TBM pilot-tunnel-free launching operation platform and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel boring machine (TBM) pilot-tunnel-free launching operation platform and method. The working platform comprises a concrete foundation and a pre-embedded assembly, wherein the pre-embedded assembly comprises two pieces of connecting channel steel, a plurality of connecting steel bars, a plurality of anchoring plates and a plurality of pre-embedded steel bars; the waist plates of the two pieces of connecting channel steel are parallel, and notches face each other; main bodies of the connecting steel bars are arranged in the length direction perpendicular to the connecting channel steel, and the two ends are fixedly connected with waist plates of the connecting channel steel correspondingly; the plate surfaces of the anchoring plates are fixed on the outer side surfaces of the wing plates of the connecting channel steel in an attached manner; a plurality of embedded steel bars are arranged on the plate surface, close to the connecting channel steel, of each anchoring plate; the pre-embedded assembly is partially embedded in the concrete foundation, so that the plate face, away from the connecting channel steel, of each anchoring plate is 1-2 mm higher than the top plane of the concrete foundation. The operation platform is formed at a time through pouring, the construction workload is small, the bearing capacity is high and reliable through the pre-buried anchoring mode, and normal tunneling of the TBM starting pilot tunnel can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunneling, and in particular to a TBM pilot-less starting operation platform and method. Background Art

[0002] TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) non-pilot initial excavation technology is an advanced tunnel construction method. It uses TBM to directly excavate the tunnel without pre-excavating the pilot tunnel. This technology has the advantages of high efficiency, speed, safety, and environmental protection, and is especially suitable for tunnel projects in hard rock geological conditions. When using TBM non-pilot initial excavation, a TBM assembly and launching platform must be set up outside the tunnel. The assembly and launching platform area carries the TBM main machine, No. 1 trolley, equipment bridge, and launching load, providing sufficient thrust during the TBM launching process to meet the excavation requirements without the participation of support shoes.

[0003] Most of the existing TBM assembly launch platforms fix the launch reaction frame by making holes and inserting rebars or drilling and coring steel. This fixation method requires operations such as drilling, which is labor-intensive and prone to underestimation of the reaction force, resulting in excessive force on components and damage, which affects the initial excavation construction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a TBM non-pilot tunnel launching operation platform and method, which has small construction and manufacturing workload, strong bearing capacity, and safe and stable operation of TBM equipment.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a TBM non-guide tunnel starting work platform on one hand, including a concrete foundation and an embedded component, the embedded component including two connecting channel steels, a plurality of connecting steel bars, a plurality of anchor plates and a plurality of embedded steel bars; the waist plates of the two connecting channel steels are parallel and the notches are arranged opposite to each other; the main body of the connecting steel bars is arranged along the length direction perpendicular to the connecting channel steel, and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the waist plate of a connecting channel steel; the anchor plate surface is fixed on the outer surface of the wing plate of the connecting channel steel in a fitting manner, and each of the anchor plates is provided with a plurality of embedded steel bars on the plate surface close to the connecting channel steel; the embedded component is partially buried in the concrete foundation, so that the plate surface of each anchor plate away from the connecting channel steel is 1-2mm higher than the top plane of the concrete foundation, and the plate surface higher than the plate surface is used for fixed connection with the TBM starting stepping frame.

[0006] In the above-mentioned TBM non-pilot tunnel starting work platform, the work platform is constructed in front of the designed tunnel heading and along the axial direction of the starting tunnel. It is formed by pouring at one time, avoiding the multiple drilling and installation operations of conventional traditional hole-making and reinforcing bars or drilling and coring steel. The workload is small, and the pre-buried anchoring method has a strong bearing capacity. The components will not be damaged due to excessive force. The bearing capacity is reliable, which can ensure the normal excavation of the TBM starting pilot tunnel.

[0007] Furthermore, a steel mesh is arranged in the concrete foundation. The steel mesh is made of HRB400 steel bars with a diameter of 12 mm, which are laid in two layers in both directions, and the grid spacing is 200 mm×200 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, support feet are provided between the two layers of the steel mesh and at the bottom of the connecting channel steel.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of the anchor plates are evenly spaced apart on the outer side surface of a wing plate of each of the connecting channel steels, and the anchor plates on the two connecting channel steels are arranged opposite to each other in pairs along a direction perpendicular to the length of the connecting channel steels.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting channel steel adopts 14#-18# Q345 channel steel.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting steel bars are evenly spaced along the length direction of the connecting channel steel.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting steel bars are HRB400 steel bars with a diameter of 22 mm, and both ends of the connecting steel bars are bent and welded to the connecting channel steel.

[0013] Furthermore, the anchor plate is made of Q234 square steel plate with a thickness of 20-30 mm and a side length of 300-400 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, four pre-embedded steel bars are arranged on each of the anchor plates. The pre-embedded steel bars are HRB400 steel bars with a diameter of 28 mm and are bent into a J shape.

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides, on the other hand, a TBM non-pilot tunnel initial operation method based on the above TBM non-pilot tunnel initial operation platform, comprising:

[0016] The construction tunnel face and the TBM non-pilot tunnel starting operation platform;

[0017] Place the stepping frame;

[0018] TBM equipment assembly and commissioning;

[0019] The TBM steps in to the tunnel face;

[0020] Fixed stepping frame;

[0021] The TBM starts the excavation cycle to get the main machine into the hole;

[0022] Remove the stepper tooling.

[0023] Furthermore, the construction tunnel face includes:

[0024] Construction of tunnel entry face;

[0025] Carry out surface cleaning, slope excavation, slope protection and support work on the slope outside the face.

[0026] Furthermore, the construction of the TBM non-pilot tunnel launching platform includes:

[0027] Carry out site excavation, leveling and compaction in the designated area of ​​the hole;

[0028] Process and bury the embedded components. After burying, the length direction of the connecting channel steel is perpendicular to the tunnel face, and the plate surface of each anchor plate away from the connecting channel steel is horizontal and flush;

[0029] Concrete is poured to form a concrete foundation, and the top plane of the concrete foundation is 1-2m lower than the plate surface of the anchor plate away from the connecting channel steel.

[0030] Furthermore, the fixing of the stepping frame includes: fixing the stepping frame by welding with an anchor plate.

[0031] Furthermore, the TBM starts the cycle excavation to allow the main machine to enter the hole, including:

[0032] Install the blocking block and auxiliary push cylinder on the stepping frame;

[0033] The TBM starts the excavation mode, the cutter head rotates, and the main push cylinder extends to start excavation;

[0034] After the excavation reaches the set stroke, the cutterhead is stopped, the main push cylinder is retracted, and the auxiliary push cylinder is extended to push the TBM backing forward;

[0035] Retract the auxiliary thrust cylinder and remove the blocking block;

[0036] Move the blocking block forward and reinstall the auxiliary thrust cylinder.

[0037] Preferably, the TBM has a double shield structure.

[0038] At present, in TBM construction, manual blasting is usually used to excavate a starting pilot tunnel with a diameter slightly larger than the cutter diameter. After the starting pilot tunnel is trimmed, the TBM enters the tunnel and directly realizes the autonomous excavation of the TBM. During the construction of the starting pilot tunnel, the supporting shield bearing surface is often over-excavated too much and needs to be backfilled with concrete, or the supporting shield bearing surface is under-excavated or uneven and needs to be manually trimmed to be basically smooth, which affects the construction efficiency. In addition, blasting excavation requires a certain approval cycle, and the investment in materials, equipment and labor is also high.

[0039] The TBM non-pilot tunnel initial construction method of the present invention uses TBM to directly dig out its initial pilot tunnel, forming a very high-precision initial pilot tunnel; avoiding the time of pilot tunnel excavation and repair, accelerating the excavation speed and improving efficiency. Compared with blasting excavation, it omits the approval procedures for pyrotechnic materials, avoids the danger of blasting excavation, simplifies the construction process, and improves the efficiency of cavern construction; reduces the input of materials, equipment and labor, and reduces construction costs; and: reduces earth and stone excavation and transportation, reduces environmental damage and energy consumption.

[0040] In summary, the use of the above-mentioned TBM non-pilot starting operation platform and method has a small construction and manufacturing workload, strong bearing capacity, and safe and stable operation of the TBM equipment; the work site is very tidy as a whole, avoiding some unforeseen safety risks that may be caused by large working stress when the working surface structure is complex, thereby ensuring construction safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In the attached picture:

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the embedded components of the TBM pilotless starting working platform of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 A vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a TBM pilotless starting working platform of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the anchor plate installation structure of the TBM pilot-less starting work platform of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 Flow chart of the TBM pilotless initial operation method of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the construction of the TBM pilotless initial operation method of the present invention.

[0047] In the figure, 1. concrete foundation; 21. connecting channel steel; 22. connecting steel bars; 23. anchor plate; 24. embedded steel bars; 31. tunnel face; 32. TBM; 33. walking frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Figure 1-3 The present invention shows a TBM non-pilot initial operation platform. Figure 1-3 As shown, the TBM non-guide tunnel starting operation platform includes a concrete foundation 1 and embedded components, and the embedded components include two connecting channel steels 21, a plurality of connecting steel bars 22, a plurality of anchor plates 23 and a plurality of embedded steel bars 24; the waist plates of the two connecting channel steels 21 are parallel and the notches are arranged opposite to each other; the main body of the connecting steel bar 22 is arranged along the length direction of the vertical connecting channel steel 21, and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the waist plate of a connecting channel steel 21; the anchor plate 23 is fixed on the outer surface of the wing plate of the connecting channel steel 21 in a fitting manner, and each anchor plate 23 is provided with a plurality of embedded steel bars 24 on the plate surface close to the connecting channel steel 21. The embedded components are partially embedded in the concrete foundation 1, so that the plate surface of each anchor plate 23 away from the connecting channel steel 21 is 1-2mm higher than the top plane of the concrete foundation 1, and the plate surface is higher than the plate surface for fixed connection with the TBM starting step frame.

[0051] Optionally, a steel mesh is provided in the concrete foundation 1 to enhance the strength and stability of the concrete structure. Specifically, the steel mesh can be HRB400 steel bars with a diameter of 12 mm, which are laid in two layers and in two directions, and the grid spacing is 200 mm×200 mm.

[0052] When the concrete foundation 1 is poured, support feet are provided between the two layers of the steel mesh and at the bottom of the connecting channel steel 21. The support feet can ensure that the steel mesh and the embedded components maintain the correct position and shape during the concrete pouring process, effectively preventing deformation or displacement under the pressure of concrete, thereby ensuring the overall quality and stability of the work platform.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of anchor plates 23 are evenly spaced on the outer side of a wing plate of each connecting channel steel 21, and the anchor plates 23 on the two connecting channel steels 21 are arranged opposite each other in pairs along the length direction of the vertical connecting channel steels 21, so that the anchor plates 23 are evenly arranged, and the force is evenly applied when the TBM starting stepping frame is fixed and installed, and the strength is higher.

[0054] Optionally, the connecting channel steel 21 uses 14#-18# Q345 channel steel. The connecting channel steel 21 uses Q345 channel steel. During construction, the waist plate is arranged vertically, and the channel steel model can be 14#-18#. In addition, when the length of the connecting channel steel 21 is long, it can be welded and connected by multiple sections, and the length of each section is 3 to 4m.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the connecting steel bars 22 are evenly spaced along the length direction of the connecting channel steels 21. The two connecting channel steels 21 are fixedly connected into a whole by the connecting steel bars 22, and the connecting steel bars are evenly arranged, so that the structure is stable.

[0056] Optionally, the connecting steel bar 22 is made of HRB400 steel bar with a diameter of 22 mm, and the two ends of the connecting steel bar 22 are bent and welded to the connecting channel steel 21. The two ends of the connecting steel bar 22 are welded to the connecting channel steel 21, and the welding is double-sided; the ends of the connecting steel bar 22 are bent and welded, and the welding length is 90-110 mm, preferably 100 mm, to ensure sufficient connection strength. In addition, the length of the connecting steel bar 22 is designed according to the size of the initial reaction frame to be installed.

[0057] Optionally, the anchor plates 23 can be made of Q234 square steel plates with a thickness of 20-30 mm and a side length of 300-400 mm. The anchor plates 23 are fixed on the same side surface of the two connecting channel steels 21, exposed on the top surface of the concrete foundation 1, and are welded and fixedly connected to the TBM starting step frame.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, four embedded steel bars 24 are arranged on each anchor plate 23. The embedded steel bars 24 are HRB400 steel bars with a diameter of 28 mm, which are bent into a J shape. The top of the embedded steel bars 24 is connected to the anchor plate 23 by welding.

[0059] During construction, the required site is designed in front of the hole first, the site is cleaned, and then excavated to the construction elevation. Then the steel mesh is tied and the embedded components are placed. When placing, the length direction of the two connecting channel steels 21 is arranged facing the face of the hole face. Finally, the concrete is poured. Pay attention to the dense pouring. During the pouring process, the vibrator should avoid direct contact with the embedded parts to ensure the accuracy of the anchor plate positioning and the dense pouring of the concrete. The embedded components are pre-manufactured, and the components are fixed and connected by welding to form a whole. Finally, the construction forms the working platform, i.e., the concrete foundation 1: the size is 12m×9m and the thickness is 40cm; the finished surface of the concrete pouring is slightly lower than the top surface of the anchor plate 23 by 1-2mm. When starting the operation, the anchor plate 23 is connected to the starting reaction frame by welding, and the weld is full.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The present invention provides a TBM non-pilot tunnel initial operation method based on the above-mentioned TBM non-pilot tunnel initial operation platform, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the following steps S10-S70 are included, which mainly utilize the excavation capability of the TBM itself, and start excavation directly from the tunnel face without excavating the TBM starting guide tunnel in advance, so as to excavate the starting guide tunnel for the TBM itself.

[0062] It is applicable to underground powerhouse drainage corridors, gravity drainage tunnels and exploration adit tunnels of hydropower station projects or pumped storage power station projects, municipal underground pipe networks, water conservancy project water delivery tunnels and other tunnel projects with a diameter of no more than 5.0m. It is required that the site outside the tunnel entrance is relatively wide, which can meet the requirements of the assembly and availability of the most basic excavation functional components of the TBM, and the geological conditions of the tunnel face are relatively stable, and the rock integrity is relatively good.

[0063] Step S10: construct the tunnel face and TBM non-pilot tunnel starting operation platform.

[0064] Optionally, constructing the tunnel face includes the following steps a1 and a2.

[0065] Step a1, constructing the tunnel face;

[0066] Step a2: carry out the surface cleaning, slope excavation, slope protection and support work outside the face.

[0067] The face should be basically flat vertically, and the maximum misalignment should not exceed 40cm. All locking anchors around the starting tunnel opening should be implemented, and a concrete protection shed should be cast on the face or a steel structure protection shed should be installed.

[0068] Optionally, construction of a TBM non-pilot tunnel starting operation platform includes the following steps b1-b3.

[0069] Step b1, excavating, leveling and rolling the site in the designated area of ​​the opening.

[0070] The layout planning of the assembly and stepping platform should consider the reasonable planning of TBM entry and assembly sequence within the limited available area; and the reasonable demand for available area should be made according to the number of TBM components and assembly sequence, and the working range of the lifting equipment. It is necessary to comprehensively balance the two and achieve an optimal balance between economy and schedule requirements.

[0071] Step b2, processing and burying the embedded components, after burying, the length direction of the connecting channel steel 21 is perpendicular to the tunnel face, and each anchor plate 23 is horizontal and flush with the plate surface away from the connecting channel steel 21. Generally, a steel mesh is pre-tied in the concrete foundation 1 to improve the strength.

[0072] Step b3, pouring concrete to form a concrete foundation 1, and the top plane of the concrete foundation 1 is lower than the anchor plate 23 and is 1-2m away from the plate surface of the connecting channel steel 21.

[0073] During pouring, the embedded components are buried strictly according to the designed size and position to form an integral force-bearing structure with the floor concrete. Before the various components of the TBM equipment enter the site, the platform is excavated / backfilled, leveled, compacted, and the corresponding embedded parts are laid and the ground concrete is poured and hardened according to the planning requirements to meet the starting conditions for TBM equipment assembly.

[0074] Step S20: Place the stepping frame. The stepping frame is manufactured in advance in the factory by the manufacturer. When installed on site, it should be positioned and assembled along the axis of the starting hole. The stepping frame is normally designed to be 4 meters per section, and each section is firmly connected with high-strength bolts.

[0075] Step S30: TBM equipment assembly and debugging. When the TBM is assembled, the main machine part is all located on the stepping frame, including the cutter head, the front shield including the main drive, the main push cylinder telescopic joint, the rear shield including the support shoe, etc. The rear supporting part is to lay the sleepers and tracks first, and then after each section, the supporting frame is assembled, it is lifted section by section and then placed on the track, and then the equipment in each frame is assembled. Finally, various signal lines, hydraulic lines, power lines, cooling lines, etc. are connected and debugged.

[0076] Step S40: The TBM steps to the tunnel face. Under normal circumstances, after the TBM is installed, the distance between the cutter head and the tunnel face is greater than 2.0 times the diameter of the TBM cutter head. Therefore, the TBM needs to step with the help of a stepping frame to move its main machine part close to the tunnel face. The stepping principle is to install an additional auxiliary push cylinder and a blocking device to assist the main push cylinder in stepping.

[0077] Step S50: Fix the stepping frame. When the TBM cutterhead approaches the hole, the bottom of the stepping frame is welded to the pre-buried steel force-bearing device of the platform to form a solid whole. At the same time, a limit plate is installed at the tail of the front and rear shields of the TBM, which works together with the anti-twist block of the stepping frame to prevent the front and rear shields from twisting too much due to excessive reverse torque when the TBM is working.

[0078] Optionally, fixing the walking frame includes: fixing the walking frame by welding through an anchor plate 23. At this time, the bottom of the walking frame is firmly welded to the anchor plate 23 of the embedded component to provide resistance to the huge thrust generated during TBM excavation.

[0079] Step S60: The TBM starts the excavation cycle to allow the main machine to enter the hole.

[0080] Optionally, the TBM initiates cyclic excavation to allow the main machine to enter the hole, including the following steps c1-c5.

[0081] Step c1, install the blocking block and the auxiliary push cylinder on the stepping frame. Install the blocking block on the stepping frame, place the external auxiliary push cylinder between the blocking block and the rear end of the backing in a non-extended state, and after the auxiliary push cylinder is placed, slightly extend it to closely contact between the two.

[0082] Step c2, the TBM starts the excavation mode, the cutterhead rotates, and the main push cylinder extends to start the excavation. The cutterhead is started to rotate, and the main push cylinder begins to extend to start the excavation mode. At this time, the "two small and one low" mode of small thrust, small torque, and low speed is used for excavation work.

[0083] Step c3, after the excavation set stroke, stop the cutterhead rotation, and make the main push cylinder retract and the auxiliary push cylinder extend to push the TBM backing forward. The set stroke, i.e., the single excavation stroke, is generally 50% to 60% of the maximum stroke. After reaching it, stop the cutterhead rotation, retract the main push cylinder, extend the auxiliary push cylinder, and push the TBM backing forward.

[0084] Step c4, retract the auxiliary thrust cylinder and remove the blocking block.

[0085] Step c5, move the blocking block forward and install it, and re-install the auxiliary thrust cylinder.

[0086] The auxiliary push cylinder is retracted, the blocking block is removed, the blocking block is moved forward and installed, and the auxiliary push cylinder is reinstalled. The work is alternated in this way. Every time the auxiliary push cylinder is completed, the TBM is stepped, so that the main part of the TBM gradually enters the initial pilot tunnel excavated by the TBM itself, and completes the excavation of the initial pilot tunnel by itself. After the main part of the TBM is completely in the hole, the TBM can use the backing shoes to work completely independently.

[0087] Step S70: remove the stepping tooling and complete the start.

[0088] Other work items to be excavated before proceeding: After each section of the walking frame completely loses the function of installing the blocking block, it is necessary to promptly cut off the welding points with the steel force-bearing device, remove the section of the walking frame, and simultaneously install the steel sleepers and rails to provide a position and space for the subsequent forward movement of the supporting equipment.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit its protection scope. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that after reading the present invention, those skilled in the art can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the protection scope of the pending claims of the invention.

Claims

1. A TBM non-pilot tunnel launching operation platform, characterized in that: The invention comprises a concrete foundation (1) and an embedded component, wherein the embedded component comprises two connecting channel steels (21), a plurality of connecting steel bars (22), a plurality of anchor plates (23) and a plurality of embedded steel bars (24); the waist plates of the two connecting channel steels (21) are parallel and the notches are arranged opposite to each other; the main body of the connecting steel bar (22) is arranged along a length direction perpendicular to the connecting channel steel (21), and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the waist plate of one connecting channel steel (21); the plate surface of the anchor plate (23) is fixed on the outer surface of the wing plate of the connecting channel steel (21) in a fitting manner, and each of the anchor plates (23) is provided with a plurality of embedded steel bars (24) on the plate surface close to the connecting channel steel (21); The embedded components are partially embedded in the concrete foundation (1), so that the plate surface of each anchor plate (23) away from the connecting channel steel (21) is 1-2 mm higher than the top plane of the concrete foundation (1), and is higher than the plate surface for fixed connection with the TBM starting stepping frame.

2. A TBM non-pilot tunnel launching operation platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: A steel mesh is arranged in the concrete foundation (1), wherein the steel mesh is made of HRB400 steel bars with a diameter of 12 mm and laid in two directions in two layers, and the mesh spacing is 200 mm×200 mm.

3. A TBM non-pilot tunnel launching operation platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of anchor plates (23) are evenly spaced apart on the outer side of a wing plate of each connecting channel steel (21), and the anchor plates (23) on two connecting channel steels (21) are arranged opposite each other in pairs along a length direction perpendicular to the connecting channel steels (21).

4. A TBM non-pilot tunnel launching operation platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting steel bars (22) are evenly spaced along the length direction of the connecting channel steel (21).

5. The TBM non-pilot tunnel launching operation platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four pre-embedded steel bars (24) are arranged on each of the anchor plates (23). The pre-embedded steel bars (24) are HRB400 steel bars with a diameter of 28 mm and are bent into a J shape.

6. A TBM non-pilot tunnel initial operation method based on the TBM non-pilot tunnel initial operation platform according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: The construction tunnel face and the TBM non-pilot tunnel starting operation platform; Place the stepping frame; TBM equipment assembly and commissioning; The TBM steps in to the tunnel face; Fixed stepping frame; The TBM starts the excavation cycle to get the main machine into the hole; Remove the stepper tooling.

7. A TBM non-pilot tunnel initial construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The construction tunnel face includes: Construction of tunnel entry face; Carry out surface cleaning, slope excavation, slope protection and support work on the slope outside the face.

8. A TBM non-pilot tunnel initial construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The TBM non-pilot tunnel launching platform for construction includes: Carry out site excavation, leveling and compaction in the designated area of ​​the hole; Processing and embedding the embedded components, after which the length direction of the connecting channel steel (21) is perpendicular to the tunnel face, and the plate surfaces of the anchor plates (23) away from the connecting channel steel (21) are level and flush; Concrete is poured to form a concrete foundation (1), and the top plane of the concrete foundation (1) is 1-2 m lower than the plate surface of the anchor plate (23) away from the connecting channel steel (21).

9. A TBM non-pilot tunnel initial construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed stepping frame comprises: The stepping frame is fixed by welding through the anchor plate (23).

10. A TBM non-pilot tunnel initial construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The TBM starts the cycle excavation to make the main machine enter the hole, including: Install the blocking block and auxiliary push cylinder on the stepping frame; The TBM starts the excavation mode, the cutter head rotates, and the main push cylinder extends to start excavation; After the excavation reaches the set stroke, the cutterhead is stopped, the main push cylinder is retracted, and the auxiliary push cylinder is extended to push the TBM backing forward; Retract the auxiliary thrust cylinder and remove the blocking block; Move the blocking block forward and reinstall the auxiliary thrust cylinder.

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