Platinum-carbon catalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a platinum-carbon catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing platinum salt, a reducing agent, water and a carbon carrier to obtain a dispersion, and performing hydrothermal reaction, washing and solid-liquid separation on the dispersion to obtain the platinum-carbon catalyst, a complexing agent and a dispersing agent are not added in the preparation method. According to the preparation method, a dispersing agent, a complexing agent and the like are not added, impurities cannot be introduced into the platinum-carbon catalyst, the preparation method is easy to operate, reaction conditions are easy to control, the preparation method is suitable for batch production, the yield of the catalyst can reach 95% or above, and the catalyst has excellent catalytic performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst preparation and relates to a platinum-carbon catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an alternative energy source to fossil fuels, hydrogen energy has attracted widespread attention due to its clean, efficient and renewable characteristics. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), as devices that convert hydrogen energy into electrical energy, have been used in areas such as buses and heavy trucks. At present, the mainstream core material of PEMFC is platinum-carbon catalyst (Pt / C), which generates electricity through cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and anode hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), and the only product is water, which is extremely environmentally friendly. Among them, ORR is the rate-determining step of the entire reaction kinetics, so it is crucial to develop ORR catalysts with high activity and high stability.

[0003] ORR reaction usually requires precious metal Pt as a catalyst, and nano-scale Pt particles are dispersed on a carbon carrier to prepare a Pt / C catalyst. Pt / C catalyst is one of the current mainstream catalysts. The preparation of Pt / C catalyst usually adopts a chemical reduction method, and the platinum salt is reduced and loaded on the carbon carrier by heating and other methods. In the preparation process, the dispersibility of platinum nanoparticles can be improved by adding surfactants and complexing agents, and adjusting pH and other methods to prevent agglomeration. For example, CN115458755A discloses a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst by adding reagents such as dispersants ethylenediamine and propylenediamine, and CN116072889A discloses a method for adding complexing agents such as sodium citrate and sodium oxalate to prepare a platinum-carbon catalyst. However, these added reagents will still have residues after cleaning, and may coordinate with Pt, occupy the active sites of the catalyst, hinder the contact between the reactant and the catalyst surface, and thus reduce the catalytic activity. In addition, the residual reagents may also gradually decompose or volatilize during the use of the catalyst, causing changes in the composition and structure of the catalyst, affecting its long-term stability. At the same time, since the loading amount of Pt / C is generally high, it is difficult to prepare a catalyst with small and uniform particle size using existing preparation methods.

[0004] It can be seen that how to provide a platinum-carbon catalyst with uniform dispersion, high electrochemical activity and good stability has become an urgent problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a platinum-carbon catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. In the preparation method, no dispersant and complexing agent are added, and impurities will not be introduced into the platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method is simple to operate, the reaction conditions are easy to control, and it is suitable for mass production. The catalyst yield can reach more than 95%, and it has excellent catalytic performance.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0008] Platinum salt, a reducing agent, water and a carbon carrier are mixed to obtain a dispersion, and the dispersion is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction, washing and solid-liquid separation to obtain the platinum-carbon catalyst;

[0009] In the preparation method, no complexing agent or dispersant is added.

[0010] The preparation method of the present invention only mixes platinum salt, reducing agent, water and carbon carrier, and then performs hydrothermal reaction, washing and solid-liquid separation to obtain a platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation raw materials only contain platinum salt, reducing agent, water and carbon carrier, and no complexing agent and dispersant are added. Impurities that are difficult to wash off will not be introduced into the platinum-carbon catalyst, and the introduction of too many impurities, the need for additional washing and purification processes, low production efficiency, and the inability to be mass-produced are avoided. The preparation method of the present invention is highly environmentally friendly, will not introduce too many impurities, does not require complex washing and purification processes, has high production efficiency, can achieve single-batch 100g-level preparation, can be industrially produced, and the obtained platinum-carbon catalyst has a small particle size, uniform dispersion, a high electrochemical active area and good ORR stability.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is the boiling point of the dispersion.

[0012] Preferably, the boiling point of the dispersion is 110-160°C, for example, 110°C, 120°C, 130°C, 140°C, 150°C or 160°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable, preferably 120-140°C.

[0013] The temperature of the hydrothermal reaction described in the present invention is the boiling point of the dispersion, which will affect the particle size of the platinum particles, thereby affecting the performance of the platinum-carbon catalyst. If the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is too high, the particle size of the finished catalyst will be larger. If the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is too low, the Pt nanoparticles cannot be completely reduced and grown.

[0014] Preferably, the hydrothermal reaction time is 1-6 h, for example, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h or 6 h, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0015] Preferably, the rotation speed of the hydrothermal reaction is 150-400 rpm, for example, it can be 150 rpm, 200 rpm, 250 rpm, 300 rpm, 350 rpm or 400 rpm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable, preferably 200-300 rpm.

[0016] The stirring speed of the hydrothermal reaction of the present invention will also affect the particle size, thereby affecting the catalytic performance.

[0017] Preferably, the platinum salt is mixed in the form of a platinum salt solution, and the mass ratio of the platinum salt solution, the reducing agent and water is 1:(5-20):(4-15), for example, it can be 1:5:4, 1:10:7, 1:10:10, 1:15:13 or 1:20:15, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable, preferably 1:(9-15):(8-12).

[0018] The mass ratio of the reducing agent to water in the present invention will affect the boiling point of the dispersion, thereby affecting the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction. Therefore, the mass ratio of the reducing agent to water will also affect the performance of the catalyst.

[0019] Exemplarily, the concentration of the platinum salt solution is 40-60 g / L, for example, 40 g / L, 50 g / L or 60 g / L, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0020] Preferably, the mixing of the platinum salt, the reducing agent, water and the carbon carrier comprises first mixing the platinum salt, the reducing agent and water to obtain a mixture, and then ultrasonically dispersing the mixture and the carbon carrier.

[0021] Preferably, the platinum salt is mixed in the form of a platinum salt solution, and the mass ratio of the carbon carrier to the platinum salt solution is 1:(20-90), for example, it can be 1:20, 1:40, 1:60, 1:80 or 1:90, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable, preferably 1:(30-80).

[0022] Preferably, the ultrasonic dispersion time is 0.5-2h, for example, 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h or 2h, and the power is 300-1000W, for example, 300W, 500W, 700W, 900W or 1000W, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0023] Preferably, the washing comprises ultrasonic washing.

[0024] Preferably, the ultrasonic washing is performed 3-5 times, for example 3 times, 4 times or 5 times, and the time for each washing is 0.5-2h, for example 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h or 2h, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0025] Preferably, the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic washing is 300-1000W, for example, 300W, 500W, 700W, 900W or 1000W, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0026] Preferably, the platinum salt includes any one of chloroplatinic acid, potassium chloroplatinate, platinum acetylacetonate or platinous chloride, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0027] Preferably, the reducing agent comprises any one of ethylene glycol, butanediol, glycerol or benzyl alcohol or a combination of at least two thereof, preferably ethylene glycol.

[0028] Preferably, the carbon carrier includes any one of EC300-JD carbon black, EC600-JD carbon black, BP-2000 carbon black or XC-72 carbon black, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0029] Preferably, drying is performed after washing.

[0030] Preferably, the drying temperature is 60-80° C., for example, 60° C., 70° C. or 80° C., but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a platinum-carbon catalyst, which is prepared by the preparation method described in the first aspect.

[0032] Preferably, in the platinum-carbon catalyst, the platinum loading is 20-70wt%, for example, it can be 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt%, 50wt%, 60wt% or 70wt%, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0033] Preferably, in the platinum-carbon catalyst, the average particle size of the platinum particles is 2-5 nm, for example, 2 nm, 3 nm, 4 nm or 5 nm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0034] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, wherein the proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises the platinum-carbon catalyst as described in the second aspect.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] (1) The present invention does not introduce impurities such as dispersants and complexing agents during the synthesis process of the platinum-carbon catalyst, and the synthesis method is simple to operate and is green and environmentally friendly;

[0037] (2) The yield of the platinum-carbon catalyst obtained by the present invention can reach more than 95%, the reaction conditions are easy to control, and it can be mass-produced;

[0038] (3) The platinum nanoparticles on the platinum-carbon catalyst obtained by the present invention are evenly dispersed, and the catalyst particle size can be controlled within a range of 2nm-5nm. The platinum-carbon catalyst has a high electrochemical active area and good cycle stability. After a 3w cycle durability test, the mass specific activity retention rate can reach more than 78%, and has excellent catalytic performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 TEM image of the platinum-carbon catalyst obtained in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a particle size distribution diagram of platinum particles in the platinum-carbon catalyst obtained in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 The ORR curves of the platinum-carbon catalyst obtained in Example 1 of the present invention after the initial and every 10,000 cycles of stability testing;

[0042] Figure 4 The cyclic voltammetry curves of the platinum-carbon catalyst obtained in Example 1 of the present invention after the initial and every 10,000 cycles of stability testing;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the changes in area specific activity and mass specific activity of the platinum-carbon catalyst obtained in Example 1 of the present invention at the initial stage and after every 10,000 cycles of stability testing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by specific implementation methods. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are only to help understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0047] (1) 140 mL of 50 g / L chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate solution, 2 L of ethylene glycol and 1 L of ultrapure water were mixed and stirred to obtain a first dispersion; the mass ratio of the chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate solution, ethylene glycol and water was 1:14.3:7.15;

[0048] (2) Weigh 4 g of evenly ground ECP600JD carbon black, add it to the first dispersion, stir evenly, and then ultrasonicate at room temperature at 1000 W for 1 h to obtain a second dispersion;

[0049] The mass ratio of the carbon black to chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate is 1:35;

[0050] (3) The second dispersion was transferred into a glass reactor, the speed was set to 220 rpm, and the heating process was started after stirring for 1 h. After the temperature of the reaction liquid reached the boiling point (the boiling point was 130 °C), it was kept warm for 2 h, and then cooled to room temperature;

[0051] (4) The cooled reaction liquid was transferred into a positive pressure filter, and a constant pressure was maintained for solid-liquid separation. After the reaction liquid was separated, ultrapure water twice the volume of the reaction liquid was added and filtered again. The catalyst on the filter cake was collected, 2 L of ultrapure water was added, and ultrasonic washing was performed at room temperature at 1000 W for 1 h, followed by filtering. After the filter cake washing-filtering step was repeated 3 times, the filter cake was placed in a vacuum oven and dried at 80° C. to obtain the platinum-carbon catalyst. The TEM image of the platinum-carbon catalyst is shown in FIG. Figure 1 The particle size distribution of platinum particles is shown in Figure 2 As shown, the ORR curves at the initial and every 10,000 cycles of stability testing are as follows Figure 3 The cyclic voltammetry curves at the initial stage and after every 10,000 cycles of stability testing are shown in Figure 4 As shown, the area specific activity and mass specific activity changes after the initial and every 10,000 cycles of stability testing are shown in Figure 5 shown.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0054] (1) mixing 140 mL of 50 g / L chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate solution, ethylene glycol and ultrapure water and stirring them uniformly to obtain a first dispersion; the mass ratio of the chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate solution, ethylene glycol and water is 1:5:4;

[0055] (2) Weighing and grinding ECP600JD carbon black, adding it to the first dispersion, stirring it evenly, and then ultrasonicating it at room temperature at 300W for 2h to obtain a second dispersion;

[0056] The mass ratio of the carbon black to the hexahydrate chloroplatinic acid solution is 1:20;

[0057] (3) The second dispersion was transferred into a glass reactor, the speed was set to 400 rpm, and the heating process was started after stirring for 1 hour. After the temperature of the reaction liquid reached the boiling point (the boiling point was 140°C), it was kept warm for 1 hour, and then cooled to room temperature;

[0058] (4) The cooled reaction liquid is transferred into a positive pressure filter, and a constant pressure is maintained for solid-liquid separation. After the separation, ultrapure water twice the volume of the reaction liquid is added and filtered again. The catalyst on the filter cake is collected, and 2 L of ultrapure water is added. The filter cake is ultrasonically washed at 300 W for 2 h at room temperature, and then filtered. After the filter cake washing-filtering step is repeated 5 times, the filter cake is placed in a vacuum oven and dried at 60° C. to obtain the platinum-carbon catalyst.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0061] (1) mixing 140 mL of 50 g / L chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate solution, ethylene glycol and ultrapure water and stirring them uniformly to obtain a first dispersion; the mass ratio of the chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate solution, ethylene glycol and water is 1:15:15;

[0062] (2) Weighing and grinding ECP600JD carbon black, adding it to the first dispersion, stirring it evenly, and then ultrasonicating it at room temperature at 1000W for 0.5h to obtain a second dispersion;

[0063] The mass ratio of the carbon black to the hexahydrate chloroplatinic acid solution is 1:90;

[0064] (3) The second dispersion was transferred into a glass reactor, the speed was set to 150 rpm, and the heating process was started after stirring for 1 h. After the temperature of the reaction liquid reached the boiling point (the boiling point was 120 °C), it was kept warm for 6 h, and then cooled to room temperature;

[0065] (4) The cooled reaction liquid is transferred into a positive pressure filter, and a constant pressure is maintained for solid-liquid separation. After the separation, ultrapure water twice the volume of the reaction liquid is added and filtered again. The catalyst on the filter cake is collected, and 2 L of ultrapure water is added. The filter cake is ultrasonically washed at room temperature at 1000 W for 0.5 h, and then filtered. After the filter cake washing-filtering step is repeated 4 times, the filter cake is placed in a vacuum oven and dried at 80° C. to obtain the platinum-carbon catalyst.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that in step (3), the temperature of the reaction solution is raised to 110° C. for hydrothermal reaction.

[0068] Example 5

[0069] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that in step (3), the temperature of the reaction solution is raised to 160° C. for hydrothermal reaction.

[0070] Example 6

[0071] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that in step (3), the temperature of the reaction solution is raised to 100° C. for hydrothermal reaction.

[0072] Example 7

[0073] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that in step (3), the temperature of the reaction solution is raised to 175° C. for hydrothermal reaction.

[0074] Example 8

[0075] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that the rotation speed in step (3) is 100 rpm.

[0076] Example 9

[0077] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that the rotation speed in step (3) is 450 rpm.

[0078] Example 10

[0079] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that the ultrasonic washing time in step (4) is 0.2 h.

[0080] Embodiment 11

[0081] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that the ultrasonic washing time in step (4) is 2.5 hours.

[0082] Example 12

[0083] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that ultrasound is not performed during the washing in step (4).

[0084] Comparative Example 1

[0085] This comparative example provides a platinum-carbon catalyst (purchased from Johnson Matthey Group).

[0086] Comparative Example 2

[0087] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst, which is the same as Example 1 except that a dispersant ethylenediamine is added during the mixing in step (1) until the pH of the first dispersion reaches 10.

[0088] Comparative Example 3

[0089] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst, which is the same as Example 1 except that a complexing agent sodium citrate (the mass ratio of chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate to sodium citrate is 1:0.5) is added during the mixing in step (1).

[0090] The performance of the platinum-carbon catalyst described in the above embodiments and comparative examples was tested using a rotating disk electrode (RDE): 3 mg of the catalyst was dispersed in a mixture of 780 μL of isopropanol and 200 μL of deionized water, 20 μL of 5% Nafion solution was added, and ultrasonic treatment was performed for 1 hour. 10 μL of the dispersed solution was dripped onto the disk electrode, dried under a baking lamp, and used for testing. The specific electrochemical characterization test was carried out in a standard three-electrode system, with a carbon rod as the counter electrode and a saturated calomel electrode as the reference electrode. The ORR polarization curve was measured in an oxygen-saturated 0.1M HClO4 electrolyte, and the background CV curve was measured in a N2-saturated 0.1M HClO4 electrolyte. The scanning potential was 0.1-1.1 V vs RHE, and the scanning rate was 10 mV s -1 The scanning potential in the accelerated durability test procedure was 0.6-1.0 V vs. RHE and the scanning rate was 100 mV s -1 .

[0091] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0092] Table 1

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] From Table 1 we can see that:

[0096] (1) It can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 that the platinum-carbon catalyst prepared by the present invention has a smaller particle size, higher activity, lower mass ratio attenuation, and excellent catalytic performance, and can be industrialized and promoted. However, the platinum-carbon catalyst obtained in Comparative Examples 2-3 will have residual dispersant or complexing agent, and the performance of the obtained platinum-carbon catalyst is reduced; combined Figure 1 It can be seen that in the platinum-carbon catalyst prepared in Example 1, the platinum nanoparticles are uniformly loaded on the carbon carrier without agglomeration, and the average particle size is 3.1 nm. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, after 30,000 cycles of accelerated decay, the half-wave potential of Example 1 decayed by only 5 mV, the area specific activity (SA) decayed by 9.4%, and the mass specific activity (MA) decreased from 0.386 A mg Pt -1 Down to 0.302A mgPt -1 , the retention rate can reach 78.2%.

[0097] (2) It can be seen from Example 1 and Examples 4-7 that the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction of the present invention corresponds to the boiling point of the reaction solution. The present invention preferably conducts the hydrothermal reaction at the boiling point of the reaction solution to promote the loading of platinum and improve the performance of the platinum-carbon catalyst. It can be seen from Example 1 and Examples 8-9 that the stirring speed of the hydrothermal reaction of the present invention will affect the particle size, thereby affecting the performance of the platinum-carbon catalyst. It can be seen from Example 1 and Examples 10-12 that the cleaning effect of the platinum-carbon catalyst of the present invention has a significant effect on the final performance. This is because some residual reducing agent is still attached to the surface of the catalyst, which hinders the contact between the active sites of the platinum nanoparticles and the reactants.

[0098] In summary, the present invention provides a platinum-carbon catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. In the preparation method, no dispersant and complexing agent are added, and impurities will not be introduced into the platinum-carbon catalyst. The preparation method is simple to operate, the reaction conditions are easy to control, and it is suitable for mass production. The catalyst yield can reach more than 95%, and it has excellent catalytic performance.

[0099] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention are within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a platinum-carbon catalyst, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Platinum salt, a reducing agent, water and a carbon carrier are mixed to obtain a dispersion, and the dispersion is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction, washing and solid-liquid separation to obtain the platinum-carbon catalyst; In the preparation method, no complexing agent or dispersant is added.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is the boiling point of the dispersion; Preferably, the dispersion has a boiling point of 110-160°C, preferably 120-140°C.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hydrothermal reaction time is 1-6h; Preferably, the rotation speed of the hydrothermal reaction is 150-400 rpm, preferably 200-300 rpm.

4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The platinum salt is mixed in the form of a platinum salt solution, wherein the mass ratio of the platinum salt solution, the reducing agent and water is 1:(5-20):(4-15), preferably 1:(9-15):(8-12); Preferably, the mixing of the platinum salt, the reducing agent, water and the carbon carrier comprises first mixing the platinum salt, the reducing agent and water to obtain a mixture, and then ultrasonically dispersing the mixture and the carbon carrier; Preferably, the mixing is carried out in the form of a platinum salt solution, and the mass ratio of the carbon carrier to the platinum salt solution is 1:(20-90), preferably 1:(30-80); Preferably, the ultrasonic dispersion time is 0.5-2h, and the power is 300-1000W.

5. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The washing comprises ultrasonic washing; Preferably, the ultrasonic washing is performed 3-5 times, and the time for each washing is 0.5-2h; Preferably, the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic washing is 300-1000W.

6. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The platinum salt includes any one of chloroplatinic acid, potassium chloroplatinate, platinum acetylacetonate or platinous chloride, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the reducing agent comprises any one of ethylene glycol, butanediol, propylene glycol or benzyl alcohol or a combination of at least two thereof, preferably ethylene glycol; Preferably, the carbon carrier includes any one of EC300-JD carbon black, EC600-JD carbon black, BP-2000 carbon black or XC-72 carbon black, or a combination of at least two thereof.

7. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: After the washing, drying is also performed; Preferably, the drying temperature is 60-80°C.

8. A platinum-carbon catalyst, characterized in that The platinum-carbon catalyst is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The platinum-carbon catalyst according to claim 8, characterized in that In the platinum-carbon catalyst, the platinum loading is 20-70wt%; Preferably, in the platinum-carbon catalyst, the average particle size of the platinum particles is 2-5 nm.

10. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell, characterized in that: The proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises the platinum-carbon catalyst as claimed in claim 8 or 9.

Images