Intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control, in particular to an intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings, which comprises a soil water and fertilizer state monitoring module, a water and fertilizer demand analysis module, a water and fertilizer amount adjustment module, a time period optimization module, an execution control module and a resource monitoring module. According to the invention, water and fertilizer strips required by seedling growth can be accurately mastered by monitoring the soil moisture and fertility state in real time, and compared with a preset standard, irrigation and fertilization requirements can be accurately evaluated, resource waste is reduced, the water and fertilizer use efficiency is improved, and by considering future weather conditions and soil temperature and adjusting the water and fertilizer delivery amount, the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved. According to the method, uncertain influences caused by weather changes are reduced, the optimal fertilization and irrigation time periods are recognized, the timeliness and effectiveness of irrigation and fertilization are improved, continuous operation of irrigation and fertilization is guaranteed by monitoring the resource use state in real time and feeding back low stock information in time, and interruption of irrigation and fertilization caused by resource shortage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control, and in particular to an intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings. Background Art

[0002] The field of automatic control technology aims to monitor and adjust the operating status of equipment or systems by using computer programs or other automated mechanisms, so as to achieve the predetermined management and control objectives without direct human intervention. The field of automatic control technology is widely used in various scenarios such as industrial production, environmental management, transportation systems, household appliances, and precision agriculture. In automatic control systems, key technologies include sensor technology, data acquisition systems, real-time feedback mechanisms, control algorithm design, and actuators. Automatic control systems can automatically detect environmental changes, process data in real time, and adjust operating parameters according to preset programs to achieve automatic control effects.

[0003] Among them, the intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings is an irrigation automation solution designed for the cultivation and production of forestry seedlings. The main purpose of the system is to ensure that the seedlings receive uniform and appropriate water supply through intelligent management of the irrigation process, thereby improving the growth quality and production efficiency of the seedlings. By integrating environmental monitoring sensors and automatic control algorithms, the timing and amount of irrigation can be precisely controlled. It not only helps to save water and reduce labor costs, but also optimizes the allocation of water resources according to the actual needs of seedling growth, supporting sustainable forestry development.

[0004] Traditional irrigation systems lack the ability to respond quickly and adjust precisely to real-time changes. Traditional systems fail to effectively integrate and utilize real-time environmental data, resulting in uneven use of water and fertilizer, affecting the balance and quality of seedling growth. Traditional systems are unable to integrate future weather forecasts with real-time soil conditions, resulting in the inability to optimize resource allocation, resulting in excess or insufficient resources, increasing production costs and waste of resources. The lack of effective resource monitoring and early warning mechanisms leads to emergency situations during the irrigation process where resources are urgently needed due to insufficient resources, affecting the continuity and efficiency of irrigation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose an intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings, the system comprising: The soil water and fertilizer status monitoring module collects the current soil moisture and fertility status data based on the forestry seedling planting environment to obtain real-time water and fertilizer data information; The water and fertilizer demand analysis module analyzes the deviation between the real-time water and fertilizer data and the preset standard based on the real-time water and fertilizer data information, evaluates the irrigation and fertilization demand of forestry seedlings, and obtains the irrigation and fertilization demand data; The water and fertilizer amount adjustment module adjusts the irrigation and fertilization amounts based on the irrigation and fertilization demand data, combined with the weather conditions in the future period and the current soil temperature, to obtain optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information; The time period optimization module identifies the target irrigation and fertilization time period based on the optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information, combined with the weather conditions in the future period, the growth stage of forestry seedlings and the fertilizer type, and obtains the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information; The execution control module performs irrigation and fertilization operations on the forestry seedlings based on the optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information and the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information to obtain irrigation and fertilization implementation information; The resource monitoring module monitors the remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water based on the irrigation and fertilization implementation information, and notifies the management personnel to add fertilizer liquid and irrigation water when the remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water is lower than a preset threshold, thereby obtaining fertilizer liquid and irrigation water storage control information.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the real-time water and fertilizer data information includes real-time soil moisture level and fertility status indicators, the irrigation and fertilization demand data includes target water volume, target fertilizer type and target fertilizer amount, the optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information includes adjusted irrigation amount and fertilization amount, the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information includes irrigation start time, fertilization start time and expected irrigation and fertilization duration, the irrigation and fertilization implementation information includes irrigation execution time, fertilization execution amount and execution error record, and the fertilizer liquid and irrigation water storage control information includes current fertilizer liquid storage, current irrigation water storage and next replenishment warning time.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the soil water and fertilizer status monitoring module includes: The sensor calibration submodule calibrates the soil fertility sensor and soil moisture sensor based on the forestry seedling planting environment, compares the sensor output with known standard samples, adjusts the sensor parameters, optimizes the sensor error, and obtains the sensor accuracy adjustment result; The environmental data acquisition submodule collects soil moisture and fertility data in the forestry seedling planting area by periodically reading sensor data based on the sensor accuracy adjustment result, and screens the data to remove abnormal data to generate real-time soil condition information; The data recording submodule formats the data based on the real-time soil condition information, and performs time stamping, location classification and parameter indexing on the data, optimizes the traceability and accessibility of the data, and obtains real-time water and fertilizer data information.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the water and fertilizer demand analysis module includes: The standard value acquisition submodule obtains the standard planting moisture and fertility value of the current forestry seedlings based on the real-time water and fertilizer data information, according to the type of the current forestry seedlings, combined with the generation stage of the forestry seedlings, and through the forestry seedling planting history records, and obtains the standard planting information; The deviation calculation submodule compares the current water and fertilizer data with the standard planting moisture and fertility values ​​based on the standard planting information, calculates and analyzes the deviation values ​​of soil moisture and fertility, and obtains the demand deviation analysis results; The demand assessment submodule calculates the irrigation and fertilization amounts required for forestry seedlings based on the demand deviation analysis results and the size of the deviation value using a linear regression algorithm to obtain irrigation and fertilization demand data.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the linear regression algorithm is according to the formula: ; Calculate the fertigation demand data, where: is the predicted fertigation demand data, is the intercept, is the slope, is the coefficient of the square of the deviation, is the temperature regulation coefficient, is the actual measured soil temperature, is the influence coefficient of soil saturation, is the soil saturation.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the water and fertilizer amount adjustment module includes: The weather data integration submodule collects weather forecast information for future periods from multiple meteorological data sources based on the irrigation and fertilization demand data, including rainfall probability, rainfall amount and temperature, and obtains current soil temperature information through temperature sensors, performs data integration, and obtains weather condition data; The weather impact assessment submodule assesses the impact of rainfall on soil moisture and the impact of temperature change on fertilizer absorption rate based on the weather condition data to obtain a weather impact assessment result; The strategy generation submodule uses a genetic algorithm based on the weather impact assessment results and the irrigation and fertilization demand data to calculate the irrigation and fertilization amounts required under differentiated weather conditions, formulate matching irrigation and fertilization strategies, including the irrigation and fertilization amounts and fertilization concentrations, and obtain optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the genetic algorithm is according to the formula: ; Calculate the optimized irrigation and fertilization strategy, where For the optimized irrigation and fertilization strategy, For the current strategy, and Candidate strategies generated for differentiated gas conditions, is the cross factor, is the current environment status, is the historical average environmental state, is the environmental impact factor, is the adjustment factor.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the time period optimization module includes: The growth stage analysis submodule analyzes the differentiated growth stage characteristics of forestry seedlings based on the optimized irrigation and fertilization information and the historical planting records of forestry seedlings, identifies the absorption period of water and nutrients in each stage, and obtains the growth stage characteristic analysis results; The time window calculation submodule calculates the target irrigation and fertilization time window based on the growth stage characteristic analysis results, combined with the weather conditions, soil temperature and growth cycle of forestry seedlings in the future period, optimizes the irrigation and fertilization efficiency, and obtains the optimized time window selection result; The time scheduling submodule formulates matching irrigation and fertilization times based on the optimization time window selection result, adjusts and arranges corresponding operation schedules, matches environmental conditions in future time periods and the growth requirements of seedlings, and obtains optimized irrigation and fertilization time information.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, the execution control module includes: The solenoid valve operation submodule performs irrigation and fertilization operations on forestry seedlings by controlling the solenoid valve of the fertilizer liquid tank and the solenoid valve of the irrigation water tank based on the optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information and the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information, and obtains the solenoid valve operation information; The quantitative monitoring submodule monitors the irrigation and fertilization process in real time based on the solenoid valve operation information, records the flow rate and application amount of water and fertilizer through flow meters and pressure sensors, analyzes the consistency of data with target parameters, and obtains quantitative execution feedback information; The execution record submodule records and archives each irrigation and fertilization operation process, including operation time, duration and actual amount, based on the quantitative execution feedback information, stores the information, and obtains irrigation and fertilization implementation information.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the resource monitoring module includes: The liquid level monitoring submodule monitors the liquid level height of the fertilizer liquid tank and the irrigation water tank through a liquid level sensor based on the irrigation and fertilization implementation information to obtain real-time liquid level monitoring data; The stock assessment submodule assesses the current remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water based on the real-time liquid level monitoring data, analyzes the resource depletion time based on the current consumption rate, and obtains the remaining resource assessment result; The resource replenishment alarm submodule is based on the remaining resource evaluation result. When the remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water is lower than a preset threshold, it notifies the management personnel to replenish the fertilizer liquid and irrigation water and obtains the fertilizer liquid and irrigation water storage control information.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: In the present invention, by real-time monitoring of soil moisture and fertility status, the water and fertilizer requirements for seedling growth can be accurately grasped, and compared with preset standards, irrigation and fertilization needs can be accurately evaluated, reducing resource waste and improving the efficiency of water and fertilizer use. By considering future weather conditions and soil temperature, the amount of water and fertilizer input is adjusted, resource allocation is optimized, the uncertain effects caused by weather changes are reduced, and the best fertilization and irrigation time periods are identified, thereby improving the timeliness and effectiveness of irrigation and fertilization. By real-time monitoring of resource usage status and timely feedback of low inventory information, the continuous operation of irrigation and fertilization is guaranteed, and irrigation and fertilization interruptions due to resource shortages are avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a system flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the soil water and fertilizer status monitoring module of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the water and fertilizer demand analysis module of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the water and fertilizer amount adjustment module of the present invention; Figure 6 A flow chart of the time period optimization module of the present invention; Figure 7 A flowchart of the control module for executing the present invention; Figure 8 It is a flow chart of the resource monitoring module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0020] Embodiment 1 See also Figure 1 , intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings, the system includes: The soil water and fertilizer status monitoring module is based on the forestry seedling planting environment. It monitors the seedling growth data through soil fertility sensors and soil moisture sensors, collects the current soil moisture and fertility status data, and obtains real-time water and fertilizer data information; The water and fertilizer demand analysis module compares the real-time water and fertilizer data information with the preset standard water and fertility values ​​of forestry seedlings, analyzes the deviation between the real-time water and fertilizer data and the preset standard, evaluates the irrigation and fertilization requirements of forestry seedlings, and obtains the irrigation and fertilization demand data; The water and fertilizer adjustment module adjusts the irrigation and fertilization amounts based on the irrigation and fertilization demand data, combined with the weather conditions in the future period and the current soil temperature. The weather conditions include rainfall probability, rainfall and temperature changes, and obtains the optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information; The time period optimization module is based on the information of optimized irrigation and fertilization amount, combined with the weather conditions in the future period, the growth stage of forestry seedlings and the type of fertilizer, to identify the target irrigation and fertilization time period, optimize the timeliness and effectiveness of irrigation and fertilization, and obtain the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information; The execution control module performs irrigation and fertilization operations on forestry seedlings based on the information of optimized irrigation and fertilization amount and optimized irrigation and fertilization time by controlling the solenoid valve of the fertilizer liquid tank and the solenoid valve of the irrigation water tank, and records the irrigation and fertilization process to obtain the irrigation and fertilization implementation information; The resource monitoring module monitors the water level of the fertilizer liquid tank and the irrigation water tank in real time through the liquid level sensor based on the irrigation and fertilization implementation information, monitors the remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water, and notifies the management personnel to add fertilizer liquid and irrigation water when the remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water is lower than the preset threshold, so as to obtain the storage control information of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water; Real-time water and fertilizer data information includes real-time soil moisture level and fertility status indicators, irrigation and fertilization demand data includes target water volume, target fertilizer type and target fertilizer amount, optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information includes adjusted irrigation amount and fertilization amount, optimized irrigation and fertilization time information includes irrigation start time, fertilization start time and expected irrigation and fertilization duration, irrigation and fertilization implementation information includes irrigation execution time, fertilization execution amount and execution error records, fertilizer liquid and irrigation water storage control information includes current fertilizer liquid reserves, current irrigation water reserves and next replenishment warning time.

[0021] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 ,The soil water and fertilizer status monitoring module includes a sensor calibration submodule, an ,environmental data acquisition submodule, and a data recording submodule; The sensor calibration submodule calibrates the soil fertility sensor and soil moisture sensor based on the forestry seedling planting environment, compares the sensor output with known standard samples, adjusts the sensor parameters, optimizes the sensor error, and obtains the sensor accuracy adjustment result. The specific process is as follows; The sensor calibration submodule calibrates the soil fertility sensor and soil moisture sensor based on the forestry seedling planting environment, using standard soil samples with known fertility and moisture values ​​to provide a calibration benchmark for the sensor. By measuring the difference between the sensor output and the standard sample, the error adjustment factor is used to adjust the parameters using the formula "adjusted output = original output + error adjustment factor × (standard sample value - original output)", ensuring that the sensor output can accurately reflect the actual soil conditions, optimize the sensor error, and obtain the sensor accuracy adjustment result.

[0022] Based on the sensor accuracy adjustment results, the environmental data acquisition submodule periodically reads sensor data to collect soil moisture and fertility data in the forestry seedling planting area, and screens the data to remove abnormal data to generate real-time soil condition information. The specific process is as follows: The environmental data acquisition submodule collects soil moisture and fertility data in the forestry seedling planting area by periodically reading sensor data based on the sensor accuracy adjustment results. During the data collection process, the data quality control formula "valid data = (current data point - minimum threshold) / (maximum threshold - minimum threshold)" is set to filter data that meets the quality standards. It can effectively remove abnormal data from all read data, such as data points that exceed the preset fertility and humidity range, and generate real-time soil condition information.

[0023] The data recording submodule formats the data based on the real-time soil condition information, and performs time stamping, location classification and parameter indexing on the data to optimize the traceability and accessibility of the data. The specific process of obtaining real-time water and fertilizer data information is as follows; The data recording submodule formats the data based on real-time soil condition information, and performs time stamping, location classification and parameter indexing on the data. The formula "recorded data = total data volume / number of data categories" is used to optimize the organizational structure of the data, enhance the traceability and accessibility of the data, and ensure that each type of data can be accurately archived and quickly retrieved to obtain real-time water and fertilizer data information.

[0024] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 ,The water and fertilizer demand analysis module includes the standard value acquisition submodule, the deviation calculation submodule, and the demand assessment submodule; The standard value acquisition submodule is based on real-time water and fertilizer data information, according to the type of current forestry seedlings, combined with the generation stage of forestry seedlings, and through the forestry seedling planting history records, to obtain the standard planting moisture and fertility values ​​of the current forestry seedlings. The specific process of obtaining standard planting information is as follows; The standard value acquisition submodule is based on real-time water and fertilizer data information. According to the current forestry seedling type and its growth stage, combined with historical planting records, it obtains the standard planting moisture and fertility values ​​suitable for the current stage. By analyzing the average moisture and fertility requirements of each growth stage in the historical data set, the formula "standard value = total / number of samples" is used to calculate the standard value of each stage, so as to guide the current planting management and obtain standard planting information.

[0025] The deviation calculation submodule compares the current water and fertilizer data with the standard planting moisture and fertility values ​​based on the standard planting information, calculates and analyzes the deviation values ​​of soil moisture and fertility, and obtains the demand deviation analysis results. The specific process is as follows; The deviation calculation submodule compares the current water and fertilizer data with the standard planting moisture and fertility values ​​based on the standard planting information. By applying the formula "deviation value = current value - standard value", the deviation of soil moisture and fertility is calculated to help determine the current state of the soil, provide a basis for adjusting management measures, and obtain the demand deviation analysis results.

[0026] The demand assessment submodule calculates the irrigation and fertilization required for forestry seedlings based on the demand deviation analysis results and the size of the deviation value using a linear regression algorithm. The specific process for obtaining the irrigation and fertilization demand data is as follows: The demand assessment submodule is based on the demand deviation analysis results. According to the size of the deviation value, it uses a linear regression algorithm to calculate the necessary irrigation and fertilization amounts, ensuring the accuracy of irrigation and fertilization to adapt to current soil conditions, obtain irrigation and fertilization demand data, and fine-tune the supply of water and fertilizer to support the healthy growth of forestry seedlings in the best way.

[0027] Linear regression algorithm, according to the formula: ; Calculate the fertigation demand data, where: is the predicted fertigation demand data, is the intercept, representing the basic irrigation and fertilization requirements, is the slope, indicating the deviation value Direct impact on fertigation demand, It is the input deviation value, usually the difference between the actual soil water and fertilizer conditions and the preset standard. is the coefficient of the square of the deviation value, which is used to adjust the nonlinear effect and enhance the sensitivity of the model. is the temperature regulation coefficient, which is related to the temperature Combined effect, reflecting the impact of temperature change on irrigation demand, is the actual measured soil temperature, is the soil saturation The influence coefficient of soil moisture is increased by is the soil saturation.

[0028] The specific execution process of the formula is as follows: Collect input deviation values , soil temperature and soil saturation ,use Calculate the base effect of the deviation and add To consider the nonlinear effect of the deviation value, Introducing the regulating effects of temperature and soil saturation to obtain irrigation and fertilization demand data , and the coefficient , and Optimize through historical data regression analysis to improve the accuracy of predictions.

[0029] See also Figure 2 and Figure 5 ,The water and fertilizer quantity adjustment module includes a weather data integration submodule, a weather impact assessment submodule, and a strategy generation submodule; The weather data integration submodule collects weather forecast information for future periods from multiple meteorological data sources based on irrigation and fertilization demand data, including rainfall probability, rainfall and temperature, and obtains current soil temperature information through temperature sensors, integrates data, and obtains weather condition data in the following specific processes; The weather data integration submodule collects weather forecast information for future periods from multiple meteorological data sources based on irrigation and fertilization demand data, covering rainfall probability, rainfall and temperature, and obtains current soil temperature information in real time through temperature sensors installed in the soil. All collected data are summarized and analyzed using the formula "integrated data = (rainfall + temperature + soil temperature) / number of data sources" to ensure that comprehensive and accurate weather condition data is provided for subsequent processing to obtain weather condition data.

[0030] The weather impact assessment submodule assesses the impact of rainfall on soil moisture and the impact of temperature changes on fertilizer absorption rate based on weather condition data. The specific process of obtaining the weather impact assessment results is as follows: The weather impact assessment submodule analyzes how the upcoming rainfall and temperature changes affect soil moisture and fertilizer absorption based on the integrated weather data. The analysis uses the formula "humidity adjustment = rainfall × soil water absorption coefficient" and analyzes the impact of temperature on fertilizer absorption using the formula "fertilizer absorption rate = basic absorption rate + temperature adjustment coefficient × (current temperature - average temperature)". The assessment helps farm managers understand how weather affects crop growth needs and obtain weather impact assessment results.

[0031] The strategy generation submodule uses genetic algorithms to calculate the required irrigation and fertilization amounts under differentiated weather conditions based on the weather impact assessment results and the irrigation and fertilization demand data, and formulates matching irrigation and fertilization strategies, including the amount and concentration of irrigation and fertilization. The specific process of obtaining optimized irrigation and fertilization information is as follows; The strategy generation submodule is based on the weather impact assessment results and irrigation and fertilization demand data. By deeply analyzing the differences between weather forecasts and crop needs, and using genetic algorithms, it calculates the irrigation and fertilization amounts under specific weather conditions, thereby formulating irrigation and fertilization strategies that are both water-saving and efficient, and obtaining irrigation and fertilization information optimized for specific weather conditions, which can ensure that crops receive the best growth support under different weather conditions.

[0032] Genetic algorithm, according to the formula: ; Calculate the optimized irrigation and fertilization strategy, where For the optimized irrigation and fertilization strategy, For the current strategy, and Candidate strategies generated for differentiated gas conditions, is the cross factor, is the current environment status, is the historical average environmental state, is the environmental impact factor, It is an adjustment factor used to balance the impact of environmental changes on the strategy.

[0033] The specific execution process of the formula is as follows: First, select two parent individuals and , based on different weather forecast models, calculate the current strategy The difference from the parent strategy is determined by the crossover factor Determine the impact strength of the difference and introduce environmental status and historical average state To assess the deviation of the current environment from the normal state, the environmental impact factors Calculate the intensity of environmental deviation and adjust the factor It is used to adjust the influence of environmental changes on the final strategy to ensure that the strategy reflects actual needs. The final strategy is calculated through the above steps. , ensuring that irrigation and fertilization strategies are adapted to actual environmental conditions.

[0034] See also Figure 2 and Figure 6 ,The time period optimization module includes the growth stage analysis submodule, the time window calculation submodule, and the time scheduling submodule; The growth stage analysis submodule is based on optimizing irrigation and fertilization information, analyzing the differentiated growth stage characteristics of forestry seedlings according to the historical planting records of forestry seedlings, identifying the absorption period of water and nutrients in each stage, and obtaining the growth stage characteristic analysis results. The specific process is as follows; The growth stage analysis submodule uses the historical planting records of forestry seedlings to conduct a detailed analysis of seedlings at different growth stages based on the information of optimized irrigation and fertilization. The water and nutrient absorption efficiency of each growth stage is calculated using the formula "absorption efficiency = (cumulative absorption / total demand) × 100%". This analysis helps identify the changes in the water and nutrient requirements of seedlings at each stage of their growth cycle, thereby clarifying the characteristics of each stage and obtaining the results of the growth stage characteristic analysis.

[0035] The time window calculation submodule calculates the target irrigation and fertilization time window based on the growth stage characteristic analysis results, combined with the weather conditions, soil temperature and growth cycle of forestry seedlings in the future period, optimizes the irrigation and fertilization efficiency, and obtains the optimized time window selection result. The specific process is as follows; The time window calculation submodule calculates the time window for irrigation and fertilization based on the analysis results of the growth stage characteristics, combined with the upcoming weather conditions and soil temperature data. The formula "time window = (weather forecast period - minimum demand response time) / adjustment coefficient" is applied to consider the uncertainty of weather changes and the response speed of crops to immediate environmental changes, thereby optimizing the timing of irrigation and fertilization, ensuring that crops get sufficient water and nutrients when they need it most, and obtaining the optimal time window selection result.

[0036] The time scheduling submodule formulates the matching irrigation and fertilization time based on the optimization time window selection result, adjusts and arranges the corresponding operation schedule, matches the environmental conditions of the future period and the growth requirements of the seedlings, and obtains the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information. The specific process is as follows; The time scheduling submodule formulates specific irrigation and fertilization plans based on the results of the optimized time window selection. The formula "scheduling time = current date + (growth cycle / number of stages)" is used to match the appropriate irrigation and fertilization time for each growth stage. The strategy not only takes into account future environmental conditions, but also adjusts according to the specific growth needs of the seedlings, thereby ensuring the best match between irrigation and fertilization activities and the seedling growth stage and environmental conditions, obtaining optimized irrigation and fertilization time information, improving the timeliness and accuracy of irrigation and fertilization, and helping to improve overall agricultural production efficiency.

[0037] See also Figure 2 and Figure 7 , the execution control module includes a solenoid valve operation submodule, a quantitative monitoring submodule, and an execution record submodule; The solenoid valve operation submodule performs irrigation and fertilization operations on forestry seedlings by controlling the solenoid valve of the fertilizer liquid tank and the solenoid valve of the irrigation water tank based on the optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information and the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information. The specific process of obtaining the solenoid valve operation information is as follows; The solenoid valve operation submodule accurately controls the solenoid valves of the fertilizer liquid tank and the irrigation water tank based on the optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information and the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information. It uses the formula "opening time = (demand / flow rate)" to calculate the specific opening time of each solenoid valve according to the set fertilization and irrigation demand and the maximum flow rate of the system, ensuring that each operation can accurately provide sufficient water and nutrients to the forestry seedlings according to the predetermined needs, thereby obtaining the solenoid valve operation information.

[0038] The quantitative monitoring submodule monitors the irrigation and fertilization process in real time based on the solenoid valve operation information. It records the flow rate and application amount of water and fertilizer through flow meters and pressure sensors, analyzes the consistency of data with target parameters, and obtains the quantitative execution feedback information. The specific process is as follows; The quantitative monitoring submodule monitors the irrigation and fertilization process in real time based on the solenoid valve operation information, continuously records the flow rate and application amount of water and fertilizer through flow meters and pressure sensors, and uses the formula "actual application amount = flow rate × operation time" to compare the consistency of actual operation data with the predetermined target parameters. This real-time monitoring and data analysis ensures the accuracy and efficiency of the operation, while helping to adjust the operating parameters immediately to adapt to any deviations, thereby obtaining quantitative execution feedback information.

[0039] The execution record submodule records and archives each irrigation and fertilization operation process based on the quantitative execution feedback information, including the operation time, duration and actual amount, stores the information, and obtains the specific process of irrigation and fertilization implementation information as follows; The execution record submodule records the details of each irrigation and fertilization operation, including operation time, duration, and actual amount, based on quantitative execution feedback information. The efficiency and accuracy of each operation are evaluated through the formula "recording efficiency = (actual amount / planned amount) × 100%". All operation data are systematically stored and archived for future query and analysis, so as to obtain detailed irrigation and fertilization implementation information. The records not only provide reference for future operations, but also provide management with real-time data support and the ability to review historical data, ensuring the transparency and traceability of agricultural management.

[0040] See also Figure 2 and Figure 8 ,The resource monitoring module includes a liquid level monitoring submodule, a stock assessment submodule, and a resource replenishment alarm submodule; The liquid level monitoring submodule monitors the liquid level height of the fertilizer tank and the irrigation tank through the liquid level sensor based on the irrigation and fertilization implementation information, and the specific process of obtaining real-time liquid level monitoring data is as follows; The liquid level monitoring submodule uses liquid level sensors to accurately monitor the liquid level of fertilizer tanks and irrigation water tanks based on irrigation and fertilization implementation information. By reading the liquid level in real time and using the formula "current liquid level = maximum capacity × (current height / total container height)", the height data is converted into corresponding volume information to obtain accurate real-time liquid level monitoring data. The process ensures continuous monitoring of liquid resources in the irrigation and fertilization system and provides basic data for subsequent resource management.

[0041] The stock assessment submodule assesses the current remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water based on real-time liquid level monitoring data, analyzes the resource depletion time based on the current consumption rate, and obtains the remaining resource assessment results in the following specific processes; The stock assessment submodule assesses the current remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water based on real-time liquid level monitoring data. Combined with historical consumption rate data, the formula "estimated exhaustion time = current amount / average daily consumption" is applied to calculate the time when resources may be exhausted without replenishment. The assessment helps determine the continuous use cycle of resources and adjust resource management strategies to obtain the remaining resource assessment results.

[0042] The resource replenishment alarm submodule is based on the remaining resource evaluation results. When the remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water is lower than the preset threshold, it notifies the management personnel to replenish the fertilizer liquid and irrigation water. The specific process of obtaining the fertilizer liquid and irrigation water storage control information is as follows; The resource replenishment alarm submodule monitors the remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water in real time based on the remaining resource assessment results. When it is detected that the amount of any resource is lower than the preset safety threshold, an alarm is automatically issued to notify the management personnel to replenish it in time. The alarm uses the formula "trigger alarm = remaining amount < threshold". This mechanism ensures that irrigation and fertilization operations will not be interrupted due to resource depletion, thereby ensuring the continued healthy growth of forestry seedlings. Management personnel can respond in time to maintain the efficient operation of the system and obtain fertilizer liquid and irrigation water storage control information.

[0043] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical contents disclosed above to change or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. Intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings, characterized by: The system comprises: The soil water and fertilizer status monitoring module collects the current soil moisture and fertility status data based on the forestry seedling planting environment to obtain real-time water and fertilizer data information; The water and fertilizer demand analysis module analyzes the deviation between the real-time water and fertilizer data and the preset standard based on the real-time water and fertilizer data information, evaluates the irrigation and fertilization demand of forestry seedlings, and obtains the irrigation and fertilization demand data; The water and fertilizer amount adjustment module adjusts the irrigation and fertilization amounts based on the irrigation and fertilization demand data, combined with the weather conditions in the future period and the current soil temperature, to obtain optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information; The time period optimization module identifies the target irrigation and fertilization time period based on the optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information, combined with the weather conditions in the future period, the growth stage of forestry seedlings and the fertilizer type, and obtains the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information; The execution control module performs irrigation and fertilization operations on the forestry seedlings based on the optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information and the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information to obtain irrigation and fertilization implementation information; The resource monitoring module monitors the remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water based on the irrigation and fertilization implementation information, and notifies the management personnel to add fertilizer liquid and irrigation water when the remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water is lower than a preset threshold, thereby obtaining fertilizer liquid and irrigation water storage control information.

2. The intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The real-time water and fertilizer data information includes the real-time moisture level and fertility status indicators of the soil, the irrigation and fertilization demand data includes the target water volume, target fertilizer type and target fertilizer amount, the optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information includes the adjusted irrigation amount and fertilization amount, the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information includes the irrigation start time, the fertilization start time and the expected irrigation and fertilization duration period, the irrigation and fertilization implementation information includes the irrigation execution time, the fertilization execution amount and the execution error record, and the fertilizer liquid and irrigation water storage control information includes the current fertilizer liquid storage, the current irrigation water storage and the next replenishment warning time.

3. The intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil water and fertilizer status monitoring module comprises: The sensor calibration submodule calibrates the soil fertility sensor and soil moisture sensor based on the forestry seedling planting environment, compares the sensor output with known standard samples, adjusts the sensor parameters, optimizes the sensor error, and obtains the sensor accuracy adjustment result; The environmental data acquisition submodule collects soil moisture and fertility data in the forestry seedling planting area by periodically reading sensor data based on the sensor accuracy adjustment result, and screens the data to remove abnormal data to generate real-time soil condition information; The data recording submodule formats the data based on the real-time soil condition information, and performs time stamping, location classification and parameter indexing on the data, optimizes the traceability and accessibility of the data, and obtains real-time water and fertilizer data information.

4. The intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water and fertilizer demand analysis module includes: The standard value acquisition submodule obtains the standard planting moisture and fertility value of the current forestry seedlings based on the real-time water and fertilizer data information, according to the type of the current forestry seedlings, combined with the generation stage of the forestry seedlings, and through the forestry seedling planting history records, and obtains the standard planting information; The deviation calculation submodule compares the current water and fertilizer data with the standard planting moisture and fertility values ​​based on the standard planting information, calculates and analyzes the deviation values ​​of soil moisture and fertility, and obtains the demand deviation analysis results; The demand assessment submodule calculates the irrigation and fertilization amounts required for forestry seedlings based on the demand deviation analysis results and the size of the deviation value using a linear regression algorithm to obtain irrigation and fertilization demand data.

5. The intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The linear regression algorithm is based on the formula: ； Calculate the fertigation demand data, where: is the predicted fertigation demand data, is the intercept, is the slope, is the coefficient of the square of the deviation, is the temperature regulation coefficient, is the actual measured soil temperature, is the influence coefficient of soil saturation, is the soil saturation.

6. The intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water and fertilizer amount adjustment module includes: The weather data integration submodule collects weather forecast information for future periods from multiple meteorological data sources based on the irrigation and fertilization demand data, including rainfall probability, rainfall amount and temperature, and obtains current soil temperature information through temperature sensors, performs data integration, and obtains weather condition data; The weather impact assessment submodule assesses the impact of rainfall on soil moisture and the impact of temperature change on fertilizer absorption rate based on the weather condition data to obtain a weather impact assessment result; The strategy generation submodule uses a genetic algorithm based on the weather impact assessment results and the irrigation and fertilization demand data to calculate the irrigation and fertilization amounts required under differentiated weather conditions, formulate matching irrigation and fertilization strategies, including the irrigation and fertilization amounts and fertilization concentrations, and obtain optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information.

7. The intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The genetic algorithm, according to the formula: ； Calculate the optimized irrigation and fertilization strategy, where For the optimized irrigation and fertilization strategy, For the current strategy, and Candidate strategies generated for differentiated gas conditions, is the cross factor, is the current environment status, is the historical average environmental state, is the environmental impact factor, is the adjustment factor.

8. The intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The time period optimization module includes: The growth stage analysis submodule analyzes the differentiated growth stage characteristics of forestry seedlings based on the optimized irrigation and fertilization information and the historical planting records of forestry seedlings, identifies the absorption period of water and nutrients in each stage, and obtains the growth stage characteristic analysis results; The time window calculation submodule calculates the target irrigation and fertilization time window based on the growth stage characteristic analysis results, combined with the weather conditions, soil temperature and growth cycle of forestry seedlings in the future period, optimizes the irrigation and fertilization efficiency, and obtains the optimized time window selection result; The time scheduling submodule formulates matching irrigation and fertilization times based on the optimization time window selection result, adjusts and arranges corresponding operation schedules, matches environmental conditions in future time periods and the growth requirements of seedlings, and obtains optimized irrigation and fertilization time information.

9. The intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The execution control module comprises: The solenoid valve operation submodule performs irrigation and fertilization operations on forestry seedlings by controlling the solenoid valve of the fertilizer liquid tank and the solenoid valve of the irrigation water tank based on the optimized irrigation and fertilization amount information and the optimized irrigation and fertilization time information, and obtains the solenoid valve operation information; The quantitative monitoring submodule monitors the irrigation and fertilization process in real time based on the solenoid valve operation information, records the flow rate and application amount of water and fertilizer through flow meters and pressure sensors, analyzes the consistency of data with target parameters, and obtains quantitative execution feedback information; The execution record submodule records and archives each irrigation and fertilization operation process, including operation time, duration and actual amount, based on the quantitative execution feedback information, stores the information, and obtains irrigation and fertilization implementation information.

10. The intelligent irrigation system for standardized production of forestry seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resource monitoring module includes: The liquid level monitoring submodule monitors the liquid level height of the fertilizer liquid tank and the irrigation water tank through a liquid level sensor based on the irrigation and fertilization implementation information to obtain real-time liquid level monitoring data; The stock assessment submodule assesses the current remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water based on the real-time liquid level monitoring data, analyzes the resource depletion time based on the current consumption rate, and obtains the remaining resource assessment result; The resource replenishment alarm submodule is based on the remaining resource evaluation result. When the remaining amount of fertilizer liquid and irrigation water is lower than a preset threshold, it notifies the management personnel to replenish the fertilizer liquid and irrigation water and obtains the fertilizer liquid and irrigation water storage control information.

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