Lever self-balancing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a lever self-balancing device, and relates to the technical field of lever balancing, the lever self-balancing device comprises a stand column, a lifting rod, a lifting pulley block, a counterweight pulley block, a lifting block, a counterweight block and a counterweight swing arm, the lifting rod is arranged on the stand column, the lifting rod comprises a lifting arm and a counterweight arm, and the lifting arm and the counterweight arm are located on the two sides of the stand column respectively; the lifting arm is connected with the lifting block through the lifting pulley block, the counterweight arm is connected with the counterweight block through the counterweight pulley block, the free end of a lifting rope of the lifting pulley block is connected with the free end of a counterweight rope of the counterweight pulley block, one end of the counterweight swing arm is rotatably connected with the top of the stand column, and the other end is rotatably connected with the counterweight movable pulley. The position of the counterweight movable pulley can be automatically adjusted according to the characteristic that the counterweight swing arm can swing, so that the counterweight movable pulley is adaptive to the suddenly applied hoisting weight of the cargo boom in the hoisting stage, hoisting objects with different weights and the no-load stage, self-balance of the cargo boom and the counterweight arm is achieved, and then the safety coefficient is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lever balancing, and in particular to a lever self-balancing device. Background Art

[0002] The application field of levers is relatively wide. For example, tower cranes, cantilever cranes, cranes, etc. in lever-type lifting equipment. Those with only one support point belong to a type of lever crane. This type of crane has obvious advantages, one support point, and the installation is less restricted by the terrain. It uses levers to lift goods and rotating levers to move goods. It does not require track manufacturing and is more economical, so it is the most widely used.

[0003] Lever-type lifting equipment generally requires the addition of a counterweight to the counterweight arm of the lever to prevent the equipment from tipping over when lifting cargo. However, the weight of the counterweight is fixed, especially for tower cranes, which cannot be easily adjusted. Limited by the principle of leverage, the weight of the cargo during lifting will be applied to the fulcrum several times, and as the weight of the lifted cargo changes, it cannot be balanced with the counterweight. Moreover, the weight of the counterweight will also be applied to the fulcrum several times when empty. Due to the unbalanced weight at both ends of the lever, the lever will swing up and down and the bracket will swing back and forth, creating a safety hazard. As a result, countless safety accidents have occurred.

[0004] Therefore, people are in urgent need of a lever self-balancing device that can achieve self-balancing and has a high safety factor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lever self-balancing device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and to utilize a counterweight swing arm and a counterweight pulley group to realize automatic adjustment of the position of the counterweight block during the lifting process, when the lifting weight changes, and when the load is empty, so as to achieve self-balancing and thereby improve the safety factor.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: The present invention provides a lever self-balancing device, comprising a column, a lifting rod, a lifting pulley block, a counterweight pulley block, a lifting block, a counterweight block and a counterweight swing arm, the lifting rod is arranged on the column, the lifting rod comprises a lifting arm and a counterweight arm, the lifting arm and the counterweight arm are respectively located on both sides of the column, the lifting arm is connected to the lifting block through the lifting pulley block, the counterweight arm is connected to the counterweight block through the counterweight pulley block, the free end of the lifting rope of the lifting pulley block is connected to the free end of the counterweight rope of the counterweight pulley block, one end of the counterweight swing arm is rotatably connected to the top of the column, and the other end is rotatably connected to the counterweight movable pulley of the counterweight pulley block.

[0007] Preferably, the ratio of the length of the lifting lever to the length of the counterweight lever is equal to the ratio of the number of the counterweight pulley block to the lifting pulley block.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of the lifting block to the counterweight block is not greater than the ratio of the counterweight lever length to the lifting lever length.

[0009] Preferably, the column comprises a fixed rod and a rotating rod, and the rotating rod is arranged on the top of the fixed rod through a slewing bearing.

[0010] Preferably, the connection position between the counterweight swing arm and the vertical pole is at the same horizontal height as the fixed pulley of the counterweight pulley block.

[0011] Preferably, the swing path of the counterweight block coincides with the vertical line where the counterweight fixed pulley of the counterweight pulley assembly is located.

[0012] Preferably, the counterweight swing arm may be a rigid support rod or a flexible rope.

[0013] Preferably, the lever self-balancing device further comprises a winch for winding the lifting rope or the counterweight rope. Preferably, the lever self-balancing device further comprises a first translation vehicle for driving the lifting pulley block to move along the lifting arm and a second translation vehicle for driving the counterweight pulley block to move along the counterweight arm, and the first translation vehicle and the second translation vehicle both have a locking mechanism for locking their positions.

[0014] Preferably, the movement path of the counterweight block is staggered with respect to the column.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention mainly achieves the following technical effects:

[0016] During the lifting stage, the no-load stage and when the lifting weight changes, the counterweight movable pulley of the counterweight pulley group can automatically adjust its position according to the swinging characteristics of the counterweight swing arm. The smaller the angle between the connecting line between the counterweight movable pulley and the counterweight fixed pulley of the counterweight pulley group and the vertical line is, the greater the force applied to the counterweight arm and perpendicular to the counterweight arm is. When the angle between the connecting line between the counterweight movable pulley and the counterweight fixed pulley of the counterweight pulley group and the vertical line is greater, the force applied to the counterweight arm and perpendicular to the counterweight arm is smaller. That is, although the weight of the counterweight block remains unchanged, as the position of the counterweight movable pulley of the counterweight pulley group changes, the vertical force applied to the counterweight arm will change, thereby adapting to the lifting weight suddenly applied to the lifting arm during the lifting stage, lifting objects of different weights and the no-load stage, achieving self-balancing of the lifting arm and the counterweight arm, and thereby improving the safety factor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lever self-balancing device when the lifting rod is a lifting rod type in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lever self-balancing device when the lifting rod is an inclined rod type in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lever self-balancing device when the lifting rod is a scissor-type in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lever self-balancing device in which the counterweight arm is longer than the lifting arm in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the motion path of the counterweight movable pulley when the lifting rod is a lifting rod type in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the embodiment of the present invention when the lifting rod is a lifting rod type after the first translation vehicle and the second translation vehicle are assembled;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the counterweight rope when multiple counterweight pulley blocks are provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Among them, 1. column; 2. slewing bearing; 3. fixed rod; 4. rotating rod; 5. lifting rod; 6. lifting arm; 7. counterweight arm; 8. lifting fixed pulley; 9. lifting movable pulley; 10. counterweight fixed pulley; 11. counterweight movable pulley; 12. lifting block; 13. counterweight block; 14. lifting rope; 15. counterweight rope; 16. counterweight swing arm; 17. first translation vehicle; 18. second translation vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lever self-balancing device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. The device utilizes a counterweight swing arm and a counterweight pulley block to realize automatic adjustment of the position of the counterweight block during the lifting process, when the lifting weight changes, and when the load is empty, thereby achieving self-balancing and improving the safety factor.

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6As shown, a lever self-balancing device is provided, including a column 1, a lifting rod 5, a lifting pulley block, a counterweight pulley block, a lifting block 12, a counterweight block 13 and a counterweight swing arm 16. The lifting rod 5 includes a crossbar type, an inclined rod type and a scissor type structure. The lifting rod 5 includes a lifting arm 6 and a counterweight arm 7. The lifting arm 6 and the counterweight arm 7 are respectively located on both sides of the column 1. The lifting rod 5 is arranged on the column 1. The connection position of the counterweight arm 7 and the lifting arm 6 is the connection position of the lifting rod 5 and the column 1. The lifting arm 6 is connected to the lifting block 12 through the lifting pulley block, and the counterweight arm 7 is connected to the counterweight block 13 through the counterweight pulley block. Specifically, the lifting arm 6 and the lifting pulley block are connected. The fixed pulley 8 is fixedly connected, the lifting movable pulley 9 of the lifting pulley block is connected to the lifting block 12, the counterweight arm 7 is fixedly connected to the counterweight fixed pulley 10 of the counterweight pulley block, the counterweight movable pulley 11 of the counterweight pulley block is connected to the counterweight block 13, and the free end of the lifting rope 14 of the lifting pulley block is connected to the free end of the counterweight rope 15 of the counterweight pulley block, that is, one end of the lifting rope 14 is connected to the lifting arm 6, and the other end passes around the lifting movable pulley 9 and the lifting fixed pulley 8 in turn, and is connected to the counterweight rope 15 that passes around the counterweight movable pulley 11 and the counterweight fixed pulley 10 in turn, and the end of the counterweight rope 15 away from the lifting rope 14 is fixedly connected to the counterweight arm 7; of course, the lifting pulley block and The counterweight pulley block shares a rope. When sharing a rope, one end of the rope is fixedly connected to the crane arm 6, and the other end is connected to the counterweight arm 7 after passing through the crane movable pulley 9, the crane fixed pulley 8, the counterweight fixed pulley 10 and the counterweight movable pulley 11 in sequence. One end of the counterweight swing arm 16 is rotatably connected to the top of the column 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the movable pulley of the counterweight pulley block. The principle of this device is that during the lifting stage, the no-load stage and when the lifting weight changes, the counterweight movable pulley 11 of the counterweight pulley block can automatically adjust its position according to the swingable characteristics of the counterweight swing arm 16. When the connecting line between the counterweight movable pulley 11 and the counterweight fixed pulley 10 of the counterweight pulley block is The smaller the angle between the vertical line is, the greater the force applied to the counterweight arm 7 and perpendicular to the counterweight arm 7 is. When the angle between the line between the counterweight movable pulley 11 and the counterweight fixed pulley 10 of the counterweight pulley group and the vertical line is larger, the smaller the force applied to the counterweight arm 7 and perpendicular to the counterweight arm 7 is. That is, although the weight of the counterweight block 13 remains unchanged, the vertical force applied to the counterweight arm 7 will change with the change of the position of the counterweight movable pulley 11 of the counterweight pulley group, thereby adapting to the lifting weight suddenly applied to the crane arm 6 during the lifting stage, the lifting objects of different weights and the no-load stage, so as to achieve self-balancing of the crane arm 6 and the counterweight arm 7, thereby improving the safety factor.

[0030] In this embodiment, the ratio of the lifting lever length (QL, the horizontal distance between the lifting fixed pulley 8 and the column 1) to the counterweight lever length (PL, the horizontal distance between the counterweight fixed pulley 10 and the column 1) is equal to the quantity ratio of the counterweight pulley group (PH) to the lifting pulley group (QH), that is, QL:PL=PH:QH; the ratio of the mass (QG) of the lifting block 12 to the mass (PG) of the counterweight block 13 is not greater than the ratio of the counterweight lever length (PL) to the lifting lever length (QL), that is, QG:PG≤PL:QL.

[0031] For example, when the ratio of the length of the lifting lever to the length of the counterweight lever is 2:1, one group of lifting pulley blocks is set and two groups of counterweight pulley blocks are set. At this time, the winding method of the counterweight rope 15 is as follows: the end of the counterweight rope 15 away from the lifting rope 14 successively passes around the fixed pulley of the first group of counterweight pulley blocks, the movable pulley of the first group of counterweight pulley blocks, the fixed pulley of the second group of counterweight pulley blocks and the movable pulley of the second group of counterweight pulley blocks, and then is connected to the counterweight arm 7. The counterweight movable pulleys 11 of the two groups of counterweight pulley blocks are both connected to a counterweight block 13, or the counterweight movable pulleys 11 of the two groups of counterweight pulley blocks are commonly connected to a counterweight block 13.

[0032] In this embodiment, the column 1 includes a fixed rod 3 and a rotating rod 4. The rotating rod 4 is arranged on the top of the fixed rod 3 through a slewing bearing 2. The rotating rod 4 can be rotatably arranged on the fixed rod 3 through the slewing bearing 2 to adapt to the rotation function of the lever-type lifting equipment.

[0033] The connection position between the counterweight swing arm 16 and the vertical pole is at the same horizontal height as the fixed pulley of the counterweight pulley assembly to avoid balance errors caused by unevenness.

[0034] The swing path of the counterweight block 13 coincides with the vertical line where the counterweight fixed pulley 10 of the counterweight pulley assembly is located, so that the counterweight block 13 can move to just below the counterweight fixed pulley 10 .

[0035] The counterweight swing arm 16 can be a rigid support rod or a flexible rope. When the counterweight swing arm 16 is a rigid support rod, the two ends of the rigid support rod are respectively rotatably set on the top of the column 1 and the counterweight movable pulley 11 through a ball joint; when the counterweight swing arm 16 is a flexible rope, binding columns can be set on the top of the column 1 and the counterweight movable pulley 11, and the two ends of the flexible rope are respectively bound to the binding columns of the top of the column 1 and the counterweight movable pulley 11 through a rotating shaft.

[0036] The lever self-balancing device can also include a winch for winding the lifting rope 14 or the counterweight rope 15. The lifting and lowering of the lifting block 12 is achieved by the winch's winding and releasing functions of the lifting rope 14 or the counterweight rope 15. At the same time, the counterweight block 13 self-adjusts. The structure and winding and releasing principles of the winch are the same as those of the winch for retracting and releasing the lifting rope 14 on the lifting equipment.

[0037] The winch can be arranged on the boom 6 or the counterweight arm 7 , in which case the hoisting rope 14 is connected to the boom 6 through the winch, and the counterweight rope 15 is connected to the counterweight arm 7 through the winch.

[0038] The lever self-balancing device also includes a first translation vehicle 17 for driving the lifting pulley group to move along the lifting arm 6 and a second translation vehicle 18 for driving the counterweight pulley group to move along the counterweight arm 7. The first translation vehicle 17 is arranged on the lifting arm 6, and the second translation vehicle 18 is arranged on the counterweight arm 7. The first translation vehicle 17 and the second translation vehicle 18 both have a locking mechanism for locking their positions. The first translation vehicle 17 and the second translation vehicle 18 can move toward each other or move in opposite directions at different speeds. When the two move, the ratio of the length of the lifting lever to the length of the counterweight lever is always kept unchanged. The structure and principle of the first translation vehicle 17, the second translation vehicle 18 and the locking mechanism arranged thereon are the same as the structure and principle of the translation vehicle on the tower crane that drives the load to move along the direction of the lifting arm 6.

[0039] The movement path of the counterweight block 13 is offset from the column 1 to prevent the counterweight block 13 from hitting the column 1 and being unable to partially overlap with the column 1 in the no-load stage. When two counterweight pulley groups are set and the two counterweight movable pulleys 11 are respectively connected to the counterweight blocks 13, the counterweight blocks 13 connected to the two counterweight movable pulleys 11 move on both sides of the column 1 respectively.

[0040] The lever self-balancing principle of the device is also applicable to equipment in other fields that require lever self-balancing, and multiple groups of the device can be set on the equipment.

[0041] In another embodiment, the length of the counterweight arm 7 is greater than that of the lifting arm 6. In this case, a counterweight block 13 of smaller weight can be used to balance the lifting block 12 of larger weight. In this case, the ratio of the lifting lever length (QL, the horizontal distance between the lifting fixed pulley 8 and the column 1) to the counterweight lever length (PL, the horizontal distance between the counterweight fixed pulley 10 and the column 1) is equal to the ratio of the number of counterweight pulley blocks to the lifting pulley blocks.

[0042] Adaptive changes made according to actual needs are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any reference numerals in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0044] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A lever self-balancing device, characterized in that: It includes a column, a lifting rod, a lifting pulley block, a counterweight pulley block, a lifting block, a counterweight block and a counterweight swing arm, the lifting rod is arranged on the column, the lifting rod includes a lifting arm and a counterweight arm, the lifting arm and the counterweight arm are respectively located on both sides of the column, the lifting arm is connected to the lifting block through the lifting pulley block, the counterweight arm is connected to the counterweight block through the counterweight pulley block, the free end of the lifting rope of the lifting pulley block is connected to the free end of the counterweight rope of the counterweight pulley block, one end of the counterweight swing arm is rotatably connected to the top of the column, and the other end is rotatably connected to the counterweight movable pulley of the counterweight pulley block.

2. The lever self-balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the length of the lifting lever to the length of the counterweight lever is equal to the ratio of the number of the counterweight pulley block to the lifting pulley block.

3. The lever self-balancing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the lifting block to the counterweight block is not greater than the ratio of the counterweight lever length to the lifting lever length.

4. The lever self-balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column comprises a fixed rod and a rotating rod, and the rotating rod is arranged on the top of the fixed rod through a slewing bearing.

5. The lever self-balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection position between the counterweight swing arm and the vertical pole is at the same horizontal height as the fixed pulley of the counterweight pulley assembly.

6. The lever self-balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing path of the counterweight block coincides with the vertical line where the counterweight fixed pulley of the counterweight pulley assembly is located.

7. The lever self-balancing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The counterweight swing arm may be a rigid support rod or a flexible rope.

8. The lever self-balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lever self-balancing device further comprises a winch for winding the lifting rope or the counterweight rope.

9. The lever self-balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lever self-balancing device also includes a first translation vehicle for driving the lifting pulley group to move along the lifting arm and a second translation vehicle for driving the counterweight pulley group to move along the counterweight arm. Both the first translation vehicle and the second translation vehicle have a locking mechanism for locking their positions.

10. The lever self-balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movement path of the counterweight block is staggered with the column.

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