Pulse anaerobic microorganism multi-phase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity combined supply system and use method

Abstract

The invention provides a pulsating anaerobic microorganism multi-phase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity combined supply system and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The system comprises a constant-temperature liquid storage tank, an anode chamber, a hydrogen production reaction chamber and other key components, and smooth flowing of liquid and gas is achieved through pipeline connection. In order to improve the reaction efficiency, key components such as a distributor, a particle confinement network and a bubble generator are arranged in the system. According to the system, microorganisms such as escherichia coli and shewanella are inoculated to form an efficient biological membrane, and a nano Fe3O4 microbial membrane is added. The system combines pulsation and stable liquid flow, efficiency is improved, and energy consumption is reduced. And the electric energy of the microbial fuel cell is introduced into the hydrogen production reaction chamber and the super capacitor, so that the electric energy is utilized and recycled. And meanwhile, the monitoring computer and the water quality detector are used for monitoring the generated voltage and water quality in real time. Chemical energy in sewage can be fully utilized, the energy conversion efficiency is improved, application with higher requirements is met, and meanwhile the reaction energy consumption is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular to a pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Although traditional sewage treatment processes can effectively remove pollutants from sewage, there are several significant problems.

[0003] First, traditional processes usually fail to effectively recover the chemical energy of organic matter in sewage, resulting in a waste of resources. In particular, when the sewage quality changes greatly, the treatment efficiency is often affected, and the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater is particularly difficult. This not only limits the efficiency of the sewage treatment process, but also increases the treatment cost.

[0004] Secondly, existing sewage treatment processes mostly rely on physical and chemical methods, which have high energy consumption and often require the use of chemical agents during the treatment process, further increasing treatment costs and potentially bringing the risk of secondary pollution.

[0005] In order to overcome these problems, microbial fuel cell technology has gradually attracted attention in recent years. Microbial fuel cells are a technology that combines the metabolic activities of microorganisms with electrochemical reactions, and can directly convert chemical energy in organic matter into electrical energy. This technology can use organic waste such as sewage and wastewater as fuel to generate electricity, achieve energy recovery and reduce energy consumption, and has strong sustainability. However, the energy conversion efficiency and treatment effect of a single microbial fuel cell technology are still limited when treating complex sewage.

[0006] At the same time, microbial fermentation hydrogen production technology has also attracted much attention. This technology can decompose organic matter (such as glucose and starch) in sewage through anaerobic fermentation of microorganisms to produce hydrogen, and has the potential to become a clean energy production method. However, the traditional microbial fermentation hydrogen production process still faces many challenges in terms of treatment efficiency, energy conversion efficiency and product separation. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system and a method of use, which organically combines microbial anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production with microbial fuel cell technology to achieve complementary advantages, and make full use of the chemical energy in sewage in a step-by-step manner, so that the low-grade energy conversion efficiency of the system is further improved compared with a single technical form. A large amount of by-products such as acetic acid and butyric acid are produced during the fermentation hydrogen production process, and these by-products can be used in microbial fuel cells. At the same time, a special structure biofilm fluidized bed with process integrated enhancement is used to replace the traditional suspended microbial reactor to further improve the mass transfer and reaction efficiency of the system.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system, comprising a constant temperature liquid storage tank, the constant temperature liquid storage tank is connected to the bottom of the anode chamber through a first connecting pipe, a first upper liquid chamber is arranged on the top of the anode chamber, a first liquid port is arranged on one side of the first upper liquid chamber, the first liquid port is connected to the second upper liquid chamber on the top of the hydrogen production reaction chamber through a second connecting pipe, an upper distributor is arranged in the second upper liquid chamber, a third connecting pipe is connected to the bottom of the hydrogen production reaction chamber, a three-way joint is arranged on the other end of the third connecting pipe, the other two ends of the three-way joint are respectively connected to a guide pipe and a pulsating liquid flow mother pipe, the other end of the guide pipe is connected to a liquid storage tank, the other end of the pulsating liquid flow mother pipe is connected to the side bottom of the anode chamber, the hydrogen production reaction chamber is also connected to the bottom of the anode chamber through a steady liquid flow mother pipe, one side of the anode chamber is also connected to a supercapacitor through a wire, the supercapacitor is connected to a monitoring computer, and the wire is also connected to the first electrode and the second electrode in the hydrogen production reaction chamber; The upper side of the first upper liquid chamber is connected to an air bag through a second vent, a second air valve is provided between the second vent and the air bag, and the air bag is respectively connected to a gas chromatograph, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purifier and a methanol synthesis catalytic reactor; The top of the hydrogen production reaction chamber is also provided with a vent, which is connected to the bubble generator in the anode chamber through a gas connecting pipe; A particle confinement network is arranged in the hydrogen production reaction chamber, and the top diameter of the hydrogen production reaction chamber is larger than the bottom diameter.

[0009] Preferably, the first connecting pipe is provided with a first peristaltic pump, a first electric valve, a first flow meter and a third flow meter in sequence in the direction from the constant temperature liquid storage tank to the anode chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the second connecting pipe is provided with a second electric valve and a second flow meter in sequence along the direction from the anode chamber to the hydrogen production reaction chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the gas connecting pipe is provided with a first gas valve and a gas flow meter in sequence along the direction from the hydrogen production reaction chamber to the anode chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the steady liquid flow mother pipe is provided with a third electric valve, a third peristaltic pump, and a third flow meter in sequence along the direction from the hydrogen production reaction chamber to the anode chamber; The pulsating liquid flow main pipe is sequentially provided with a pulsating water return solenoid valve, a second peristaltic pump, and a fourth flow meter in the direction from the hydrogen production reaction chamber to the anode chamber. The pulsating water return solenoid valve is also connected to the signal generator.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of anodes and air cathodes are arranged in the anode chamber, a second liquid port is arranged on one side of the anode chamber, a water quality detector is connected to the other end of the second liquid port, and a gauze and a pulsating liquid flow nozzle are arranged in sequence inside the anode chamber at the lower side of the bubble generator.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for using the pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system as described above, comprising the following steps: Step S1, preparing a microbial membrane; Step S11, inoculating and culturing Escherichia coli, Clostridium, and Desulfovibrio at 37° C., and adding the prepared modified polypropylene particles to the three bacterial solutions after the bacterial growth is stable, to start the formation of biofilm, so that the microorganisms adhere to the surface of the modified polypropylene particles and grow, and obtain a hydrogen-producing microbial film after 48 hours of cultivation; Step S12, inoculating and culturing Shewanella and Geobacillus sulfurreducens at 37° C., and after the bacterial growth is stable, adding coconut shell activated carbon particles with a diameter of 1 mm to start the formation of biofilm to obtain an electricity-generating biofilm; Step S13, grinding and screening the magnetite, using ultrasonic precipitation method to prepare nano Fe3O4, then mixing the sludge obtained from the sewage plant with the nano Fe3O4, using wastewater and garbage leachate as nutrients for gradient domestication, and obtaining a microbial film containing nano Fe3O4; Step S2, start the first peristaltic pump, open the first electric valve and the second electric valve, inject the sewage in the constant temperature liquid storage tank into the anode chamber and the hydrogen production reaction chamber until the sewage occupies 95% of the volume of the anode chamber and 100% of the volume of the hydrogen production reaction chamber, and close the first electric valve; Adding electricity-producing biofilm particles and microbial membrane particles containing nano-Fe3O4 into the anode chamber, and adding hydrogen-producing microbial membrane particles into the particle confinement network in the hydrogen-producing reaction chamber; Start the second peristaltic pump and the third peristaltic pump, open the third electric valve, the pulsating return water solenoid valve, and the signal generator, so that the sewage in the hydrogen production reaction chamber and the by-products in the fermentation process enter the anode chamber through the steady liquid flow mother pipe and the pulsating liquid flow mother pipe, wherein the steady liquid flow enters through the lower distributor of the pulsating liquid flow nozzle, and the pulsating liquid flow is ejected through the pulsating liquid flow outlet, and the pulsating liquid flow generates disturbances to the flow field in the anode chamber after being ejected; Step S3, after the reaction starts, the first gas valve is opened to allow the hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated in the hydrogen production reaction chamber to be introduced into the anode chamber through the gas connecting pipe, and bubbles are generated by the bubble generator at the bottom of the anode chamber to further disturb the flow field; The second gas valve is opened to allow the mixed gas generated by the reaction to enter the gas bag for collection, and is first tested by a gas chromatograph. After the test, 50% of the gas is classified and purified in a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purifier, and the other 50% is synthesized into methanol in a methanol synthesis catalytic reactor; Step S4: During the sewage treatment process, 50% of the electrical energy generated in the anode chamber is introduced into the hydrogen production reaction chamber to promote bacterial metabolism by applying voltage, accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and the production of hydrogen, and the other 50% is stored in the supercapacitor; Use a monitoring computer to record voltage data every 30 minutes, and use a water quality detector to test water quality every 24 hours; When the voltage drops to 100mV and the COD content in the sewage is less than 100mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 25mg / L and the phosphorus content is less than 3mg / L, the fourth electric valve is opened to discharge the treated sewage into the liquid storage tank. After the sewage in the anode chamber and the hydrogen production reaction chamber is completely discharged, the fourth electric valve is closed; New sewage continues to be added from the constant temperature liquid storage tank to the hydrogen production reaction chamber and the anode chamber to complete a cycle of sewage replacement.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified polypropylene particles is: first, the polypropylene particles are polished with sandpaper to increase the roughness of the surface, the polished particles are soaked in a 10 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution for half an hour, the taken out particles are rinsed in deionized water for 5 times, and dried in a drying oven at 60° C. for 3 hours to obtain modified polypropylene particles.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system and use method, which has beneficial technical effects: organically combining microbial anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production with microbial fuel cell technology to achieve complementary advantages, and to fully utilize the chemical energy in sewage in a cascade manner, so that the low-grade energy conversion efficiency of the system is further improved compared with a single technical form. Since the theoretical energy conversion rate of microbial anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production is higher than the coulomb efficiency of microbial fuel cells that can be mass-produced at this stage, this system, through strain screening, supplies all the sugars in the original sewage that are relatively high in content and can be consumed by both the hydrogen production and electricity production links to the microbial anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production link, and uses amino acids, organic acids and other substances that cannot be metabolized by hydrogen-producing bacteria as substrates for microbial fuel cells, thereby realizing the cascade and efficient conversion of low-grade chemical energy to high-grade energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the particle confined network; Figure 2(a) is a top view; Figure 2 (b) is the side view - horizontal; Figure 2 (c) is the side view - vertical; Figure 2 (d) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pulsating liquid flow nozzle; Figure 3 (a) is a top view of a three-dimensional diagram; Figure 3 (b) is a bottom-up stereoscopic diagram; Figure 4 is the anode arrangement mode; wherein, Figure 4 (a) in the figure is in order; Figure 4 (b) in the figure is staggered; Figure 4 (c) in the figure is a spiral; Figure 5 is the pulsation curve of the signal generator; Figure 5 (a) is a sinusoidal pulsation curve; Figure 5 (b) is a linear pulsation curve; Figure 5 (c) in the figure is a step pulsation curve.

[0018] Reference numerals 1. Constant temperature liquid storage tank; 2. Anode chamber; 3. Hydrogen production reaction chamber; 4. First peristaltic pump; 5. First electric valve; 6. First flowmeter; 7. Gauze; 8. First connecting pipe; 9. First upper liquid chamber; 10. Methanol synthesis catalytic reactor; 11. First liquid port; 12. Second connecting pipe; 13. Second electric valve; 14. Second flowmeter; 15. First gas valve; 16. Air port; 17. Second upper liquid chamber; 18. Upper distributor; 19. First electrode; 20. Particle confinement network; 21. Second electrode; 22. Third connecting pipe; 23. Third electric valve; 24. Pulsating return water solenoid valve; 25. Second peristaltic pump; 26. Third peristaltic pump; 27 , pulsating liquid flow mother pipe; 28, smooth liquid flow mother pipe; 29, pulsating liquid flow nozzle; 29-1, pulsating liquid flow outlet; 29-2, lower distributor; 30, the third flow meter; 31, the fourth flow meter; 32, the bubble generator; 33, the anode; 34, the air cathode; 35, the gas connecting pipe; 36, the gas flow meter; 37, the second vent; 38, the second gas valve; 39, the air bag; 40, the gas chromatograph; 41, the fourth electric valve; 42, the liquid storage tank; 43, the wire; 44, the second liquid port; 45, the water quality detector; 46, the supercapacitor; 47, the monitoring computer; 48, the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purifier; 50, the signal generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the common meanings understood by one having ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0021] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1-4 As shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system of the present invention, comprising a constant temperature liquid storage tank 1, the constant temperature liquid storage tank 1 is connected to the bottom of the anode chamber 2 through a first connecting pipe 8, a first upper liquid chamber 9 is arranged on the top of the anode chamber 2, a first liquid through port 11 is arranged on one side of the first upper liquid chamber 9, the first liquid through port 11 is connected to the second upper liquid chamber 17 on the top of the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 through a second connecting pipe 12, an upper distributor 18 is arranged in the second upper liquid chamber 17, the bottom of the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 is connected to a third connecting pipe 22, and the third A three-way joint is provided at the other end of the connecting pipe 22, and the other two ends of the three-way joint are respectively connected to the guide pipe and the pulsating liquid flow mother pipe 27, the other end of the guide pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank 42, and the other end of the pulsating liquid flow mother pipe 27 is connected to the bottom of the side of the anode chamber 2. The hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 is also connected to the bottom of the anode chamber 2 through the smooth liquid flow mother pipe 28. One side of the anode chamber 2 is also connected to a supercapacitor 46 through a wire 43. The supercapacitor 46 is connected to a monitoring computer 47, and the wire 43 is also connected to the first electrode 19 and the second electrode 21 in the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3.

[0022] The upper side of the first upper liquid chamber 9 is connected to the air bag 39 via the second air vent 37, a second air valve 38 is provided between the second air vent 37 and the air bag 39, and the air bag 39 is respectively connected to a gas chromatograph 40, a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purifier 48 and a methanol synthesis catalytic reactor 10.

[0023] A vent 16 is also provided on the top of the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 , and the vent 16 is connected to the bubble generator 32 in the anode chamber 2 through a gas connecting pipe 35 .

[0024] A particle confinement network 20 is provided in the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 , and the top diameter of the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 is larger than the bottom diameter.

[0025] The first connecting pipe 8 is provided with a first peristaltic pump 4, a first electric valve 5, a first flowmeter 6 and a third flowmeter 30 in sequence in the direction from the constant temperature liquid storage tank 1 to the anode chamber 2.

[0026] The second connecting pipe 12 is provided with a second electric valve 13 and a second flow meter 14 in sequence along the direction from the anode chamber 2 to the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 .

[0027] The gas connecting pipe 35 is provided with a first gas valve 15 and a gas flow meter 36 in sequence along the direction from the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 to the anode chamber 2 .

[0028] The steady liquid flow main pipe 28 is provided with a third electric valve 23 , a third peristaltic pump 26 , and a third flow meter 30 in sequence along the direction from the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 to the anode chamber 2 .

[0029] The pulsating liquid flow main pipe 27 is sequentially provided with a pulsating water return solenoid valve 24 , a second peristaltic pump 25 , and a fourth flow meter 31 in the direction from the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 to the anode chamber 2 . The pulsating water return solenoid valve 24 is also connected to the signal generator 50 .

[0030] The signal generator 50 is configured as follows: Figure 5 The three pulsation curves shown respectively output electrical signals to control the opening of the pulsating return water solenoid valve 24, thereby generating three forms of pulsating liquid flows.

[0031] A plurality of anodes 33 and an air cathode 34 are arranged in the anode chamber 2. A second liquid port 44 is also arranged on one side of the anode chamber 2. The other end of the second liquid port 44 is connected to a water quality detector 45. A gauze screen 7 and a pulsating liquid flow nozzle 29 are arranged in sequence inside the anode chamber 2 at the lower side of the bubble generator 32.

[0032] Embodiment 2 A method for using a pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system comprises the following steps: Step S1, preparing a microbial membrane.

[0033] Step S11, inoculate and culture Escherichia coli ( Escherichia coli )、Clostridium( Clostridium butyricum )、Desulfovibrio sulphuri Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ) and cultured at 37°C. Clostridium ( Clostridium butyricum )、Desulfovibrio sulphuri Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ) need to grow in an anaerobic environment, so operations and cultivation should be carried out in an anaerobic growth chamber.

[0034] The carrier used was modified polypropylene particles, and the modification method was as follows: first, the polypropylene particles were polished with sandpaper to increase the roughness of the surface, and then the particles were immersed in a 10mol / L hydrochloric acid solution for half an hour, and the particles were rinsed in deionized water for 5 times, and dried in a drying oven at 60°C for 3 hours. After the bacterial growth was stable, the prepared modified polypropylene particles were added to the three bacterial solutions to start the formation of biofilms, so that the microorganisms attached to the surface of the modified polypropylene particles and grew, and hydrogen-producing microbial films were obtained after 48 hours of cultivation.

[0035] Step S12, inoculate and culture Shewanella ( Shewanella oneidensis ), Geobacillus sulfur-reducing Geobacter sulfurreducens), cultured at 37°C, and after the bacterial growth stabilized, coconut shell activated carbon particles with a diameter of 1 mm were added to initiate the formation of biofilm to obtain an electrogenic biofilm.

[0036] Step S13: After grinding and screening the magnetite, use ultrasonic precipitation method to prepare nano Fe3O4, then mix the sludge obtained from the sewage plant with the nano Fe3O4, use wastewater and garbage leachate as nutrients for gradient domestication, and obtain a microbial film containing nano Fe3O4 at 25-35°C.

[0037] The mixing ratio of wastewater and garbage leachate is 10:1.

[0038] Step S2, start the first peristaltic pump 4, open the first electric valve 5 and the second electric valve 13, inject the sewage in the constant temperature liquid storage tank 1 into the anode chamber 2 and the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3, until the sewage occupies 95% of the volume of the anode chamber 2 and 100% of the volume of the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3, and close the first electric valve 5.

[0039] The electricity-producing biofilm particles and the microbial membrane particles containing nano-Fe3O4 are added into the anode chamber 2; the hydrogen-producing microbial membrane particles are added into the particle confinement network 20 in the hydrogen-producing reaction chamber 3.

[0040] The second peristaltic pump 25 and the third peristaltic pump 26 are started, and the third electric valve 23, the pulsating return water solenoid valve 24, and the signal generator 50 are opened, so that the sewage in the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 and the by-products in the fermentation process such as acetic acid, butyric acid and the like enter the anode chamber 2 through the steady liquid flow mother pipe 28 and the pulsating liquid flow mother pipe 27, wherein the signal generator 50 is based on the following example: Figure 5 The three pulsation curves shown in the figure respectively output electrical signals to control the opening of the pulsating return water electromagnetic valve 24, thereby generating three forms of pulsating liquid flows. The steady liquid flow enters through the lower distributor 29-2 of the pulsating liquid flow nozzle 29, and the pulsating liquid flow is ejected through the pulsating liquid flow outlet 29-1. After the pulsating liquid flow is ejected, it disturbs the flow field in the anode chamber 2.

[0041] Step S3, after the reaction starts, the first gas valve 15 is opened to allow the hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced in the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 to be introduced into the anode chamber 2 through the gas connecting pipe 35, and bubbles are generated by the bubble generator 32 at the bottom of the anode chamber 2 to further disturb the flow field.

[0042] The second gas valve 38 is opened to allow the mixed gas produced by the reaction to enter the gas bag 39 for collection, and is first tested by a gas chromatograph 40. After the test, 50% of the gas is classified and purified in a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purifier 48, and the other 50% is synthesized into methanol in a methanol synthesis catalytic reactor 10.

[0043] Step S4, during the sewage treatment process, 50% of the electrical energy generated in the anode chamber 2 is introduced into the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3, and the bacterial metabolism process is promoted by applying voltage to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and the production of hydrogen, and the other 50% is stored in the supercapacitor 46.

[0044] The voltage data is recorded every 30 minutes using the monitoring computer 47, and the water quality is tested every 24 hours using the water quality tester 45.

[0045] When the voltage drops to 100 mV and the COD content in the sewage is less than 100 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 25 mg / L and the phosphorus content is less than 3 mg / L, the fourth electric valve 41 is opened to discharge the treated sewage into the liquid storage tank 42. After the sewage in the anode chamber 2 and the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 is drained, the fourth electric valve 41 is closed.

[0046] New sewage is continuously added from the constant temperature liquid storage tank 1 to the hydrogen production reaction chamber 3 and the anode chamber 2 to complete a cycle of sewage replacement.

[0047] It is worth noting that the contents not elaborated in detail in the present invention are all prior art and are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0048] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system and use method, organically combines microbial anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production with microbial fuel cell technology, realizes complementary advantages, and makes full use of chemical energy in sewage in a step-by-step manner, so that the low-grade energy conversion efficiency of the system is further improved compared with a single technical form. A large amount of by-products such as acetic acid and butyric acid are produced during the fermentation hydrogen production process, and these by-products can be used in microbial fuel cells. At the same time, a special structure biofilm fluidized bed with process integrated enhancement is used to replace the traditional suspended microbial reactor to further improve the mass transfer and reaction efficiency of the system.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system, characterized in that: It includes a constant temperature liquid storage tank, which is connected to the bottom of the anode chamber through a first connecting pipe, a first upper liquid chamber is arranged on the top of the anode chamber, a first liquid port is arranged on one side of the first upper liquid chamber, the first liquid port is connected to the second upper liquid chamber on the top of the hydrogen production reaction chamber through a second connecting pipe, an upper distributor is arranged in the second upper liquid chamber, a third connecting pipe is connected to the bottom of the hydrogen production reaction chamber, a three-way joint is arranged on the other end of the third connecting pipe, the other two ends of the three-way joint are respectively connected to a guide pipe and a pulsating liquid flow mother pipe, the other end of the guide pipe is connected to a liquid storage tank, the other end of the pulsating liquid flow mother pipe is connected to the side bottom of the anode chamber, the hydrogen production reaction chamber is also connected to the bottom of the anode chamber through a steady liquid flow mother pipe, one side of the anode chamber is also connected to a supercapacitor through a wire, the supercapacitor is connected to a monitoring computer, and the wire is also connected to the first electrode and the second electrode in the hydrogen production reaction chamber; The upper side of the first upper liquid chamber is connected to an air bag through a second vent, a second air valve is provided between the second vent and the air bag, and the air bag is respectively connected to a gas chromatograph, a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purifier and a methanol synthesis catalytic reactor; The top of the hydrogen production reaction chamber is also provided with a vent, which is connected to the bubble generator in the anode chamber through a gas connecting pipe; A particle confinement network is arranged in the hydrogen production reaction chamber, and the top diameter of the hydrogen production reaction chamber is larger than the bottom diameter.

2. The pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting pipe is sequentially provided with a first peristaltic pump, a first electric valve, a first flow meter and a third flow meter in the direction from the constant temperature liquid storage tank to the anode chamber.

3. The pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second connecting pipe is provided with a second electric valve and a second flow meter in sequence along the direction from the anode chamber to the hydrogen production reaction chamber.

4. The pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas connecting pipe is provided with a first gas valve and a gas flow meter in sequence along the direction from the hydrogen production reaction chamber to the anode chamber.

5. The pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steady liquid flow main pipe is provided with a third electric valve, a third peristaltic pump, and a third flow meter in sequence along the direction from the hydrogen production reaction chamber to the anode chamber; The pulsating liquid flow main pipe is sequentially provided with a pulsating water return solenoid valve, a second peristaltic pump, and a fourth flow meter in the direction from the hydrogen production reaction chamber to the anode chamber. The pulsating water return solenoid valve is also connected to the signal generator.

6. The pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anode chamber is provided with a plurality of anodes and an air cathode, a second liquid port is provided on one side of the anode chamber, the other end of the second liquid port is connected to a water quality detector, and a gauze screen and a pulsating liquid flow nozzle are sequentially provided inside the anode chamber at the lower side of the bubble generator.

7. A method for using the pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, preparing a microbial membrane; Step S11, inoculating and culturing Escherichia coli, Clostridium, and Desulfovibrio at 37° C., and adding the prepared modified polypropylene particles to the three bacterial solutions after the bacterial growth is stable, to start the formation of biofilm, so that the microorganisms adhere to the surface of the modified polypropylene particles and grow, and obtain a hydrogen-producing microbial film after 48 hours of cultivation; Step S12, inoculating and culturing Shewanella and Geobacillus sulfurreducens at 37° C., and after the bacterial growth is stable, adding coconut shell activated carbon particles with a diameter of 1 mm to start the formation of biofilm to obtain an electricity-generating biofilm; Step S13, grinding and screening the magnetite, using ultrasonic precipitation method to prepare nano Fe3O4, then mixing the sludge obtained from the sewage plant with the nano Fe3O4, using wastewater and garbage leachate as nutrients for gradient domestication, and obtaining a microbial film containing nano Fe3O4; Step S2, start the first peristaltic pump, open the first electric valve and the second electric valve, inject the sewage in the constant temperature liquid storage tank into the anode chamber and the hydrogen production reaction chamber until the sewage occupies 95% of the volume of the anode chamber and 100% of the volume of the hydrogen production reaction chamber, and close the first electric valve; Adding electricity-producing biofilm particles and microbial membrane particles containing nano-Fe3O4 into the anode chamber, and adding hydrogen-producing microbial membrane particles into the particle confinement network in the hydrogen-producing reaction chamber; Start the second peristaltic pump and the third peristaltic pump, open the third electric valve, the pulsating return water solenoid valve, and the signal generator, so that the sewage in the hydrogen production reaction chamber and the by-products in the fermentation process enter the anode chamber through the steady liquid flow mother pipe and the pulsating liquid flow mother pipe, wherein the steady liquid flow enters through the lower distributor of the pulsating liquid flow nozzle, and the pulsating liquid flow is ejected through the pulsating liquid flow outlet, and the pulsating liquid flow generates disturbances to the flow field in the anode chamber after being ejected; Step S3, after the reaction starts, the first gas valve is opened to allow the hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated in the hydrogen production reaction chamber to be introduced into the anode chamber through the gas connecting pipe, and bubbles are generated by the bubble generator at the bottom of the anode chamber to further disturb the flow field; The second gas valve is opened to allow the mixed gas generated by the reaction to enter the gas bag for collection, and is first tested by a gas chromatograph. After the test, 50% of the gas is classified and purified in a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purifier, and the other 50% is synthesized into methanol in a methanol synthesis catalytic reactor; Step S4: During the sewage treatment process, 50% of the electrical energy generated in the anode chamber is introduced into the hydrogen production reaction chamber to promote bacterial metabolism by applying voltage, accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and the production of hydrogen, and the other 50% is stored in the supercapacitor; Use a monitoring computer to record voltage data every 30 minutes, and use a water quality detector to test water quality every 24 hours; When the voltage drops to 100mV and the COD content in the sewage is less than 100mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 25mg / L and the phosphorus content is less than 3mg / L, the fourth electric valve is opened to discharge the treated sewage into the liquid storage tank. After the sewage in the anode chamber and the hydrogen production reaction chamber is completely discharged, the fourth electric valve is closed; New sewage continues to be added from the constant temperature liquid storage tank to the hydrogen production reaction chamber and the anode chamber to complete a cycle of sewage replacement.

8. The method for using the pulsating anaerobic microbial multiphase fluidized bed hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method of modified polypropylene particles is as follows: first, the polypropylene particles are polished with sandpaper to increase the roughness of the surface, the polished particles are immersed in a 10 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution for half an hour, the taken out particles are rinsed in deionized water for 5 times, and dried in a drying oven at 60°C for 3 hours to obtain modified polypropylene particles.

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