Efficient resource utilization and conversion method based on agricultural and forestry wastes, feed and application

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient resource utilization and conversion method based on agricultural and forestry waste, feed and application, and belongs to the field of ecological cycle agriculture. The protaetia brevitarsis larva feed is prepared by utilizing crop straws and / or pruned branches of forest trees, a pleurotus pulmonarius strain-pleurotus geesteranus 18 is selected in the process, the biodegradation rate is high, efficient degradation of agricultural and forestry wastes is realized, and mushroom residues after three times of mushroom harvesting are crushed to serve as the protaetia brevitarsis larva feed, so that the yield of the protaetia brevitarsis larva feed is improved. And when the prepared feed is used for feeding the protaetia brevitarsis larvae, the death rate of the protaetia brevitarsis bodies is relatively low, the weight gain is relatively fast, and the speed of feeding the agricultural and forestry wastes is obviously accelerated. The method provided by the invention can realize efficient conversion of agricultural and forestry wastes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of ecological cycle agriculture, and specifically relates to a highly efficient resource utilization and conversion method based on agricultural and forestry wastes, feed and application. Background Art

[0002] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention, and should not necessarily be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

[0003] The white-spotted flower beetle (ProtaetiabrevitarsisLewis) belongs to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Scarabaeinae, and genus Scarabaeidae. Its larvae are saprophagous, feeding on rotten straw, weeds, and livestock and poultry manure in nature. It has a high protein content and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. It can also convert agricultural organic waste into granular insect sand rich in organic matter, making it have important application and development prospects in the fields of feed, medicine, and fertilizer, and has become an important environmental resource insect.

[0004] Agricultural and forestry wastes such as crop straw and tree pruning branches are an important biomass resource. Their resource utilization and high-value utilization are important ways to achieve the development of agricultural circular economy and promote the green development of agriculture. At present, the main utilization methods of this type of waste are energy, fertilizer, raw material and matrix, which have low added value and are prone to secondary pollution, which limits their resource utilization to a certain extent. Therefore, it is urgent to obtain ecologically efficient and high-value conversion technologies for this type of agricultural and forestry wastes to realize their ecologically high-value resource utilization. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, feed and application of efficient resource utilization and conversion based on agricultural and forestry waste. Based on crop straw and / or tree pruning branches, the Pleurotus geesteranus 18 is used to achieve efficient degradation of agricultural and forestry waste to obtain mushrooms with good growth, and the three-wave mushrooms are harvested. The remaining mushroom husks after harvesting the three-wave mushrooms are crushed to form feed for the larvae of white-spotted flower beetles. When the prepared feed is fed to the larvae of white-spotted flower beetles, the mortality rate of the insects is low, the weight gain is fast, and the efficient conversion of such agricultural and forestry waste can be achieved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for efficient resource utilization and conversion based on agricultural and forestry wastes, comprising:

[0008] (1) mixing agricultural and forestry wastes, wheat bran and lime to obtain a mixture;

[0009] (2) adding water to the mixture, mixing well, and sterilizing;

[0010] (3) Inoculating the culture medium with Pleurotus pulmonaria and waiting for fruiting;

[0011] (4) harvesting the three-wave mushrooms, and crushing the remaining mushroom husks after harvesting the three-wave mushrooms to be used as feed for the larvae of white-spotted scarab beetles;

[0012] (5) Feeding white-spotted flower beetle larvae with the white-spotted flower beetle larvae feed based on agricultural and forestry wastes, and after the feeding, screening and separating to obtain the white-spotted flower beetle larvae bodies and worm sand.

[0013] The Pleurotus pulmonarius strain, also known as Pleurotus geesteranus, coral mushroom, pearl mushroom, etc., belongs to the kingdom Fungi, phylum Fungi, class Basidiomycetes, order Agaricales, family Pleurotus, genus Pleurotus, and is a saprophytic edible fungus. Pleurotus pulmonarius has strong adaptability and stress resistance, can produce a variety of lignocellulose degrading enzymes during its growth, and can convert a variety of agricultural and forestry wastes into mushroom products and bran byproducts with both nutritional and health benefits.

[0014] The Pleurotus geesteranus strain used was Pleurotus geesteranus 18, which was obtained from the Scientific Edible Fungi Research Institute of Gaoyou City, Jiangsu Province through purchasing channels. The strain characteristics of Pleurotus geesteranus 18: the fruiting temperature is 6-28℃, the fruiting period is from September to early December and from March to mid-May, the stalk is long and white, the cap is dark gray to gray, nearly round, the flesh is thick, clustered, the fruiting is uniform, and the tide turns quickly; it is characterized by strong disease resistance, the mushroom body does not die, and the mushrooms are produced continuously for 7-8 tides, with a high total yield.

[0015] In one or more embodiments, in step (1), the agricultural and forestry waste includes crop straw and tree pruning branches.

[0016] In one or more embodiments, the weight ratio of agricultural and forestry waste, wheat bran and lime is (35-55):(4-10):1.

[0017] In one or more embodiments, the crop straw includes but is not limited to wheat straw and corn straw, and the forest tree pruning branches include but are not limited to poplar pruning branches and willow pruning branches.

[0018] In one or more embodiments, in step (2), water is added and mixed to adjust the water content to 60-65%.

[0019] In one or more embodiments, in step (3), the culturing is specifically as follows: after inoculation, the culture is placed in a 25±1°C culture room, the relative humidity of the air is 70% to 75%, and after the mycelium fills the bag / bottle, low temperature stimulation of 10-18°C is performed for 24-48h; and the fruiting is as follows: the temperature of the fruiting room is 22-28°C, and the relative humidity of the air is 89% to 92%.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (3), the fruiting bodies are harvested when their caps grow to 2-3 cm.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (4), the harvested Pleurotus eryngii is used as an edible fungus product.

[0022] In one or more embodiments, in step (5), the thickness of the feed is 8cm-10cm, and 1kg-5kg of second-instar and / or third-instar flower beetle larvae are placed per square meter of the feed layer. The feeding temperature is 27°C-30°C, and the relative humidity of the air is 50%-60%.

[0023] In one or more embodiments, in step (5), the insect sand is used to prepare organic fertilizer or cultivation medium, and the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle are used as feed or feed additive.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a feed for larvae of white-spotted scarab beetles based on agricultural and forestry wastes, comprising:

[0025] (1) mixing agricultural and forestry wastes, wheat bran and lime to obtain a mixture;

[0026] (2) adding water to the mixture, mixing well, and sterilizing;

[0027] (3) inoculating the Pleurotus pulmonaria strain - Pleurotus geesteranus 18 for cultivation and waiting for fruiting;

[0028] (4) Harvesting the three-chao mushrooms and crushing the remaining mushroom residue after harvesting the three-chao mushrooms to obtain the feed for the larvae of the white-spotted scarab beetle based on agricultural and forestry waste.

[0029] Furthermore, the nutrients of the feed for white-spotted scarab beetle larvae based on agricultural and forestry wastes include, by weight g / 100g, crude fiber 20-30, sugar 25-35, ash 15-25, fat 2.5-5, and protein 5-10.

[0030] Further preferably, the nutrients of the feed for white-spotted scarab beetle larvae based on agricultural and forestry wastes include, by weight g / 100g, crude fiber 25-30, sugar 30-35, ash 15-20, fat 3-4, and protein 5-7.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned feed for white-spotted flower beetle larvae based on agricultural and forestry wastes to increase insect weight gain, increase insect feeding speed, and increase insect conversion rate when feeding white-spotted flower beetle larvae.

[0032] One or some of the above technical solutions have the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention provides a method for efficient resource utilization and transformation based on agricultural and forestry wastes, which utilizes the Pleurotus pulmonarius species-Pleurotus geesteranus 18 to achieve efficient degradation of agricultural and forestry wastes to obtain mushrooms with good growth, and harvests the three-wave mushrooms. The remaining fungus husks after harvesting the three-wave mushrooms are crushed to obtain feed for white-star flower beetle larvae. When the prepared feed is fed to the white-star flower beetle larvae, the insect body mortality rate is low, the weight gain is fast, and the efficient transformation of such agricultural and forestry wastes can be achieved; and the white-star flower beetle larvae feed is used to feed the white-star flower beetle larvae. After the feeding is completed, the white-star flower beetle larvae are screened and separated to obtain the white-star flower beetle larvae and insect sand. The present invention converts agricultural and forestry wastes into edible fungus products, white-star flower beetle larvae and insect sand. The edible fungus products are delicious, nutritious and healthy, and are high-quality foods; the larvae are high-quality proteins and can be used to prepare feed; and the insect sand can be used as organic fertilizer or cultivation substrate. Therefore, the present invention can transform agricultural and forestry wastes that are difficult to degrade and treat into high value-added products, solve environmental pollution, and realize the ecological high-value resource utilization of such resources, with good economic and social ecological benefits.

[0034] 2. The present invention uses the Pleurotus pulmonarius species - Pleurotus geesteranus 18 in the transformation method. Pleurotus pulmonarius has strong adaptability and stress resistance, can produce a variety of lignocellulose degrading enzymes during its growth, and can transform a variety of agricultural and forestry wastes into mushroom products and mushroom bran by-products with both nutritional and health-care effects; and importantly, the use of the Pleurotus pulmonarius species - Pleurotus geesteranus 18, in different cultivation substrates, its mycelium growth rate and mycelium concentration are better, the mycelium growth is good, which not only achieves more efficient degradation of agricultural and forestry wastes, but also can obtain mushrooms with better growth, thereby achieving efficient transformation of agricultural and forestry wastes.

[0035] 3. The present invention crushes the mushroom husks after harvesting Sanchao mushrooms and uses them as feed for the larvae of white-spotted flower beetles, which not only significantly improves the weight gain of the insects, but also significantly accelerates the speed of feeding on agricultural and forestry wastes, reduces the mortality rate of the insects, and further realizes the efficient conversion of agricultural and forestry wastes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The wheat straw, wheat bran and lime crushed to about 1 cm are mixed in a weight ratio of 44:5:1 to obtain a mixture; water is added to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%, and the mixture is packed in bags (bottles) after being mixed well. After the packing is completed, the mixture is put into an autoclave for high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization at 121° C. for 120 min, and the Pleurotus geesteranus 18, a high-efficiency degrading agricultural and forestry waste obtained by the previous screening, is inoculated after the material temperature is cooled to about 26° C.; after inoculation, the mixture is placed in a culture room at 25±1° C. for culture, and the relative humidity of the air is 70%. After the mycelium fills the bag (bottle), it is low-temperature stimulated at 15° C. for 48 hours, and then moved into a cultivation room for fruiting, and the temperature of the cultivation room is 25° C. and the relative humidity of the air is 90%; the fruiting body cap is harvested when it grows to about 2.5 cm, and the remaining fungus bran after harvesting the three-chao mushroom is crushed to be the feed for the larvae of the white-star flower beetle.

[0039] The above-obtained feed is used to feed the white-star flower beetle larvae; the feed is laid to a thickness of 10 cm, and 5 kg of second-instar or third-instar white-star flower beetle larvae are placed per square meter of the feed layer. The feeding temperature is 30° C. and the relative humidity of the air is 50%. After the feeding is completed, the white-star flower beetle larvae and insect sand are obtained by screening and separation.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The corn stalks, wheat bran and lime crushed to about 1 cm are mixed in a weight ratio of 44:5:1 to obtain a mixture; water is added to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%, and the mixture is packed in bags (bottles) after being mixed well. After packing, the mixture is put into an autoclave for high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization at 121° C. for 120 min, and the Pleurotus geesteranus 18, a high-efficiency degrading agricultural and forestry waste obtained by early screening, is inoculated after the material temperature is cooled to about 26° C.; after inoculation, the mixture is placed in a culture room at 25±1° C. for culture, and the relative humidity of the air is 70%. After the mycelium fills the bag (bottle), the mixture is subjected to low-temperature stimulation at 15° C. for 48 hours, and then moved into a cultivation room for fruiting, and the temperature of the cultivation room is 25° C. and the relative humidity of the air is 90%; the mixture is harvested when the cap of the fruiting body grows to about 2.5 cm, and the remaining bran after harvesting the three-chao mushroom is crushed to be the feed for the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle.

[0042] The above-obtained feed is used to feed the white-star flower beetle larvae; the feed is laid to a thickness of 10 cm, and 5 kg of second-instar or third-instar white-star flower beetle larvae are placed per square meter of the feed layer. The feeding temperature is 30° C. and the relative humidity of the air is 50%. After the feeding is completed, the white-star flower beetle larvae and insect sand are obtained by screening and separation.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Poplar branches crushed to about 1 cm, wheat bran and lime are mixed in a weight ratio of 44:5:1 to obtain a mixture; water is added to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%, and the mixture is packed in bags (bottles) after being mixed well; after packing, the mixture is put into an autoclave for high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization at 121° C. for 120 min, and the material temperature is cooled to about 26° C., and then the Pleurotus geesteranus 18, a high-efficiency degrading agricultural and forestry waste obtained by early screening, is inoculated; after inoculation, the mixture is placed in a culture room at 25±1° C. for culture, and the relative humidity of the air is 70%. After the mycelium fills the bag (bottle), the mixture is subjected to low-temperature stimulation at 15° C. for 48 hours, and then moved into a cultivation room for fruiting, and the temperature of the cultivation room is 25° C. and the relative humidity of the air is 90%; the mixture is harvested when the cap of the fruiting body grows to about 2.5 cm, and the remaining fungus bran after harvesting the Sanchao mushroom is crushed to be the feed for the larvae of the white-star flower beetle.

[0045] The obtained feed is used to feed the white-star flower beetle larvae; the feed is laid to a thickness of 10 cm, and 5 kg of second-instar or third-instar white-star flower beetle larvae are placed per square meter of the feed layer; the feeding temperature is 27° C.-30° C., and the relative air humidity is 50%-60%. After the feeding is completed, the white-star flower beetle larvae and insect sand are obtained by screening and separation.

[0046] Comparative Example 1

[0047] The Pleurotus geesteranus 18 used in different agricultural and forestry wastes in Examples 1, 2, and 3 was replaced by plp3, plg20, Xiahui 2, plg12, x57, plg23, Heinong 650, Tianda 300, Huimei 3, CCEF89, 99, Zhongshu 10, 3815, plg35, plg27, plp4+1, and Xiuzhen 188. The specific sources are shown in Table 1 below.

[0048] Table 1 Test strains

[0049]

[0050] Comparative Example 2

[0051] When the different agricultural and forestry wastes in Examples 1, 2 and 3 are processed, the tides of harvesting mushrooms are harvesting tide one and tide two respectively.

[0052] Table 2

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] Note: "+" indicates that the more the growth degree, the better the growth; different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences, p<0.05

[0056] Table 2 is the mycelial growth of each strain in a test tube under different cultivation substrates. The comparison of each strain under the different cultivation substrates of Table 2 above shows that when using Pleurotus pulmonarius strain-Pleurotus geesteranus 18, under different cultivation substrates (wheat straw, poplar branches and corn straw), its mycelial growth rate and mycelial density are all better. Therefore, under different cultivation substrates, Pleurotus pulmonarius strain-Pleurotus geesteranus 18 is selected as the degradation strain, and the growth of its mycelium is better, then the efficient degradation of agricultural waste can be better achieved.

[0057] The edible fungi (Pleurotus pulmonaria species - Pleurotus geesteranus 18) were harvested at multiple tides, but the lignocellulose content and nutrients such as protein and sugar in the residual fungus bran after different tides were significantly different, which resulted in different palatability and feeding effects on the larvae of Pleurotus ostreatus.

[0058] Table 3

[0059]

[0060] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences, p<0.05;

[0061] Biological efficiency (BE) value = (fresh weight of fruiting bodies harvested from each bag of fungus bag / dry weight of culture medium from each bag of fungus bag) × 100

[0062] Table 3 shows the biological efficiency of Pleurotus pulmonariae - Pleurotus geesteranus 18 strain cultivated with three types of agricultural and forestry waste substrates. As shown in Table 3, compared with the first and second tides, the biological efficiency of agricultural and forestry waste substrate cultivation was the highest at the third tide. Therefore, the present invention selects the third tide to harvest.

[0063] Table 4

[0064]

[0065] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences, p<0.05;

[0066] Table 4 shows the determination of nutrient substances in the fruiting bodies of Pleurotus pulmonariae - Pleurotus geesteranus 18 strain in different matrices. As shown in Table 4, in different agricultural and forestry waste matrices, the fruiting bodies are very rich in nutrients and can be used as high-quality food as edible fungi.

[0067] Table 5

[0068]

[0069] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences, p<0.05; YUAN, substrate before inoculation; SMS-0, substrate full of bags; SMS-1, substrate for harvesting the first wave of mushrooms; SMS-2, substrate for harvesting the second wave of mushrooms; SMS-3, substrate for harvesting the third wave of mushrooms.

[0070] Table 6

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences, p<0.05YUAN, substrate before inoculation; SMS-0, substrate full of bags; SMS-1, substrate for harvesting the first wave of mushrooms; SMS-2, substrate for harvesting the second wave of mushrooms; SMS-3, substrate for harvesting the third wave of mushrooms.

[0074] Table 7

[0075]

[0076] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences, p<0.05; YUAN, substrate before inoculation; SMS-0, substrate full of bags; SMS-1, substrate for harvesting the first wave of mushrooms; SMS-2, substrate for harvesting the second wave of mushrooms; SMS-3, substrate for harvesting the third wave of mushrooms.

[0077] Table 5 shows the degradation of wheat straw by Pleurotus pulmonarius strain-Pleurotus geesteranus strain 18; Table 6 shows the degradation of corn straw by Pleurotus pulmonarius strain-Pleurotus geesteranus strain 18; Table 7 shows the degradation of poplar branches by Pleurotus pulmonarius strain-Pleurotus geesteranus strain 18. As shown in Tables 5-7, when using Pleurotus pulmonarius strain-Pleurotus geesteranus strain 18, in different cultivation substrates, compared with the first- and second-wave mushrooms harvested in Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the degradation degree of agricultural and forestry waste substrates (including cellulose degradation rate, hemicellulose degradation rate and lignin degradation rate) of the present invention after the third-wave mushrooms are harvested is the highest. When the fourth-wave mushrooms are further harvested, the degradation degree of the agricultural and forestry waste substrates is not greatly improved.

[0078] Table 8

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences, p<0.05; YUAN, substrate before inoculation; SMS-0, substrate full of bags; SMS-1, substrate for harvesting the first wave of mushrooms; SMS-2, substrate for harvesting the second wave of mushrooms; SMS-3, substrate for harvesting the third wave of mushrooms.

[0082] Calculation formula:

[0083] Average substrate intake (g) = (substrate dry weight before feeding - substrate dry weight after feeding) / number of test insects

[0084] Average insect weight gain (g) = (worm weight after feeding - worm weight before feeding) / number of insects tested

[0085] Average insect sand production (g) = dry weight of insect sand produced / number of insects tested

[0086] Substrate conversion rate (%) = (additional substrate dry weight - remaining substrate dry weight) / addition substrate dry weight × 100

[0087] Worm conversion rate (%) = average worm weight gain / (average substrate feeding amount - average worm sand production) × 100 Worm sand conversion rate (%) = average worm sand production / (average substrate feeding amount - average worm weight gain) × 100

[0088] Table 9

[0089]

[0090] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences, p<0.05; based on 1 kg of waste matrix.

[0091] Table 8 shows the feeding conditions of the cultivation substrates for the larvae of white-star flower beetles at different periods; Table 9 shows the transformation of agricultural and forestry wastes by the pulmonate fungus strain Pleurotus geesteranus 18 and the larvae of white-star flower beetles. It can be seen from Tables 8 and 9 that among the different tides, the feeding amount, insect weight gain, substrate conversion rate, insect body conversion rate and insect sand conversion rate were the highest at the third tide, which shows that crushing the mushroom husks after harvesting the third tide mushrooms as feed for the larvae of white-star flower beetles not only significantly improves the weight gain of the insect body, but also significantly speeds up the speed of feeding on agricultural and forestry wastes, achieving efficient transformation of agricultural and forestry wastes. And among the different agricultural and forestry waste substrates, the poplar branch substrate is better.

[0092] Specifically, the effect of feeding the mushroom bran after harvesting the third wave of mushrooms in the poplar branch matrix: the conversion efficiency of the poplar branch was increased by 61.46%, 50% and 12.5% ​​respectively compared with the mushroom bran before mushroom production, the mushroom bran after harvesting the first wave of mushrooms and the mushroom bran after harvesting the second wave of mushrooms; the insect body weight gain was increased by 90.48%, 76.19% and 19.05% respectively. The conversion rate of the poplar branch after cultivating Pleurotus pulmonarius (harvesting the third wave of mushrooms) and feeding the white star flower beetle larvae with the generated mushroom bran reached 92.83%.

[0093] The effect of feeding the bran of the three-wave mushroom harvested in the wheat straw matrix: the conversion efficiency of wheat straw was 40.45%, 30.71% and 8.99% higher than that of the bran of the unfruited, one-wave mushroom harvested and two-wave mushroom harvested respectively; the insect body weight increased by 75.00%, 45.00% and 15.00% respectively. The conversion rate of wheat straw after cultivating Pleurotus pulmonarius (three-wave mushroom harvested) and feeding the bran produced by feeding the white-spotted flower beetle larvae reached 91.34%.

[0094] The effect of feeding the husks of the three-wave mushroom harvested in the corn stalk matrix: the conversion efficiency of corn stalks was 48.18%, 22.26% and 17.88% higher than that of the husks of the unfruited mushrooms, the one-wave mushrooms and the two-wave mushrooms respectively; the insect weight gain was increased by 56.52%, 39.13% and 17.39% respectively. The conversion rate of corn stalks after cultivating Pleurotus pulmonarius (harvesting the three-wave mushrooms) and feeding the husks produced by the white-spotted flower beetle larvae reached 93.78%.

[0095] Table 10

[0096]

[0097] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences, p<0.05

[0098] Table 10 shows the nutrient content of the substrate after harvesting Sanchao mushrooms, that is, the nutrient content of the feed for the larvae of white-star flower beetles. As shown in Table 10, the nutrient content of the substrate after harvesting Sanchao mushrooms is very rich, and it is very beneficial to the growth of the insect body when used as feed to feed the larvae of white-star flower beetles.

[0099] Table 11

[0100]

[0101] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences, p<0.05;

[0102] Table 11 shows the nutrient content of the insect sand of the white-spotted flower beetle larvae fed on different foods. As shown in Table 11, the insect sand is rich in nutrients and can be used as an organic fertilizer or a cultivation medium.

[0103] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient resource utilization and conversion method based on agricultural and forestry wastes, characterized in that: include: (1) mixing agricultural and forestry wastes, wheat bran and lime to obtain a mixture; (2) adding water to the mixture, mixing well, and sterilizing; (3) Inoculating the culture medium with Pleurotus pulmonaria and waiting for fruiting; (4) harvesting the three-chao mushrooms, and crushing the remaining mushroom husks after harvesting the three-chao mushrooms to be the feed for the larvae of the white-spotted scarab beetle based on agricultural and forestry waste; (5) feeding the white-starred flower beetle larvae with the white-starred flower beetle larvae feed based on agricultural and forestry wastes, and after the feeding, screening and separating to obtain the white-starred flower beetle larvae and insect sand; The Pleurotus pulmonaria strain is Pleurotus geesteranus 18.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the agricultural and forestry waste includes crop straw and tree pruning branches; Preferably, the weight ratio of agricultural and forestry waste, wheat bran and lime is (35-55):(4-10):1; Preferably, the crop straws include wheat straws and corn straws, and the forest tree pruning branches include poplar pruning branches and willow pruning branches.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), water is added and mixed to adjust the water content to 60-65%.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the culturing is specifically as follows: after inoculation, the culture is placed in a culture room at 25±1°C, the relative humidity of the air is 70% to 75%, and after the mycelium fills the bag / bottle, low temperature stimulation is performed at 10-18°C for 24-48h; the fruiting is as follows: the temperature of the fruiting room is 22-28°C, and the relative humidity of the air is 89% to 92%; Preferably, in step (3), the fruiting bodies are harvested when their caps grow to 2-3 cm.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the harvested Pleurotus eryngii is used as an edible fungus product.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), the thickness of the feed is 8cm-10cm, and 1kg-5kg of second-instar and / or third-instar flower beetle larvae are placed per square meter of the feed layer. The feeding temperature is 27°C-30°C, and the relative humidity of the air is 50%-60%.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), the insect sand is used to prepare organic fertilizer or cultivation substrate, and the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle are used as feed or feed additive.

8. A feed for white-spotted scarab beetle larvae based on agricultural and forestry wastes, characterized in that: The preparation method of the feed comprises: (1) mixing agricultural and forestry wastes, wheat bran and lime to obtain a mixture; (2) adding water to the mixture, mixing well, and sterilizing; (3) Inoculating the culture medium with Pleurotus pulmonaria and waiting for fruiting; (4) harvesting the three-chao mushrooms, and crushing the remaining mushroom husks after harvesting the three-chao mushrooms to be the feed for the larvae of the white-spotted scarab beetle based on agricultural and forestry waste; The Pleurotus geesteranus strain is Pleurotus geesteranus 18.

9. The feed for larvae of white-spotted scarab beetles based on agricultural and forestry wastes according to claim 8, characterized in that: The nutrients include, by weight g / 100g, crude fiber 20-30, sugar 25-35, ash 15-25, fat 2.5-5, protein 5-10.

10. Use of the feed for larvae of white-spotted flower beetles based on agricultural and forestry wastes according to claim 8 or 9 in increasing the weight gain of the larvae, increasing the feeding speed of the larvae, and increasing the conversion rate of the larvae when feeding the larvae of white-spotted flower beetles.

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