Nano microcapsule fire extinguishing device

Abstract

The invention relates to a nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device, and belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing material application, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device comprises a nano-microcapsule layer, the nano-microcapsule layer is provided with a plurality of first nano-microcapsules and a plurality of second nano-microcapsules, the first nano-microcapsules are filled with sodium bicarbonate, and the second nano-microcapsules are filled with perfluorohexanone and citric acid; the ratio of the total weight of the sodium bicarbonate to the total weight of the citric acid in the nano microcapsule layer is 21: 16; the weight ratio of the perfluorohexanone to the citric acid in the second nano microcapsule is 11: 1000; the technical problem that in the prior art, a large number of nano microcapsules are loaded and decomposed in a continuous heating state to generate fluorohydrocarbon to pollute the ozone layer can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing material application, and particularly relates to a nanometer microcapsule fire extinguishing device. Background Art

[0002] The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device is a new type of fire extinguishing technology product. The device uses nanotechnology and microcapsule technology to encapsulate the fire extinguishing agent in nano-level microcapsules. When a fire occurs, the ambient temperature rises and the microcapsules will rupture at high temperatures. At this time, the fire extinguishing agent wrapped inside is quickly released and covers the surface of the fire source. It suppresses the combustion reaction by absorbing heat and cooling, isolating oxygen, etc., thereby quickly extinguishing the fire.

[0003] The existing patent with application number 202311410833.0 discloses a nanocapsule fire extinguishing material and its preparation method. It uses cheap chitosan, adds Sc3+ and Ce3+ to modify it, and uses it as the shell material of the nanocapsule to achieve the solidification loading and large-scale loading of perfluorohexanone.

[0004] The prior art has the following problems:

[0005] Nano-microcapsules mainly loaded with perfluorohexanone release gasified perfluorohexanone when heated. Perfluorohexanone will thermally decompose in a continuous high temperature environment represented by electrical fires to produce fluorocarbons such as hexafluoropropylene, which will be decomposed by more energetic ultraviolet rays in the upper atmosphere and cause damage to the ozone layer. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that a large amount of perfluorohexanone loaded in nano-microcapsules leads to decomposition under continuous heating to produce fluorocarbons that pollute the ozone layer.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present application provides a nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device, which includes a nano-microcapsule layer, wherein the nano-microcapsule layer has a plurality of first nano-microcapsules and a plurality of second nano-microcapsules, wherein the first nano-microcapsules are filled with sodium bicarbonate, and the second nano-microcapsules are filled with perfluorohexanone and citric acid;

[0009] The total weight ratio of sodium bicarbonate to citric acid in the nano-microcapsule layer is 21:16;

[0010] The weight ratio of perfluorohexanone to citric acid in the second nano-microcapsule is 11:1000.

[0011] Through the above technical scheme, carbon dioxide and a small amount of perfluorohexanone are generated by thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate to gasify and rupture the nano-microcapsules, and then sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate react with citric acid to generate carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide isolates the fire source, thereby achieving the effect of extinguishing the fire, thereby avoiding the pollution of the ozone layer by fluorocarbons produced by a large amount of perfluorohexanone when extinguishing a continuous high-heat fire source such as an electrical fire.

[0012] In the present invention, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further comprises a filling groove, a heating plate and a thermistor. The filling groove is used to fill the nano-microcapsule layer. The heating plate abuts against the side of the filling groove away from the nano-microcapsule layer, and the heating plate is used to heat the nano-microcapsule layer. The thermistor is electrically connected to the heating plate. When the thermistor is heated, its resistance decreases, thereby increasing the current passing through the heating plate.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, a thermistor is used to identify the temperature of the electrical component position, and then the nano-microcapsule layer is triggered by heating, thereby avoiding accidental touching of the nano-microcapsule layer by heat dissipation caused by high-power operation of the electrical component, and improving the accuracy of the nano-microcapsule layer in releasing fire-extinguishing gas.

[0014] In the present invention, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further comprises porous ceramics, and the porous ceramic cover is arranged on the outer side of the filling groove.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, porous ceramics are used to provide good heat insulation effect for the nano-microcapsule layer, further improving the resistance of the nano-microcapsule layer to external temperature changes, thereby ensuring the release effectiveness of the nano-microcapsule layer when a fire occurs.

[0016] In the present invention, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further comprises a cover body, which is arranged on the outside of the porous ceramic, and a plurality of exhaust passages are provided on the side of the cover body inclined downward, and the gas generated by the nano-microcapsule layer when heated passes through the pores of the porous ceramic and is discharged from the cover body through the exhaust passages.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, an exhaust duct inclined downward is used to discharge the released gas obliquely downward, which can eliminate dead corners of fire extinguishing and improve fire extinguishing performance.

[0018] In the present invention, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further comprises a water absorbing layer, which is laid between the nano-microcapsule layer and the filling groove.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the water absorbing layer is used to absorb the water generated by the reaction, thereby reducing the amount of water discharged with the gas.

[0020] In the present invention, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further comprises a plurality of adhesive plates, which are connected to the filling grooves, and the adhesive plates are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the filling grooves.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the adhesive plate is used to absorb the dust particles raised with the gas, so that the solid particles can fully react.

[0022] In the present invention, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further comprises a warning box and a warning agent, wherein the warning box is connected to the filling slot; the warning agent decomposes under heat to generate irritating gas;

[0023] The warning box isolates the warning agent from the nano-microcapsule layer.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, warning agents are used to improve the warning of electrical fires, making it easier to quickly find the fire point and then carry out repairs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 An axonometric diagram of a nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A front view of a nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at AA in the figure;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A local enlarged view of point B in FIG.

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A local enlarged view of point C in FIG.

[0031] Figure 6 An exploded view of a nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the installation of the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention in an electrical cabinet.

[0033] Icons: 1-nanocapsule layer; 101-water absorption layer; 201-heating plate; 202-thermistor; 203-power supply; 3-porous ceramic; 401-warning agent; 402-warning box; 501-bottom plate; 502-filling slot; 503-cover; 5031-exhaust duct; 504-adhesive plate; 6-electrical cabinet; 601-electrical components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0036] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be welding, bolt connection, or riveting; it can be fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] Example:

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , Figures 1 to 7 An embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0040] This embodiment provides a nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device provided by the present application, which includes a nano-microcapsule layer 1, wherein the nano-microcapsule layer 1 has a plurality of first nano-microcapsules and a plurality of second nano-microcapsules, wherein the first nano-microcapsules are filled with sodium bicarbonate, and the second nano-microcapsules are filled with perfluorohexanone and citric acid;

[0041] The total weight ratio of sodium bicarbonate to citric acid in the nano-microcapsule layer 1 is 21:16;

[0042] The weight ratio of perfluorohexanone to citric acid in the second nano-microcapsule is 11:1000.

[0043] When the first nano-microcapsule is heated to above 50 degrees Celsius, it begins to decompose, and the reaction formula is:

[0044]

[0045] The carbon dioxide generated by the pyrolysis of part of the sodium bicarbonate bursts the first nano-microcapsule. At the same time, the temperature of the gasified perfluorohexanone is about 49 degrees Celsius. The gasified perfluorohexanone bursts the second nano-microcapsule and releases the citric acid therein to react with the sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate to generate a large amount of carbon dioxide. The reaction formulas are:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] According to the specific reaction formula, the molar mass ratio of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid as raw materials is 3:1, the molar mass of sodium bicarbonate is 84g / mol, and the molar mass of citric acid is 192g / mol. Therefore, the mass ratio of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid in the nano microcapsule layer 1 is 21:16. At the same time, in order to ensure the uniform volume of the nano microcapsules, when one group of sodium bicarbonate is 21g, one group of citric acid is 16g, wherein the density of sodium bicarbonate is 2.16g / cm³, the volume of 21g sodium bicarbonate is 9.72cm³, the density of citric acid is 1.665g / cm³, and the volume of 16g ​​citric acid is 9.61cm³. Therefore, 0.11cm³ of perfluorohexanone can also be filled in the second nano microcapsule. Perfluorohexanone is liquid at room temperature and has a density of 1.6g / cm³. Therefore, the mass of perfluorohexanone filled in one group is 0.176g.

[0049] It should be noted that when conventional nano-microcapsules are filled with all perfluorohexanone, the vaporization of perfluorohexanone by heat is an endothermic reaction, so the temperature will drop below the boiling point during the reaction to suspend vaporization, which will result in the inability to fully vaporize all perfluorohexanone in a short period of time, and thus cause the repeated heating to be insufficient in the fire extinguishing effect. The reaction using sodium bicarbonate and citric acid is an exothermic reaction, which will further accelerate the generation of carbon dioxide, and produce a large amount of carbon dioxide in a short period of time to fully isolate oxygen, thereby achieving the effect of extinguishing the fire. Under normal circumstances, citric acid and perfluorohexanone will not react. Citric acid is an organic acid, which is mainly acidic and can react with alkalis, active metals, etc. Perfluorohexanone is a fluorine-containing compound with relatively stable chemical properties and generally does not react with organic acids.

[0050] Through the above technical scheme, carbon dioxide and a small amount of perfluorohexanone are generated by thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate to gasify and rupture the nano-microcapsules, and then sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate react with citric acid to generate carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide isolates the fire source, thereby achieving the effect of extinguishing the fire, thereby avoiding the pollution of the ozone layer by fluorocarbons produced by a large amount of perfluorohexanone when extinguishing a continuous high-heat fire source such as an electrical fire.

[0051] As a preferred implementation method, Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the above-mentioned nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device also includes a filling groove 502, a heating plate 201 and a thermistor 202. The filling groove 502 is used to fill the nano-microcapsule layer 1; the heating plate 201 is abutted against the side of the filling groove 502 away from the nano-microcapsule layer 1, and the heating plate 201 is used to heat the nano-microcapsule layer 1; the thermistor 202 is electrically connected to the heating plate 201. After the thermistor 202 is heated, the resistance decreases, thereby increasing the current passing through the heating plate 201.

[0052] When using Figure 7 As shown, the thermistor 202 is adhered to the densely packed electrical components 601 in the electrical cabinet 6 or arranged according to fire protection requirements, such as Figure 6 As shown, the power supply 203, the heating plate 201, and the thermistor 202 installed in the bottom plate 501 are connected in series to form a loop. When the temperature near the thermistor 202 increases, the resistance decreases, the current input from the power supply 203 to the heating plate 201 increases, and the heating plate 201 heats the nano-microcapsule layer 1. By selecting the temperature resistance parameters of the thermistor 202, the temperature threshold of the installation position of the thermistor 202 can be selectively controlled to the maximum temperature of the electrical component 601 for normal operation. When the thermistor 202 reaches the temperature threshold, the heating plate 201 is controlled to heat up to the threshold temperature for the decomposition of the nano-microcapsule layer 1, and fire extinguishing begins.

[0053] Through the above technical solution, the thermistor 202 is used to identify the temperature of the electrical component position, and then the nano-microcapsule layer 1 is triggered by heating, avoiding the accidental touch of the nano-microcapsule layer 1 by the heat dissipation of the electrical component 601 during high-power operation, and improving the accuracy of the nano-microcapsule layer 1 in releasing the fire extinguishing gas.

[0054] As a preferred implementation method, Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further includes a porous ceramic 3 , and the porous ceramic 3 is covered on the outside of the filling groove 502 .

[0055] Since the porous ceramic 3 has a large porosity and a low matrix thermal conductivity coefficient, it has a good heat insulation effect, which can prevent the temperature of the electrical component 601 in the closed space from causing the nano-microcapsule layer 1 to decompose and then lose its fire extinguishing performance when a fire occurs.

[0056] Through the above technical solution, the porous ceramic 3 provides a good heat insulation effect for the nano-microcapsule layer 1, further improving the resistance of the nano-microcapsule layer 1 to external temperature changes, thereby ensuring the release effectiveness of the nano-microcapsule layer 1 when a fire occurs.

[0057] As a preferred implementation method, Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 4 As shown, the above-mentioned nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device also includes a cover body 503, which is covered on the outside of the porous ceramic 3. The side of the cover body 503 is inclined downward to open a plurality of exhaust channels 5031. The gas generated by the nano-microcapsule layer 1 when heated passes through the pores of the porous ceramic 3 and then discharged from the cover body 503 through the exhaust channels 5031.

[0058] After the bottom plate 501 is loaded with the heating plate 201, the power source 203, and connected with the thermistor 202, the filling slot 502 is screwed to the bottom plate 501, and then the porous ceramic 3 is snapped on the top of the filling slot 502, and finally a cover body 503 is set on the outside of the porous ceramic 3. The cover body 503 only has a plurality of exhaust ducts 5031 on the four sides. When the gas is released, it passes through the porous ceramic 3 and is discharged from the exhaust duct 5031.

[0059] Through the above technical solution, the exhaust duct 5031 opened obliquely downward is adopted to discharge the released gas obliquely downward, which can eliminate the dead angle of fire extinguishing and improve the fire extinguishing performance.

[0060] As a preferred implementation method, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further includes a water absorbing layer 101 , which is laid between the nano-microcapsule layer 1 and the filling groove 502 .

[0061] When in use, the thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate, the reaction of sodium carbonate with citric acid, and the reaction of sodium bicarbonate with citric acid will all generate water. As the reaction intensifies and releases a large amount of heat, the initially generated water will directly exist in the form of water vapor, and then condense and drip at the porous ceramic 3. The dripping liquid water will be quickly absorbed by the water absorption layer 101, thereby preventing water from being discharged from the porous ceramic 3.

[0062] It should be noted that the thermal decomposition temperature of sodium bicarbonate and the gasification temperature of perfluorohexanone are both around 50 degrees Celsius. Therefore, when selecting the heating plate 201, the maximum heating temperature of the heating plate 201 will be limited to avoid excessive heating temperature causing further evaporation of a large amount of water absorbed by the water-absorbing layer 101.

[0063] Through the above technical solution, the water absorbing layer 101 is used to absorb the water generated by the reaction, thereby reducing the amount of water discharged with the gas.

[0064] As a preferred implementation method, Figure 6 As shown, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further includes a plurality of adhesive plates 504 . The adhesive plates 504 are connected to the filling grooves 502 , and the adhesive plates 504 are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the filling grooves 502 .

[0065] It should be noted that the powdered sodium bicarbonate and the generated sodium carbonate will be lifted up by the large amount of gas generated, and then adhered to the adhesion plate 504 to prevent a large amount of powder from clogging the porous ceramic 3. At the same time, the adhered powdered substance will further react with the citric acid brought up by the gas.

[0066] Through the above technical solution, the adhesive plate 504 is used to absorb the dust particles raised by the gas, so that the solid particles can fully react.

[0067] As a preferred implementation method, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further includes a warning box 402 and a warning agent 401. The warning box 402 is connected to the filling slot 502. The warning agent 401 decomposes under heat to generate irritating gas.

[0068] The warning box 402 isolates the warning agent 401 from the nano-microcapsule layer 1 .

[0069] An exemplary warning agent 401 is ammonium chloride, which decomposes under heat to generate ammonia and hydrogen chloride. Because the heating temperature of the heating plate 201 is limited, the thermal decomposition starting temperature of ammonium chloride needs to be provided by the exothermic reaction of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid. The generated ammonia has a pungent odor and produces thick white smoke after condensation, providing visual and olfactory instructions to patrol personnel.

[0070] Through the above technical solution, the warning agent 401 is used to improve the warning of electrical fires, making it easier to quickly find the fire point at a later stage and then carry out repairs.

[0071] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. Nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device, characterized in that: include: The nano-microcapsule layer (1) comprises a plurality of first nano-microcapsules and a plurality of second nano-microcapsules, wherein the first nano-microcapsules are filled with sodium bicarbonate, and the second nano-microcapsules are filled with perfluorohexanone and citric acid; The total weight ratio of sodium bicarbonate to citric acid in the nano-microcapsule layer (1) is 21:16; The weight ratio of perfluorohexanone to citric acid in the second nano-microcapsule is 11:1000.

2. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A filling groove (502) for filling the nano-microcapsule layer (1); A heating plate (201) is in contact with a side of the filling groove (502) facing away from the nano-microcapsule layer (1), and the heating plate (201) is used to heat the nano-microcapsule layer (1); The thermistor (202) is electrically connected to the heating plate (201); after the thermistor (202) is heated, its resistance decreases, thereby increasing the current passing through the heating plate (201).

3. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: The porous ceramic (3) is covered on the outside of the filling groove (502).

4. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: The cover body (503) is arranged on the outside of the porous ceramic (3), and a plurality of exhaust passages (5031) are provided on the side surface of the cover body (503) tilted downward. The gas generated by the nano-microcapsule layer (1) when heated passes through the pores of the porous ceramic (3) and is then discharged to the outside of the cover body (503) through the exhaust passages (5031).

5. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The water absorption layer (101) is laid between the nano-microcapsule layer (1) and the filling groove (502).

6. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of adhesive plates (504) are connected to the filling groove (502), and the adhesive plates (504) are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the filling groove (502).

7. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A warning box (402) connected to the filling slot (502); Warning agent (401), which decomposes under heat to generate irritating gas; The warning box (402) isolates the warning agent (401) from the nano-microcapsule layer (1).

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