storage power stations" that are directly set up in matching scenarios on the electricity user side, are directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the power supply from the high-voltage power grid and substation to the electricity user side through their own "working fluid recovery and lifting devices", and are directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts including the electricity user side through their own output transformer stations 380 / 220 volts, forming a group of "grid-sourced rotary potential energy storage power stations" on the electricity user side that can flexibly adjust the power supply by absorbing and storing external electric energy and working fluid potential as power sources, which are called "grid-sourced rotary potential energy storage power stations".

[0038] "Source-grid-load type rotary energy storage power station": directly set up in the distributed "solar power station" group scene on the power supply side in the vast rural areas, the matching "rotor energy storage power station" group is flexibly coupled in parallel with each other through their respective "working fluid recovery and lifting devices", and through their respective output transformer stations 380 / 220 volts, directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts, forming a "source-grid-load type rotary energy storage power station" group including distributed solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential energy as power sources, or independent power grids with working fluid potential energy as power sources, which is called "source-grid-load type rotary energy storage power station".

[0039] "Source-load type rotor potential energy storage power station": directly set up in the distributed independent "solar power station" scenario on the power supply side including the vast rural areas, urban efficiency areas, remote areas and islands. The matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" is directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the "solar power station" through its "working fluid recovery and lifting device", forming a distributed independent power station "source-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" that uses solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or uses working fluid potential as power sources. It is called "source-load type rotor potential energy storage power station".

[0040] "Synchronous mechanical rotation inertia grid": The new power system with a high proportion of new energy has a huge amount of synchronous mechanical rotation inertia support, and a constant speed load characteristic operation. Each operating condition has the same high indicated efficiency of more than 90%, and it continuously inputs electricity into the grid with a very stable same voltage of 220 volts, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia, making the grid operation safe, stable, carbon-free and efficient. It is called "synchronous mechanical rotation inertia grid." BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the centralized "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" on the power supply side. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the "grid-source rotary potential energy storage power station" on the electricity consumption side. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the "source-grid-load type rotary potential energy storage power station" for a distributed independent power grid. Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the "source-load type rotary potential energy storage power station" of a distributed independent power station. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of peak load changes of a wind power station or a wind-solar combined power station. Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the change of the rotation speed of the rotary potential energy storage engine with the constant speed load characteristics. Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the output torque of the rotary potential energy storage engine changing with the rotation speed. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the heat consumption of a 1000MW ordinary critical steam turbine changing with load. Fig. 9 This is a curve diagram of the indicated efficiency changing with load under the constant speed and load characteristic condition of the rotor potential energy storage engine. Fig.10 It is a curve diagram showing the change of indicated efficiency of the rotary potential energy storage engine with working fluid potential energy height (10 meters to 120 meters). Fig.11 The graph is a graph showing the change of the indicated efficiency of the rotary potential energy storage engine with the working fluid potential height (1 meter to 10 meters).

[0042] related Figure 1 to Figure 4 The necessary technical features of the "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101 are uniformly numbered: if they are numbered differently according to the regular rules, it will make the description of the "content of the invention" and "specific implementation method" very unsophisticated and unclear. Figure 1 to Figure 4 "Rotor Potential Energy Storage Power Station" 101 is a unified number and is Figure 1 The description is based on the phrase "matching the energy storage side with the "rotor potential energy storage power station 101". Figure 1 to Figure 4 Different "rotor potential energy storage power stations" 101 are distinguished.

[0043] The traditional power system based on the design of power generation tracking load (source follows load) has been operating in an orderly, safe and reliable manner for more than 100 years, relying on a very stable and reliable "synchronous mechanical rotation inertia power grid" and its dispatching and control center. It is supported by the traditional power system's thermal power plants (power generation accounts for more than 80%), hydropower plants and nuclear power plants with matching huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia. Each steam turbine generator, gas turbine generator, and water turbine generator, under the constant speed load characteristic working condition, can continuously and stably transmit electric energy with the same voltage of 220 volts, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and matching synchronous mechanical rotation inertia to the power grid; and the electric energy flows at the speed of light in the power grid including the substation along with the synchronous mechanical rotation inertia, without accumulation, or conversion and storage, and disappears as the electric energy is consumed or converted into chemical energy. The greater the synchronous mechanical moment of inertia of the turbine generator, the more stable the electric energy delivered to the power grid, the greater the flow of the synchronous mechanical moment of inertia in the power grid, the stronger the stability and frequency regulation capability of the power system, and the more new energy sources connected to the AC power grid after the power electronic equipment converts the current; the smaller the synchronous mechanical moment of inertia in the power grid, the worse the stability and frequency regulation capability of the power grid, the less new energy sources connected to the AC power grid after the power electronic equipment converts the current, and even the inability to access the grid. Therefore, building a "synchronous mechanical moment of inertia power grid" is the primary task of the current power system, and the only key technology supporting this "synchronous mechanical moment of inertia power grid" is the "rotor potential energy storage power station"101.

[0044] The existing technology of new power systems with a high proportion of new energy mainly includes the power supply side, the grid side, the power consumption side, and the energy storage side. The power supply side mainly includes thermal power stations, hydropower stations, nuclear power stations and uncontrollable solar power stations 118. The power consumption side mainly includes uncontrollable and increasingly active electricity users, such as industrial and mining enterprises, artificial intelligence, data centers, electrical products, electric hydrogen production, electric vehicle charging piles and the daily electricity consumption of the general public. The energy storage side mainly includes "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101, pumped storage power station, compressed air energy storage power generation system, electric hydrogen production energy storage power generation system, flywheel energy storage power generation device, gravity energy storage power station, battery, and also includes CN203800612U discloses an "electric field power regulation device" for storage and transmission of wind and solar power plants, and CN111502934A discloses a "pumped steel sand energy storage power station". The solar power station 118 mainly includes solar cells 117, batteries 116 and converters 115. Solar power stations mainly include photovoltaic power stations , wind power stations, wind-solar combined power stations. As the "load follows source" uncontrollable solar power stations continue to join the power supply side; the power consumption activity on the power consumption side is increasing; the time and space distribution of solar energy is extremely uneven, and the power generation of solar power stations and the power consumption of the power consumption side are seriously misaligned; making the power supply side and the power consumption side of the power system more uncontrollable, the proportion of clean electricity has gradually increased to more than 70%, while the proportion of power generation of thermal power stations has gradually decreased to 0%, and the synchronous mechanical rotation inertia of the corresponding power grid has gradually decreased, and the traditional "synchronous mechanical rotation inertia power grid" has been destroyed, causing the power grid side to gradually lose its self-stabilizing ability.

[0045] The above-mentioned “rotor potential energy storage power station” 101 Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes a "rotor potential energy storage generator", a reinforced concrete plant, an output transformer station 380 / 220 volts 128 and a low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts 127, a transformer station 125 and a high-voltage power grid 122, a converter 124 and a DC high-voltage power grid 123.

[0046] The above-mentioned "rotor potential energy storage generator" is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it is a very special power generation equipment, which mainly includes a "rotor potential energy storage engine", a speed increasing gearbox 105, a clutch 104, a coupling 103, a synchronous AC generator 102, and a disc brake locking mechanism 110 installed at the free end of the rotating shaft. The rotor potential energy storage engine is equipped with a constant speed governor, which is used to control the constant speed working medium flow control device 112 and a starting acceleration device to ensure that the "rotor potential energy storage generator" operates according to the constant speed load characteristic working condition required by the synchronous AC generator 102 according to the power grid standard, and the starting is easy and the acceleration performance is good. Make the constant speed load characteristic operation very stable in each working condition. The types of rotor potential energy storage generators include rotor potential energy storage generators of single-axis multi-rotor devices, parallel multi-axis multi-rotor devices arranged in a plane, and parallel multi-axis multi-rotor devices arranged in an upper and lower ladder.

[0047] The above-mentioned "rotor potential energy storage engine" mainly includes the "rotor potential energy engine", the upper working fluid warehouse 013, the lower working fluid warehouse 108, and the working fluid transportation, recovery and energy storage logistics system. The storage capacity of the upper working fluid warehouse 113 is large enough, including the storage capacity for storing the lower working fluid of the lower working fluid warehouse 108 by absorbing electric energy to be stored in the upper working fluid warehouse 113, the storage capacity for long-term large-scale energy storage across weeks, months, seasons and years, the storage capacity for working fluid sent from the upper upper position, and the storage capacity for working fluid 121 sent by human power, animal power and vehicles, to ensure that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101 has upper working fluid power generation for 8760 hours a year; the storage capacity of the lower working fluid warehouse 108 is also large enough to match the storage capacity of the upper working fluid warehouse 113. The storage capacity is matched, and there is always lower working fluid available for absorbing external electric energy, and there is always working fluid stored for work; the working fluid transportation and recovery energy storage logistics system mainly includes the working fluid upper warehouse 113, the upper working fluid distribution and transportation device 120, the working fluid lower warehouse 108, the working fluid recovery channel 106, and the working fluid recovery and lifting device 107. The working fluid recovery and lifting device 107 mainly includes a motor 109 and a working fluid lifting machine, and its main functions include absorbing electric energy and lifting the lower working fluid in the working fluid lower warehouse 108 to the working fluid upper warehouse 113 for storage.

[0048] The above-mentioned "rotor potential energy engine" is an engine that uses granular objects as ideal working fluids. The ideal working fluids of granular objects mainly include sand, gravel, dust-free soil, and artificial spherical objects. They have the advantages of good fluidity and divisibility, no emissions, no pollution, not threatening humans, reusable, and inexhaustible. The ideal working fluid of granular objects with high potential energy flows continuously from the slideway into the bucket device including the fixed bucket device 132, or the seat bucket device, or the hanging bucket device installed on the outer ring of the rotor device 111 in a determined flow direction 134 and a certain speed. The kinetic energy stagnation of the working fluid flowing into the bucket device and the reduction of the potential energy of the working fluid as the rotor device 111 rotates generate a rotational torque with arm lengths L1-135, L2-136, and L3-137, drive the rotating shaft to rotate, drive the synchronous AC generator 102 to stably and accurately deliver the required electric energy to the power grid, and keep the power balance at all times.

[0049] The above-mentioned "wheel potential energy engine" has one or more wheel devices 111 with huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia connected in series on the rotating shaft as needed, and a number of evenly distributed bucket devices are arranged on the outer ring of each wheel device as needed; so that the wheel potential energy engine has the advantages of high strength, high rigidity, low speed, low vibration, low wear and long life, and has three special properties. Figure 6 to Figure 11 To further elaborate:

[0050] 1. Constant speed load characteristic operation is very stable in every working condition. Because, although each bucket device of the wheel device 111 filled with working fluid does one work from the top dead point 133 to the bottom dead point 130 every time it rotates, Figure 7 The output torque versus rotation angle curve 702 is shown in FIG. 1 , but each wheel device 111 is equipped with dozens of bucket devices evenly distributed on the outer ring, and the same shaft is connected in series with several large wheel devices 111 with evenly staggered rotation angles. Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, as the shaft rotates, more fluid in the bucket device continuously works. Their output torques are superimposed into an almost horizontal line 701, which means that the change in work in each working condition of the constant speed load characteristic operation of the rotary potential energy engine is very small. Also, because there is the support of the huge synchronous mechanical rotational inertia of the rotary potential energy engine. Also, because the fluidity and divisibility of the very round sand grains (less than 1 mm in diameter) in the desert are very good, the working fluid flow control device 112 is precisely controlled by the constant speed governor, and according to the functional principle of the law of conservation of energy, the speed instability coefficient of the rotary potential energy storage generator is proportional to the change in the working condition work of the engine's constant speed load characteristic operation, and inversely proportional to the huge synchronous mechanical rotational inertia of the engine, so that the speed of each working condition of the rotary potential energy storage engine's constant speed load characteristic operation is almost a vertical line 602 between the specified minimum speed 601 and the maximum speed 603, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the synchronous AC generator 102 driven by it delivers very stable electric energy with the same voltage of 220V, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia to the power grid in each working condition; the working fluid flow control device 112 is precisely controlled by the constant speed governor, which also makes the transition between each adjacent working condition appear very stable (continuous monotonic rise and fall).

[0051] 2. The constant speed load characteristic operation has a constant high indication efficiency of more than 90% in each working condition. Because its indication efficiency is equal to H / {H+(H1+H2)}, where H is the total height of the working fluid potential energy (including the outer ring diameter of the approximate single-axis multi-rotor device 111 and the total height of the upper and lower stepped multi-axis multi-rotor device 111), and H1 and H2 are the potential energy loss heights before and after the working fluid potential energy does work, respectively. The above formula shows that the indication efficiency of the working fluid potential energy doing work has nothing to do with the mass flow rate of the working fluid, that is, it has nothing to do with the load size, but is only related to the working fluid potential energy height H and the working fluid potential energy loss height (H1+H2). Fig. 9 The vertical lines 901 and 902 of the constant indicated efficiency of the wheel potential energy engine under the constant speed load characteristic operating condition and the load change. Fig.10When H=10m-120m, (H1+H2) is 3m and 5m respectively, the corresponding indicated efficiency change curves 1001 and 1002 of the runner potential engine under the constant speed load characteristic operating condition are shown; when H=120m, (H1+H2) is 5m, 3m and 2m respectively, the corresponding indicated efficiencies are 96%, 97.6% and 98.4% respectively; when H=60m, (H1+H2) is 5m, 3m and 2m respectively, the corresponding indicated efficiencies are 92.3%, 95.23% and 96.5% respectively. Fig. 9 ), 96.8%; when H = 30 meters, (H1 + H2) are 5 meters, 3 meters, and 2 meters respectively, the corresponding indication efficiency is 85.7% (as shown in 902) Fig. 9 901), 90.9% and 93.8%. Fig.11 The indicated efficiency of the rotary potential engine under the constant speed and load characteristic operation condition is shown as the curve of the change of the working fluid potential height H = 1 meter to 10 meters, and the change curve when (H1+H2) = 1 meter is 1101. Even if it is a miniature rotary potential engine, the working fluid potential height H = 1 meter, (H1+H2) = 1 meter, its unchanged indicated efficiency is still 50%.

[0052] The above-mentioned "rotor potential energy engine" has a unique constant speed load characteristic and has a constant high indicated efficiency of more than 90% in each operating condition, which cannot be achieved by other power engines, including steam turbines in thermal power plants, water turbines in hydropower plants, steam turbines in nuclear power plants, compressed air turbines in air compression energy storage power generation systems, diesel engines, etc. Figure 8 The heat rate of a 1000 MW common supercritical steam turbine varies with load as shown in curve 801. Under rated load conditions, their indicated efficiency is generally 35% to 45%, and their indicated efficiency under partial load, especially low load conditions, is particularly low, generally about 20%, so they are very uneconomical under partial load, especially low load conditions.

[0053] 3. The power and synchronous mechanical moment of inertia range is wide. Because the output power of the rotor potential energy engine is proportional to the outer ring diameter H (meter) of the rotor device 111 with huge synchronous mechanical moment of inertia, the shaft speed (r / min), the mass of the working fluid loaded on each bucket device (kilograms), the number of bucket devices of each rotor device 111, the number of rotor devices 111 connected in series on the same shaft, and the number of units (units) of multiple shafts placed in parallel or in steps, its output power and synchronous mechanical moment of inertia range are very wide. The rotor potential energy storage power station 101 is easy to directly match with large, medium and small solar power stations 118, and it is easier to match with the "synchronous machine mechanical inertia power grid" that requires huge synchronous mechanical moment of inertia support. The "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101 with specific performance can be set up in any scene according to local conditions according to the needs of the power system.

[0054] In order to perfect the new power system with a high proportion of new energy in the existing technology, the present invention directly integrates the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101 on the energy storage side into the power supply side solar power station 118 scene, the power user scene on the power consumption side and the grid side scene of the power system, mainly including:

[0055] Scenario 1: The matching “wheel energy storage power station” group 101 on the energy storage side is directly set up in the power supply side centralized “solar power station” group 118 on large areas of land including large deserts, Gobi, and desert grasslands according to local conditions. The inexhaustible and reusable local sand, including very round sand, is directly used as the ideal working fluid for the “wheel energy storage power station” 101, so that the “wheel energy storage power station” group 101 can improve the energy efficiency through its own “working fluid recovery and Device" 107, directly and "solar power station" 118 are flexibly coupled in parallel, and directly and local power consumption side low voltage grid 380 / 220 volts 127 are flexibly coupled in parallel through their respective output transformer stations 380 / 220 volts 128, forming a "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" group 119 including power supply side centralized large-scale energy storage power generation with solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential energy as power source, or with working fluid potential energy as power source. The overall layout is shown in the figure below Figure 1 As shown, it transmits electric energy over long distances through transformer station 125 and ultra-high voltage AC grid 122, or through DC converter 124 and ultra-high voltage DC grid 123, and closes switches K1-114, K2-126, and K3-129 during operation. There are four significant effects:

[0056] The first significant effect is that the uncontrollable electric energy of the solar power station 118 is converted into the potential energy of the upper working fluid stored in the precisely controllable upper working fluid warehouse 113 of the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" 119, making the power supply side stable and precisely controllable. This remarkable effect is achieved through the working fluid recovery and lifting device 107 of the "rotor potential energy storage power station" group 101, which absorbs 100% of the uncontrollable non-synchronous mechanical rotational inertia electric energy sent by the solar power station 118, and lifts the lower working fluid of the working fluid lower warehouse 108 to the working fluid upper warehouse 113 for storage in the form of working fluid potential energy, and transforms it into the upper working fluid potential energy of the upper working fluid power generation that is precisely controllable "source follows load", and isolates the uncontrollable solar power station 118 from the power grid side, and only maintains energy balance and relative independence with the "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101. In this way, the impact and constraints of the volatility, randomness, intermittency and peak load of solar energy and wind energy on the power system grid are completely eliminated.

[0057] The second significant effect is to resolve the problem of the maximum daily power fluctuation of solar power station 118. According to Chinese experts, by 2050, when the power generation of solar power station 118 accounts for half of the total power generation, the maximum daily power fluctuation of new energy will reach 1 billion kilowatts, exceeding the conventional installed capacity of solar power station 118. In order to absorb 100% of the maximum daily power fluctuation of new energy, the installed capacity of each solar power station 118, especially the wind power station or the wind-solar power station, must be relatively small; at the same time, through the "three sets of working fluid recovery and lifting devices 107 without failure" solution of the rotor potential energy storage power station 101, that is, the first set is in operation, the second set is in standby, and the third set is in rapid advance maintenance in the short term, when the maximum daily power fluctuation of 501 occurs, two sets, or even all three sets, are put into operation at the same time, 100% of the stored electricity is absorbed. The maximum daily fluctuating power can also be split and diverted to the designated matching rotor potential energy storage power station 101 working fluid recovery and lifting device 107 for consumption through the "mutual parallel flexible coupling" connection scheme between the working fluid recovery and lifting device 107 and the solar power station 118.

[0058] The third significant effect is to build a "synchronous mechanical inertia power grid" with huge synchronous mechanical inertia support, strong self-stabilization ability, constant high indication efficiency of more than 90%, and no emissions on the power supply side. When the power system is in operation, the "source-grid type wheel potential energy storage power station" group 119 is flexibly coupled in parallel with the local power consumption side low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts 127 through their respective low-voltage transformer stations 380 / 220 volts 128, which not only makes each large synchronous AC generator 102 stably and accurately output the same voltage of 220 volts and frequency 50H to the low-voltage power grid and ultra-high voltage power grid. Z, phase angle and huge synchronous mechanical moment of inertia of electricity, and the load characteristics of each large-scale rotor potential energy storage generator operate each working condition, providing the power grid with high indicated efficiency of more than 90% of electricity; the source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station group 119 greatly enhances the power grid's ability to cross faults. When a fault occurs, the large-scale synchronous AC generator 102 provides 20 times the load current to the power grid, which is easy to form a three-level protection; it also makes it easier for new energy to be connected to the AC power grid after being converted by power electronic equipment, and obtains strong support from the "source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station" on the power supply side and the "synchronous mechanical moment of inertia power grid" under some working conditions.

[0059] The fourth significant effect is to build a group of "source-grid type rotary energy storage power stations" 119, which use solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential energy as power sources, or use working fluid potential energy as power sources, as the first clean power base of the power grid. There are three reasons for achieving this significant effect:

[0060] Reason 1: The sand resources of the Great Desert. The natural ideal working fluid of the "Source-Grid Rotor Potential Energy Storage Power Station" Group 119 includes the inexhaustible and very round sand grains of the Great Desert. It is estimated that the amount of sand to be mined in the Great Desert is about 0.5 trillion cubic meters to 2 trillion cubic meters. Relying on the endowment of the sand resources of the Great Desert, this demand can be fully met.

[0061] Reason 2: The need for green development in the desert. There are about 48 million square kilometers of arid and semi-arid deserts in the world, accounting for 20% of the total area of ​​the earth. About 43% of the land is facing the threat of desertification, and the task of sand control is very arduous. The largest-scale development of solar and wind power generation in the desert must be combined with land development for mechanical sand control and local water resource development, that is, building greenhouses on the desert land, covering the roof with photovoltaic panels, which also serve as rainwater collection devices, and planting desert high-efficiency specialty economic crops in the house. It is the best combination of the three basic economic natural resources of "new energy, rare land resources, and scarce water resources", realizing the permanent eradication of the "psoriasis" on the earth and promoting sustainable green development of the desert. During the development, the very rounded sand particles that have been salinized (cannot be used as building materials or silicon raw materials) are processed and gathered for storage in the working fluid upper warehouse group 113 of the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" group 119, or transported to the working fluid upper warehouse group 113 of the "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101 in other regions for storage, and are used to generate electricity for 8,760 hours each year, thus greatly enriching the amount of clean electricity.

[0062] Reason 3: Increasing the proportion of working fluid potential in the power generation of the "source-grid type rotary potential storage power station" group 119, which uses solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, is conducive to increasing power generation and reducing power generation costs. This is further explained below.

[0063] It is known that the cost of electricity from various power stations with existing technology is: for thermal power stations, one kilowatt-hour of electricity consumes 300 to 350 grams of standard coal, the market price of coal is RMB 800 yuan / ton, the fuel cost for power generation is RMB 0.24 to 0.28 yuan / kilowatt-hour, the on-grid price including tax is RMB 0.38 to 0.45 yuan / kilowatt-hour, and the gross profit of the power plant is RMB 0.11 to 0.13 yuan / kilowatt-hour; for hydropower, the cost price is RMB 0.07 to 0.15 yuan / kilowatt-hour, and the on-grid price including tax is RMB 0.38 to 0.45 yuan / kilowatt-hour; for wind power, the cost price is RMB 0.25 yuan / kilowatt-hour, and the on-grid price is RMB 0.3 yuan / kilowatt-hour; for nuclear power, the cost price is RMB 0.4 yuan / kilowatt-hour; for photovoltaic power generation, the cost price is RMB 0.25 to 0.3 yuan / kilowatt-hour.

[0064] Assume that: the installed power of the solar power station 118 and the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" 119 is the same E0·KW, the efficiency of the solar power station 118 is 20%, the efficiency of the working fluid recovery and lifting device 107 is 90%, the indicated efficiency of the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" 119 is 90%, and the overall efficiency is about 78%.

[0065] Due to the intermittent, volatile and random nature of solar energy, solar power stations generate electricity for about 2,500 hours out of 8,760 hours per year, making the annual utilization rate of the "rotor potential energy storage power station 101" that matches it only 22.8% to 34.2%, and at least 6,260 hours per year are idle. If the "source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station" 119, in addition to generating electricity for about 2,500 hours with solar and wind energy as the power source, the remaining about 5,000 hours are generated by the working fluid potential as the power source. The annual power generation will increase by about 7.8 times, and the cost per kilowatt-hour will be reduced to ￥0.1 If the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" 119 generates electricity for 7,500 hours per year using the working fluid potential as a power source, its annual power generation will increase by about 9.6 times, and the cost per kilowatt-hour will be reduced to less than ￥0.05 yuan / kilowatt-hour. From the above, it can be seen that increasing the proportion of working fluid potential in the power generation of the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" group 119, which uses solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, is the best way to increase power generation and reduce the cost per kilowatt-hour. It can be said that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101, which only uses the ideal working fluid potential of particulate objects as a power source, is the first power source of clean energy for the power system now and in the future.

[0066] Scenario 2: The matching “rotor potential energy storage power station” group 101 on the energy storage side is directly set up in the power user scenarios on the power consumption side including large, medium and small towns with relatively dense population and relatively developed economy according to local conditions, so that the “rotor potential energy storage power station” group 101, through their respective working fluid recovery and lifting devices 107, directly connects with the power supply from the high-voltage power grid 201 and the transformer station 202, and transmits it to the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts 204 on the power consumption side through the transformer station 203 and The power grids are flexibly coupled together and directly connected in parallel with the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220V 206 on the power consumption side through their respective output transformer stations 380 / 220V 207, forming a group of "grid-source type rotor potential energy storage power stations" 200 that consume the electric energy and working fluid potential energy sent by the "source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station" 119, thermal power stations, hydropower stations, nuclear power stations, pumped storage power stations, and compressed air energy storage power generation systems. The overall layout is shown in the figure below. Figure 2 As shown, when running, close the power switches K4-208 and K5-205. There are three significant effects:

[0067] The first significant effect is that the "grid-source type rotary potential energy storage power station" group 200 serves as a flexible power source for the power consumption side, and the power consumption side is precisely controllable. During the peak period of power consumption on the power consumption side, according to the instructions of the power grid dispatching and control center, a large amount of electric energy can be accurately dispatched from the "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power station" 119, hydropower station, nuclear power station, thermal power station, pumped storage power station, and high-pressure air energy storage power generation system for power consumption by power users on the power consumption side; when there is surplus power supply, the "grid-source type rotary potential energy storage power station" group 200 consumes it through the working fluid recovery and lifting device 107, and lifts the lower working fluid of the working fluid lower warehouse 108 to the working fluid upper warehouse 113 for storage in the form of working fluid potential energy; when the power supply is insufficient, the "grid-source type rotary potential energy storage power station" group 200 accurately supplies power to power users and keeps the power balance at all times. During the low-consumption period on the electricity consumption side, the electricity consumption of electricity users is usually very low, but the "grid-source type rotary potential energy storage power station" group 200 still accurately and efficiently provides users with electricity with the same voltage of 220 volts, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia through the low-voltage power grid 380 / 200 volts 206, and keeps the power balance at all times. When large electricity users including AI data centers need huge amounts of electricity, the grid dispatching and control center will issue instructions to designate some of the "grid-source type rotary potential energy storage power station" group 200 to provide them with precise power supply and keep the power balance at all times.

[0068] The second significant effect is that the "grid-source type rotary energy storage power station" group 200 serves as the second clean power source of the power grid. It not only serves as a flexible power source for electricity consumption, but also as the second clean power source of the power grid, used to store the power of the "source-grid type rotary energy storage power station" group 119, hydropower stations, nuclear power stations, thermal power stations, pumped storage power stations, compressed air energy storage power generation systems, and new energy sources that are connected to the grid at any time after conversion, in the form of working fluid potential energy, which is converted into working fluid potential energy stored in the working fluid upper warehouse 113, and also stores the potential energy of small cement ball particles made of sand transported from the desert and local solid construction waste made into environmentally friendly products (urban solid construction waste increases at a rate of 3.5 billion tons per year), and also includes the potential energy of specially made small balls with ultra-high density, ensuring national energy security and extremely abundant clean electricity.

[0069] The third significant effect is to build a "synchronous mechanical inertia power grid" on the power consumption side, which is supported by a huge amount of synchronous mechanical inertia, has strong self-stabilizing ability, constant high indication efficiency of more than 90%, and has no emissions. When the power system is in operation, the "grid-source type rotary potential energy storage power station" group 200 is flexibly coupled in parallel with the local power consumption side including the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts 206 through their respective low-voltage transformer stations 380 / 220 volts 207. Not only do their respective large synchronous AC generators 102 stably and accurately output to the power grid the same voltage of 220 volts, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and huge synchronous mechanical inertia, constant speed load characteristics, and constant high indication efficiency of more than 90% in all operating conditions, but the power grid on the user side has greatly enhanced its ability to cross faults. When a fault occurs, the large synchronous AC generator 102 provides 20 times the load current to the power grid, which is easy to form a three-level protection. It is also convenient for distributed new energy to be connected to the "synchronous mechanical inertia power grid" after power electronic equipment conversion.

[0070] Scenario three, the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" group 101 on the energy storage side is directly set up in the distributed "solar power station" group 305 scene on the power supply side in the vast rural areas according to local conditions, so that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" group 101, through their respective "working fluid recovery and lifting devices" 107, are directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the distributed "solar power station" 305, and through their respective output low-voltage transformer stations 380 / 220 volts 302, they are directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts 303 on the power consumption side, forming a "source-grid-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" group 304 of a distributed independent power grid on the power supply side that uses solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or uses working fluid potential as power sources. The overall layout is shown in the figure below. Figure 3 As shown, when operating, close the power switches K1-114 and K6-301. There are three significant effects:

[0071] The first significant effect is to convert the uncontrollable electric energy of the distributed solar power station 305 into the precisely controllable working fluid potential energy of the matching "source-grid-load type rotary energy storage power station" group 304 of the distributed independent power grid, so that the distributed power supply side is precisely controllable. This effect is achieved by using the working fluid recovery and lifting device 107 of the "rotor potential energy storage power station" group 101 to 100% absorb the uncontrollable electric energy without synchronous mechanical rotation inertia sent by the solar power station 305, and lift the lower working fluid of the lower working fluid warehouse 108 to the upper working fluid warehouse 113 for storage in the form of working fluid potential energy, and convert it into controllable working fluid potential energy stored in the upper working fluid warehouse 113; isolate the distributed solar power station 305 from the power grid, keep them relatively independent, and keep energy balance at any time, so that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101 can both "storage" and "generate electricity", so the distributed power supply side is precisely controllable.

[0072] The second significant effect is to resolve the problem of the 305-day maximum fluctuating power of the solar power station. In order to absorb 100% of the maximum daily fluctuating power of new energy, the installed capacity of each solar power station 118, especially the wind power station or the wind-solar composite power station, must be relatively small; at the same time, through the "three sets of working fluid recovery and lifting devices 107 without failure" solution of the rotor potential energy storage power station 101, that is, the first set is in operation, the second set is in standby, and the third set is repaired quickly in a short time. When the maximum daily fluctuating power occurs, two sets, or even all three sets, are put into operation at the same time to solve this problem; the maximum daily fluctuating power can also be divided and diverted to the designated matching working fluid recovery and lifting device 107 of the rotor potential energy storage power station 101 for absorption through the "mutual parallel flexible coupling" connection solution of the working fluid recovery and lifting device 107 and the solar power station 118.

[0073] The third significant result is that on the power supply side of the distributed independent power grid, a "synchronous mechanical inertia power grid" with huge synchronous mechanical inertia support, strong self-stabilization ability, constant high indication efficiency of more than 90%, and no emissions has been built. This significant effect was achieved because 1) the "source-grid-load type rotary potential energy storage power station" group 304 of the distributed independent power grid is flexibly coupled in parallel with the local power consumption side low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts 303 through their respective low-voltage transformer stations 380 / 220 volts 128, which not only enables each large synchronous AC generator 102 to stably and accurately transmit electricity with the same voltage of 220 volts, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and huge synchronous mechanical inertia to the power consumption side of the power grid, including residential areas, industrial and agricultural production, and traffic road charging pile users. amount of electric energy; 2), the load characteristics of each large-scale rotor potential energy storage generator operate in each working condition, and provide the power grid with electric energy with a high indicated efficiency of more than 90%; 3), the "source-grid-load rotor potential energy storage power station group 304 greatly enhances the power grid's ability to cross faults. When a fault occurs, the large-scale synchronous AC generator 102 provides the power grid with several times the required load current, which is easy to form a three-level protection; 4), it also makes it easier for new energy to access the AC power grid after being converted by power electronic equipment, and obtain the support of the "synchronous mechanical rotation inertia power grid" of the distributed independent power grid.

[0074] Scenario 4: The matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101 on the energy storage side is directly set up in the distributed independent "solar power station" 404 scenario on the power supply side, including the vast rural areas, urban efficiency areas, remote areas and islands, according to local conditions, so that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101, through its "working fluid recovery and lifting device" 107, is directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the distributed independent "solar power station" 404, forming a "source-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" 403 on the power supply side, which uses solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or uses working fluid potential as power sources. The overall layout is shown in the figure below. Figure 4 As shown, when operating, close the power switches K1-114 and K7-401. There are two significant effects:

[0075] The first significant effect is to convert the uncontrollable electric energy of the distributed solar power station 404 into the working fluid potential energy that is accurately and controllably stored in the working fluid upper warehouse 113 of the distributed independent power station "source-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" 403, so that the power supply side of the distributed independent power station can be accurately controlled. This effect is achieved by using the working fluid recovery and lifting device 107 of the "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101 to 100% absorb the "load-follows-source" uncontrollable electric energy sent by the distributed independent solar power station 404, and to lift the lower working fluid of the working fluid lower warehouse 108 to the working fluid upper warehouse 113 for storage in the form of working fluid potential energy, and convert it into controllable upper working fluid potential energy stored in the working fluid upper warehouse 113; the independent solar power station 404 and the matching rotor The "potential energy storage power station" 101 maintains energy balance and relative independent isolation. The synchronous AC generator 102 operates with the constant speed load characteristics of the rotary potential energy storage generator, accurately providing the household appliances of the user's power grid 220 volts 402 with a constant high indicated efficiency of more than 90% and the same voltage 220 volts, frequency 50HZ, phase angle and synchronous mechanical rotation inertia. If the user needs electricity with a voltage of 380 volts, a transformer station 380 / 220 volts needs to be installed.

[0076] The second significant effect is to resolve the problem of the maximum daily fluctuating power of the solar power station 404. In order to absorb 100% of the maximum daily fluctuating power of new energy, the capacity power of the working fluid recovery and lifting device 107 of the rotor potential energy storage power station 101 is larger than that of the solar power station 404, especially the wind power station or the wind-solar composite power station; and the "three sets of working fluid recovery and lifting devices 107 are fault-free" solution is adopted, that is, the first set is in operation, the second set is on standby, and the third set is under rapid repair in a short time. When the maximum daily fluctuating power occurs, two sets, or even all three sets, are put into operation at the same time to solve this problem; when the maximum daily fluctuating power exceeds the total power of the working fluid recovery and lifting device 107, "power abandonment" protection should be adopted.

[0077] In other scenarios, the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101 on the energy storage side is directly set up at an appropriate location on the hillside of a mountain that lacks a large area of ​​flat land, building materials and electricity, with the upper half of the mountain as the "upper working fluid warehouse" and the valley in the lower half of the mountain as the "lower working fluid warehouse"; the potential energy of the crushed stone and sand excavated from the upper half of the mountain is used as a power source for one-time power generation, which is used for electric excavators, bulldozers, stone crushers, and working fluid transportation and distribution for splitting mountains and reclaiming land Device, and provide electricity for charging piles of bulldozers, earth rollers and transport vehicles for filling the valley in the lower half of the mountain; and transmit excess electricity to the power grid; after the land reclamation is completed, the "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101 is transformed into a "source-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" 403 including solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential energy as power sources, or an independent power station with working fluid potential energy as power source, or transformed into a "source-grid-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" 304 with an independent power grid.

[0078] The above-mentioned specific implementation methods and detailed explanations of the present invention show that the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101 on the energy storage side has been fully integrated into the new power system with a high proportion of new energy, and has become an indispensable main component, and enables the power system to have all the structural characteristics and specific performances of the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" 101, making the empowered new power system with a high proportion of new energy in the existing technology become very perfect, and realize the three possibilities of "safe and reliable, green and carbon-free, long-term large-scale energy storage across weeks, months, seasons and years, and low cost of RMB 0.05 to 0.1 per kWh" that people have long desired but are difficult to achieve.

[0079] The power supply side of the above-mentioned perfect new power system with a high proportion of new energy includes large-scale centralized "source-grid type rotor potential storage power station" 119 with solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power source, or working fluid potential as power source, "source-grid-load type rotor potential storage power station" 304 of distributed independent power grid, distributed independent "source-load type rotor potential storage power station" 403, hydropower station, nuclear power station and thermal power station with a bottom-up function; the power consumption side includes "grid-source type rotor potential storage power station" 200 and electricity users for flexible adjustment of power source with external electric energy and working fluid potential as power source, and the grid side is a "synchronous mechanical inertia power grid" supported by huge synchronous mechanical inertia including "source-grid type rotor potential storage power station" 119, "grid-source type rotor potential storage power station" 200, "source-grid-load type rotor potential storage power station" 304, hydropower station, nuclear power station and thermal power station.

Claims

1. The expansion method of the rotor potential energy storage power station in the new energy new power system. The existing technology new power system with a high proportion of new energy mainly includes the power supply side, the grid side, the power consumption side, and the energy storage side; the power supply side mainly includes thermal power stations, hydropower stations, nuclear power stations and uncontrollable solar power stations, and the power consumption side mainly includes uncontrollable electricity users; the energy storage side mainly includes "rotor potential energy storage power station", pumped storage power station, compressed air energy storage power generation system; solar power stations include photovoltaic power stations, wind power stations, and wind-solar composite power stations; the proportion of clean electricity will gradually increase to more than 70%, while the proportion of thermal power generation will gradually decrease to 0%, the corresponding synchronous mechanical rotation inertia will gradually decrease, and the traditional "synchronous mechanical rotation inertia power grid" will be destroyed, causing the grid side to gradually lose its self-stabilizing ability; The "rotor potential energy storage power station" mainly includes the "rotor potential energy storage generator", reinforced concrete plant, output transformer station 380 / 220 volts and low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts, transformer station and high-voltage power grid; "The rotor potential energy storage generator" is a power generation equipment, mainly including "the rotor potential energy storage engine", a speed increasing gearbox, a clutch, a coupling, a synchronous AC generator, and a turning brake locking mechanism installed at the free end of the rotating shaft. The rotor potential energy storage engine is equipped with a constant speed governor, which is used to control the constant speed working medium flow control device and the starting acceleration device to ensure that the "rotor potential energy storage generator" operates according to the constant speed load characteristic working condition required by the synchronous AC generator, and has easy starting and good acceleration performance; the types of rotor potential energy storage generators include rotor potential energy storage generators with single-axis multi-rotor devices, rotor potential energy storage generator sets with parallel multi-axis multi-rotor devices arranged in a plane, and rotor potential energy storage generator sets with series multi-axis multi-rotor devices arranged in upper and lower steps; The "rotor potential energy storage engine" mainly includes the "rotor potential energy engine", the upper warehouse for working fluid, the lower warehouse for working fluid, and the working fluid transportation, recovery and energy storage logistics system; the storage capacity of the upper warehouse for working fluid is large enough, including the storage capacity for storing working fluids from the lower warehouse for working fluids to the upper warehouse for working fluids by absorbing electric energy, the storage capacity for long-term large-scale energy storage across weeks, months, seasons and years, the storage capacity for working fluids sent from the upper warehouse, and the storage capacity for working fluids sent by human, animal and power vehicles, to ensure that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" has upper and lower storage capacity for 8760 hours every year. The working fluid can generate electricity; the storage capacity of the lower working fluid warehouse is also large enough to match the storage capacity of the upper working fluid warehouse. The lower working fluid can be used to absorb external electric energy at any time, and the working fluid that has done work can be stored at any time; the working fluid transportation and recovery energy storage logistics system mainly includes the upper working fluid warehouse, the upper working fluid distribution and transportation device, the lower working fluid warehouse, the working fluid recovery channel, and the working fluid recovery and lifting device; the working fluid recovery and lifting device mainly includes an electric motor and a working fluid lifting machinery, and its main functions include absorbing electric energy and lifting the working fluid in the lower working fluid warehouse to the upper working fluid warehouse for storage; "The rotor potential energy engine" is an engine that uses granular objects as ideal working fluids; the ideal working fluids of granular objects include sand, gravel, dust-free soil, and artificial spherical objects. They have the advantages of good fluidity and divisibility, no emissions, no pollution, not threatening humans, reusable, and inexhaustible. The ideal working fluid of granular objects with high potential energy flows continuously from the slideway into the bucket device including the fixed bucket device, or the seat bucket device, or the hanging bucket device installed on the outer ring of the rotor device in a certain flow direction and at a certain speed. The kinetic energy stagnation of the working fluid flowing into the bucket device and the reduction of the potential energy of the working fluid as the rotor device rotates generate a rotational torque, drive the rotating shaft to rotate, drive the synchronous AC generator to stably and accurately transmit the required electric energy to the power grid, and keep the power balance at all times; The "rotor potential energy engine" has one or more rotor devices with huge rotational inertia connected in series on the rotating shaft as needed, and a number of evenly distributed bucket devices are arranged on the outer ring of each rotor device as needed, so that the rotor potential energy storage engine has the advantages of high strength, high rigidity, low speed, low vibration, low wear and long life, and has three special properties: First, the power and mechanical rotational inertia range is wide, which is conducive to the matching of the rotor potential energy storage power station with different types of power stations on the power supply side and the power consumption side, and the matching with the mechanical rotational inertia required by the "synchronous mechanical rotational inertia power grid" of the power system; second, the constant speed load characteristic of the rotor potential energy storage generator is very stable in each operating condition, so that the synchronous AC generator can stably transmit electric energy with the same voltage of 220 volts, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and huge synchronous mechanical rotational inertia to the power grid; third, the constant speed load characteristic of the rotor potential energy storage generator has a constant high indication efficiency in each operating condition, and the indication efficiency is as high as more than 90% for small spherical objects that are easy to roll; Features: The matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" on the energy storage side can be set up in any scenario according to the needs of the power system and local conditions, mainly including: Scenario 1: The matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" group on the energy storage side is directly set up in the centralized "solar power station" group scenario on the power supply side on large areas of land including large deserts, Gobi, and desert grasslands according to local conditions, and directly uses the local inexhaustible and reusable sand particles, including very round sand, as the ideal working fluid of the "rotor potential energy storage power station". The "rotor potential energy storage power station" group is directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the "solar power station" through their respective "working fluid recovery and lifting devices", and is directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the local power consumption side low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts through their respective output transformer stations 380 / 220 volts, forming a centralized "source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station" group on the power supply side that uses solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or uses working fluid potential as power sources; Scenario 2: The matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" group on the energy storage side is directly set up in the power user scenarios of large, medium and small urban areas with relatively dense populations and relatively developed economies according to local conditions, so that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" group, through their respective working fluid recovery and lifting devices, is directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the power supply from the high-voltage power grid and transformer station, and the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts transmitted to the power consumption side through the transformer station 380 / 220 volts, and is directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the low-voltage power grid 380 / 220 volts on the power consumption side through their respective output transformer stations 380 / 220 volts, forming a "grid-source type rotor potential energy storage power station" group that uses the power source as the power source for absorbing the electric energy and working fluid potential energy sent by the "source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station", thermal power station, hydropower station, nuclear power station, pumped storage power station, and compressed air energy storage power generation system; Scenario three: the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" group on the energy storage side is directly set up in the distributed "solar power station" group scenario on the power supply side in the vast rural areas according to local conditions, so that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" group is directly coupled in parallel with the distributed "solar power station" through their respective "working fluid recovery and lifting devices", and is directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the low-voltage grid 380 / 220 volts on the power consumption side through their respective output low-voltage transformer stations 380 / 220 volts, forming a "source-grid-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" group of distributed independent power grids on the power supply side using solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or using working fluid potential as power sources; Scenario 4: The matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" on the energy storage side is directly set up in the distributed independent "solar power station" scenario on the power supply side in the vast rural areas, urban efficiency areas, remote areas and islands according to local conditions, so that the "rotor potential energy storage power station" is directly and flexibly coupled in parallel with the distributed independent "solar power station" through the "working fluid recovery and lifting device", forming a "source-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" with solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or with working fluid potential as power sources; In other scenarios, the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" on the energy storage side is directly set up at an appropriate location on the hillside of mountains that lack large areas of flat land, building materials and electricity according to local conditions, with the upper half of the mountain as the "upper working fluid warehouse" and the valley in the lower half of the mountain as the "lower working fluid warehouse"; the potential energy of the crushed stones and sand excavated from the upper half of the mountain is used as a power source for one-time power generation, providing power for electric excavators, bulldozers, stone crushers, working fluid transportation and distribution devices for splitting mountains and reclaiming land, and charging piles for bulldozers, earth rollers, and transport vehicles for filling the valley in the lower half of the mountain; and the excess electricity is transmitted to the power grid; after the land reclamation is completed, the "rotor potential energy storage power station" is transformed into an independent "source-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" with solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential energy as power sources, or with working fluid potential energy as power sources, or a "source-grid-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" with an independent power grid; The main functions include: Function 1, directly converting the uncontrollable electric energy of distributed and centralized "solar power stations" into the working fluid potential energy of the matching "rotor potential energy storage power station" which is accurately and controllably stored in the working fluid upper warehouse. It also resolves the problem of the maximum daily power fluctuation of the "solar power station", making the power supply side of the new power system with a high proportion of new energy safe, reliable, emission-free, constant and efficient, and "source follows load" accurately controllable, and maintaining energy balance and power balance at all times; Function 2, the "grid source type rotor potential energy storage power station" group is used to flexibly adjust the power supply on the power consumption side of the new power system with a high proportion of new energy, making the power consumption side safe, reliable, constant and high The system is efficient, emission-free, and "source follows load" is precisely controllable, and it can keep energy balance and power balance at any time; the third function is to build a "synchronous mechanical inertia power grid" with huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia support, constant speed load characteristics, and the same constant high indication efficiency of more than 90% in each working condition, with very stable voltage of 220 volts, frequency of 50HZ, phase angle and huge synchronous mechanical rotation inertia. It has strong self-stabilization ability and no carbon emissions; the fourth function is to build a group of "source-grid type rotary potential energy storage power stations" with centralized power supply side, including solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential energy, or working fluid potential energy as power source, and power source The "source-grid-load type rotary energy storage power station" group of the distributed independent power grid on the side and the "source-load type rotary energy storage power station" of the distributed independent power station are used as the first clean power source of the power grid; the "grid-source type rotary energy storage power station" group that stores external electric energy and working fluid potential energy on the power consumption side is used as the second clean power source, achieving a 6-9 times increase in clean electricity and reducing the cost to ￥0.05-0.1 yuan / kWh. The clean electricity is greatly enriched; the perfect new power system with a high proportion of new energy, the power supply side includes a centralized large-scale "source-grid type rotary energy storage power station" with solar energy, wind energy and working fluid potential as power sources, or with working fluid potential as power sources ", "source-grid-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" of distributed independent power grid, "source-load type rotor potential energy storage power station" of distributed independent power station, hydropower station, nuclear power station and thermal power station with a bottom-up role; the electricity consumption side includes "grid-source type rotor potential energy storage power station" and electricity users that use external electric energy and working fluid potential as power source and are used as flexible power supply; the grid side is a "synchronous mechanical inertia power grid" supported by huge mechanical inertia including "source-grid type rotor potential energy storage power station", "grid-source type rotor potential energy storage power station", "source-grid-load type rotor potential energy storage power station", hydropower station, nuclear power station and thermal power station.

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