Perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell double-glass assembly and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell double-glass assembly and a preparation method and application thereof. The perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell double-glass assembly comprises back plate glass, a bottom battery pack string, an insulating layer, a top battery pack string and front plate glass which are sequentially laminated, the bottom battery pack string comprises a plurality of sub-battery units which are sequentially connected in series end to end through a first transparent front electrode and a first back electrode; the top battery pack string comprises a plurality of sub-battery units which are sequentially connected in series end to end through a second transparent front electrode and a second back electrode; confluence conductive bands are laid on the first terminal and the second terminal and are used for confluence and export of carriers out of the battery so as to realize positive and negative electrode communication; the bottom battery pack string and the top battery pack string are connected in series through the double-sided conductive band; and the insulating packaging film is used for isolating the bottom battery pack string from the top battery pack string to realize integral packaging to form the double-glass assembly. According to the device, the top cell and the bottom cell can be connected in series without a tunneling composite layer, a two-end double-junction laminated structure is formed, light utilization can be maximized, and efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and specifically relates to a double-glass component of a perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the thin-film solar cells with two ends of the thin film are connected in series by the carrier recombination layer / tunneling layer to realize the top cell and the bottom cell. There are two main technical difficulties: first, in order to obtain the best electrical output performance of the stacked cell, it is necessary to accurately control the bandgap width (bandgap) and absorption layer thickness of the top cell and the bottom cell materials to maximize the utilization of the solar spectrum while minimizing the mismatch of the output current of the top cell and the bottom cell; second, the preparation of the stacked cell requires directly superimposing another complete PN-type device unit on a complete PN-type device unit, and a special functional layer needs to be introduced to realize the tunneling of carriers at the interface of the two devices to reduce the weakening effect of the NP reverse junction at the interface on the built-in electric field of each device. This requires consideration of complex issues such as the conductivity of the tunneling layer material, the defect density of the two interfaces formed by the upper and lower surfaces of the tunneling layer and the devices on both sides, the diffusion effect of the functional layer materials on both sides, and the feasibility of the preparation process. Therefore, it greatly increases the complexity of the process and adds great uncertainty to the stable operation of the device.

[0003] In addition, the perovskite absorption layer is currently mainly prepared by solution coating. In the two-terminal stacked device preparation process, when the second device unit (top or bottom battery) is prepared by solution coating on the completed first device unit (top or bottom battery), the solvent may dissolve or even directly dissolve the first device unit. Therefore, a barrier layer with good solvent barrier effect is also required, or the tunneling layer itself has good solvent barrier ability. Generally, SnO2 by atomic layer deposition is used as the tunneling barrier layer. Its preparation process conditions are harsh, the deposition rate is slow, the mass production is not high, and the cost is high.

[0004] Therefore, how to realize the series connection of the top cell and the bottom cell without using a tunneling layer while maximizing the utilization of sunlight and improving the light conversion efficiency of the device is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-glass module of a perovskite two-terminal laminated thin-film solar cell and its preparation method and application. The double-glass module of a perovskite two-terminal laminated thin-film solar cell provided by the present invention can realize the series connection of the top cell and the bottom cell without using a tunneling layer, which simplifies the structure and improves the operating stability of the device; and the device can be selected for the best match of the solar spectrum, thereby maximizing the utilization of sunlight and improving the light conversion efficiency of the device.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a double-glass component of a perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell, wherein the double-glass component of a perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell comprises a back panel glass, a bottom battery string, an insulating layer, a top battery string and a front panel glass which are stacked in sequence.

[0008] The bottom battery string includes a plurality of sub-battery units connected in series head to tail through a first transparent front electrode and a first back electrode; each sub-battery unit includes a first back electrode, a bottom battery and a first transparent front electrode in sequence along a direction away from the back panel glass; a separation groove is provided between adjacent sub-battery units for isolating the sub-battery units; the separation groove includes a filling area and a cutting area; the filling area fills part of the first transparent back electrode, and the cutting area cuts off the first transparent front electrode and the bottom battery in sequence.

[0009] The top battery string includes a plurality of sub-battery units connected in series head to tail through a second transparent front electrode and a second back electrode; each sub-battery unit includes a second transparent front electrode, a top battery and a second back electrode in sequence along a direction away from the front glass plate; a separation groove is provided between adjacent sub-battery units for isolating the sub-battery units; the separation groove includes a filling area and a cutting area; the filling area fills part of the second back electrode, and the cutting area cuts off the second back electrode and the top battery in sequence.

[0010] The left and right ends of the first back electrode of the bottom battery string and the second transparent front electrode of the top battery string are extended; a first terminal is set at one end of the extended first back electrode, and a second terminal is set at one end of the extended second transparent front electrode, and the first terminal and the second terminal are set at the same end, and a bus conductive tape is laid on the first terminal and the second terminal for conducting carriers out of the battery to achieve positive and negative pole connectivity; the other end of the first back electrode and the other end of the second transparent front electrode are connected by a double-sided conductive tape to achieve series connection of the bottom battery string and the top battery string.

[0011] An insulating packaging film is also provided between the front glass and the back glass to encapsulate the bottom battery string, the insulating layer and the top battery string.

[0012] The double-glass component of the perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell provided by the present invention can realize the series connection of the top cell and the bottom cell without using a tunneling layer, thereby simplifying the structure and improving the operating stability of the device; and during this period, the best match to the solar spectrum can be selected to maximize the utilization of sunlight and improve the light conversion efficiency of the device.

[0013] Preferably, the band gap of the perovskite absorber layer in the top cell is greater than the band gap of the perovskite absorber layer in the bottom cell.

[0014] In the present invention, the wide bandgap perovskite absorption layer and the narrow bandgap perovskite absorption layer cooperate with each other, which helps to maximize the utilization of sunlight and improve the light conversion efficiency of the device.

[0015] Preferably, the band gap of the perovskite absorption layer in the top cell is 1.55-1.8 eV, for example, it can be 1.55 eV, 1.6 eV, 1.7 eV or 1.8 eV.

[0016] Preferably, the band gap of the perovskite absorption layer in the bottom cell is 1.1-1.5 eV, for example, it may be 1.1 eV, 1.2 eV, 1.3 eV, 1.4 eV or 1.5 eV.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom battery and the top battery are both nip structures or pin structures.

[0018] It should be noted that the nip structure, also known as the formal structure, is a structure in which an electron transport layer, a perovskite absorption layer, a hole transport layer and an anode metal are prepared on a transparent cathode in sequence. In this structure, the perovskite absorption layer is sandwiched between an n-type semiconductor (electron transport layer) and a p-type semiconductor (hole transport layer), forming a sandwich-like structure. When light shines on the battery, the perovskite absorption layer absorbs photons and generates electron-hole pairs. Due to the special properties of perovskite, electrons and holes are separated in the perovskite absorption layer and move to the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer respectively. The role of the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer is to transfer electrons and holes to the electrode, thereby generating current.

[0019] Similarly, the pin structure, also known as the inversion structure, is a structure in which a hole transport layer, a perovskite absorption layer, an electron transport layer, and a cathode metal are successively prepared on a transparent anode. In this structure, the perovskite absorption layer is sandwiched between a p-type semiconductor (hole transport layer) and an n-type semiconductor (electron transport layer), forming a sandwich-like structure. When light shines on the battery, the perovskite absorption layer absorbs photons and generates electron-hole pairs. Due to the special properties of perovskite, electrons and holes are separated in the perovskite absorption layer and move to the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer, respectively.

[0020] Preferably, the materials of the first transparent front electrode and the second transparent front electrode are each independently a transparent conductive oxide.

[0021] Preferably, the transparent conductive oxide includes any one of FTO (fluorine-doped tin dioxide), ITO (indium tin oxide), IZO (indium zinc oxide), IWO (indium tungsten oxide), ITIO (indium tin titanium oxide), BZO (boron-doped zinc oxide) or AZO (aluminum zinc oxide), or a combination of at least two of them.

[0022] Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent front electrode and the second transparent front electrode are independently 10-2000 nm, for example, 10 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm, 500 nm, 1000 nm, 1500 nm or 2000 nm.

[0023] Preferably, the material of the first back electrode includes a transparent conductive oxide or a conductive metal. For example, the transparent conductive oxide may be FTO, ITO, IZO, IWO, ITIO, BZO or AZO, and the conductive metal may be copper, aluminum, tin, nickel, iron, silver or gold.

[0024] Preferably, the material of the second back electrode is a transparent conductive oxide, and the transparent conductive oxide includes any one of FTO, ITO, IZO, IWO, ITIO, BZO or AZO, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0025] Preferably, the thickness of the first back electrode is 10-2000 nm, for example, 10 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm, 500 nm, 1000 nm, 1500 nm or 2000 nm.

[0026] Preferably, the thickness of the second back electrode is 10-2000 nm, for example, 10 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm, 500 nm, 1000 nm, 1500 nm or 2000 nm.

[0027] Preferably, the materials of the busbar conductive tape and the double-sided conductive tape each independently include a conductive metal, for example, any one of copper, aluminum, tin, nickel, iron, silver or gold, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0028] Preferably, the first terminal and the second terminal have opposite polarities. For example, when the first terminal is positive, the second terminal is negative; when the first terminal is negative, the second terminal is positive.

[0029] Preferably, the longitudinal conduction resistance of the insulating layer is ≥1×10 5 Ω, for example, can be 5×10 5 Ω、7×10 5 Ω or 1×10 6 Ω, etc.

[0030] Preferably, the material of the insulating layer includes any one of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), POE (polyolefin elastomer), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) or EPE (pearl cotton) or a combination of at least two of them.

[0031] Preferably, the thickness of the insulating layer is 10-2000 μm, for example, 10 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 500 μm, 1000 μm, 1500 μm or 2000 μm.

[0032] Preferably, the perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell double-glass assembly includes a plurality of solar cell strings, each solar cell string includes the back panel glass, bottom battery string, insulating layer, top battery string and front panel glass stacked in sequence.

[0033] The double-glass module of the perovskite two-terminal laminated thin-film solar cell provided by the present invention can be made into more than one battery string, which can be interconnected in parallel to obtain component products with different output electrical properties. In addition, each battery string can contain different numbers of sub-battery components.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a double-glass component of a perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell as described in the first aspect, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0035] (1) Preparing a bottom battery string, the specific steps include:

[0036] (a1) A first back electrode is deposited on the back panel glass, and then the first back electrode is scribed for the first time according to the graphic design to form a plurality of first back electrode sub-units.

[0037] (b1) depositing a bottom cell on the first back electrode, and then performing a second scribing on the bottom cell according to a graphic design, wherein the second scribing is parallel to the first scribing, to form a plurality of bottom cell sub-units.

[0038] (c1) depositing a first transparent front electrode on the bottom battery, and then performing a third scratching on the first transparent front electrode according to a graphic design, wherein the third scratching is parallel to the second scratching, to form a plurality of first transparent front electrode sub-units.

[0039] (2) Preparing a top battery string, the specific steps include:

[0040] (a2) depositing a second transparent front electrode on the front glass plate, and then performing a first scribing on the second transparent front electrode according to a graphic design to form a plurality of second transparent front electrode sub-units.

[0041] (b2) depositing a top cell on the second transparent front electrode, and then performing a second scribing on the top cell according to the graphic design, wherein the second scribing is parallel to the first scribing, to form a plurality of top cell sub-units.

[0042] (c2) depositing a second back electrode on the top battery, and then performing a third scratching on the second back electrode according to a graphic design, wherein the third scratching is parallel to the second scratching, to form a plurality of second back electrode sub-units.

[0043] (3) The film layers at both ends of the bottom battery string parallel to the back glass are removed, leaving part of the first back electrode; the film layers at both ends of the top battery string parallel to the front glass are removed, leaving part of the second transparent front electrode.

[0044] (4) Connect the first back electrode at one end of the bottom battery cleared area to the second transparent front electrode at the same end of the top battery cleared area through a double-sided conductive tape.

[0045] The first terminal disposed on the other end of the first back electrode of the bottom battery clearing area and the second terminal disposed on the same end of the second transparent front electrode of the top battery clearing area are respectively connected to the bus conductive tape, so that the carrier bus is led out of the battery.

[0046] (5) Laying an insulating layer between the top battery string and the bottom battery string for assembly, so that the front glass and the back glass are located on the outermost side, and performing a lamination process, and then connecting the busbar conductive tapes led out of the first terminal and the second terminal to the positive and negative electrodes in the junction box, and then filling the inside of the junction box with insulating packaging glue, and after curing, obtaining the perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell double-glass module.

[0047] It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the deposition method of the top cell and the bottom cell. For example, the perovskite absorption layer can be formed by solution spin coating or solution coating, and the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer can be formed by magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation or solution coating.

[0048] Preferably, the width of the first scribe line in step (1) and the width of the first scribe line in step (2) are independently 10-100 μm, for example, 10 μm, 20 μm, 50 μm, 80 μm or 100 μm.

[0049] Preferably, the width of the second scribe line in step (1) and the width of the second scribe line in step (2) are independently 10-100 μm, for example, 10 μm, 20 μm, 50 μm, 80 μm or 100 μm.

[0050] Preferably, the width of the third scribe line in step (1) and the third scribe line in step (2) are independently 10-100 μm, for example, 10 μm, 20 μm, 50 μm, 80 μm or 100 μm.

[0051] Preferably, the deposition methods of the first back electrode and the second back electrode each independently include any one of vacuum evaporation, magnetron sputtering, screen printing, coating, lamination or welding, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0052] Preferably, in step (1), the first scribing, the second scribing and the third scribing are each independently performed by laser scribing or mechanical scribing.

[0053] Preferably, the deposition methods of the first transparent front electrode and the second transparent front electrode independently include any one of vacuum evaporation, magnetron sputtering, screen printing, coating, lamination or welding, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0054] Preferably, in step (2), the first scribing, the second scribing and the third scribing are each independently performed by laser scribing or mechanical scribing.

[0055] Preferably, the cleaning method in step (3) includes laser scribing or mechanical scribing.

[0056] Preferably, the temperature of the lamination treatment in step (5) is 80-200°C, for example, 80°C, 100°C, 150°C or 200°C, and the pressure is 0.1-100MPa, for example, 0.1MPa, 0.1MPa, 1MPa, 10MPa, 30MPa, 50MPa, 70MPa or 90MPa, etc.

[0057] Preferably, the curing temperature in step (5) is 25-80°C, for example, 25°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C or 80°C.

[0058] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of a double-glass component of a perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell as described in the first aspect in a photovoltaic component.

[0059] The numerical range described in the present invention not only includes the point values ​​listed above, but also includes any point values ​​between the above numerical ranges that are not listed. Due to space limitations and for the sake of simplicity, the present invention no longer exhaustively lists the specific point values ​​included in the range.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0061] (1) The double-glass module of the perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell provided by the present invention can realize the series connection of the top cell and the bottom cell without using a tunneling layer, thereby simplifying the structure and improving the operating stability of the device; and during this period, the best match to the solar spectrum can be selected to maximize the utilization of sunlight and improve the light conversion efficiency of the device.

[0062] (2) The double-glass module of the perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell provided by the present invention can be made into more than one battery string, which can be interconnected in parallel to obtain module products with different output electrical properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-glass component of a perovskite two-terminal laminated thin-film solar cell provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0064] Among them, 1-back panel glass; 2-bottom battery string; 21-first back electrode; 22-bottom battery; 23-first transparent front electrode; 3-insulating layer; 4-top battery string; 41-second transparent front electrode; 42-top battery; 43-second back electrode; 5-front panel glass; 6-first terminal; 7-second terminal; 8-double-sided conductive tape; 9-insulating packaging film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by specific implementation methods. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are only to help understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] This embodiment provides a double-glass perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell module, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell double-glass component includes a back panel glass 1, a bottom battery string 2, an insulating layer 3, a top battery string 4 and a front panel glass 5 which are stacked in sequence.

[0068] The bottom battery string 2 includes 90 sub-battery units connected in series head to tail through the first transparent front electrode 23 (made of ITO, with a thickness of 100nm) and the first back electrode 21 (made of silver, with a thickness of 100nm); each sub-battery unit includes the first back electrode 21, the bottom battery 22 and the first transparent front electrode 23 in the direction away from the back plate glass 1; a separation groove is provided between adjacent sub-battery units to separate the sub-battery units; the separation groove includes a filling area and a cutting area; the filling area fills part of the first transparent back electrode; the cutting area cuts off the first transparent front electrode 23 and the bottom battery 22 in sequence. The bottom battery 22 is a nip structure, and includes an electron transport layer (made of C 60 , thickness of 20nm), perovskite absorption layer (chemical formula is FA 0.7 MA 0.3 Pb 0.5 Sn 0.5I3, thickness is 400nm, band gap is 1.2eV) and hole transport layer (material is NiO2, thickness is 30nm).

[0069] The top battery string 4 includes 90 sub-battery units connected in series head to tail through the second transparent front electrode 41 (made of ITO, with a thickness of 100nm) and the second back electrode 43 (made of silver, with a thickness of 100nm); each sub-battery unit includes the second transparent front electrode 41, the top battery 42 and the second back electrode 43 in the direction away from the front plate glass 5; a separation groove is provided between adjacent sub-battery units to separate the sub-battery units; the separation groove includes a filling area and a cutting area; the filling area fills part of the second back electrode 43; the cutting area cuts off the second back electrode 43 and the top battery 42 in sequence. The top battery 42 is a nip structure, and includes an electron transport layer (made of C 60 , thickness of 20nm), perovskite absorption layer (chemical formula is Cs 0.3 FA 0.7 PbI 1.8 Br 1.2 , thickness is 250nm, band gap is 1.8eV) and hole transport layer (material is NiO2, thickness is 30nm).

[0070] The first back electrode 21 of the bottom battery string 2 and the second transparent front electrode 41 of the top battery string 4 are extended at both left and right ends; a first terminal 6 with a negative polarity is set at one end of the extended first back electrode 21, and a second terminal 7 with a positive polarity is set at one end of the extended second transparent front electrode 41, and the first terminal 6 and the second terminal 7 are arranged at the same end, and a bus conductive tape made of copper is laid on the first terminal 6 and the second terminal 7, which is used for the carrier bus to conduct the battery to the outside, so as to realize the connection between the positive and negative electrodes in the junction box; the other end of the extended first back electrode 21 and the other end of the extended second transparent front electrode 41 are connected by a double-sided conductive tape 8 made of copper, so as to realize the series connection of the bottom battery string 2 and the top battery string 4.

[0071] The insulating layer 3 is made of PET with a thickness of 1000 μm and a longitudinal conduction resistance of 10 5 Ω; an insulating packaging film 9 is also provided between the front glass plate 5 and the back glass plate 1, for packaging the bottom battery string 2, the insulating layer 3 and the top battery string 4.

[0072] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned double-glass component of the perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0073] (1) preparing a bottom battery string 2, the specific steps include:

[0074] (a1) The first back electrode 21 is deposited on the back panel glass 1 by magnetron sputtering, and then the first back electrode 21 is scribed by laser according to the graphical design. The width of the scribed line is 50 μm, forming 90 first back electrode 21 sub-units.

[0075] (b1) A bottom battery 22 is deposited on the first back electrode 21, and then a second scribe line is performed on the bottom battery 22 using laser scribing according to the graphical design. The width of the scribe line is 50 μm, and the second scribe line is parallel to the first scribe line, forming 90 bottom battery 22 sub-units.

[0076] (c1) A first transparent front electrode 23 is deposited on the bottom battery 22 by magnetron sputtering, and then a third scratch is made on the first transparent front electrode 23 by laser scribing according to a graphical design. The width of the scratched line is 50 μm, and the third scratch is parallel to the second scratch, forming 90 first transparent front electrode 23 sub-units.

[0077] (2) preparing the top battery string 4, the specific steps include:

[0078] (a2) A second transparent front electrode 41 is deposited on the front glass plate 5 by magnetron sputtering, and then the second transparent front electrode 41 is scribed for the first time by laser scribing according to the graphical design. The width of the scribed line is 50 μm, forming 90 sub-units of the second transparent front electrode 41.

[0079] (b2) depositing a top cell 42 on the second transparent front electrode 41, and then performing a second scribe line on the top cell 42 using laser scribing according to the graphical design. The width of the scribe line is 50 μm, and the second scribe line is parallel to the first scribe line, forming 90 top cell 42 sub-units.

[0080] (c2) A second back electrode 43 is deposited on the top battery 42 by magnetron sputtering, and then the second back electrode 43 is scribed a third time by laser scribing according to a graphical design. The width of the scribed line is 50 μm, and the third scribe line is parallel to the second scribe line, forming 90 second back electrode 43 sub-units.

[0081] (3) Using a laser scribing method, the film layers at both ends of the bottom battery string 2 parallel to the back glass 1 are removed, leaving part of the first back electrode 21; using a laser scribing method, the film layers at both ends of the top battery string 4 parallel to the front glass 5 are removed, leaving part of the second transparent front electrode 41.

[0082] (4) Connect the first back electrode 21 at one end of the cleared area of ​​the bottom battery 22 and the second transparent front electrode 41 at the same end of the cleared area of ​​the top battery 42 through a double-sided conductive tape 8.

[0083] The first terminal 6 provided on the first back electrode 21 at the other end of the cleared area of ​​the bottom battery 22 and the second terminal 7 provided on the second transparent front electrode 41 at the same end of the cleared area of ​​the top battery 42 are respectively connected to the bus conductive tape so that the carrier bus is led out of the battery.

[0084] (5) An insulating layer 3 is laid between the top battery string 4 and the bottom battery string 2 to laminate the panels so that the front glass 5 and the back glass 1 are located at the outermost sides, and a lamination process is performed at 130° C. and a pressure of 20 MPa. Then, the busbar conductive tapes led out from the first terminal 6 and the second terminal 7 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes in the junction box, and then the inside of the junction box is filled with insulating packaging glue 9. After curing at 25° C., the perovskite two-terminal laminated thin-film solar cell double-glass module is obtained.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the sub-battery cells of the first 50 top battery strings are integrated with the sub-battery cells in the bottom battery string to form a stacked perovskite battery string in series, and the sub-battery cells in the last 50 top battery strings are integrated with the sub-battery cells in the bottom battery string to form a stacked perovskite battery string in series; two stacked perovskite battery strings are connected in parallel to form the perovskite two-end stacked thin-film solar cell double-glass module.

[0087] The rest of the product structure remains the same as in Example 1.

[0088] Comparative Example 1

[0089] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the adjacent sub-battery units in the bottom battery string are connected end to end in series through a copper wire, that is, one end of the copper wire is connected to a first transparent front electrode of the same size as the bottom battery, and the other end is connected to a first back electrode of the same size as the bottom battery;

[0090] Adjacent sub-battery units in the top battery string are connected in series end to end via copper wires, that is, one end of the copper wire is connected to a second transparent front electrode of the same size as the top battery, and the other end is connected to a second back electrode of the same size as the top battery.

[0091] The rest of the product structure remains the same as in Example 1.

[0092] In summary, the double-glass component of the perovskite two-terminal laminated thin-film solar cell provided by the present invention can realize the series connection of the top cell and the bottom cell without using a tunneling layer, which simplifies the structure and improves the operating stability of the device; and the device can be selected for the best match of the solar spectrum, thereby maximizing the utilization of sunlight and improving the light conversion efficiency of the device. In addition, the double-glass component of the perovskite two-terminal laminated thin-film solar cell provided by the present invention can be made into a battery string greater than one, and by interconnecting in parallel, component products with different output electrical properties can be obtained.

[0093] It can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 that compared with Comparative Example 1 which uses wires to achieve series connection of adjacent sub-battery units, the present application uses a full scribing process to achieve series connection of top batteries and bottom batteries, which is fully compatible with existing mass production solutions and is more mass-producible. In addition, the preparation processes of the top battery string and the bottom battery string are completely parallelized, and stacking and series connection are simultaneously achieved in the component packaging.

[0094] The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the process method of the present invention through the above-mentioned embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned process steps, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-mentioned process steps to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the raw materials selected by the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-glass component of a perovskite two-terminal laminated thin-film solar cell, characterized in that: The perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell double-glass assembly comprises a back plate glass, a bottom battery string, an insulating layer, a top battery string and a front plate glass which are stacked in sequence; The bottom battery string comprises a plurality of sub-battery units connected in series head to tail through a first transparent front electrode and a first back electrode; each sub-battery unit comprises a first back electrode, a bottom battery and a first transparent front electrode in a direction away from the back plate glass; a separation groove is provided between adjacent sub-battery units for separating the sub-battery units; the separation groove comprises a filling area and a cutting area; the filling area fills part of the first transparent back electrode, and the cutting area cuts off the first transparent front electrode and the bottom battery in sequence; The top battery string comprises a plurality of sub-battery units connected in series head to tail through a second transparent front electrode and a second back electrode; each sub-battery unit comprises a second transparent front electrode, a top battery and a second back electrode in sequence along a direction away from the front plate glass; a separation groove is provided between adjacent sub-battery units for separating the sub-battery units; the separation groove comprises a filling area and a cutting area; the filling area fills a portion of the second back electrode, and the cutting area sequentially cuts off the second back electrode and the top battery; The left and right ends of the first back electrode of the bottom battery string and the second transparent front electrode of the top battery string are both extended; a first terminal is provided at one end of the first back electrode, and a second terminal is provided at one end of the second transparent front electrode, and the first terminal and the second terminal are provided at the same end, and a bus conductive tape is laid on the first terminal and the second terminal for conducting carriers to the outside of the battery to achieve positive and negative electrode connection; the other end of the first back electrode and the other end of the second transparent front electrode are connected by a double-sided conductive tape to achieve the series connection of the bottom battery string and the top battery string; An insulating packaging film is also provided between the front glass and the back glass to isolate the bottom battery string from the top battery string to achieve overall packaging to form a double-glass component.

2. The double-glass component of the perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The band gap of the perovskite absorber layer in the top cell is greater than the band gap of the perovskite absorber layer in the bottom cell; Preferably, the band gap of the perovskite absorber layer in the top cell is 1.55-1.8 eV; Preferably, the band gap of the perovskite absorption layer in the bottom cell is 1.1-1.5 eV; Preferably, the bottom battery and the top battery are both nip structures or pin structures.

3. The double-glass component of the perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The materials of the first transparent front electrode and the second transparent front electrode are each independently a transparent conductive oxide; Preferably, the transparent conductive oxide comprises any one of FTO, ITO, IZO, IWO, ICO, ITIO, BZO or AZO, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the thickness of the first transparent front electrode and the second transparent front electrode are each independently 10-2000 nm.

4. The double-glass component of a perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The material of the first back electrode includes a transparent conductive oxide or a conductive metal; Preferably, the material of the second back electrode is a transparent conductive oxide, and the transparent conductive oxide includes any one of FTO, ITO, IZO, IWO, ICO, ITIO, BZO or AZO, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the thickness of the first back electrode is 10-2000 nm; Preferably, the thickness of the second back electrode is 10-2000 nm.

5. The double-glass assembly of thin-film solar cells with two ends stacked according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The materials of the busbar conductive tape and the double-sided conductive tape each independently include conductive metal; Preferably, the first terminal and the second terminal have opposite polarities; Preferably, the longitudinal conduction resistance of the insulating layer is ≥1×10 5 Ω; Preferably, the material of the insulating layer includes any one of PET, PVDF, ETFE, POE, EVA, PI or EPE, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the thickness of the insulating layer is 10-2000 μm.

6. The double-glass component of a perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell double-glass assembly includes a plurality of solar cell strings, each of which includes the back panel glass, bottom battery string, insulating layer, top battery string and front panel glass stacked in sequence.

7. A method for preparing a double-glass component of a perovskite two-terminal laminated thin-film solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Preparing a bottom battery string, the specific steps include: (a1) depositing a first back electrode on the back panel glass, and then performing a first scratching on the first back electrode according to a graphic design to form a plurality of first back electrode sub-units; (b1) depositing a bottom cell on the first back electrode, and then performing a second scribing on the bottom cell according to the graphic design, wherein the second scribing is parallel to the first scribing, to form a plurality of bottom cell sub-units; (c1) depositing a first transparent front electrode on the bottom cell, and then performing a third scribing on the first transparent front electrode according to a graphic design, wherein the third scribing is parallel to the second scribing, to form a plurality of first transparent front electrode sub-units; (2) Preparing a top battery string, the specific steps include: (a2) depositing a second transparent front electrode on the front glass plate, and then performing a first scribing on the second transparent front electrode according to a graphic design to form a plurality of second transparent front electrode sub-units; (b2) depositing a top cell on the second transparent front electrode, and then performing a second scribing on the top cell according to the graphic design, wherein the second scribing is parallel to the first scribing, to form a plurality of top cell sub-units; (c2) depositing a second back electrode on the top cell, and then performing a third scribing on the second back electrode according to a graphic design, wherein the third scribing is parallel to the second scribing, to form a plurality of second back electrode sub-units; (3) removing the film layers at both ends of the bottom battery string parallel to the back glass, leaving part of the first back electrode; removing the film layers at both ends of the top battery string parallel to the front glass, leaving part of the second transparent front electrode; (4) connecting the first back electrode at one end of the bottom cell clearing area to the second transparent front electrode at the same end of the top cell clearing area through a double-sided conductive tape; Connecting the first terminal disposed on the other end of the first back electrode of the bottom battery clearing area and the second terminal disposed on the second transparent front electrode of the same end of the top battery clearing area to the busbar conductive tape respectively, so that the carrier busbar is led out of the battery; (5) Laying an insulating layer between the top battery string and the bottom battery string for assembly, so that the front glass and the back glass are located on the outermost side, and laminating them, and then connecting the busbar conductive tapes led out of the first terminal and the second terminal to the positive and negative electrodes in the junction box, and then filling the inside of the junction box with insulating packaging glue, and after curing, obtaining the perovskite two-end laminated thin-film solar cell double-glass module.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The deposition methods of the first back electrode and the second back electrode each independently include any one of vacuum evaporation method, magnetron sputtering method, screen printing method, coating method, lamination method or welding method, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the first scribing, the second scribing and the third scribing in step (1) each independently include a laser scribing method or a mechanical scribing method; Preferably, the deposition methods of the first transparent front electrode and the second transparent front electrode each independently include any one of vacuum evaporation method, magnetron sputtering method, screen printing method, coating method, lamination method or welding method, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, in step (2), the first scribing, the second scribing and the third scribing are each independently performed by laser scribing or mechanical scribing.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The cleaning method in step (3) includes laser scribing or mechanical scribing; Preferably, the temperature of the lamination treatment in step (5) is 80-200° C. and the pressure is 0.1-100 MPa; Preferably, the curing temperature in step (5) is 25-80°C.

10. Application of the double-glass component of the perovskite two-terminal stacked thin-film solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in a photovoltaic component.

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