A digital multi-beam phased array for mobile phone direct connection and transparent transmission payload

Abstract

The present invention relates to a digital multi-beam phased array for mobile phone direct connection and transparent transmission of payload. The digital multi-beam phased array includes a plurality of digital array standard components, a final beam forming processing unit and an onboard base station. The digital array standard component processes the uplink signal sent by the mobile phone direct connection to form an uplink primary beam, and processes the downlink final beam sent by the final beam forming processing unit before sending it to the mobile phone direct connection; the final beam forming processing unit performs beam forming processing on the uplink primary beam and the modulated downlink signal sent by the onboard base station respectively, and the output uplink final beam and downlink final beam are sent to the onboard base station and the corresponding digital array standard component respectively; the onboard base station receives and modulates the downlink signal sent by the ground core network, sends it to the final beam forming processing unit after modulation, and demodulates the uplink final beam and sends it to the ground core network. The use of this method can improve the antenna gain of the mobile phone direct connection to the satellite and the signal transmission efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a digital multi-beam phased array for mobile phone direct connection and transparent transmission load. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, satellite communications have become an important part of 5G and future 6G networks due to its wide coverage, freedom from terrain restrictions and large-capacity transmission. The low-orbit broadband Internet constellation project has begun to provide users with global satellite Internet services, demonstrating huge commercial potential. Since 2022, direct connection between mobile phones and satellites has become a research hotspot, especially the direct communication between mobile phones and satellites through low-orbit satellites. Major technology companies have entered this field. Direct connection between mobile phones and satellites not only expands the user base of traditional satellite communications, but also enables mobile communication devices to seamlessly access satellite networks, providing wider network coverage and uninterrupted services.

[0003] However, direct mobile phone connections to satellites also place higher demands on antenna technology. Smartphones generally have low antenna gain, and need to rely on more efficient satellite-borne antennas to compensate for link loss. In addition, the limitations of L / S / C band spectrum resources and the demand for higher bandwidth for direct mobile phone connections have also prompted the industry to explore new dual-band co-aperture antenna designs to meet future spectrum challenges. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a digital multi-beam phased array for direct connection of mobile phones to transparently transmit payloads in response to the above technical problems.

[0005] A digital multi-beam phased array for mobile phone direct connection and transparent transmission load, the digital multi-beam phased array comprises a plurality of digital array standard components, a final beamforming processing unit and an onboard base station, the digital array standard components comprise a unit antenna module, a transceiver module and a primary beamforming processing module connected in sequence, the unit antenna module comprises a plurality of unit antennas, each unit antenna comprises a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna;

[0006] The digital array standard component is used to receive and process the uplink signal sent by the mobile phone directly connected, form an uplink primary beam and send it to the final beam forming processing unit, and to receive and process the downlink final beam sent by the final beam forming processing unit, and then send it to the mobile phone directly connected through the unit antenna module;

[0007] The final beamforming processing unit is connected to a plurality of digital array standard components and an onboard base station, and is used to perform beamforming processing on the uplink primary beams sent by the plurality of digital array standard components and the modulated downlink signals sent by the onboard base station, and the output uplink final beam and downlink final beam are sent to the onboard base station and the corresponding digital array standard component respectively;

[0008] The onboard base station is used to receive and modulate the downlink signal sent by the ground core network, send the modulated downlink signal to the final beamforming processing unit, and demodulate the uplink final beam and send the demodulated signal to the ground core network.

[0009] In one embodiment, the unit antenna also includes a receiving frequency band selection submodule, a transmitting frequency band selection submodule, a first signal amplification submodule and a second signal amplification submodule, the first signal amplification submodule includes a low noise amplifier, the second signal amplification submodule includes a power amplifier, the receiving frequency band selection submodule is respectively connected to the receiving antenna and the first signal amplification submodule, and the transmitting frequency band selection submodule is respectively connected to the transmitting antenna and the second signal amplification submodule.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the receiving frequency band selection submodule includes a first receiving frequency band branch and a second receiving frequency band branch, each receiving frequency band branch is connected to the receiving antenna and the first signal amplifying submodule respectively through selection switches at both ends; the transmitting frequency band selection submodule includes a first transmitting frequency band branch, a second transmitting frequency band branch and a third transmitting frequency band branch, each transmitting frequency band branch is connected to the transmitting antenna and the second signal amplifying submodule respectively through selection switches at both ends; the receiving frequency band branch and the transmitting frequency band branch both include selection switches and filter groups.

[0011] In one embodiment, the transceiver module includes multiple transceivers, each transceiver includes an analog-to-digital converter and a digital-to-analog converter, the analog-to-digital converter is respectively connected to the first signal amplification submodule and the primary beamforming processing module, and the digital-to-analog converter is respectively connected to the second signal amplification submodule and the primary beamforming processing module.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the final-stage beamforming processing unit is also connected to a satellite platform, and adjusts the direction and parameters of each beam according to a beam switching instruction and satellite orbit parameters sent by the satellite platform when outputting multiple beams.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, it also includes: a receiving antenna receives an uplink signal directly connected to a mobile phone, selection switches at both ends of the receiving frequency band branch select the corresponding receiving frequency band branch to transmit the uplink signal according to the working frequency band, a first signal amplification submodule amplifies the uplink signal and transmits it to the corresponding transceiver, the transceiver sends the digital signal generated after analog-to-digital conversion to the primary beamforming processing module; the primary beamforming processing module processes the digital signals output by each transceiver and combines them into an uplink primary beam, and transmits the beamforming information of the uplink primary beam to the final beamforming unit.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, it also includes: a primary beamforming processing module receives the downlink final beam sent by the final beamforming processing unit, and processes the downlink final beam into a downlink primary beam and sends it to each transceiver respectively; the transceiver performs analog-to-digital conversion on the downlink primary beam and sends the generated analog signal to the corresponding second signal amplifying submodule; the second signal amplifying submodule amplifies the analog signal, and the selection switches at both ends of the transmitting frequency band branch select the corresponding transmitting frequency band branch to transmit the amplified analog signal according to the working frequency band, and then sends it to the mobile phone directly through the corresponding transmitting antenna.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the digital array standard component and the final beamforming processing unit use the CPRI protocol to transmit data.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the receiving frequency band in the working frequency band includes 1710-1785 MHz and 1626.5-1660.5 MHz.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the transmission frequency bands in the working frequency band include 1805-1880 MHz, 1525-1559 MHz and 1431-1432 MHz.

[0018] The digital multi-beam phased array for mobile phone direct connection and transparent transmission of payload receives and processes the uplink signal sent by the mobile phone direct connection through the digital array standard component, forms an uplink primary beam and sends it to the final beamforming processing unit, and receives and processes the downlink final beam sent by the final beamforming processing unit, and then sends it to the mobile phone direct connection through the unit antenna module. It supports L / S / C frequency bands through the frequency division duplex (FDD) architecture and can meet the communication requirements of high bandwidth. The final beamforming processing unit performs beamforming processing on the uplink primary beams sent by multiple digital array standard components and the modulated downlink signals sent by the onboard base station respectively. The output uplink final beam and downlink final beam are sent to the onboard base station and the corresponding digital array standard component respectively. The multi-level beamforming processing is adopted to improve the efficiency of signal processing and transmission. The onboard base station is responsible for the modulation of the downlink signal and the demodulation of the uplink signal, so that the entire link can be smoothly connected with the ground core network, thereby improving the flexibility and scalability of the system. The embodiments of the present invention can improve the antenna gain of a mobile phone directly connected to a satellite, and improve the transmission efficiency of signals between the mobile phone and the satellite. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a digital multi-beam phased array for mobile phone direct connection and transparent transmission of payload in one embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit antenna in one embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the dielectric substrate structure of a unit antenna in an embodiment, wherein (a) is a stripline structure feeding network layer, and (b) is a radiation patch layer;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a unit antenna array in an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 5 The structure block diagram of a digital multi-beam phased array for mobile phone direct connection and transparent transmission of payload in a specific embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a digital multi-beam phased array for mobile phone direct connection and transparent transmission payload is provided, including:

[0026] A plurality of digital array standard components, a final beamforming processing unit and an onboard base station, wherein the digital array standard component comprises a unit antenna module, a transceiver module and a primary beamforming processing module connected in sequence, wherein the unit antenna module comprises a plurality of unit antennas, and each unit antenna comprises a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna;

[0027] The digital array standard component is used to receive and process the uplink signal sent by the mobile phone directly connected, form an uplink primary beam and send it to the final beam forming processing unit, and to receive and process the downlink final beam sent by the final beam forming processing unit, and then send it to the mobile phone directly connected through the unit antenna module;

[0028] The final beamforming processing unit is connected to a plurality of digital array standard components and an onboard base station, and is used to perform beamforming processing on the uplink primary beams sent by the plurality of digital array standard components and the modulated downlink signals sent by the onboard base station, and the output uplink final beam and downlink final beam are sent to the onboard base station and the corresponding digital array standard component respectively;

[0029] The onboard base station is used to receive and modulate the downlink signal sent by the ground core network, send the modulated downlink signal to the final beamforming processing unit, and demodulate the uplink final beam and send the demodulated signal to the ground core network.

[0030] In the above-mentioned digital multi-beam phased array for mobile phone direct connection and transparent transmission load, the uplink signal sent by the mobile phone direct connection is received and processed by the digital array standard component to form an uplink primary beam and send it to the final beamforming processing unit, and the downlink final beam sent by the final beamforming processing unit is received and processed, and then sent to the mobile phone direct connection through the unit antenna module. The L / S / C frequency band is supported through the frequency division duplex (FDD) architecture, which can meet the communication requirements of high bandwidth. The final beamforming processing unit performs beamforming processing on the uplink primary beams sent by multiple digital array standard components and the modulated downlink signals sent by the onboard base station respectively. The output uplink final beam and downlink final beam are sent to the onboard base station and the corresponding digital array standard component respectively. The use of multi-level beamforming processing can improve the efficiency of signal processing and transmission. The onboard base station is responsible for the modulation of the downlink signal and the demodulation of the uplink signal, so that the entire link can be smoothly connected with the ground core network, thereby improving the flexibility and scalability of the system. The embodiments of the present invention can improve the antenna gain of a mobile phone directly connected to a satellite, and improve the transmission efficiency of signals between the mobile phone and the satellite.

[0031] In one embodiment, the unit antenna further includes a receiving frequency band selection submodule, a transmitting frequency band selection submodule, a first signal amplification submodule and a second signal amplification submodule, the first signal amplification submodule includes a low noise amplifier, the second signal amplification submodule includes a power amplifier, the receiving frequency band selection submodule is respectively connected to the receiving antenna and the first signal amplification submodule, and the transmitting frequency band selection submodule is respectively connected to the transmitting antenna and the second signal amplification submodule; the receiving frequency band selection submodule includes a first receiving frequency band branch and a second receiving frequency band branch, each receiving frequency band branch is respectively connected to the receiving antenna and the first signal amplification submodule through selection switches at both ends; the transmitting frequency band selection submodule includes a first transmitting frequency band branch, a second transmitting frequency band branch and a third transmitting frequency band branch, each transmitting frequency band branch is respectively connected to the transmitting antenna and the second signal amplification submodule through selection switches at both ends; the receiving frequency band branch and the transmitting frequency band branch both include selection switches and filter groups.

[0032] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown in the structural schematic diagram of the unit antenna, the digital multi-beam phased array mobile phone direct connection transparent transmission payload needs to work in the receiving frequency bands of 1710-1785MHz and 1626.5-1660.5MHz and the transmitting frequency bands of 1805-1880MHz, 1525-1559MHz and 1431-1432MHz, with three time-sharing working modes. Switches and filter groups are designed in the unit antenna to control the communication frequency band.

[0033] like Figure 3The schematic diagram of the dielectric substrate structure of the unit antenna shown in the figure, where (a) is the stripline structure feeding network layer, (b) is the radiation patch layer, and the unit antenna has 4 layers of dielectric substrate, the bottom layer is the stripline structure feeding network layer, and the rest are radiation patch layers. The two feeding points of the antenna correspond to the two directions of circular polarization, and the two feeding probes are one quarter wavelength apart on the bridge. The two feeding points represent the left-handed and right-handed circular polarization ports, respectively. The short-circuited metal column located in the center of the antenna can suppress some interference modes, and the metal column around the radiation patch is equivalent to a monopole antenna with a top-loaded capacitor, which works together with the annular metal strip on the top layer of the antenna to achieve a certain beam widening effect. The antenna has two layers of radiation patches, and the feeding signal feeds the lower radiation patch through two probes one quarter wavelength apart, and the radiation patch on the upper layer is excited by electromagnetic coupling. The polarization isolation of the unit will improve the isolation of the left-handed and right-handed circular polarization of the unit through the selection of the unit structure, the design optimization of the feeding network, and the layout of the array unit. In terms of unit structure, circular microstrip or square microstrip patch structure will be adopted. These two structures have good polarization isolation characteristics. In terms of feeding network, differential feeding network technology will be used to achieve high-order mode suppression of microstrip antenna. In terms of array unit layout, a combination of staggered layout and spatial uniform coverage will be adopted to achieve high isolation between array units and uniform coverage of array beam gain.

[0034] like Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the unit antenna array is shown. By comparing, analyzing and demonstrating different numbers of array elements and layouts, and taking into account performance, volume and number of beams, it is finally determined that the number of units for the digital multi-beam phased array mobile phone direct connection transparent transmission payload is a 576-element array, a matrix array.

[0035] The array unit uses a low-profile microstrip patch form, and adopts a multi-layer structure to achieve wideband and dual circular polarization functions. The switch, filter group, low noise amplifier, power amplifier, etc. are integrated into the unit antenna to achieve a high-efficiency, low-profile unit antenna design, and a dual circular polarization broadband stacked microstrip antenna with an operating frequency band of 1.43 to 1.88 GHz. The antenna array uses internal correction to achieve the correction of the array channel. The correction network is integrated in the digital active module. The correction network of the antenna array consists of a correction coupling line, a correction switch, a correction power division network, and several cable components. The correction network abandons the conventional coupling network structure and adopts a microstrip coupling line, which can be directly integrated into the digital module. The antenna unit, reflector, and filter are integrated into an integrated design to reduce the weight of the antenna array and the profile thickness.

[0036] In one embodiment, the transceiver module includes a plurality of transceivers, each transceiver includes an analog-to-digital converter and a digital-to-analog converter, the analog-to-digital converter is respectively connected to the first signal amplification submodule and the primary beamforming processing module, and the digital-to-analog converter is respectively connected to the second signal amplification submodule and the primary beamforming processing module. Specifically, the digital transceiver module adopts a 32-channel highly integrated chip structure design to reduce system power consumption, cost and weight.

[0037] In one embodiment, the final beamforming processing unit is also connected to the satellite platform, and adjusts the direction and parameters of each beam according to the beam switching instructions and satellite orbit parameters sent by the satellite platform when outputting multiple beams. In this embodiment, the satellite ephemeris and user position are known in this system, and the position and speed of the satellite in the inertial coordinate system at the current moment are calculated according to the current time and the satellite ephemeris solution software. The pointing parameters of the satellite relative to the receiving terminal can be calculated by updating the current position and attitude of the receiving terminal in real time, and the beamforming coefficient is determined according to the pointing parameters to achieve beam pointing. The satellite ephemeris, the position and attitude of the terminal are expressed in different coordinate systems, and they need to be converted to the same coordinate system when calculating the pointing. The satellite ephemeris uses the inertial coordinate system, the navigation positioning uses the geographic coordinate system, and the attitude measurement uses the carrier coordinate system. In order to facilitate management and identification, all coordinate systems are converted to the geographic coordinate system.

[0038] In one embodiment, receiving and processing an uplink signal directly sent by a mobile phone, forming an uplink primary beam and sending it to a final beamforming processing unit includes: a receiving antenna receives an uplink signal directly connected to the mobile phone, selection switches at both ends of the receiving frequency band branch select the corresponding receiving frequency band branch to transmit the uplink signal according to the working frequency band, a first signal amplification submodule amplifies the uplink signal and transmits it to the corresponding transceiver, the transceiver sends the digital signal generated after analog-to-digital conversion to the primary beamforming processing module; the primary beamforming processing module processes the digital signals output by each transceiver and combines them into an uplink primary beam, and transmits the beamforming information of the uplink primary beam to the final beamforming unit.

[0039] Specifically, for the uplink receiving beam of the mobile phone direct connection transparent transmission load, the beamforming processing unit completes the receiving processing of 8 mobile phone user-side beams, and then forms eight analog intermediate frequencies (4GHz band) through 8 RF transmission channels. The eight analog intermediate frequencies are converged by the combiner to form a broadband signal for Q / V up-conversion, and finally transmitted to the ground through the feeder link.

[0040] In one embodiment, receiving and processing the downlink final-stage beam sent by the final-stage beamforming processing unit, and then sending it to the mobile phone for direct connection through the unit antenna module includes: the primary beamforming processing module receives the downlink final-stage beam sent by the final-stage beamforming processing unit, and processes the downlink final-stage beam into a downlink primary beam and sends it to each transceiver respectively, the transceiver performs analog-to-digital conversion on the downlink primary beam and sends the generated analog signal to the corresponding second signal amplification submodule; the second signal amplification submodule amplifies the analog signal, and the selection switches at both ends of the transmission frequency band branch select the corresponding transmission frequency band branch to transmit the amplified analog signal according to the working frequency band, and then send it to the mobile phone for direct connection through the corresponding transmitting antenna.

[0041] Specifically, for the downlink transmission beam directly connected to the mobile phone, the uplink feed signal of the ground uplink 8-beam channel integrated into one received by the Q / V feed link is first down-converted to an analog intermediate frequency (5GHz), and the analog intermediate frequency is sampled and filtered through a power divider to 8 RF receiving channels to form 8 beam channel data streams, which then enter the beamforming processing unit to complete the transmission processing of the 8 mobile phone user-side beams.

[0042] In one embodiment, the digital array standard component and the final beamforming processing unit use the CPRI protocol to transmit data. In this embodiment, the digital signal stream formed by all digital array standard components is transmitted using the CPRI protocol. CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface) is an interface protocol used in wireless communication systems, mainly used to connect the radio frequency module and baseband processing module of a wireless base station. This protocol defines the interface standard between the radio frequency module (RE, Radio Equipment) and the baseband processing module (REC, Radio Equipment Control), and realizes high-speed, reliable and flexible data transmission. The physical layer of the CPRI protocol is responsible for converting digital data into electrical signals or optical signals suitable for optical fiber transmission, and transmitting them to the receiving end through optical fiber, and converting them into digital signals again. The CPRI interface is used to transmit the beamforming information stream of 8 transceiver beams, including beamforming IQ data (data format under in-phase and quadrature modulation), synchronization data (used for frame and time alignment), etc. Taking the LTE (Long-Term Evolution) system with 20MHz bandwidth and 8 beams as an example, assuming that the IQ data width is 16bit and the sampling rate is 30.72Msps, the total transmission bandwidth requirement of the CPRI interface is =30.72*16*2(IQ)*8*10 / 8(8b / 10b encoding)=9.8304Gbps, and data transmission can be completed using a 10GE optical port. The final beamforming processing unit aggregates the data of 18 digital array standard components through the 10GE optical port and completes the beamforming processing in a centralized manner.

[0043] In one embodiment, the receiving frequency band in the working frequency band includes 1710-1785 MHz and 1626.5-1660.5 MHz.

[0044] In one embodiment, the transmission frequency bands in the working frequency band include 1805-1880 MHz, 1525-1559 MHz and 1431-1432 MHz.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the specific structure of the digital multi-beam phased array designed by the present invention is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The structure of the satellite-borne digital multi-beam phased array in the regenerative processing mode is shown. The regenerative processing mode of the satellite-borne digital multi-beam phased array means that in the satellite communication system, the signal is not only forwarded when passing through the satellite, but is demodulated and remodulated by the satellite processor. This mode enables the satellite to decode, filter and repackage the uplink signal to ensure that the signal quality is improved while reducing the dependence on the ground station.

[0046] Figure 5 In the system, the active components are integrated in the form of digital array standard components. Each digital array standard component is designed as a 32-channel transceiver subarray integration, with a subarray modular design. The transmit and receive signals are phase-shifted through the digital channel to achieve circular polarization transmission of the antenna unit. The reception uses digital beamforming technology, which can expand the number of receiving beams at a very low cost. The whole system contains 18 32-channel digital array standard components. Each digital array standard component completes the frequency selection, transceiver control, time-frequency synchronization, subarray 8-beam primary beam synthesis, high-speed data stream transceiver and other functions of the 32 unit antennas. Figure 5 In the figure, L stands for LNA (low noise amplifier) ​​and P stands for PA (power amplifier). The digital transceiver module and the antenna array adopt a blind matching design to reduce the system insertion loss and realize the low profile and conformal design of the active array. The primary beam synthesis data stream of 18 digital array standard components is aggregated to the final beam forming processing unit to complete the beam forming of 8 transceiver beams of 576 unit antennas in total. At the same time, the beam convergence and distribution required for digital transparent forwarding are completed. Taking the LTE system 20M, 16 beams as an example, the IQ data bit width is 16bit, the sampling rate is 30.72MSPS, and the total bandwidth requirement = 30.72*16*2(IQ)*16*10 / 8(8b / 10b encoding)=19.661Gbps. When transmitting signals, there is enough bandwidth to handle all data streams and encoding requirements, which can meet the performance standards of the LTE system. The final stage of the beamforming process involves pre-correction of the Doppler effect by the user equipment (UE). The relative motion of the user equipment (UE) causes the Doppler effect, which causes the received signal frequency to shift. Doppler pre-correction is used to adjust this frequency shift in advance when sending or receiving signals to ensure signal transmission quality.

[0047] The digital multi-beam phased array mobile phone direct connection transparent transmission payload adopts a fully digital two-dimensional phased array system. The antenna beam achieves ±60° airspace coverage. The antenna array transmit array and receive array are integrated. The number of array units is 576, and it is composed of unit antennas, correction networks, active components, clock distribution networks, array power supplies, structural thermal control and other equipment. The main functions of the digital multi-beam phased array include:

[0048] (1) With the ability to scan the beam at ±50°;

[0049] (2) Complete multi-beam transmission and reception of L-band RF signals;

[0050] (3) It has flexible beam scheduling and on-orbit dynamic power allocation technology. The digital beamforming technology used in the transceiver array can form eight independent transceiver beams, directing the beams to the designated airspace to complete the communication function.

[0051] (4) Device parameter control and status reporting: It has the function of automatically reporting device health status and BITE information, and supports the customization of user parameters (number of beams, coverage range of each beam, etc.).

[0052] The DBF (digital beam forming) system uses data technology to control the phase and amplitude of each element signal of the array antenna to generate a variable beam. Therefore, the beam forming problem is mainly to determine the amplitude and phase weighting coefficients of each element signal required in different directions. The beam forming of the present invention uses a lookup table calculation method to generate weighting coefficients. The communication time of each low-orbit satellite is short and the beam changes quickly. The lookup table method calculates the weighting coefficients of different directions through simulation analysis, and solidifies the coefficients in the memory. The weighting coefficients of the corresponding direction are extracted according to the specific pointing parameters for beam synthesis. The calculation amount is small, the operation speed is fast, and the algorithm design is simple.

[0053] In the low sidelobe and constant gain design, amplitude weighted optimization is performed on each unit of the beam, such as using Taylor distribution or Chebyshev distribution, to achieve the low sidelobe characteristics of the array beam, while reducing the beam gain, taking into account both low sidelobe and constant gain performance.

[0054] Each module in the digital multi-beam phased array for mobile phone direct connection and transparent transmission of payload can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware and their combination. Each module can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module above.

[0055] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0056] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A digital multi-beam phased array for mobile phone direct connection and transparent transmission load, characterized in that: The digital multi-beam phased array includes a plurality of digital array standard components, a final beamforming processing unit and an onboard base station, wherein the digital array standard components include a unit antenna module, a transceiver module and a primary beamforming processing module connected in sequence, wherein the unit antenna module includes a plurality of unit antennas, and each unit antenna includes a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna; The digital array standard component is used to receive and process the uplink signal sent by the mobile phone directly connected, form an uplink primary beam and send it to the final beam forming processing unit, and to receive and process the downlink final beam sent by the final beam forming processing unit, and then send it to the mobile phone directly connected through the unit antenna module; The final beamforming processing unit is connected to a plurality of digital array standard components and an onboard base station, and is used to perform beamforming processing on the uplink primary beams sent by the plurality of digital array standard components and the modulated downlink signals sent by the onboard base station, and the output uplink final beam and downlink final beam are sent to the onboard base station and the corresponding digital array standard component respectively; The onboard base station is used to receive and modulate the downlink signal sent by the ground core network, send the modulated downlink signal to the final beam forming processing unit, and demodulate the uplink final beam, and send the demodulated signal to the ground core network; The unit antenna further includes a receiving frequency band selection submodule, a transmitting frequency band selection submodule, a first signal amplification submodule and a second signal amplification submodule, the first signal amplification submodule includes a low noise amplifier, the second signal amplification submodule includes a power amplifier, the receiving frequency band selection submodule is respectively connected to the receiving antenna and the first signal amplification submodule, and the transmitting frequency band selection submodule is respectively connected to the transmitting antenna and the second signal amplification submodule; The receiving frequency band selection submodule comprises a first receiving frequency band branch and a second receiving frequency band branch, and each receiving frequency band branch is respectively connected to the receiving antenna and the first signal amplification submodule through selection switches at both ends; The transmission frequency band selection submodule includes a first transmission frequency band branch, a second transmission frequency band branch and a third transmission frequency band branch, and each transmission frequency band branch is respectively connected to the transmission antenna and the second signal amplification submodule through selection switches at both ends; The receiving frequency band branch and the transmitting frequency band branch both include a selection switch and a filter group; The final beamforming processing unit is also connected to the satellite platform, and adjusts the direction and parameters of each beam according to the beam switching instruction and satellite orbit parameters sent by the satellite platform when outputting multiple beams; Before the outputted uplink final beam and downlink final beam are respectively sent to the on-board base station and the corresponding digital array standard component, it also includes: Doppler pre-correction is performed on the uplink final beam and the downlink final beam.

2. The digital multi-beam phased array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transceiver module includes multiple transceivers, each transceiver includes an analog-to-digital converter and a digital-to-analog converter, the analog-to-digital converter is respectively connected to the first signal amplifying submodule and the primary beamforming processing module, and the digital-to-analog converter is respectively connected to the second signal amplifying submodule and the primary beamforming processing module.

3. The digital multi-beam phased array according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Receiving and processing the uplink signal sent directly by the mobile phone, forming an uplink primary beam and sending it to the final beamforming processing unit includes: The receiving antenna receives the uplink signal directly connected to the mobile phone, and the selection switches at both ends of the receiving frequency band branch select the corresponding receiving frequency band branch to transmit the uplink signal according to the working frequency band. The first signal amplification submodule amplifies the uplink signal and transmits it to the corresponding transceiver. The transceiver sends the digital signal generated after analog-to-digital conversion to the primary beamforming processing module; The primary beamforming processing module processes the digital signals output by each transceiver and combines them into an uplink primary beam, and transmits the beamforming information of the uplink primary beam to the final beamforming unit.

4. The digital multi-beam phased array according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Receiving and processing the downlink final beam sent by the final beamforming processing unit, and then sending it to the mobile phone through the unit antenna module directly includes: The primary beamforming processing module receives the downlink final beam sent by the final beamforming processing unit, processes the downlink final beam into a downlink primary beam and sends it to each transceiver respectively. The transceiver performs analog-to-digital conversion on the downlink primary beam and sends the generated analog signal to the correspondingly connected second signal amplification submodule; The second signal amplification submodule amplifies the analog signal, and the selection switches at both ends of the transmission frequency band branch select the corresponding transmission frequency band branch to transmit the amplified analog signal according to the working frequency band, and then send it to the mobile phone directly through the corresponding connected transmission antenna.

5. The digital multi-beam phased array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital array standard component and the final-stage beamforming processing unit use the CPRI protocol to transmit data.

6. The digital multi-beam phased array according to claim 3, characterized in that: The receiving frequency bands in the working frequency bands include 1710-1785 MHz and 1626.5-1660.5 MHz.

7. The digital multi-beam phased array according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmitting frequency bands in the working frequency band include 1805-1880 MHz, 1525-1559 MHz and 1431-1432 MHz.

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