Self-adaptive arched supporting structure for cofferdam

Abstract

The invention provides a self-adaptive arched supporting structure for a cofferdam, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy constructions.The self-adaptive arched supporting structure comprises a first supporting unit and a second supporting unit, the first supporting unit and the second supporting unit are both arched, the first supporting unit is located on the protruding face of the second supporting unit, and the second supporting unit is located on the protruding face of the second supporting unit. The first supporting unit and the second supporting unit are both filled with aggregate, a first water absorption layer is arranged on the convex face of the first supporting unit, a second water absorption layer is arranged on the concave face of the second supporting unit, and the first water absorption layer and the second water absorption layer are both made of water absorption resin. The supporting structure is in an arch shape, a water absorbing material is laid, the water absorbing material absorbs water to expand, and gaps between aggregates filled in the supporting structure are filled with the water absorbing material, so that the supporting structure can achieve self-adaptive compaction, a stable mechanical structure is formed, water pressure is conducted to retaining walls on the two sides of the supporting structure, and then the influence of flood on the stability of the cofferdam is reduced; and the enclosure function and the safety performance of the cofferdam are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy construction, and in particular relates to an adaptive arch support structure for a cofferdam. Background Art

[0002] Cofferdam refers to a temporary retaining structure built for the construction of permanent water conservancy facilities in water conservancy project construction. Its function is to prevent water and soil from entering the construction site of the building so that drainage can be carried out in the cofferdam, foundation pits can be excavated, and buildings can be built. It is generally used in hydraulic structures.

[0003] The height of the cofferdam is generally higher than the highest water level that may occur during the construction period.

[0004] Conventional earth-rock cofferdams or concrete cofferdams are often used in the prior art, which have the following disadvantages:

[0005] 1. When using earth-rock cofferdams: (1) They are large in size and cross-section, and require a large amount of filling and anti-seepage work. The cofferdam construction takes a long time, making it difficult to quickly carry out the main construction (inside the foundation pit); (2) Since the cofferdam significantly narrows the river channel and reduces the flow cross-section, it becomes more difficult to divert the water, making it difficult to arrange diversion structures and increasing the risk of flooding.

[0006] 2. When using concrete cofferdams: (1) The cost of the cofferdam project is high and the investment is large, which is not economical; (2) Usually, a sub-cofferdam must be built first, and then the concrete cofferdam is constructed under the protection of the sub-cofferdam. The time from the start of construction of the cofferdam and its annexes to normal water retention is long, which is not conducive to meeting the construction schedule; (3) It is difficult to dismantle it at a later stage.

[0007] 3. During the flood season, excessive floods often affect the stability of the cofferdam, reducing its protective function and safety. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above difficulties and provide an adaptive arch support structure for a cofferdam. The adaptive arch support structure is arched and is provided with water-absorbing material. The water-absorbing material absorbs water and expands, filling the gaps between the aggregates filled in the support structure. Thus, the support structure can achieve adaptive compactness, form a stable mechanical structure, and transmit water pressure to the retaining walls on both sides of the support structure, thereby reducing the impact of excessive floods on the stability of the cofferdam during the flood season and improving the protection function and safety performance of the cofferdam.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] An adaptive arch support structure for a cofferdam comprises a first support unit and a second support unit, wherein the first support unit and the second support unit are both arched, the first support unit is located on a convex surface of the second support unit, the first support unit and the second support unit are both filled with aggregate, a first water-absorbing layer is arranged on the convex surface of the first support unit, and a second water-absorbing layer is arranged on the concave surface of the second support unit, and the first water-absorbing layer and the second water-absorbing layer are both made of water-absorbing resin.

[0011] Furthermore, the water absorption rate of the first water absorption layer is greater than the water absorption rate of the second water absorption layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the first support unit includes a first skeleton and several first filling layers, the first skeleton forms several first spaces, and the first filling layers fill the first spaces; the second support unit includes a second skeleton and several second filling layers, the second skeleton forms several second spaces, and the second filling layers fill the second spaces.

[0013] Furthermore, the average particle size of the aggregate in the first filling layer is less than or equal to the average particle size of the aggregate in the second filling layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the first space ≤ the second space.

[0015] Furthermore, the first skeleton and the second skeleton are both lattice steel wire mesh frames, and the steel wire diameter of the first skeleton is ≤ the steel wire diameter of the second skeleton.

[0016] Furthermore, a first filter layer is arranged on the convex surface of the first water absorbing layer, and a second filter layer is arranged on the concave surface of the second water absorbing layer.

[0017] Furthermore, the pore size of the first filter layer is larger than the pore size of the second filter layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the aggregate is expanded clay with a preset density.

[0019] A cofferdam comprises a retaining wall, a cofferdam body, the adaptive arch support structure, a concrete beam and a riprap slope protection, wherein the cofferdam body is arched, and both ends of the cofferdam body are connected to the retaining wall, the adaptive arch support structure is arranged on the convex surface of the cofferdam body, the riprap slope protection is arranged at the lower end of the convex surface of the adaptive arch support structure, and the concrete beam is arranged on the upper surface of the cofferdam body and the adaptive arch support structure.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The adaptive arch support structure used for cofferdams has graded aggregate inside and water-absorbing materials laid on the outside of the aggregates. The water-absorbing materials absorb water and expand, filling the gaps between the aggregates and squeezing the aggregates, so that the aggregates can be adaptively compacted and a stable mechanical structure is formed between the aggregates. Since the support structure is arched, the pressure on the convex surface can be transmitted to both ends of the arch and obtain retaining wall support.

[0022] 2. After the water-absorbing material absorbs water and expands, it can form an impermeable layer, and water will not seep into the supporting structure and cofferdam, thus avoiding the loss of aggregate particles in the cofferdam and supporting structure due to seepage, resulting in the reduction of the strength of the supporting structure and cofferdam or even damage;

[0023] 3. By setting two layers of support units, the two support units can respectively set the size of the skeleton, the size of the separation space, and the aggregate grading grade filled therein. The two support units are respectively provided with water-absorbing layers with different water absorption rates, so that the water absorption degree, self-compacting degree, and adaptive speed can best match the arch structure. The side in contact with water, i.e., the first support unit, is compacted first to eliminate part of the water pressure, and the side in contact with the cofferdam body, i.e., the second support unit, is compacted later to provide further support, so that the overall support structure and cofferdam can achieve optimal mechanical properties;

[0024] 4. The aggregate is ceramsite, which is a lightweight particle, which reduces the pressure on the cofferdam body caused by the gravity of the supporting structure itself and improves the overall mechanical properties of the cofferdam;

[0025] 5. The lattice grid and aggregate are used to form an overall supporting structure. The grid forms a tie structure to constrain the aggregate. By adjusting the aggregate grading level, a better overall supporting capacity is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic elevation diagram of the overall structure of the cofferdam according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic plan view of the overall structure of a cofferdam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an adaptive arch support structure for a cofferdam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Middle AA section view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] As attached Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0036] An adaptive arch support structure for a cofferdam comprises a first support unit and a second support unit, wherein the first support unit and the second support unit are both arched, the first support unit is located on a convex surface of the second support unit, the first support unit and the second support unit are both filled with aggregate, a first water-absorbing layer is arranged on the convex surface of the first support unit, and a second water-absorbing layer is arranged on the concave surface of the second support unit, and the first water-absorbing layer and the second water-absorbing layer are both made of water-absorbing resin.

[0037] Preferably, the water absorption rate of the first water absorption layer is greater than the water absorption rate of the second water absorption layer.

[0038] Preferably, the first support unit includes a first skeleton and several first filling layers, the first skeleton forms several first spaces, and the first filling layers fill the first spaces; the second support unit includes a second skeleton and several second filling layers, the second skeleton forms several second spaces, and the second filling layers fill the second spaces.

[0039] The first filling layers correspond to the first spaces one by one, and the second filling layers correspond to the second spaces one by one.

[0040] Preferably, the average particle size of the aggregate in the first filling layer is less than or equal to the average particle size of the aggregate in the second filling layer.

[0041] Preferably, the first space ≤ the second space.

[0042] Preferably, the first skeleton and the second skeleton are both lattice-type steel wire mesh frames, and the steel wire diameter of the first skeleton is ≤ the steel wire diameter of the second skeleton.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The difference from Example 1 is that Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a cofferdam, including a retaining wall, a cofferdam body, the adaptive arch support structure, a concrete beam and a riprap slope protection, the cofferdam body is arched, and both ends of the cofferdam body are connected to the retaining wall, the adaptive arch support structure is arranged on the convex surface of the cofferdam body, the riprap slope protection is arranged at the lower end of the convex surface of the adaptive arch support structure, and the concrete beam is arranged on the upper surface of the cofferdam body and the adaptive arch support structure.

[0045] In this embodiment, the adaptive arch support structure used for the cofferdam has graded aggregate inside, and water-absorbing material is laid on the outside of the aggregate. The water-absorbing material absorbs water and expands, fills the gaps between the aggregates, and squeezes the aggregates, so that the aggregates can be adaptively dense, and a stable mechanical structure is formed between the aggregates; because the support structure is an arch, the pressure on the convex surface can be transmitted to both ends of the arch, and the retaining wall support is obtained;

[0046] After the water-absorbing material absorbs water and expands, it can form an impermeable layer, and water will not seep into the supporting structure and cofferdam, thus avoiding the loss of aggregate particles in the cofferdam and supporting structure due to seepage, which will lead to the reduction of the strength of the supporting structure and cofferdam or even damage;

[0047] By setting two layers of support units, the two support units can respectively set the size of the skeleton, the size of the separation space, and the aggregate grading grade filled therein. The two support units are respectively provided with water-absorbing layers with different water absorption rates, so that the water absorption degree, self-compacting degree, and adaptive speed can best match the arch structure. The side in contact with water, i.e., the first support unit, is compacted first to eliminate part of the water pressure, and the side in contact with the cofferdam body, i.e., the second support unit, is compacted later to provide further support, so that the overall support structure and cofferdam can achieve optimal mechanical properties;

[0048] The aggregate is ceramsite, which is a lightweight particle that reduces the pressure on the cofferdam body caused by the gravity of the supporting structure itself and improves the overall mechanical properties of the cofferdam.

[0049] The lattice grid and aggregate are used to form an overall supporting structure. The grid forms a tie structure to constrain the aggregate. By adjusting the aggregate grading level, better overall supporting capacity is achieved.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] The difference from Example 1 and Example 2 is that Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the first filter layer is arranged on the convex surface of the first water absorbing layer, and the second filter layer is arranged on the concave surface of the second water absorbing layer.

[0052] Preferably, the pore size of the first filter layer is larger than the pore size of the second filter layer.

[0053] In some preferred implementation schemes of this embodiment, the first filter layer adopts geotextile and the second filter layer adopts geomembrane; the geotextile can filter silt, humus, etc. in the water to avoid damage to the first water absorption layer and the second water absorption layer. At the same time, the geomembrane can intercept fine aggregate in the supporting structure to avoid the loss of finer aggregate particles and cause imbalance in aggregate grading.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive arch support structure for a cofferdam, characterized in that: It includes a first support unit and a second support unit, the first support unit and the second support unit are both arched, the first support unit is located on the convex surface of the second support unit, the first support unit and the second support unit are both filled with aggregate, a first water-absorbing layer is arranged on the convex surface of the first support unit, and a second water-absorbing layer is arranged on the concave surface of the second support unit, and the first water-absorbing layer and the second water-absorbing layer are both made of water-absorbing resin.

2. The adaptive arch support structure for cofferdam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water absorption rate of the first water absorption layer is greater than the water absorption rate of the second water absorption layer.

3. The adaptive arch support structure for cofferdam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support unit includes a first skeleton and a plurality of first filling layers, the first skeleton forms a plurality of first spaces, and the first filling layers fill the first spaces; the second support unit includes a second skeleton and a plurality of second filling layers, the second skeleton forms a plurality of second spaces, and the second filling layers fill the second spaces.

4. The adaptive arch support structure for cofferdam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The average particle size of the aggregate in the first filling layer is less than or equal to the average particle size of the aggregate in the second filling layer.

5. The adaptive arch support structure for cofferdam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first space ≤ the second space.

6. The adaptive arch support structure for cofferdam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first skeleton and the second skeleton are both lattice steel wire mesh frames, and the steel wire diameter of the first skeleton is ≤ the steel wire diameter of the second skeleton.

7. The adaptive arch support structure for cofferdam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first filter layer is arranged on the convex surface of the first water absorbing layer, and the second filter layer is arranged on the concave surface of the second water absorbing layer.

8. The adaptive arch support structure for cofferdam according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pore size of the first filter layer is larger than the pore size of the second filter layer.

9. The adaptive arch support structure for cofferdam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aggregate is ceramsite of preset density.

10. A cofferdam, characterized in that: It includes a retaining wall, a cofferdam body, an adaptive arch support structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, a concrete beam and a riprap slope protection, wherein the cofferdam body is arched, and both ends of the cofferdam body are connected to the retaining wall, the adaptive arch support structure is arranged on the convex surface of the cofferdam body, the riprap slope protection is arranged at the lower end of the convex surface of the adaptive arch support structure, and the concrete beam is arranged on the upper surface of the cofferdam body and the adaptive arch support structure.

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