Lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device and method. The device comprises a liquid hydrogen steel cylinder inner container, a high-strength carbon fiber winding layer, a variable-density heat insulation winding layer, a liquid hydrogen steel cylinder outer container, a liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline, a liquid hydrogen steel cylinder pressurization pipeline, a liquid hydrogen steel cylinder root valve, a liquid hydrogen steel cylinder pressurization self-operated regulating valve, a liquid hydrogen steel cylinder safety valve, a liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline, a liquid hydrogen steel cylinder end cover and an ortho-parahydrogen conversion catalyst. The method is realized based on the device. According to the inner container, the weight of the liquid hydrogen steel cylinder is reduced, and the completeness of the whole structure is ensured; the high-strength carbon fiber winding layer improves the strength of the inner container and reduces the weight of the liquid hydrogen steel cylinder device; the variable-density heat insulation layer reduces radiative heat transfer of the liquid hydrogen steel cylinder device so as to reduce the evaporation rate of the steel cylinder; the outer side of the variable-density heat insulation layer of the inner container is arranged as a coil pipe to form a self-cooling screen; the built-in ortho-parahydrogen conversion catalyst is arranged, so that the ortho-parahydrogen conversion rate is increased, and the evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen steel cylinder is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cold liquid hydrogen storage, and in particular to a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device and method. Background Art

[0002] In existing technologies, hydrogen energy has the triple characteristics of "efficient and clean secondary energy, flexible and intelligent energy carrier, and green and low-carbon industrial raw material". It has gradually built diversified application scenarios in the fields of transportation, energy storage, power generation, industry, etc., and is considered to be a technical means to achieve carbon neutrality.

[0003] The development of a new generation of long-flight, high-power aircraft needs to be based on the research of efficient, clean and new energy power. On the basis of ensuring sufficient power, the weight of the fuel storage and supply system should be reduced to the maximum extent to effectively extend the cruising range. Since hydrogen fuel has a mass energy density three times higher than traditional aviation kerosene and can be produced from renewable energy through technologies such as electrolysis, hydrogen fuel has become the most attractive and efficient fuel for the next generation in the aviation field.

[0004] The hydrogen storage routes for hydrogen-powered aircraft include 35MPa (density 25kg / m3) and 70MPa (density 41kg / m3) high-pressure hydrogen and liquid hydrogen (standard density 70kg / m3) gasification supply solutions. Among them, liquid hydrogen has the highest hydrogen storage density, low operating pressure, and low safety risks, making it the best choice for hydrogen-powered aircraft.

[0005] Chinese invention patent CN117231916A "A Lightweight Liquid Hydrogen Storage and Supply System and Method" This patent discloses a lightweight liquid hydrogen storage and supply system and method, which involves the field of hydrogen energy technology. By utilizing the heat flow magnetic field effect and vaporization part pressurization of materials such as Be and Ga, a magnetocaloric heat exchanger for liquid hydrogen medium is designed, and the effective heat exchange area of ​​the magnetocaloric heat exchanger is controlled by adjusting the input current. However, this patent technology is difficult and is not convenient for use in civil fields such as locomotives and aircraft.

[0006] Chinese invention patent CN116895788A "A liquid hydrogen aircraft storage and supply system and method" This patent discloses a liquid hydrogen aircraft storage and supply system and method. The liquid hydrogen aircraft storage and supply system uses the low-temperature strong paramagnetism of oxygen molecules and the diamagnetic nature of nitrogen molecules to design a two-stage oxygen-enriched structure with gradually improved oxygen-nitrogen separation capacity, obtains high-oxygen air, and greatly improves the operating efficiency of hydrogen-air fuel cells; at the same time, the product water of the hydrogen-air fuel cell is exchanged with oxygen-poor air to produce a refrigeration effect before being emptied, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the air. The patent mainly improves the efficiency of the aircraft from the perspective of increasing high-oxygen air. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device and method to address the technical problem of difficulty in storing cold liquid hydrogen.

[0008] A lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device, comprising a liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container, a high-strength carbon fiber winding layer, a variable-density insulation winding layer, a liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container, a liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline, a liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline, a liquid hydrogen cylinder root valve, a liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing self-acting regulating valve, a liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve, a liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline, a liquid hydrogen cylinder end cap, and a normal-parahydrogen conversion catalyst; The high-strength carbon fiber winding layer is wound around the outer side of the inner container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder, the variable-density insulation winding layer is wound around the outer side of the high-strength carbon fiber winding layer, and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline is wound around the outer side of the variable-density insulation winding layer; The liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container and the liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container constitute a liquid hydrogen cylinder; The outer container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is covered with a variable density insulation winding layer, the inner container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is built with a normal-parahydrogen conversion catalyst, and the end cap of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is arranged at the inner container mouth of the liquid hydrogen cylinder; The root valve of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is arranged on the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline, and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline is respectively connected to the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization self-acting regulating valve and the liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve; The upper part of the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline is connected to the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline, and the upper part of the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline is connected to the liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve.

[0009] Further, in a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device, the high-strength carbon fiber winding layer is tightly wound around the outer side of the container in the liquid hydrogen cylinder at an angle of 3-25°; The high-strength carbon fiber winding layer and the inner container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder are bonded and fixed by ultra-low temperature glue; The overall structure of the variable density thermal insulation winding layer is wound around the outside of the high-strength carbon fiber winding layer, and the space between the inner container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder and the outer container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is a high vacuum.

[0010] Furthermore, a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device, wherein the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipelines are combined and arranged on one side of the inner container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder, and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipelines are wound around the outer side of the variable density insulation winding layer at an angle of 5-20 degrees to form a self-cooling shield; The liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline is arranged beside the inner container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device, wherein the container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, the container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is formed by an integral drawing process, and the variable density insulation wrapping layer is made by alternately wrapping glass fiber paper and aluminum foil; The outer container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is made of stainless steel, and the mirror surface of the outer container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is polished; The design pressure of the outer container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is 1.6-2.0MPa.

[0012] Furthermore, a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device is provided. When the pressure of the container in the liquid hydrogen cylinder exceeds a set value, the safety valve of the liquid hydrogen cylinder opens, discharges hydrogen, reduces the pressure of the container in the liquid hydrogen cylinder, and maintains the container in the liquid hydrogen cylinder in a safe state.

[0013] Furthermore, a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device is provided. When the pressure of the container in the liquid hydrogen cylinder is lower than the set value, the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization self-acting regulating valve opens, and the liquid hydrogen flows out from the container in the liquid hydrogen cylinder, absorbs heat from the environment through the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization pipeline, and turns into gas, and returns to the container in the liquid hydrogen cylinder to pressurize the container in the liquid hydrogen cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device is provided, wherein the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipelines, the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization pipeline, the liquid hydrogen cylinder root valve, the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization self-operated regulating valve, the liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve, and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipelines all adopt a vacuum tube structure.

[0015] A lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage method, comprising the following steps: When the liquid hydrogen cylinder needs to be refilled, the cylinder system sends a refueling signal to the control system, and the supercooled liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen filling station is transported to the inner container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder by the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline. Because the liquid hydrogen to be filled has a high degree of supercooling, the BOG in the inner container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is condensed during the filling process. No BOG reflux pipeline is set, and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipelines are combined; When the liquid hydrogen cylinder supplies gas to the outside, the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization self-acting regulating valve opens, and the liquid hydrogen is led out from the bottom of the inlet / outlet pipeline. It is vaporized on the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization pipeline close to the outer container of the liquid hydrogen cylinder and then returns to the gas phase space of the cylinder to pressurize the liquid hydrogen cylinder. The liquid hydrogen flows out through the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline, forming a self-cooling screen on the outside of the cylinder's cold insulation layer, thereby reducing the evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen cylinder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device and method are provided, liquid hydrogen is used as an energy carrier, an inner container is integrally drawn and formed using a high-strength aluminum alloy, the weight of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is reduced, and the overall structural completeness is ensured; a high-strength carbon fiber layer is wound around the outer side of the inner container to improve the strength of the inner container and reduce the weight of the liquid hydrogen cylinder device; a variable density insulation layer is wound around the outer side of the carbon fiber winding layer to reduce the radiation heat transfer of the liquid hydrogen cylinder device to reduce the evaporation rate of the cylinder; the inlet / outlet liquid pipelines of the liquid hydrogen cylinder device are combined and arranged in a coil outside the variable density insulation layer of the inner container to form a self-cooling screen; a built-in para-hydrogen conversion catalyst is provided to accelerate the para-hydrogen conversion rate and reduce the evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen cylinder; a liquid hydrogen cylinder self-pressurization system and a safety release system are provided to meet the use and safety requirements of the cylinder and ensure the safety, economy and environmental protection characteristics of the liquid hydrogen cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device.

[0018] Among them, 1-liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container, 2-high-strength carbon fiber winding layer, 3-variable density insulation winding layer, 4-liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container, 5-liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline, 6-liquid hydrogen cylinder booster pipeline, 7-liquid hydrogen cylinder root valve, 8-liquid hydrogen cylinder booster self-operated regulating valve, 9-liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve, 10-liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline, 11-liquid hydrogen cylinder end cover, 12-normal-para-hydrogen conversion catalyst. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device includes a liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container 1, a high-strength carbon fiber winding layer 2, a variable density insulation winding layer 3, a liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container 4, a liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 5, a liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization pipeline 6, a liquid hydrogen cylinder root valve 7, a liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization self-acting regulating valve 8, a liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve 9, a liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline 10, a liquid hydrogen cylinder end cover 11, and a normal-parahydrogen conversion catalyst 12; The high-strength carbon fiber winding layer 2 is wound around the outer side of the container 1 in the liquid hydrogen cylinder, the variable-density thermal insulation winding layer 3 is wound around the outer side of the high-strength carbon fiber winding layer 2, and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 5 is wound around the outer side of the variable-density thermal insulation winding layer 3; Among them, the high-strength carbon fiber winding layer 2 reduces the thickness of the aluminum alloy layer in the liquid hydrogen cylinder, thereby reducing the weight of the liquid hydrogen cylinder device without reducing the overall strength; Among them, the variable density insulation wrapping layer 3 reduces the radiation heat transfer of the liquid hydrogen cylinder device, thereby reducing the evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen cylinder device; The liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container 1 and the liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container 4 constitute a liquid hydrogen cylinder; The outer container 4 of the liquid hydrogen cylinder covers the variable density insulation wrapping layer 3, the inner container 1 of the liquid hydrogen cylinder has a built-in normal-parahydrogen conversion catalyst 12, and the end cap 11 of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is arranged at the opening of the inner container 1 of the liquid hydrogen cylinder; Among them, the ortho-parahydrogen conversion catalyst 12 accelerates the ortho-parahydrogen conversion of liquid hydrogen, absorbs the heat transmitted to the storage tank from the environment, and reduces the evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen cylinder.

[0021] The root valve 7 of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is arranged on the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline 10, and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline 10 is respectively connected to the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization self-acting regulating valve 8 and the liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve 9; The upper part of the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline 6 is connected to the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 5 , and the upper part of the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline 6 is connected to the liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve 9 .

[0022] Furthermore, in a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device, the high-strength carbon fiber winding layer 2 is tightly wound around the outer side of the container 1 in the liquid hydrogen cylinder at an angle of 3-25°; The high-strength carbon fiber winding layer 2 and the liquid hydrogen cylinder container 1 are bonded and fixed by ultra-low temperature glue; Among them, ultra-low temperature glue bonding and fixing ensures the tightness between the high-strength carbon fiber winding layer 2 and the container 1 in the liquid hydrogen cylinder; The whole structure of the variable density heat insulation winding layer 3 is wound around the outside of the high strength carbon fiber winding layer 2, and the space between the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container 1 and the liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container 4 is a high vacuum; Among them, high vacuum reduces the heat transfer molecules between the interlayers, reduces the thermal conductivity of the device, and thus reduces the evaporation rate of the device.

[0023] Furthermore, a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device, the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 5 is combined and arranged on one side of the container 1 in the liquid hydrogen cylinder, and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 5 is wound around the outer side of the variable density insulation winding layer 3 at an angle of 5-20° to form a self-cooling shield; Among them, the combined setting reduces the number of holes on the cylinder and reduces the risk of leakage; The liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline 6 is arranged beside the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container 1.

[0024] Furthermore, a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device, wherein the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container 1 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container 1 adopts an integral drawing molding process, and the variable density insulation wrapping layer 3 is made by alternately wrapping glass fiber paper and aluminum foil; Among them, high-strength aluminum alloy has high allowable stress and low density, which can reduce the weight of the material under the same design pressure, thus achieving the purpose of reducing the weight of liquid hydrogen cylinders for aircraft; Among them, the overall drawing process has no longitudinal or circumferential welds, ensuring the overall structure is stable and safe; The liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container 4 is made of stainless steel, and the mirror surface of the outer surface of the liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container 4 is polished; The design pressure of the liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container 4 is 1.6-2.0MPa; Among them, the design pressure adopts supercritical design pressure to extend the lossless storage time of supercooled liquid hydrogen.

[0025] Furthermore, a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device is provided. When the pressure of the container 1 in the liquid hydrogen cylinder exceeds a set value, the safety valve 9 of the liquid hydrogen cylinder opens, discharges hydrogen, and reduces the pressure of the container 1 in the liquid hydrogen cylinder, thereby maintaining the container 1 in a safe state.

[0026] Furthermore, a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device is provided. When the pressure of the liquid hydrogen cylinder container 1 is lower than the set value, the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization self-operated regulating valve 8 is opened, and the liquid hydrogen flows out of the liquid hydrogen cylinder container 1, and after absorbing heat from the environment through the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization pipeline 6, it becomes a gas and returns to the liquid hydrogen cylinder container 1 to pressurize the liquid hydrogen cylinder container 1.

[0027] Furthermore, a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device, wherein the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 5, the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization pipeline 6, the liquid hydrogen cylinder root valve 7, the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization self-operated regulating valve 8, the liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve 9, and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline 10 all adopt a vacuum tube structure; Among them, the vacuum tube structure reduces the heat entering the liquid hydrogen cylinder through the pipeline and reduces the evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen cylinder.

[0028] A lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage method, comprising the following steps: When the liquid hydrogen cylinder needs to be refilled, the cylinder system sends a refilling signal to the control system, and the supercooled liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen filling station is transported to the inner container 1 of the liquid hydrogen cylinder by the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline 10. Because the liquid hydrogen to be refilled has a high degree of supercooling, the BOG in the inner container 1 of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is condensed during the refilling process, and no BOG reflux pipeline is set, and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 5 is combined; When the liquid hydrogen cylinder supplies gas to the outside, the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization self-operated regulating valve 8 is opened, the liquid hydrogen is led out from the bottom of the liquid inlet / outlet pipeline 5, and is vaporized on the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization pipeline 6 close to the liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container 4 and then returns to the gas phase space of the cylinder, thereby pressurizing the liquid hydrogen cylinder. The liquid hydrogen flows out through the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 5, forming a self-cooling screen on the outside of the cylinder's cold insulation layer, thereby reducing the evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen cylinder.

[0029] This scheme adopts a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device and method, which is suitable for systems such as hydrogen-powered aircraft that are sensitive to the quality of hydrogen storage devices. The liquid hydrogen cylinder device is an integrally drawn aluminum alloy inner container, which reduces the thickness of the inner container and reduces the weight of the liquid hydrogen cylinder device; a high-strength carbon fiber layer is wrapped around the outer side of the container to improve the strength of the inner container and reduce the weight of the liquid hydrogen cylinder device; a variable density insulation layer is wrapped around the outer side of the carbon fiber winding layer to reduce the radiation heat transfer of the liquid hydrogen cylinder device to reduce the evaporation rate of the cylinder; the inlet / outlet liquid pipelines of the liquid hydrogen cylinder device are combined and arranged in a coil outside the variable density insulation layer of the inner container to form a self-cooling screen; a built-in ortho-parahydrogen conversion catalyst is used to accelerate the ortho-parahydrogen conversion rate and reduce the evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen cylinder; a liquid hydrogen cylinder self-pressurization system and a safety release system are set to meet the use and safety needs of the cylinder and ensure the safety, economy and environmental protection characteristics of the liquid hydrogen cylinder.

[0030] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: It comprises a liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container (1), a high-strength carbon fiber winding layer (2), a variable-density insulation winding layer (3), a liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container (4), a liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (5), a liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline (6), a liquid hydrogen cylinder root valve (7), a liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing self-operated regulating valve (8), a liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve (9), a liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline (10), a liquid hydrogen cylinder end cover (11), and a normal-para-hydrogen conversion catalyst (12); The high-strength carbon fiber winding layer (2) is wound around the outer side of the container (1) in the liquid hydrogen cylinder, the variable-density thermal insulation winding layer (3) is wound around the outer side of the high-strength carbon fiber winding layer (2), and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (5) is wound around the outer side of the variable-density thermal insulation winding layer (3); The liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container (1) and the liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container (4) constitute a liquid hydrogen cylinder; The outer container (4) of the liquid hydrogen cylinder covers the variable density insulation wrapping layer (3), the inner container (1) of the liquid hydrogen cylinder has a built-in ortho-para hydrogen conversion catalyst (12), and the end cover (11) of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is arranged at the mouth of the inner container (1) of the liquid hydrogen cylinder; The base valve (7) of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is arranged on the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline (10), and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline (10) is respectively connected to the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization self-operated regulating valve (8) and the liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve (9); The upper part of the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline (6) is connected to the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (5), and the upper part of the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline (6) is connected to the liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve (9).

2. A lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-strength carbon fiber winding layer (2) is tightly wound around the outer side of the liquid hydrogen cylinder container (1) at an angle of 3-25°; The high-strength carbon fiber winding layer (2) and the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container (1) are bonded and fixed by ultra-low temperature glue; The overall structure of the variable density heat insulation winding layer (3) is wound around the outside of the high strength carbon fiber winding layer (2), and the space between the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container (1) and the liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container (4) is a high vacuum.

3. A lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (5) is arranged on one side of the inner container (1) of the liquid hydrogen cylinder, and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (5) is wound around the outer side of the variable density insulation winding layer (3) at an angle of 5-20 degrees to form a self-cooling shield; The liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline (6) is arranged beside the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container (1).

4. A lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container (1) is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container (1) is formed by an integral drawing process, and the variable density insulation wrapping layer (3) is formed by alternately wrapping glass fiber paper and aluminum foil; The material of the liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container (4) is stainless steel, and the mirror surface of the outer surface of the liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container (4) is polished; The design pressure of the outer container (4) of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is 1.6-2.0 MPa.

5. A lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the pressure of the container (1) in the liquid hydrogen cylinder exceeds the set value, the safety valve (9) of the liquid hydrogen cylinder opens, discharges hydrogen gas, and reduces the pressure of the container (1) in the liquid hydrogen cylinder, thereby maintaining the container (1) in a safe state.

6. A lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the pressure of the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container (1) is lower than the set value, the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing self-operated regulating valve (8) opens, and liquid hydrogen flows out of the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container (1), absorbs heat from the environment through the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline (6), and turns into gas, and returns to the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container (1), thereby pressurizing the liquid hydrogen cylinder inner container (1).

7. A lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (5), the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing pipeline (6), the liquid hydrogen cylinder root valve (7), the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurizing self-operated regulating valve (8), the liquid hydrogen cylinder safety valve (9), and the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline (10) all adopt a vacuum tube structure.

8. A lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage method, implemented based on a lightweight supercooled liquid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps are: When the liquid hydrogen cylinder needs to be refilled, the cylinder system sends a refilling signal to the control system, and the supercooled liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen refueling station is transported to the inner container (1) of the liquid hydrogen cylinder by the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet vacuum pipeline (10). Since the liquid hydrogen to be refilled has a high degree of supercooling, the BOG in the inner container (1) of the liquid hydrogen cylinder is condensed during the refilling process, and no BOG return pipeline is provided. The liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (5) is provided in a combined manner; When the liquid hydrogen cylinder supplies gas to the outside, the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization self-acting regulating valve (8) is opened, and the liquid hydrogen is led out from the bottom of the liquid inlet / outlet pipeline (5), and then gasified on the liquid hydrogen cylinder pressurization pipeline (6) close to the liquid hydrogen cylinder outer container (4) and returned to the cylinder gas phase space, pressurizing the liquid hydrogen cylinder, and the liquid hydrogen flows out through the liquid hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (5), forming a self-cooling screen outside the cylinder cold insulation layer, thereby reducing the evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen cylinder.

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