Efficient emulsifier as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-efficiency emulsifier which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-20wt% of a nonionic surfactant and 30-60wt% of a composite anionic surfactant, 10-30 wt% of an alkali retention agent, 10-20 wt% of isomeric alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid, and the balance of deionized water. The invention further relates to a preparation method and application of the efficient emulsifier. When the efficient emulsifier provided by the invention is added into the metal working fluid, especially water-based metal working fluid (such as water-based cutting fluid), the emulsifying property of the metal working fluid can be effectively guaranteed. Moreover, the metal working fluid can be compounded with a functional additive of the metal working fluid, so that a formula system of the metal working fluid can be greatly simplified, and the quality and efficiency of the production process of the metal working fluid are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of emulsifiers, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency emulsifier and a preparation method and application thereof, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency emulsifier used in metalworking fluids and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Metalworking fluids are widely used in metalworking processes such as cutting and forming, mainly providing excellent lubrication, cooling, cleaning and rust prevention functions. Among them, emulsified oil is an important type of metalworking fluid, and its market capacity accounts for more than 50% of the entire metalworking fluid. The emulsification stability of emulsified oil is the basis for its application and the prerequisite for ensuring the performance of the product. At present, the emulsifiers in the formula of emulsified oil metalworking fluids are often compounded using a single dose, and different formulas use different emulsifier solutions. There is no composite emulsifier that can be widely used in different formulas. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency emulsifier and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the high-efficiency emulsifier can be added to a metalworking fluid, especially a water-based metalworking fluid (such as a water-based cutting fluid) to effectively ensure the emulsification performance of the metalworking fluid. Moreover, the high-efficiency emulsifier can be used in combination with functional additives of the metalworking fluid, which can greatly simplify the formula system of the metalworking fluid and improve the quality and efficiency of the production process of the metalworking fluid.

[0004] To this end, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-efficiency emulsifier, which comprises the following components in weight percentage:

[0005]

[0006] The present invention unexpectedly found that by controlling the components and contents of the high-efficiency emulsifier within the above range, a high-efficiency emulsifier particularly suitable for metalworking fluid can be obtained, and the high-efficiency emulsifier can significantly improve the emulsification stability of the metalworking fluid. The present invention also unexpectedly found that by adjusting the amount of the added isomeric alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid, it not only plays the role of an emulsifier, but also has a solubilizing effect, and can improve the stability of the formula, and further provides the product with an emulsification effect in hard water of different hardness.

[0007] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the nonionic surfactant is selected from at least one of self-emulsifying esters, Span-80, Tween-80, and coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide.

[0008] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the composite anionic surfactant is a mixture of an oleic acid compound and an alkaline compound. More preferably, the composite anionic surfactant is a mixture of an oleic acid compound and an alkaline compound obtained by heating and stirring at 40-50°C.

[0009] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the oleic acid compound is selected from at least one of vegetable oleic acid and tall oil acid; and / or the alkaline compound is selected from at least one of saturated potassium hydroxide solution and triethanolamine.

[0010] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the mass ratio of the oleic acid compound to the alkaline compound is 1-2:1-2.

[0011] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the alkali retaining agent is selected from at least one of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, isopropanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, and saturated potassium hydroxide solution.

[0012] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the isomeric alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid is a commercially available product or at least one selected from organic substances conforming to the structural formula (I), wherein the formula (I) is R-(CH2CH2O) n OCH2COOH, wherein R is selected from one of C1-20 hydrocarbon groups and halogens; further preferably, R is selected from one of C1-10 alkyl groups, C2-10 alkenyl groups, C3-10 cycloalkyl groups, C6-20 aryl groups, chlorine and bromine; and n is an integer of 1-10.

[0013] To this end, in a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-efficiency emulsifier, comprising the following steps: first, adding a composite anionic surfactant to a blending kettle, preferably heating it to 40-50°C and stirring it evenly, then adding a nonionic surfactant, an alkali retaining agent, isomeric alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid, and deionized water to the blending kettle, stirring for more than 45 minutes until it is uniform and transparent, and finally obtaining a high-efficiency emulsifier product.

[0014] To this end, in a third aspect, the present invention provides a use of the above-mentioned high-efficiency emulsifier or the high-efficiency emulsifier prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method in a metalworking fluid.

[0015] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the addition amount of the high-efficiency emulsifier in the metalworking fluid is 10-20 wt %; and / or, the metalworking fluid is a water-based metalworking fluid.

[0016] The advantages of the present invention are at least:

[0017] The present invention controls the components and contents of the high-efficiency emulsifying compound within the above ranges, thereby obtaining a high-efficiency emulsifier particularly suitable for metalworking fluids, and the high-efficiency emulsifier can significantly improve the emulsification stability of metalworking fluids. In addition, by adjusting the amount of the isomeric alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid added, the present invention not only plays the role of an emulsifier, but also has a solubilizing effect, and can improve the stability of the formula, and further provides the product with an emulsifying effect in hard water of different hardness. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. If no specific conditions are specified in the examples, they are carried out according to normal conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0019] (I) Test method

[0020] The emulsion stability method in the present invention adopts SH / T 0579 "Test method for emulsion stability".

[0021] Example 1

[0022] (1) Prepare the following components by weight, with a total weight of 100 g:

[0023] Nonionic surfactant: 15g of benzophenone-80

[0024] Tween-80 5g;

[0025] Composite anionic surfactant: 50 g of a mixture of vegetable oleic acid and triethanolamine;

[0026] Alkali retaining agent: dicyclohexylamine 13g;

[0027] Isopropyl alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid 10g;

[0028] Deionized water: balance.

[0029] (2) Preparation

[0030] According to the components and masses in step (1), the composite anionic surfactant is added to the blending kettle, the temperature is raised to 40°C and stirred evenly, and then the above-mentioned nonionic surfactant, alkali retainer, isomeric alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid, and deionized water components are added to the blending kettle, and stirred for more than 45 minutes until the mixture is uniform and transparent, and finally a high-efficiency emulsifier product is obtained.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] (1) Prepare the following components by weight, with a total weight of 100 g:

[0033] Nonionic surfactant: 20 g of phthalate-80;

[0034] Composite anionic surfactant: 50g of a mixture of tall oil acid and triethanolamine; alkali retaining agent: 10g of dicyclohexylamine;

[0035] Isomeric alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid 15g

[0036] Deionized water: balance.

[0037] (2) Preparation: Same as the steps in Example 1.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] (1) Prepare the following components by weight, with a total weight of 100 g:

[0040] Nonionic surfactant: 5g of benzophenone-80;

[0041] Self-emulsifying ester 10g;

[0042] Composite anionic surfactant: 20 g of a mixture of tall oil acid and triethanolamine;

[0043] 30g mixture of vegetable oleic acid and triethanolamine; alkali retaining agent: 5g dicyclohexylamine;

[0044] Monoethanolamine 5g;

[0045] Isopropyl alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid 20g;

[0046] Deionized water: balance.

[0047] (2) Preparation: Same as the steps in Example 1.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] (1) Prepare the following components by weight, with a total weight of 100 g:

[0050] Nonionic surfactant: Tween-80 10g

[0051] Composite anionic surfactant: 20 g of a mixture of tall oil acid and triethanolamine;

[0052] 30g mixture of vegetable oleic acid and triethanolamine; alkali retaining agent: 10g monoethanolamine;

[0053] Isopropyl alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid 20g;

[0054] Deionized water: balance.

[0055] (2) Preparation: Same as the steps in Example 1.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] (1) Prepare the following components by weight, with a total weight of 100 g:

[0058] Nonionic surfactant: coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide 5g;

[0059] Benzene-80 5g;

[0060] Self-emulsifying ester 5g

[0061] Composite anionic surfactant: 20g mixture of vegetable oleic acid and triethanolamine;

[0062] 20 g mixture of vegetable oleic acid and saturated potassium hydroxide solution;

[0063] Alkali retaining agent: isopropanolamine 10g;

[0064] Dicyclohexylamine 5g

[0065] Isopropyl alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid 15g;

[0066] Deionized water: balance.

[0067] (2) Preparation: Same as the steps in Example 1.

[0068] Example 6

[0069] The difference from Example 1 is that the composite anionic surfactant is a mixture of vegetable oleic acid and triethanolamine and is not subjected to a reaction at 40°C.

[0070] (1) Prepare the following components by weight, with a total weight of 100 g:

[0071] Nonionic surfactant: 15g of benzophenone-80

[0072] Tween-80 5g;

[0073] Composite anionic surfactant: 50g mixture of vegetable oleic acid and triethanolamine;

[0074] Alkali retaining agent: dicyclohexylamine 13g;

[0075] Isopropyl alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid 10g;

[0076] Deionized water: balance.

[0077] (2) Preparation

[0078] According to the components and masses in step (1), the composite anionic surfactant is added to the blending kettle. After stirring at room temperature (25°C), the above-mentioned nonionic surfactant, alkali retaining agent, isomeric alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid, and deionized water components are continuously added to the blending kettle. The mixture is stirred for more than 45 minutes until it becomes uniform and transparent, and finally a high-efficiency emulsifier product is obtained.

[0079] Example 7

[0080] The difference from Example 1 is that: a composite anionic surfactant (the mass ratio of oleic acid to triethanolamine in the mixture of vegetable oleic acid and triethanolamine is 4:1).

[0081] (1) Prepare the following components by weight, with a total weight of 100 g:

[0082] Nonionic surfactant: 15g of benzophenone-80

[0083] Tween-80 5g;

[0084] Composite anionic surfactant: 50g mixture of vegetable oleic acid and triethanolamine;

[0085] Alkali retaining agent: dicyclohexylamine 13g;

[0086] Isopropyl alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid 10g;

[0087] Deionized water: balance.

[0088] (2) Preparation: Same as the steps in Example 1.

[0089] Comparative Example 1

[0090] (1) Prepare the following components by weight, with a total weight of 100 g:

[0091] Nonionic surfactant: 15g of benzophenone-80

[0092] Tween-80 5g;

[0093] Composite anionic surfactant: 50g mixture of vegetable oleic acid and triethanolamine;

[0094] Alkali retaining agent: dicyclohexylamine 13g;

[0095] Isopropyl alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid 0g;

[0096] Deionized water: balance.

[0097] (2) According to the components and masses in step (1), the composite anionic emulsifier is added to the blending kettle, the temperature is raised to 40° C. and stirred evenly, and the above-mentioned nonionic surfactant, alkali retaining agent, and deionized water are continued to be added to the blending kettle, and stirred for more than 45 minutes until the mixture is uniform and transparent, and finally a high-efficiency emulsifier product is obtained.

[0098] Comparative Example 2

[0099] The difference from the above Example 1 is that the non-ionic surfactant is replaced by an equal mass of a complex anionic surfactant.

[0100] (1) Prepare the following components by weight, with a total weight of 100 g:

[0101] Nonionic surfactant: Benzene-80 0g

[0102] Tween-80 0g;

[0103] Composite anionic surfactant: mixture of vegetable oleic acid and triethanolamine 70g;

[0104] Alkali retaining agent: dicyclohexylamine 13g;

[0105] Isopropyl alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid 10g;

[0106] Deionized water: balance.

[0107] (2) According to the components and masses in step (1), the composite anionic emulsifier is added to the blending kettle, the temperature is raised to 40° C. and stirred evenly, and the above-mentioned alkali retaining agent and deionized water components are continued to be added to the blending kettle, and stirred for more than 45 minutes until the mixture is uniform and transparent, and finally a high-efficiency emulsifier product is obtained.

[0108] Comparative Example 3

[0109] (1) Prepare the following components by weight, with a total weight of 100 g:

[0110] Nonionic surfactant: 40g of benzophenone-80

[0111] Tween-80 30g;

[0112] Composite anionic surfactant: mixture of vegetable oleic acid and triethanolamine 0g;

[0113] Alkali retaining agent: dicyclohexylamine 13g;

[0114] Isopropyl alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid 10g;

[0115] Deionized water: balance.

[0116] (2) According to the components and masses in step (1), add nonionic surfactant, alkali retaining agent and deionized water components into the blending kettle, stir for more than 45 minutes until the mixture becomes uniform and transparent, and finally obtain a high-efficiency emulsifier product.

[0117] Test Example 1

[0118] The high-efficiency emulsifiers prepared in the above Examples 1 to 5 and the emulsifiers prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were added to the base oil in an amount of 15 wt %, and functional additives were added according to actual use requirements to prepare an emulsified metalworking fluid (the mass of the emulsified metalworking fluid is 100%), and the comparison results of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 were obtained, as shown in Tables 1 to 8.

[0119] Table 1 Test results of Example 1

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] Table 2 Example 2 Test results

[0123]

[0124] Table 3 Example 3 test results

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] Table 4 Example 4 Test results

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] Table 5 Test results of Example 5

[0131]

[0132] Table 6 Test results of comparative example 1

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] Table 7 Comparative Example 2 Test Results

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] Table 8 Comparative Example 3 Test Results

[0139]

[0140] As shown in Tables 1-5, the high-efficiency emulsifiers prepared in Examples 1 to 5 have good stock solution appearance and emulsification performance, and different functional additives can be compounded according to actual use requirements to obtain metalworking fluids with different functions. The metalworking fluids prepared in Examples 6-7 meet the requirements and requirements of SH / T 0579 "Test Method for Emulsion Stability", but the emulsification effect is relatively poor compared with that in Examples 1 to 5 (such as soap precipitation 2mL).

[0141] It can be seen from Tables 6-8 that the emulsification stability of the emulsifiers prepared in Comparative Examples 1-2 in hard water does not meet the provisions and requirements of SH / T0579 "Test Method for Emulsion Stability", and the emulsifier prepared in Comparative Example 3 cannot obtain a metalworking fluid product with a uniform and stable appearance.

[0142] Application Example 1

[0143] The high-efficiency emulsifier in Example 1 of the present invention was formulated into a metalworking fluid according to Application Scheme 1 in Table 2, and was tested in two metal processing companies in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. The emulsification stability thereof can meet the requirements of SH / T0579 "Test Method for Emulsion Stability", and all performances can well meet the actual processing requirements, and the cost performance is high.

[0144] Application Example 2

[0145] The high-efficiency emulsifier in Example 1 of the present invention was formulated into a metalworking fluid according to Application Scheme 4 in Table 3, and was tested in two metal processing enterprises in North China. The product state was stable, and the emulsification stability could meet the requirements of SH / T 0579 "Test Method for Emulsion Stability", which can better meet the actual processing needs.

[0146] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and application of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those familiar with the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments herein, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention. For example, if other functional additives are added to the preparation components of the present invention to make the composite material have corresponding properties, it is also protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency emulsifier, characterized in that: In terms of weight percentage, it includes the following components:

2. The high-efficiency emulsifier according to claim 1, characterized in that The nonionic surfactant is selected from at least one of self-emulsifying ester, Span-80, Tween-80, and coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide.

3. The high-efficiency emulsifier according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The composite anionic surfactant is a mixture of an oleic acid compound and an alkaline compound. Preferably, the composite anionic surfactant is a mixture obtained by heating and stirring the oleic acid compound and the alkaline compound at 40-50°C.

4. The high-efficiency emulsifier according to claim 3, characterized in that The oleic acid compound is selected from at least one of vegetable oleic acid and tall oil acid; and / or the alkaline compound is selected from at least one of saturated potassium hydroxide solution and triethanolamine.

5. The high-efficiency emulsifier according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that The mass ratio of the oleic acid compound to the alkaline compound is 1-2:1-2.

6. The high-efficiency emulsifier according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The alkali retaining agent is selected from at least one of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, isopropanolamine, dicyclohexylamine and saturated potassium hydroxide solution.

7. The high-efficiency emulsifier according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The isomeric alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid is a commercially available product or at least one selected from organic substances conforming to the structural formula (I), wherein the formula (I) is R-(CH2CH2O) n OCH2COOH, wherein R is selected from one of C1-20 hydrocarbon groups and halogens; preferably, R is selected from one of C1-10 alkyl groups, C2-10 alkenyl groups, C3-10 cycloalkyl groups, C6-20 aryl groups, chlorine and bromine; and n is an integer of 1-10.

8. A method for preparing the high-efficiency emulsifier according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: First, add the composite anionic surfactant into the blending kettle, preferably heat it to 40-50°C and stir it evenly, then add the nonionic surfactant, alkali retainer, isomeric alcohol polyether-13 carboxylic acid, and deionized water into the blending kettle, stir for more than 45 minutes until it is uniform and transparent, and finally obtain a high-efficiency emulsifier product.

9. Use of the high-efficiency emulsifier according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the high-efficiency emulsifier prepared by the preparation method according to claim 8 in metalworking fluid.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The addition amount of the high-efficiency emulsifier in the metalworking fluid is 10-20 wt %; and / or, the metalworking fluid is a water-based metalworking fluid.

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