A natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

The present application discloses a natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device and a monitoring method, which are widely used in the field of natural gas hydrate exploitation technology. The housing of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device is provided with a containing space and an active hole, and the telescopic mechanism can be movably installed in the housing so that the telescopic mechanism is contracted and contained in the containing space, or the telescopic mechanism is extended and extends out of the housing through the active hole, and the detection mechanism includes a cable sensor contained in the containing space, one end of the cable sensor is connected to the telescopic mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism drives the cable sensor to unfold and extend out of the housing when it is extended, and the extension direction of the cable sensor is the same as the extension direction of the telescopic mechanism, and the cable sensor is used to detect the data of the natural gas hydrate formation in real time, and the control mechanism is communicatively connected to the detection mechanism, and the control mechanism is used to receive the real-time data detected by the cable sensor and transmit it to the ground. Therefore, the formation state can be monitored in real time, and the reliability of natural gas hydrate exploitation can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, and in particular to a natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] Depressurization is one of the commonly used methods for exploiting submarine natural gas hydrates. It takes advantage of the fact that natural gas hydrate deposits are easily decomposed by external temperature and pressure. By reducing the pressure of the natural gas hydrate reservoir to break the equilibrium state of the submarine hydrate phase, the decomposition of the hydrate formation and the separation of gas and liquid are promoted, and then the underwater well control equipment and gas pipelines are used for exploitation. Since hydrates will decompose over a large area during the depressurization process, it is easy to cause insufficient bearing capacity of the submarine soft soil foundation, resulting in settlement of weak formations and instability of the wellhead.

[0003] In related technologies, the monitoring of natural gas hydrate formation status mostly adopts the method of laboratory analysis after drilling sampling, or uses geophysical exploration methods to indirectly infer the properties of natural gas formations. These methods are not only cumbersome and costly, but also unable to detect real-time and intuitive changes in parameters such as temperature and pressure inside the formation, affecting the reliability of natural gas hydrate extraction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device, which can monitor the formation state in real time and improve the reliability of natural gas hydrate exploitation.

[0005] The present application also proposes a natural gas hydrate formation monitoring method using the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device.

[0006] A natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application includes:

[0007] A shell, wherein the shell is provided with an accommodating space and a movable hole communicating with the accommodating space;

[0008] a telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism being movably mounted in the housing so that the telescopic mechanism can be contracted and accommodated in the accommodation space, or the telescopic mechanism can be extended and extended out of the housing through the movable hole;

[0009] a detection mechanism, comprising a cable sensor accommodated in the accommodating space, one end of the cable sensor being connected to the telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism driving the cable sensor to unfold and extend out of the housing when extended, the extension direction of the cable sensor being the same as the extension direction of the telescopic mechanism, the cable sensor being used to detect data of the natural gas hydrate formation in real time; and

[0010] A control mechanism is communicatively connected to the detection mechanism, and is used for receiving real-time data detected by the cable sensor and transmitting the data to the ground.

[0011] The natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: a telescopic mechanism is provided to drive the cable sensor to unfold and extend out of the shell, so that the cable sensor can realize continuous data collection along its extension direction to detect the data of the natural gas hydrate formation in real time, and the real-time data is received by the control mechanism and transmitted to the ground to realize real-time monitoring of the formation state, thereby improving the accuracy and completeness of data collection and improving the reliability of natural gas hydrate extraction. At the same time, when the telescopic mechanism drives the cable sensor to extend out of the shell, the extension direction of the cable sensor is the same as the extension direction of the telescopic mechanism, which can help to reduce the distance between the cable sensor and the telescopic mechanism, so as to reduce the disturbance to the formation, thereby further improving the reliability of natural gas hydrate extraction.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device also includes a limit frame, the limit frame includes a frame body and a limit portion, the frame body is provided with a movable groove, the telescopic mechanism can be movably inserted into the movable groove, the limit portion is connected to the outer periphery of the frame body, and the cable sensor can be movably inserted between the frame body and the limit portion.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the frame is provided with a first wire-burying groove, the telescopic mechanism is correspondingly provided with a second wire-burying groove, the second wire-burying groove and the first wire-burying groove are respectively connected to the movable groove, and the limiting portion is provided at the opening of the first wire-burying groove to press the cable sensor into the first wire-burying groove and the second wire-burying groove.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the detection mechanism includes a winding assembly installed in the shell, the winding assembly includes a drum, and one end of the cable sensor away from the telescopic mechanism is connected to the drum and wound around the outer circumference of the drum.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the winding assembly also includes a cable organizer, a cable organizer motor and a cable nut, the cable organizer includes a cable organizer shaft, the cable organizer shaft is rotatably connected to the shell, the axial direction of the cable organizer shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the reel, the output end of the cable organizer motor is connected to the cable organizer shaft, the cable organizer motor is communicatively connected to the control mechanism, the cable organizer shaft is threadedly connected to the cable nut, and the cable nut is provided with a clamping portion, and the cable sensor is passed through the clamping portion.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the detection mechanism further includes a detection head, which is disposed on the top of the telescopic mechanism, and one end of the cable sensor away from the shell is connected to the detection head.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the shell is provided with a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove connected to the accommodating space, the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are spaced apart on both sides of the movable hole and connected to the movable hole, the telescopic mechanism includes a first tooth chain, a second tooth chain and a driving component, the first tooth chain can be movably installed in the first mounting groove, the second tooth chain can be movably installed in the second mounting groove, the driving component is used to drive the first tooth chain and the second tooth chain to extend out of the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove and enter the movable hole, so that the first tooth chain and the second tooth chain are engaged to form a rigid chain column, and the cable sensor is connected to the rigid chain column.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of first teeth are provided on one side of the first toothed chain opposite to the second toothed chain, the first toothed chain and the second toothed chain are engaged with each other through the first teeth to form the rigid chain column, a first rack is provided on one side of the first toothed chain opposite to the second toothed chain, the driving assembly includes a driving member and two first gears arranged at intervals, the driving member is used to drive the first gear to rotate, the first toothed chain and the second toothed chain correspond to the two first gears respectively, and the first gear is meshed with the first rack.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, a second wire burying groove is provided on the side of the first toothed chain opposite to the second toothed chain, the first rack is located at the bottom of the second wire burying groove, and / or the cable sensor is at least partially embedded in the second wire burying groove.

[0020] According to a natural gas hydrate formation monitoring method according to a second aspect of the present application, the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device as described in the first aspect is used for monitoring, and the method includes:

[0021] inserting the casing into a natural gas hydrate formation;

[0022] The control mechanism drives the telescopic mechanism to extend, so as to drive the cable sensor to extend out of the housing through the movable hole;

[0023] The control mechanism drives the cable sensor to work so as to detect data of the natural gas hydrate formation in real time;

[0024] The cable sensor sends the detected real-time data to the control mechanism, and the control mechanism receives the real-time data and transmits it to the ground.

[0025] The natural gas hydrate formation monitoring method according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: it can monitor the formation status in real time and improve the reliability of natural gas hydrate exploitation.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application when the telescopic mechanism is in a contracted state;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application when the telescopic mechanism is in an extended state;

[0030] Figure 3 A top view of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application when the telescopic mechanism is in an extended state;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure inside the shell of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cable sensor transmission of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the winding assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chain link disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a drive assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.12 This is a flow chart of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 100, natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device; 10, housing; 101, movable hole; 11, first mounting groove; 12, second mounting groove; 13, center portion; 14, blade portion; 20, telescopic mechanism; 201, second buried wire groove; 21, first tooth chain; 211, first tooth; 212, first rack; 22, second tooth chain; 23, drive assembly; 231, drive member; 232, first gear; 233, bevel gear pair; 234, second turbine ; 235, second worm gear; 236, first driven gear; 237, second driven gear; 24, rigid chain column; 30, detection mechanism; 31, cable sensor; 32, detection head; 33, winding assembly; 331, reel; 332, cable organizer; 333, cable management motor; 334, cable nut; 335, reel; 336, elastic member; 40, limit frame; 41, frame body; 411, first buried cable groove; 42, limit part; 50, control mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0044] In the description of this application, "several" means more than one, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed", etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0045] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0046] In the description of the present application, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0047] Pressure reduction mining is one of the commonly used mining methods for submarine natural gas hydrates. During the process of pressure reduction mining, hydrates will decompose over a large area, which can easily cause insufficient bearing capacity of the submarine soft soil foundation, resulting in settlement of weak strata and instability of the wellhead. At present, the monitoring of the state of natural gas hydrate formations mostly adopts the method of laboratory analysis after drilling sampling, or indirectly infers the properties of natural gas formations by using geophysical exploration methods. Not only is the operation cumbersome and costly, but it is also impossible to detect the real-time changes of parameters such as temperature and pressure inside the formation in real time and intuitively, affecting the reliability of natural gas hydrate mining. In order to realize the real-time state monitoring of natural gas hydrate formations, probes are often inserted into the formation and real-time detection is performed using a detection device. However, the detection device can only realize data monitoring of a single test point and cannot obtain accurate formation state. Based on this, in order to ensure accurate monitoring of the formation state and improve the reliability of natural gas hydrate mining, the relevant technology usually adopts the method of inserting multiple probes into different test points of the formation. However, the insertion of multiple probes into the formation will cause disturbance to the soil or natural gas hydrates in the formation, affecting the accuracy of data detection, thereby affecting the reliability of natural gas hydrate mining.

[0048] Based on this, the present application provides a natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device and a monitoring method, which drives a cable sensor to extend relative to a shell through a telescopic mechanism to detect data of the natural gas hydrate formation in real time, and uses a limit frame to make the cable sensor extend closely to the outer periphery of the telescopic mechanism, so as to solve the problem that the detection device cannot monitor the formation status in real time, cannot obtain accurate formation status, and affects the reliability of natural gas hydrate extraction.

[0049] The technical solution of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings.

[0050] Please also read Figures 1 to 6In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100, comprising a shell 10, a telescopic mechanism 20, a detection mechanism 30 and a control mechanism 50. The shell 10 is provided with a containing space and an active hole 101 connected to the containing space. The telescopic mechanism 20 can be movably installed in the shell 10 so that the telescopic mechanism 20 is contracted and contained in the containing space, or the telescopic mechanism 20 is extended and extends out of the shell 10 through the active hole 101. The detection mechanism 30 comprises a cable sensor 31 contained in the containing space. One end of the cable sensor 31 is connected to the telescopic mechanism 20. When the telescopic mechanism 20 is extended, the cable sensor 31 is driven to unfold and extend out of the shell 10. The extension direction of the cable sensor 31 is the same as the extension direction of the telescopic mechanism 20. The cable sensor 31 is used to detect data of the natural gas hydrate formation in real time. The control mechanism 50 is communicatively connected to the detection mechanism 30. The control mechanism 50 is used to receive real-time data detected by the cable sensor 31 and transmit it to the ground.

[0051] The natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100 provided in the present application drives the cable sensor 31 to move by setting a telescopic mechanism 20. On the one hand, the cable sensor 31 can be unfolded and extended out of the shell 10, and the data of the natural gas hydrate formation can be detected in real time by using the node positions of the cable sensor 31 along the extension direction thereof, so that continuous data collection along the extension direction thereof can be realized to realize data monitoring of multiple test points over a long distance and a large range, so as to accurately obtain the formation state. At the same time, the real-time data is received by the control mechanism 50 and transmitted to the ground to realize real-time monitoring of the formation state, so as to improve the accuracy and completeness of data collection, so as to improve the reliability of natural gas hydrate exploitation. On the other hand, when the shell 10 is inserted into the natural gas hydrate formation, the cable sensor 31 and the telescopic mechanism 20 can be retracted in the accommodating space, so as to reduce the disturbance of the formation when the shell 10 is inserted into the natural gas hydrate formation, so as to ensure the accuracy of data detection, so as to improve the reliability of natural gas hydrate exploitation. In addition, by providing the telescopic mechanism 20 to drive the cable sensor 31 to extend out of the housing 10, the distance between the cable sensor 31 and the telescopic mechanism 20 can be reduced, so as to reduce the disturbance to the formation, thereby further improving the reliability of natural gas hydrate extraction.

[0052] The cable sensor 31 refers to a sensor in the form of a cable, including but not limited to a distributed optical fiber sensor, a cable temperature sensor or a cable vibration sensor.

[0053] Optionally, the shell 10 is used to be inserted into a natural gas hydrate formation, and the active hole is located at one end of the shell 10 close to the natural gas hydrate formation, so that when the shell 10 is inserted into the formation, the cable sensor 31 extending through the active hole can enter the natural gas hydrate formation to realize real-time detection of formation data.

[0054] In some embodiments, the control mechanism 50 is installed at one end of the housing 10 away from the formation, and the control mechanism 50 is electrically connected to the buoy, or the control mechanism 50 is communicatively connected to the operating platform or the operating ship, so as to transmit the data detected by the detection mechanism 30 to the ground. At the same time, the control mechanism 50 installed on the top of the housing 10 can also help balance the center of gravity of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100, improve the structural stability of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100, and help protect the control mechanism 50.

[0055] Optionally, a counterweight structure is further provided at one end of the shell 10 away from the formation, and the center of gravity of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100 is balanced by the counterweight structure to improve the structural stability of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100.

[0056] Optionally, the shell 10 includes a central portion 13 and a plurality of blade portions 14, the plurality of blade portions 14 are spaced and evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the shell 10, the blade portions 14 are connected to the central portion 13 and extend in a direction away from the central portion 13, the number of the movable holes 101, the telescopic mechanism 20 and the detection mechanism 30 can be multiple, and the plurality of blade portions 14 correspond to the plurality of movable holes 101, the plurality of telescopic mechanisms 20 and the plurality of detection mechanisms 30. Thus, not only can the structural stability of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100 be improved, the structural rigidity and anti-bending ability be enhanced, so as to improve the stability and controllability of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100 in a deep sea environment, but also the volume and cross-sectional area of ​​the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100 can be reduced, so as to facilitate insertion into the formation and reduce disturbance to the formation.

[0057] It can be understood that in other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the housing 10 along its length direction may also be circular, triangular, rectangular, or the like.

[0058] Please combine Figure 5 , Figures 7 to 9 In some embodiments, the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100 further includes a limit frame 40, the limit frame 40 includes a frame body 41 and a limit portion 42, the frame body 41 is provided with a movable groove, the telescopic mechanism 20 can be movably arranged in the movable groove, the limit portion 42 is connected to the outer periphery of the frame body 41, and the cable sensor 31 can be movably arranged between the frame body 41 and the limit portion 42. Therefore, the cable sensor 31 can be brought closer to the telescopic mechanism 20 without interfering with the movement of the telescopic mechanism 20, so as to reduce the disturbance to the formation while ensuring the reliability of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100, thereby improving the reliability of natural gas hydrate extraction.

[0059] It is understandable that in other embodiments, the cable sensor 31 may also be inserted into the movable groove so that the cable sensor 31 is located between the frame 41 and the telescopic mechanism 20 .

[0060] It can be understood that in other embodiments, the cable sensor 31 can also be limited by the side wall of the movable hole so that the cable sensor 31 is closer to the outer periphery of the telescopic mechanism 20.

[0061] Optionally, the frame 41 is provided with a first buried wire groove 411, and the stopper 42 is provided at the opening of the first buried wire groove 411 to press the cable sensor 31 into the first buried wire groove 411. Thus, the distance between the cable sensor 31 and the telescopic mechanism 20 can be reduced when the cable sensor 31 follows the telescopic movement, and the disturbance to the formation is further reduced.

[0062] Optionally, the telescopic mechanism 20 is provided with a second cable embedding groove 201 corresponding to the first cable embedding groove 411 (see Fig.10 ), the second buried wire groove 201 and the first buried wire groove 411 are respectively connected to the movable groove, and the limiting part 42 is used to press the cable sensor 31 into the first buried wire groove 411 and the second buried wire groove 201.

[0063] In this way, the cable sensor 31 is pressed into the first buried cable groove 411 and the second buried cable groove 201 by the limiting part 42, so that when the cable sensor 31 follows the telescopic mechanism 20 to move away from the frame 41, the cable sensor 31 remains in the second buried cable groove 201, thereby reducing the distance between the cable sensor 31 and the telescopic mechanism 20 and improving the structural reliability, which is beneficial to reduce the disturbance to the formation and improve the accuracy of the detection data.

[0064] Optionally, the diameter of the cable sensor 31 is greater than or equal to the opening size of the second cable burying groove 201, so that when the cable sensor 31 moves with the telescopic mechanism 20, the cable sensor 31 is at least partially embedded and installed in the second cable burying groove 201, thereby improving the structural reliability and facilitating the recovery of the cable sensor 31 when the telescopic mechanism 20 contracts, so as to realize the reuse of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100.

[0065] It can be understood that in other embodiments, the diameter of the cable sensor 31 can also be smaller than the opening size of the second buried cable groove 201, so that the cable sensor 31 can be movable relative to the second buried cable groove 201, which can facilitate the separation of the telescopic mechanism 20 and the cable sensor 31. After the telescopic mechanism 20 drives the cable sensor 31 to move to the target detection point, the telescopic mechanism 20 is separated from the cable sensor 31, and the telescopic mechanism 20 contracts alone to increase the contact area between the cable sensor 31 and the natural gas hydrate formation, which is beneficial to improve the reliability of data detection.

[0066] Optionally, the limiting part 42 includes a fixing part and a roller, the fixing part is connected to the frame 41, the roller is rotatably connected to the fixing part, the roller is rollingly connected to the cable sensor 31, and the axis of the roller is perpendicular to the telescopic movement direction of the telescopic mechanism 20. Thus, the rolling friction between the roller and the cable sensor 31 can be reduced, so as to reduce the wear on the roller and the cable sensor 31, which is conducive to improving the reliability of the cable sensor 31.

[0067] Please combine Figure 7 In some embodiments, the detection mechanism 30 further includes a detection head 32 , which is disposed on the top of the telescopic mechanism 20 , and one end of the cable sensor 31 away from the housing 10 is connected to the detection head 32 .

[0068] In this way, the cable sensor 31 is indirectly connected to the telescopic mechanism 20 through the detection head 32, which can facilitate the telescopic movement of the telescopic mechanism 20. At the same time, by arranging the detection head 32 on the top of the telescopic mechanism 20, the detection head 32 can be used to detect the state of the soil layer in front of the extended telescopic mechanism 20, so as to facilitate controlling the movement of the telescopic mechanism 20 and improve the flexibility and reliability of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100.

[0069] Optionally, as can be seen from the foregoing, in some embodiments, the cable sensor 31 is movable relative to the second buried cable groove 201, and the telescopic mechanism 20 is separable from the cable sensor 31. Based on this, the telescopic mechanism 20 can be movably connected to the detection head 32, so that the telescopic mechanism 20 is disconnected from the detection head 32 when it is retracted. Therefore, after the telescopic mechanism 20 drives the detection mechanism 30 to move to the target detection point, the telescopic mechanism 20 can be controlled to retract by the control mechanism 50, and the detection head 32 remains stationary at this time, so that the telescopic mechanism 20 is separated from the detection head 32, and the end of the cable sensor 31 away from the housing 10 is connected to the detection head 32 and remains stationary, so that the telescopic mechanism 20 retracts alone and is separated from the cable sensor 31 and the detection head 32, so that the cable sensor 31 can fully contact with the natural gas hydrate, increase the contact area between the cable sensor 31 and the natural gas hydrate formation, and thus help improve the reliability of data detection.

[0070] Optionally, the detection head 32 is sleeved on the top end of the telescopic mechanism 20 away from the shell 10, so that when the telescopic mechanism 20 extends out of the shell 10, the detection head 32 can be pushed to move in a direction away from the shell 10, and can be separated from the detection head 32 when the telescopic mechanism 20 retracts into the shell 10.

[0071] Optionally, the detection head 32 is provided with a signal excitation receiving device and a gyroscope, and the signal excitation receiving device is communicatively connected with the control mechanism 50, so that it can sense the direction change during the relative formation movement and realize spatial positioning.

[0072] Optionally, the detection head 32 is further provided with a natural gas hydrate concentration detection sensor which is communicatively connected to the control mechanism 50 , so as to detect the concentration change of the natural gas hydrate in real time and send the detected data to the control mechanism 50 .

[0073] Please refer again Figures 5 to 7 In some embodiments, the detection mechanism 30 includes a winding assembly 33 installed in the shell 10, the winding assembly 33 includes a reel 331, and one end of the cable sensor 31 away from the telescopic mechanism 20 is connected to the reel 331 and wound around the outer circumference of the reel 331.

[0074] In this way, by winding the cable sensor 31 on the outer circumference of the drum 331, it is possible to facilitate the storage of the cable sensor 31, improve the reliability of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100, and avoid the situation where the cable sensor 31 is entangled, knotted or stacked in the shell 10 and affects its movement.

[0075] Please combine Figure 7 and Fig. 9 Optionally, the winding assembly 33 also includes a cable organizer 332, a cable organizer motor 333 and a cable nut 334. The cable organizer 332 includes a cable organizer shaft, which is rotatably connected to the shell 10. The axial direction of the cable organizer shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the reel 331. The output end of the cable organizer motor 333 is connected to the cable organizer shaft. The cable organizer motor 333 is communicatively connected to the control mechanism 50. The cable organizer shaft is provided with an external thread. The cable nut 334 is provided with a threaded hole and a clamping portion. The cable organizer shaft is passed through the threaded hole and is threadedly connected to the cable nut 334. The cable sensor 31 is passed through the clamping portion.

[0076] In this way, when the cable management motor 333 drives the cable management shaft to rotate, the cable nut 334 is displaced along the axial direction of the cable management shaft under the action of the thread, so as to drive the cable sensor 31 to move along the axial direction of the reel 331, thereby making the cable sensor 31 wind and unwind along the axial direction of the reel 331, so as to improve the smoothness of the winding of the cable sensor 31 on the reel 331, and avoid the situation where the cable sensor 31 is continuously wound at the same position of the reel 331, resulting in an increase in the radial size of the reel 331 after winding, resulting in too large an occupied area.

[0077] Optionally, the winding assembly 33 also includes a first worm and two first turbines, the output end of the wire management motor 333 is connected to the first worm, the wire management device 332 includes two wire management shafts, the two wire management shafts are arranged at intervals, the wire nut 334 is provided with two threaded holes, the two turbines correspond one by one to the two wire management shafts and the two threaded holes respectively, and the turbines are sleeved on the outer periphery of the wire management shaft, and the clamping part is located between the two threaded holes.

[0078] In this way, the first worm is driven to rotate by the wire management motor 333 to drive the two first turbines to rotate, thereby driving the two wire management shafts to rotate, thereby driving the wire harness thread to move along the axis direction of the wire management shaft. The two wire management shafts drive the wire harness nut 334 to move, which can improve the movement stability of the wire harness nut 334.

[0079] In some embodiments, the winding assembly 33 also includes a reel 335 and an elastic member 336, the reel 335 is fixedly connected to the shell 10, the reel 331 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the reel 335, the elastic member 336 is located between the reel 335 and the reel 331, and one end of the elastic member 336 is connected to the reel 335, and the other end of the elastic member 336 is connected to the reel 331.

[0080] In this way, when the cable sensor 31 wound on the outer periphery of the reel 331 is unwound (i.e., pulled out of the shell 10), the cable sensor 31 drives the reel 331 to rotate relative to the reel 335 to stretch the elastic member 336, so that the elastic member 336 provides tension for the reel 331, thereby keeping the cable sensor 31 in a taut state to improve the reliability of the cable sensor 31 in the shell 10.

[0081] Optionally, the elastic member 336 may be any one of a coil spring, a torsion spring or a tension spring, etc., and may be specifically configured according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0082] In some embodiments, the cable sensor 31 is a distributed optical fiber sensor, and the detection mechanism 30 also includes a signal exciter and an optical fiber interface. The signal exciter is arranged on the periphery of the reel 335, one end of the optical fiber interface is connected to the signal exciter, and the other end of the optical fiber interface is connected to the distributed optical fiber sensor.

[0083] In this way, the signal exciter is used to excite the signal to drive the distributed optical fiber sensor to detect the temperature, pressure and other parameters in the formation in real time, and receive the detection data signal returned by the distributed optical fiber sensor, and then send the detection data signal to the control mechanism 50 to realize real-time monitoring of the formation data.

[0084] It can be understood that in other embodiments, the cable sensor 31 may also be a cable temperature sensor or a cable vibration sensor, etc.

[0085] Please refer again Figures 4 to 6In some embodiments, the shell 10 is provided with a first mounting groove 11 and a second mounting groove 12 connected to the accommodating space. The first mounting groove 11 and the second mounting groove 12 are spaced apart and arranged on both sides of the movable hole 101 and are connected to the movable hole 101. The telescopic mechanism 20 includes a first tooth chain 21, a second tooth chain 22 and a driving component 23. The first tooth chain 21 can be movably installed in the first mounting groove 11, and the second tooth chain 22 can be movably installed in the second mounting groove 12. The driving component 23 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 50. The driving component 23 is used to drive the first tooth chain 21 and the second tooth chain 22 to extend out of the first mounting groove 11 and the second mounting groove 12 and enter the movable hole 101, so that the first tooth chain 21 and the second tooth chain 22 are engaged to form a rigid chain column 24, and the cable sensor 31 is connected to the rigid chain column 24.

[0086] In this way, by setting the first mounting groove 11 and the second mounting groove 12 to provide a storage space for the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22, the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 can be easily stored, so as to reduce the disturbance caused to the formation when the shell 10 is inserted into the natural gas hydrate formation. At the same time, the switching between the flexible and rigid states is realized through the cooperation of the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22, so that the flexible first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 can be accommodated in the storage space, and the rigid chain column 24 formed after the bite has rigidity and can drive the flexible cable sensor 31 to move in the formation, so as to control the detection position of the cable sensor 31 and facilitate the working state switching of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100. Specifically, the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 are arranged to be able to move relative to the shell 10 and engage with each other under the drive of the driving component 23 to form a rigid chain column 24. As the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 are driven, the rigid chain column 24 extends out of the shell 10 through the movable hole 101 and moves away from the shell 10, so as to drive the cable sensor 31 to move away from the shell 10 to the target detection point for detection. When the detection is completed, the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 rotate in the opposite direction to drive the rigid chain column 24 to move toward the shell 10, so that the engaged parts of the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 are separated and stored in the first installation groove 11 and the second installation groove 12.

[0087] Please combine Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Fig.10 and Fig.11Optionally, a plurality of first teeth 211 are provided on the side opposite to the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22, and the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 are engaged with each other through the first teeth 211 to form a rigid chain column 24. A first rack 212 is provided on the side opposite to the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22, and the driving component 23 includes a driving member 231 and two first gears 232 arranged at intervals. The driving member 231 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 50, and the driving member 231 is used to drive the first gear 232 to rotate. The first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 correspond to the two first gears 232 one by one, respectively, and the first gear 232 is meshed with the first rack 212.

[0088] In this way, by meshing and connecting the first gear 232 with the first toothed chain 21 and the first rack 212 of the second toothed chain 22 to drive the extension and retraction of the rigid chain column 24, the stability and reliability of the extension and retraction movement of the rigid chain column 24 can be improved. When the driving member 231 drives the first gear 232 to rotate, the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 move relative to the shell 10 respectively driven by the first gear 232, so that the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 are engaged through the first tooth 211 to form a rigid chain column 24 or separate.

[0089] Optionally, as can be seen from the above, the telescopic mechanism 20 is provided with a second wire burying groove 201 corresponding to the first wire burying groove 411, and the limiting portion 42 is used to press the cable sensor 31 into the first wire burying groove 411 and the second wire burying groove 201. Based on this, the second wire burying groove 201 is arranged on the side opposite to the first tooth chain 21 and the second tooth chain 22, and the first rack 212 is located at the bottom of the second wire burying groove 201.

[0090] In this way, on the one hand, the cable sensor 31 can be connected to the outer side of the rigid chain column 24 (i.e., the side away from the engagement of the first tooth 211), so as to reduce the transmission interference of the cable sensor 31 on the rigid chain column 24, thereby ensuring the transmission reliability of the rigid chain column 24 while allowing the cable sensor 31 to be arranged close to the outer periphery of the rigid chain column 24 to reduce the disturbance to the natural gas hydrate formation. On the other hand, the first rack 212 can be hidden in the first tooth chain 21 and the second tooth chain 22, so as to protect the first tooth chain 21 and the second tooth chain 22 and avoid the situation in which the transmission work is affected by the adhesion of natural gas hydrate to the first rack 212 when the rigid chain column 24 extends out of the shell 10.

[0091] Optionally, the number of cable sensors 31 may be multiple, and a single telescopic mechanism 20 corresponds to at least two cable sensors 31. Exemplarily, the number of cable sensors 31 is two, and the two cable sensors 31 are respectively located on the opposite sides of the first tooth chain 21 and the second tooth chain 22, thereby being beneficial to the detection range of the detection mechanism 30 and improving the reliability of the detection mechanism 30 in detecting formation data.

[0092] Optionally, the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 each include a plurality of mutually hinged chain links, and each chain link is provided with a first tooth 211 and a first rack 212 on both sides, so that the side of the chain link provided with the first rack 212 can cooperate with the driving component 23, and the other side of the chain link (i.e., the side provided with the first tooth 211) can be used to mesh with the teeth of another toothed chain to form a rigid chain column 24, so that under the drive of the driving component 23, the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22 can move and mesh with each other to form a rigid chain column 24 extending relative to the shell 10, so as to drive the detection mechanism 30 to move to the target detection point.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first installation groove 11 and the second installation groove 12 are arranged in a surrounding manner inside the shell 10 and extend along the length direction of the shell 10 to rationally utilize the space of the shell 10, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100 and thus reducing interference with the formation.

[0094] Optionally, when the telescopic mechanism 20 and the cable sensor 31 extend out of the shell 10, the extension direction of the telescopic mechanism 20 and the cable sensor 31 is perpendicular to the length direction of the shell 10, so as to facilitate structural design and improve the stability of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100 on the seabed.

[0095] It can be understood that in other embodiments, the extension direction of the telescopic mechanism 20 may also form an acute angle or an obtuse angle with the length direction of the shell 10 , or be parallel to the length direction of the shell 10 .

[0096] Optionally, the driving assembly 23 also includes a bevel gear pair 233, a second turbine 234, a second worm 235, a first driven gear 236 and a second driven gear 237. The driving wheel of the bevel gear pair 233 is connected to the output end of the driving member 231, the driven wheel of the bevel gear pair 233 is connected to the second worm 235, the second turbine 234 is meshingly connected to the second worm 235, the first driven gear 236 is connected to the second turbine 234 via a rotating shaft, the second driven gear 237 is meshingly connected to the first driven gear 236, and the two first gears 232 are respectively connected to the first driven gear 236 and the second driven gear 237 via a rotating shaft, so that one driving member 231 can drive the two first gears 232 to rotate, which is conducive to the synchronous movement of the first toothed chain 21 and the second toothed chain 22, improving the reliability of the rigid chain column 24, saving driving energy and reducing energy consumption.

[0097] Optionally, the axis of the rotating shaft of the driving wheel of the bevel gear pair 233 is parallel to the length direction of the shell 10, and the driving member 231 is located at the top of the shell 10, so as to reasonably utilize the space of the shell 10 and reduce the volume of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100.

[0098] Please combine Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.12 In a second aspect, the present application further provides a natural gas hydrate formation monitoring method, which uses the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100 as described in the first aspect to perform monitoring, and the method includes:

[0099] S1, inserting the shell 10 into the natural gas hydrate formation;

[0100] S2 . The control mechanism 50 drives the telescopic mechanism 20 to extend, so as to drive the cable sensor 31 to extend out of the housing 10 through the movable hole 101 .

[0101] S3. The control mechanism 50 drives the cable sensor 31 to work so as to detect the data of the natural gas hydrate formation in real time.

[0102] S4. The cable sensor 31 sends the detected real-time data to the control mechanism 50. The control mechanism 50 receives the real-time data and transmits it to the ground.

[0103] In this way, the telescopic mechanism 20 is provided to drive the cable sensor 31 to extend relative to the shell 10, and the cable sensor 31 is used to detect the data of the natural gas hydrate formation in real time to accurately obtain the state of the natural gas hydrate formation. The real-time data is then received by the control mechanism 50 and transmitted to the ground to realize real-time monitoring of the formation state, thereby improving the reliability of natural gas hydrate extraction.

[0104] It can be understood that since the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring method adopts the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100 of the first aspect for monitoring, the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring method has the beneficial effects of the natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device 100 of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0105] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application. In addition, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. A natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device, characterized in that: include: A shell, wherein the shell is provided with an accommodating space and a movable hole communicating with the accommodating space; a telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism being movably mounted in the housing so that the telescopic mechanism can be contracted and accommodated in the accommodation space, or the telescopic mechanism can be extended and extended out of the housing through the movable hole; The detection mechanism comprises a cable sensor accommodated in the accommodating space, one end of the cable sensor is connected to the telescopic mechanism, and when the telescopic mechanism is extended, the cable sensor is driven to unfold and extend out of the housing, and the extension direction of the cable sensor is the same as the extension direction of the telescopic mechanism. The cable sensor is used to detect data of the natural gas hydrate formation in real time; as well as A control mechanism, the control mechanism is communicatively connected to the detection mechanism, and the control mechanism is used to receive the real-time data detected by the cable sensor and transmit it to the ground; A limit frame, the limit frame includes a frame body and a limit part, the frame body is provided with a movable groove, the telescopic mechanism can be movably inserted into the movable groove, the limit part is connected to the outer periphery of the frame body, the cable sensor can be movably inserted between the frame body and the limit part, the frame body is provided with a first buried wire groove, the telescopic mechanism is correspondingly provided with a second buried wire groove, the second buried wire groove and the first buried wire groove are respectively connected to the movable groove, and the limit part is provided at the opening of the first buried wire groove to press the cable sensor into the first buried wire groove and the second buried wire groove; The detection mechanism comprises a winding assembly installed in the housing, the winding assembly comprises a drum, and one end of the cable sensor away from the telescopic mechanism is connected to the drum and wound around the outer circumference of the drum.

2. The natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding assembly also includes a cable organizer, a cable organizer motor and a cable nut. The cable organizer includes a cable organizer shaft, which is rotatably connected to the shell, and the axial direction of the cable organizer shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the reel. The output end of the cable organizer motor is connected to the cable organizer shaft, and the cable organizer motor is communicatively connected to the control mechanism. The cable organizer shaft is threadedly connected to the cable nut, and the cable nut is provided with a clamping portion, and the cable sensor is inserted through the clamping portion.

3. The natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism further comprises a detection head, which is arranged at the top of the telescopic mechanism, and one end of the cable sensor away from the shell is connected to the detection head.

4. The natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove connected to the accommodating space, the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are spaced apart and arranged on both sides of the movable hole and connected to the movable hole, the telescopic mechanism includes a first tooth chain, a second tooth chain and a driving component, the first tooth chain can be movably installed in the first mounting groove, the second tooth chain can be movably installed in the second mounting groove, the driving component is used to drive the first tooth chain and the second tooth chain to extend out of the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove and enter the movable hole, so that the first tooth chain and the second tooth chain are engaged to form a rigid chain column, and the cable sensor is connected to the rigid chain column.

5. The natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of first teeth are provided on one side of the first toothed chain opposite to the second toothed chain, and the first toothed chain and the second toothed chain are engaged with each other through the first teeth to form the rigid chain column, and a first rack is provided on one side of the first toothed chain opposite to the second toothed chain, and the driving assembly includes a driving member and two first gears arranged at intervals, and the driving member is used to drive the first gear to rotate, and the first toothed chain and the second toothed chain correspond to the two first gears one by one respectively, and the first gear is meshed and connected with the first rack.

6. The natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second wire embedding groove is provided on the side of the first toothed chain opposite to the second toothed chain, the first rack is located at the bottom of the second wire embedding groove, and / or the cable sensor is at least partially embedded in the second wire embedding groove.

7. A natural gas hydrate formation monitoring method, characterized in that: The natural gas hydrate formation monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for monitoring, and the method comprises: inserting the casing into a natural gas hydrate formation; The control mechanism drives the telescopic mechanism to extend, so as to drive the cable sensor to extend out of the housing through the movable hole; The control mechanism drives the cable sensor to work so as to detect data of the natural gas hydrate formation in real time; The cable sensor sends the detected real-time data to the control mechanism, and the control mechanism receives the real-time data and transmits it to the ground.

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