Power supply circuit, server and time sequence control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a power supply circuit, a server and a time sequence control method, relates to the field of server power supply, and solves the problem that the demand of loads such as a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) and a CPU (Central Processing Unit) on short-time peak power is increasingly increased at present. According to the power supply circuit, the long-time power supply module and the peak value compensation module are introduced to work cooperatively, the long-time power supply module provides stable energy conversion, and the long-term stable power supply requirement of a load is met; and the peak compensation module dynamically adjusts power supply according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module, provides or recovers energy, and meets the instantaneous peak power demand, thereby avoiding the defect that the peak current cannot meet the requirement or needs a large-scale redundancy and high-cost capacitor row in the traditional scheme, and improving the reliability of the system. According to the design, power supply stability can be guaranteed, system cost and size are reduced, and overall power supply efficiency and response capability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of server power supply, and in particular to a power supply circuit, a server and a timing control method. Background Art

[0002] Driven by the AI ​​boom, the number and power consumption of GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) as the core computing power base of whole-cabinet servers have continued to increase, resulting in a significant increase in the total power consumption of whole-cabinet servers, especially the increasing demand for short-term peak power from loads such as GPUs and CPUs (Central Processing Units). However, as the total power demand of the loads increases, the size and design requirements of the power supply remain unchanged, and the power supply indicators become more stringent.

[0003] Currently, the main methods to solve this problem are to increase the transient mS-level peak power supply capability of the PSU (Power Supply Unit), increase the number of redundant parallel PSUs (for example, using N+N redundant parallel PSUs), or connect large-capacitance aluminum electrolytic capacitor banks in parallel on the output bus. However, there are problems such as not meeting the peak current requirements or significantly increasing the cost and volume. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power supply circuit, server and timing control method, which avoids the defects of traditional solutions that the peak current cannot be met or requires large-scale redundancy and high-cost capacitor banks. This design can reduce system cost and volume while ensuring stable power supply, and improve overall power supply efficiency and responsiveness.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a power supply circuit for application to a server, comprising: a power bus, whose output end is connected to a load, and the power bus is configured to provide energy to the load; a long-time power supply module, whose input end is connected to an input bus, and whose output end is connected to the power bus, and the long-time power supply module is configured to transform the power on the input bus according to the load demand on the power bus to provide energy to the power bus; a peak compensation module, whose output end is connected to the power bus, and the peak compensation module is configured to provide energy to the power bus, or obtain energy from the power bus, according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module.

[0006] Among them, the peak compensation module includes: an energy storage module, configured to store energy; a charge and discharge module, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, and whose output end is connected to the power bus, and the charge and discharge module is configured to work in a discharge mode so that the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus, or work in a charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus according to load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module.

[0007] Among them, the charging and discharging module includes four controllable switches and a first inductor; the first end of the first controllable switch is connected to the output positive end of the energy storage module, the second end of the first controllable switch is respectively connected to the first end of the second controllable switch and the first end of the first inductor, the second end of the first inductor is respectively connected to the first end of the third controllable switch and the first end of the fourth controllable switch, the second end of the third controllable switch is connected to the input positive end of the power bus, and the second end of the second controllable switch is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth controllable switch, the output negative end of the energy storage module and the input negative end of the power bus.

[0008] Among them, the peak compensation module also includes: a discharge module, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, and whose output end is connected to the power bus, and the discharge module is configured to determine that the energy storage module is turned on when providing energy to the power bus according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module.

[0009] Among them, the discharge module includes four controllable switches and a second inductor; the first end of the fifth controllable switch is connected to the output positive end of the energy storage module, the second end of the fifth controllable switch is respectively connected to the first end of the sixth controllable switch and the first end of the second inductor, the second end of the second inductor is respectively connected to the first end of the seventh controllable switch and the first end of the eighth controllable switch, the second end of the seventh controllable switch is connected to the input positive end of the power bus, and the second end of the sixth controllable switch is respectively connected to the second end of the eighth controllable switch, the output negative end of the energy storage module and the input negative end of the power bus.

[0010] Among them, the discharge module is specifically used to turn on when the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is less than the bus current value on the power bus, so that the energy storage module provides the first discharge current to the power bus through itself; the first discharge current is determined according to the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value.

[0011] Among them, the charging and discharging module is specifically used to operate in the discharge mode when the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is less than the bus current value on the power bus, and the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value is greater than a first threshold value, so that the energy storage module provides a first discharge current to the power bus through the discharge module, and provides a second discharge current to the power bus through the charging and discharging module; the second discharge current is determined according to the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value.

[0012] Among them, the peak compensation module also includes: an auxiliary module, whose input end is connected to the energy storage module, and whose output end is connected to the power bus, and a charging path is set in the auxiliary module; the auxiliary module is configured to provide a charging path when the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus and the charging and discharging module stops working, so that the long-time power supply module provides energy to the energy storage module through the power bus and the charging path.

[0013] Wherein, the charging path in the auxiliary module includes: a first path and a second path; the first end of the first path is respectively connected to the output end of the energy storage module and the first end of the second path, the second end of the first path is respectively connected to the power bus and the second end of the second path, and the resistance of the first path when it is turned on is greater than the resistance of the second path when it is turned on; the first path is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus, and to be cut off when its own conduction time reaches a preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module reaches a first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module charges the energy storage module through the power bus and the first path; the second path is configured to be cut off when the first path is turned on, and to be turned on when the conduction time of the first path reaches the preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module reaches the first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module charges the energy storage module through the power bus and the second path.

[0014] Among them, the first path includes a first switch and a first resistor element, and the second path includes a second switch; the first resistor element is connected in series with the first switch, and the first end of the series connection is respectively connected to the output end of the energy storage module and the first end of the second switch, and the second end of the series connection is respectively connected to the power bus and the second end of the second switch; the first switch is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus and the charging and discharging module stops working, and to be disconnected when its own conduction time reaches the preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module reaches the first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module charges the energy storage module through the power bus, the first switch and the first resistor element; the second switch is configured to be disconnected when the first switch is turned on, and to be turned on when the conduction time of the first switch reaches the preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module reaches the first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module charges the energy storage module through the power bus and the second switch.

[0015] Among them, the second switch is specifically used to be disconnected when the first switch is turned on, to be turned on and operate in the linear region when the turn-on time of the first switch reaches the preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module reaches a first preset value, and to operate in the amplification region when the voltage of the energy storage module reaches a second preset value; the second preset value is greater than the first preset value and less than the voltage on the power bus.

[0016] In which, a discharge path is also provided in the auxiliary module, and the auxiliary module is also configured to provide a discharge path when the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus and when the discharge module stops working, so that the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus through the discharge path.

[0017] Among them, the discharge path in the auxiliary module includes: a third path, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, and whose output end is connected to the power bus, and the third path is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus and the discharge module stops working.

[0018] Wherein, the third path includes a third switch, a first end of which is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, and a second end of which is connected to the power bus, and the third switch is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus and the discharge module stops working.

[0019] Among them, the auxiliary module also includes: an energy release circuit, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, and whose output end is connected to the power bus. The energy release circuit is configured to be turned on when the current output current of the long-term power supply module is zero and the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus through the discharge path or the discharge module, if the load connected to the power bus completes a preset task, until the voltage of the energy storage module is less than a voltage threshold.

[0020] Wherein, the energy release circuit includes a second resistor element and a fourth switch; the first end of the second resistor element is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, the second end of the second resistor element is connected to the first end of the fourth switch, and the second end of the fourth switch is connected to the power bus; the fourth switch is configured to be turned on when the current output current of the long-time power supply module is zero and the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus through the discharge path or the discharge module, if the load connected to the power bus completes a preset task, until the voltage of the energy storage module is less than the voltage threshold.

[0021] Among them, the peak compensation module also includes: a fault management module, whose input end is connected to the energy storage module, and whose output end is respectively connected to the input end of the charging and discharging module, the input end of the discharging module and the input end of the auxiliary module, and the fault management module is configured to disconnect the connection between its own input end and its own output end when the energy storage module is abnormal, the charging and discharging module is abnormal, the discharging module is abnormal or the auxiliary module is abnormal.

[0022] Among them, the number of the input busbars is at least 2, and the long-time power supply module includes: multiple power supply modules, the output end of each of the power supply modules is connected to the power supply busbar, and each of the power supply modules is configured to transform the power on the input busbar according to the load demand on the power supply busbar to provide energy for the power supply busbar; a busbar switching module, whose input end is connected to the output end of each of the input busbars, and whose output end is connected to the input end of each of the power supply modules, and the busbar switching module is configured to control at most one of the input buses that meets the preset requirements to be connected to the power supply module.

[0023] Wherein, the bus switching module includes: a detection module, whose input end is connected to the output end of each of the input buses, the detection module is configured to detect the power state of each of the input buses, and send all the power states to the switching control module; the switching control module, whose input end is connected to the output end of the detection module, and whose output end is connected to the control end of the switching switch, the switching control module is configured to select at most one input bus with normal power state as the target input bus according to all the power states, and send a switch control signal to the switching switch; the switching switch, whose input end is respectively connected to the output end of each of the input buses, and whose output end is connected to the input end of the power module, the switching switch is configured to connect the target input bus to the power module according to the switch control signal.

[0024] Among them, it also includes: a supporting energy body, whose output end is respectively connected to the output end of the switching switch and the input end of the power bus, and the supporting energy body is configured to provide energy to the power module when the switching switch switches from the target input bus to the new target input bus.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides a server, comprising the power supply circuit as described above.

[0026] In the third aspect, the present application provides a timing control method, which is applied to the above-mentioned power supply circuit, and the timing control method includes: controlling the long-time power supply module to transform the power on the input bus according to the load demand of the power bus to provide energy for the power bus; obtaining the working status of the long-time power supply module; according to the load demand and the working status of the long-time power supply module, controlling the peak compensation module to provide energy for the power bus, or obtaining energy from the power bus.

[0027] Among them, according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module, the peak compensation module is controlled to provide energy to the power bus, or to obtain energy from the power bus, including: according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module, the charge and discharge module is controlled to work in the discharge mode so that the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus; or, the charge and discharge module is controlled to work in the charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus.

[0028] Among them, controlling the charging and discharging module to work in the charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus includes: when the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is greater than the bus current value on the power bus, controlling the charging and discharging module to work in the charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus; adjusting the charging current value for charging the energy storage module according to the current output current value and the maximum allowable output current value of the long-time power supply module.

[0029] Among them, the charging current value for charging the energy storage module is adjusted according to the current output current value and the maximum allowable output current value of the long-time power supply module, including: when the current output current value is greater than the maximum allowable output current value, reducing the charging current value for charging the energy storage module until the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is reduced to below the maximum allowable output current value; when the current output current value is less than the maximum allowable output current value, increasing the charging current value for charging the energy storage module until the current output current of the long-time power supply module increases to the target output current value, and the target output current is less than the maximum allowable output current value.

[0030] Among them, controlling the charging and discharging module to work in the charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus includes: when the current output current value of the long-term power supply module is greater than the bus current value on the power bus, controlling the charging and discharging module to work in the charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus; and adjusting the charging current value for charging the energy storage module according to the current charging current value and the charging current threshold for charging the energy storage module.

[0031] Among them, the charging current value for charging the energy storage module is adjusted according to the current charging current value and the charging current threshold for charging the energy storage module, including: when the current charging current value for charging the energy storage module is greater than the charging current threshold, the charging current value for charging the energy storage module is adjusted to the charging current threshold or a target charging current less than the charging current threshold.

[0032] Among them, according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module, the peak compensation module is controlled to provide energy to the power bus, including: when the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is less than the bus current value on the power bus, the first discharge current is determined according to the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value; the discharge module is controlled to be turned on so that the energy storage module provides the first discharge current to the power bus through the discharge module.

[0033] Among them, controlling the charge and discharge module to work in the discharge mode so that the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus includes: when the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is less than the bus current value on the power bus, and the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value is greater than a first threshold value, controlling the charge and discharge module to work in the discharge mode; determining the second discharge current according to the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value and the first discharge current; and controlling the energy storage module to provide the second discharge current to the power bus through the charge and discharge module.

[0034] The present invention provides a power supply circuit, a server and a timing control method, which relate to the field of server power supply and solve the current problem of increasing demand for short-term peak power due to loads such as GPUs and CPUs. The power supply circuit introduces the coordinated work of a long-term power supply module and a peak compensation module. The long-term power supply module provides stable energy conversion to meet the long-term stable power supply demand of the load; while the peak compensation module dynamically adjusts the power supply according to the load demand and the working state of the long-term power supply module, provides or recovers energy, and meets the instantaneous peak power demand, thereby avoiding the defects of the peak current in the traditional solution that cannot be met or requires large-scale redundancy and high-cost capacitor banks. This design can reduce system cost and volume while ensuring stable power supply, and improve overall power supply efficiency and responsiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a power supply circuit provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of a power supply circuit provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a long-time power supply module provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a bus switching module provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a peak compensation module provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a charging and discharging module provided by the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 The present invention provides a flow chart of a charging process.

[0043] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a discharge module provided by the present invention.

[0044] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary module provided by the present invention.

[0045] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a switching unit control module provided by the present invention.

[0046] Fig.11 This is a flow chart of charging through an auxiliary module provided by the present invention.

[0047] Fig.12 A flow chart of discharging through an auxiliary module provided by the present invention.

[0048] Fig.13 A flow chart of releasing residual energy in an energy storage module through an auxiliary module provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The core of the present invention is to provide a power supply circuit, server and timing control method. The peak compensation module dynamically adjusts the power supply according to the load demand and the working status of the long-term power supply module, provides or recovers energy, and meets the instantaneous peak power demand, avoiding the defects of the traditional solution that the peak current cannot be met or requires large-scale redundancy and high-cost capacitor banks. This design can reduce system cost and volume while ensuring stable power supply, and improve overall power supply efficiency and responsiveness.

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] First, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present application provides a power supply circuit, which is applied to a server, including:

[0052] The power bus 13 has an output end connected to the load, and the power bus 13 is configured to provide energy to the load.

[0053] The long-term power supply module 11 has its input end connected to the input bus and its output end connected to the power bus 13. The long-term power supply module 11 is configured to transform the power on the input bus according to the load demand on the power bus 13 to provide energy for the power bus 13.

[0054] The peak compensation module 12 has an output end connected to the power bus 13 , and the peak compensation module 12 is configured to provide energy to the power bus 13 or obtain energy from the power bus 13 according to load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module 11 .

[0055] The power supply circuit is applied to the server system, aiming to effectively solve the problem that the traditional power supply scheme cannot respond in time or is too costly due to the fluctuation of load power demand, especially the high short-term peak power demand. The circuit consists of three main parts: a long-term power supply module 11, a peak compensation module 12 and a power bus 13.

[0056] The input end of the long-term power supply module 11 is connected to the input bus of the server, and the input bus usually comes from an external power supply (such as 220V AC or high-voltage DC). The main function of the long-term power supply module 11 is to transform the power on the input bus, usually through DC-DC conversion or AC-DC conversion, to convert the voltage or current of the input power into a voltage specification suitable for the operation of the server, and output it to the power bus 13. The role of the long-term power supply module 11 is to provide a stable and continuous power supply to ensure that the server obtains the required energy under normal working conditions. This part is the main force of the power supply circuit and undertakes the task of long-term and stable power supply.

[0057] The peak compensation module 12 is different from the long-time power supply module 11. The peak compensation module 12 is specifically used to cope with the rapid changes in the load's power demand in an instant, especially when the load is processing high-intensity calculations (such as high GPU or CPU load), resulting in short-term power peaks. The output end of the peak compensation module 12 is directly connected to the power bus 13. Its function is to dynamically adjust the power supply according to the instantaneous power demand of the load and the working state of the long-time power supply module 11. If the instantaneous power demand of the load exceeds the capacity of the long-time power supply module 11, the peak compensation module 12 can provide energy to the power bus 13 to meet the instantaneous power demand of the load; when the instantaneous power demand of the load decreases and the instantaneous power demand is less than the output power of the long-time power supply module 11, the peak compensation module 12 absorbs additional energy from the power bus 13. The peak compensation module 12 ensures that the power supply can respond quickly to the instantaneous load demand through precise adjustment, and prevents system failure or performance degradation caused by insufficient power supply.

[0058] The power bus 13 acts as a bridge between the long-term power supply module 11, the peak compensation module 12 and the load. The power bus 13 delivers the energy provided by the long-term power supply module 11 and the peak compensation module 12 to various loads in the server (such as CPU, GPU, storage device, etc.). It is responsible for distributing the power supply current to various load devices to ensure the stable operation of each component.

[0059] In addition, a power status monitoring module 14 may be introduced to enhance the real-time monitoring and intelligent management capabilities of the power supply circuit, ensure that each module and busbar can operate stably and effectively under different working conditions, and promptly detect possible abnormalities and make corresponding adjustments.

[0060] The power state monitoring module 14 collects the voltage and current data of the power modules, the peak compensation module 12 and the power bus 13 in real time by connecting with the current sharing bus of multiple power modules of the long-term power supply module 11, the peak compensation module 12 and the power bus 13. These data provide feedback information for the operation of the entire circuit and determine whether the power supply status of each part is normal.

[0061] like Figure 3 , multiple power modules in the long-term power supply module 11 usually share power through the current sharing bus. The power status monitoring module 14 ensures that the output power of each power module is within a reasonable range by monitoring the current distribution of each power module, thereby preventing some power modules from becoming unstable due to overload or insufficient power. For example, when multiple power modules are connected in parallel, the power status monitoring module 14 can detect and adjust the load balance of the power modules to ensure that the load of each power module is within its rated operating range, avoiding failures or inefficiencies caused by excessive load on a single power module. For another example, when the output currents of multiple power modules are not synchronized, the current sharing bus will feedback the current value of each power module and adjust it uniformly so that the current output of each power module tends to be consistent. Specifically, after the status of the current sharing bus is fed back, the output current of other power modules will be adjusted according to the maximum current value of the current power module. In this way, through the feedback mechanism of the current-sharing bus, the output current of all power modules will eventually be uniformly adjusted with the maximum current value as a reference, ensuring that each power module bears the same current load, thereby avoiding the situation where one power module is overloaded while other modules are underloaded.

[0062] When the load demand changes rapidly, the peak compensation module 12 will quickly respond to the instantaneous power demand of the load based on the feedback from the power status monitoring module 14. The power status monitoring module 14 provides real-time voltage and current information to help the peak compensation module 12 determine whether it is necessary to absorb or provide additional energy from the power bus 13. If the power status monitoring module 14 detects a sudden increase in load, which may cause the voltage of the power bus 13 to drop or the current to overload, the peak compensation module 12 can immediately provide additional power to make up for the short-term power shortage; conversely, if the load drops, the power status monitoring module 14 will prompt the peak compensation module 12 to recover excess energy from the power bus 13 to improve overall energy efficiency.

[0063] The power status monitoring module 14 can detect any abnormal conditions of the power module or bus in real time, such as over-voltage, over-low voltage, over-current, etc. These abnormalities may be caused by power module failure, abnormal load fluctuation, or other circuit failures. The power status monitoring module 14 will trigger an alarm or protection mechanism through an internally set threshold, automatically adjust the working state of the circuit, or directly switch to the backup power module (in this embodiment, the long-term power supply module 11 includes the main power module (in Figure 3 In the figure, it is represented as power module 1-power module n) and backup power module (in Figure 3 In the figure, it is represented as backup power supply module 1, and its number is not limited to 1), that is, the power supply module supports redundancy), to avoid system shutdown or equipment damage due to abnormal conditions. For servers that need to run for a long time, real-time monitoring and automatic protection are particularly important, which can improve the reliability and security of the system.

[0064] The power status monitoring module 14 not only monitors the circuit status in real time, but also records and uploads the monitoring data (including voltage, current, power, etc.) to the server management system or cloud platform. In this way, the system administrator can view the operating status of each power module and busbar through the remote management platform, and analyze the health status of the power system based on historical data. In addition, preventive maintenance and load prediction can be performed based on these monitoring data.

[0065] It can be seen that the introduction of the power status monitoring module 14 enhances the dynamic adjustment capability of the entire power supply system through real-time monitoring of voltage and current, especially the coordination between the long-term power supply and the peak compensation module 12. It can ensure the load balance of each power module, dynamically adjust the peak power supply, detect abnormalities in time and provide protection, and improve the overall stability and reliability of the system. In addition, the monitoring module also provides remote management and data analysis functions for system administrators, which helps to realize the intelligent management of the power system.

[0066] It should be noted that the power status monitoring module 14, the long-time power supply module 11, the peak compensation module 12 and the power module are designed as an integrated power management system and are installed in an integral cabinet. Specifically, these modules can be vertically distributed in the cabinet in turn according to functional requirements to form a reasonable layout structure for modular management and maintenance. Through this vertical distribution design, the space of the cabinet can be effectively saved, while facilitating the electrical connection and heat dissipation management between each module. The modular design makes the replacement, maintenance and expansion of each module more convenient and efficient, especially in large-scale server applications such as data centers, which can greatly reduce the difficulty of maintenance and improve system reliability. In addition, this vertical distribution structure also has good heat dissipation performance, which facilitates the natural flow of heat and air circulation, thereby improving the work efficiency and stability of the entire system. Under this design, the coordination between the modules is closer, and the system management personnel can flexibly adjust and optimize according to the real-time power status and load conditions, thereby achieving more efficient and stable power management.

[0067] In summary, in this embodiment, the entire power supply circuit can flexibly switch between long-term and short-term power requirements. The long-term power supply module 11 provides continuous and stable power, while the peak compensation module 12 quickly responds to the power fluctuation of the load in a short time, avoiding the volume and cost problems caused by the increase in the number of redundant parallel power supplies or the expansion of capacitor capacity in traditional designs. This solution effectively improves the power response capability of the power supply system, while reducing the overall cost and volume of the system, and is more adaptable to the high demand for instantaneous power in modern servers, especially high-performance computing and artificial intelligence applications.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, as an optional embodiment, the number of input busbars is at least 2, and the long-term power supply module 11 includes: multiple power supply modules, the output end of each power supply module is connected to the power supply bus 13, and each power supply module is configured to transform the power on the input bus according to the load demand on the power supply bus 13 to provide energy for the power supply bus 13; a bus switching module 31, whose input end is connected to the output end of each input bus and whose output end is connected to the input end of each power supply module, and the bus switching module 31 is configured to control at most one input bus that meets the preset requirements to connect to the power supply module.

[0069] In this embodiment, the number of input busbars is at least 2, and the long-term power supply module 11 is composed of a busbar switching module 31 and multiple power supply modules to achieve more flexible and reliable power management, especially when facing different input sources or power module failures, it can ensure that the system always obtains a stable power supply.

[0070] The bus switching module 31 is connected to multiple input busbars, and selects an input busbar to be connected to the power module through a control mechanism. Its main function is to select at most one input busbar as the power supply source of the power module according to the preset control logic. The input busbars usually come from different AC or DC power supplies. The bus switching module 31 ensures flexible switching between different input busbars, thereby ensuring that the system can automatically switch to another input source when one input power source fails or the power supply is unstable, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the power supply.

[0071] The design of the bus switching module 31 enables the power supply system to respond quickly to large load changes and automatically switch to the optimal input power supply. When the system detects that a certain input bus cannot meet the current load demand, the switching module will quickly switch to another input bus to ensure a stable supply of power. If the power supply of a certain input bus fails or is unstable (such as abnormal voltage or power outage), the bus switching module 31 will switch to a normal bus, thereby avoiding system downtime or performance degradation caused by the failure of a single power supply.

[0072] In this embodiment, the long-term power supply module 11 includes a plurality of power modules, and the output end of each power module is connected to the power bus 13. Each power module is responsible for transforming the power on the connected input bus (such as DC-DC conversion or AC-DC conversion), and providing a voltage and current suitable for the working requirements of the server, and finally supplying energy to the power bus 13. The parallel design of multiple power modules improves the redundancy and power supply capacity of the power supply, and enhances the power supply stability of the entire system under high load conditions. By operating multiple power modules in parallel, the power demand can be evenly distributed to each power module, avoiding failure of a single power module due to overload. At the same time, multiple power modules can also provide sufficient power under high load or instantaneous power peak conditions to avoid interruption of service of the power supply system due to overload.

[0073] In addition, a filter module 32 corresponding to each input bus is set at the rear end of each input bus to improve the power quality, reduce noise and fluctuations, and ensure the stable operation of the power supply system. The filter module 32 can eliminate high-frequency noise, voltage fluctuations and current spikes in the input power supply, thereby improving the power quality and ensuring that the power supply system can stably and reliably provide clean power to downstream devices.

[0074] Each input bus is equipped with an independent filter module 32, which means that the power signal of each input bus is processed separately. This one-to-one design helps optimize system performance and prevents interference from one bus from affecting other buses.

[0075] In this embodiment, by introducing multiple input buses, bus switching modules 31 and multiple power modules, the entire power supply system can flexibly adjust itself in the face of various power inputs, load changes and system failures. This design not only improves the redundancy of the power supply system and reduces the risk caused by a single input bus failure, but also makes more efficient use of power resources and avoids unnecessary energy waste. The bus switching module 31 ensures that the system can automatically switch when there is a problem with the input power supply, and the parallel design of multiple power modules ensures that the system can operate stably under higher loads.

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, as an optional embodiment, the bus switching module 31 includes: a detection module, whose input end is connected to the output end of each input bus, the detection module is configured to detect the power state of each input bus, and send all power states to the switching control module; a switching control module, whose input end is connected to the output end of the detection module, and whose output end is connected to the control end of the switching switch 41, the switching control module is configured to select at most one input bus with normal power state as the target input bus according to all power states, and send a switch control signal to the switching switch 41; the switching switch 41, whose input end is respectively connected to the output end of each input bus, and whose output end is connected to the input end of the power module, and the switching switch is configured to connect the target input bus to the power module according to the switch control signal.

[0077] In this optional embodiment, the bus switching module 31 is designed to include a detection module ( Figure 4 The figure shows input path 1 and input path 2 corresponding to two input busbars, so the detection module accordingly includes detection module 1 and detection module 2), a switching control module and a switching switch 41, the purpose of which is to ensure that an input busbar with normal power state and suitable for current load requirements is selected from multiple input busbars, thereby providing stable and reliable power input for the power supply module.

[0078] The main function of the detection module is to monitor the power status of each input bus in real time. Each input bus comes from a different power source, such as an external power grid, a backup battery pack, or other independent power supply equipment. The detection module is connected to the output end of each input bus to continuously obtain power parameters such as voltage, current, and power on the input bus. These data can reflect the power quality of each input bus, including whether it is in normal working condition, whether there is overvoltage, undervoltage, or other power anomalies. The detection module integrates all the collected power status information and transmits this data to the switching control module through the output end for subsequent decision-making and control.

[0079] After receiving all the power status information from the detection module, the switching control module is responsible for making decisions based on this information and selecting the input bus with normal power status and meeting the system requirements. Specifically, the switching control module will analyze the voltage, current and other data of each input bus, determine which input bus is in normal working condition, and select at most one input bus with good power status as the target input bus. If the power status of all input buses is normal, the switching control module will make the final selection based on other factors (such as load demand, efficiency, etc.).

[0080] Once the switching control module determines the target input bus, it generates a switch control signal and transmits the signal to the switch 41 through the output terminal. At this time, the switching control module acts as the decision-making center of the system to ensure that the power supply system can always access the best power input.

[0081] The main function of the switch 41 is to determine which input bus is finally connected to the power module according to the switch control signal from the switch control module. When the switch control module sends a switch control signal, the switch 41 will immediately connect the target input bus to the power module according to the instruction, and cut off other inappropriate input buses, thereby ensuring that the power module only receives a stable and normal power input.

[0082] The design of the switch 41 can be mechanical or electronic, and the appropriate type is selected according to the system requirements and response speed. Regardless of the type, the key to the switch 41 lies in its switching speed and reliability, ensuring that no instantaneous voltage fluctuation or interruption occurs during the power switching process, and maintaining stable system operation.

[0083] In summary, this embodiment can automatically select the best input power supply to ensure that the power supply module always receives power from the input bus with normal power status, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the power supply system. The detection module monitors the power status of each input bus in real time and transmits the information to the switching control module, which makes a decision and finally achieves the access of the target input bus by switching the switch 41, thereby optimizing the management and scheduling of the power supply, enhancing the fault tolerance of the system, effectively reducing the impact caused by power fluctuations or failures, and ensuring that the system can work continuously and stably.

[0084] As an optional embodiment, the switching control module is specifically configured to determine the preset input bus as the target input bus when the power state of the preset input bus is normal, and to determine any input bus with normal power state except the preset input bus as the target input bus when the power state of the preset input bus is abnormal, and send a switch control signal to the switching switch 41.

[0085] As an optional embodiment, the switching control module is also configured to determine a new target input bus from input buses with normal power states other than the target input bus when the power state of the target input bus currently connected to the power module is abnormal, and send a bus switching signal to the switching switch 41; the switching switch 41 is also used to disconnect the target input bus with abnormal power state from the power module according to the bus switching signal, and connect the new target input bus to the power module.

[0086] In this embodiment, the main function of the switching control module is to intelligently select the target input bus according to the power state of each input bus, and adjust the access of the power supply through the switch control signal. Specifically, the switching control module determines whether the power input needs to be switched according to the power state of the preset input bus, and makes corresponding control decisions.

[0087] Specifically, when the power state of the preset input bus is normal, the switching control module determines that the input bus can provide a stable power supply to the power module, and thus determines the preset input bus as the target input bus. At this time, the switching control module does not need to perform any switching action and continues to maintain the current power input.

[0088] However, if the power state of the preset input bus is abnormal (for example, the voltage is too high or too low, the power is insufficient, or other faults occur), the switching control module will not be able to rely on the input bus to continue to supply power. Therefore, the switching control module will automatically search and select other input buses with normal power states as the target input bus. These input buses with normal power states can be any input bus in the system, provided that their power states meet normal working requirements.

[0089] Once the new target input bus is determined, the switching control module generates a corresponding switch control signal and transmits the signal to the switching switch 41, instructing the switching switch 41 to switch the input of the power supply to the new target input bus. In this process, the role of the switching control module is to make judgments and decisions based on the real-time power state to ensure that the power supply system can obtain stable power supply from the input bus with normal power state under any circumstances, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the server or equipment without being affected by input power fluctuations or failures.

[0090] In summary, this embodiment ensures the continuity and stability of power supply by intelligently selecting the target input bus. When the preset input bus is normal, there is no need to change it. When the preset input bus fails, the switching control module can quickly switch to other input buses with normal power status, thereby realizing automatic power switching, avoiding shutdown or performance degradation due to power supply abnormalities, and ensuring high reliability and stable operation of the system.

[0091] like Figure 4As shown, as an optional embodiment, it also includes: a supporting energy body 42, whose output end is respectively connected to the output end of the switching switch 41 and the input end of the power bus 13, and the supporting energy body 42 is configured to provide energy to the power module when the switching switch 41 switches from the target input bus to a new target input bus.

[0092] When the system detects that it needs to switch from the current target input bus to a new target input bus, the switch 41 changes its connection state and switches the power input from the current bus to another bus with normal power state. However, during this switching process, due to the instantaneous nature of the switching process, the power module may temporarily lose stable power supply, resulting in voltage drop or power interruption, thereby affecting the normal operation of the system.

[0093] To solve this problem, the supporting energy body 42 provides a buffer energy by connecting the output end of the switching switch 41 and the input end of the power module. When the switching switch 41 starts to switch, the supporting energy body 42 can briefly provide energy to the power module to fill the gap in the power input, ensure that the power module continues to receive power stably, and avoid voltage drops or interruptions in the system. The supporting energy body 42 (such as a capacitor) can quickly release energy and provide instantaneous current support until the new target input bus is fully connected and supplies power stably.

[0094] Specifically, the supporting energy body 42 may be a supporting capacitor, whose energy storage characteristics enable it to provide a short period of high power output during power switching, helping the system maintain a stable voltage level until the new input bus is connected and starts supplying power. The selection of the supporting capacitor needs to consider the system power requirements and the duration of the switching process, ensuring that its capacity and output power are sufficient to support the stable operation of the power module.

[0095] It can be seen that in this embodiment, the supporting energy body 42 ensures the continuity and stability of the power module by providing short-term energy support during the power switching process, avoids power interruptions or voltage fluctuations caused by the switching process, thereby improving the reliability and seamless operation capability of the entire system, especially in scenarios with dynamic load changes or frequent power switching, it can ensure that the power switching process does not affect the overall operation of the system.

[0096] like Figure 5As shown, as an optional embodiment, the peak compensation module 12 includes: an energy storage module 51, configured to store energy; a charge and discharge module 52, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module 51, and whose output end is connected to the power bus 13, and the charge and discharge module 52 is configured to work in a discharge mode so that the energy storage module 51 provides energy to the power bus 13, or work in a charging mode so that the energy storage module 51 obtains energy from the power bus 13 according to load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module 11.

[0097] In this optional embodiment, the peak compensation module 12 achieves flexible adjustment of the system power demand by introducing the energy storage module 51 and the charging and discharging module 52, so as to ensure that the power bus 13 can always meet the instantaneous power demand of the load while maintaining the high efficiency and stability of the power supply system.

[0098] The function of the energy storage module 51 is to store a certain amount of energy, which is usually achieved through energy storage devices such as batteries or supercapacitors. These energy storage devices can quickly respond to fluctuations in system power demand. When the instantaneous power demand of the load exceeds the capacity of the long-term power supply module 11, the energy storage module 51 can quickly release the stored energy to provide additional power support for the power bus 13, ensuring that the instantaneous power demand of the load is met.

[0099] As the core control module, the charge-discharge module 52 is responsible for managing the charging and discharging process of the energy storage module 51. According to the current load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module 11, the charge-discharge module 52 can intelligently switch the working mode. In the discharge mode, the charge-discharge module 52 enables the energy storage module 51 to release the stored energy to the power bus 13 to cope with the instantaneous power demand of the load. If the load demand is greater than the capacity of the long-time power supply module 11, or when the load suddenly increases, the energy provided by the energy storage module 51 will act as a "buffer" to ensure that the power bus 13 will not be short of power. On the other hand, when the system power demand decreases or the instantaneous power of the load is less than the output power of the long-time power supply module 11, the charge-discharge module 52 can work in the charging mode. In this mode, the charge-discharge module 52 will obtain excess energy from the power bus 13 and store it in the energy storage module 51. In this way, the system can use excess electric energy to charge the energy storage module 51 when the load demand is low, providing sufficient reserves for the instantaneous power demand that may occur in the future.

[0100] It can be seen that in this embodiment, the peak compensation module 12 can dynamically adjust the supply and recovery of energy according to the changes in load demand and the state of the long-term power supply module 11, ensuring that the power bus 13 always has enough energy to supply the load without being affected by power fluctuations. In addition, the introduction of the energy storage module 51 enables the system to maintain stability when the power demand fluctuates, reduces the pressure of the system's load fluctuations on the power module, and optimizes the efficiency of energy use.

[0101] like Figure 6 As shown, as an optional embodiment, the charge and discharge module 52 includes four controllable switches and a first inductor L1; the first end of the first controllable switch Q1 is connected to the output positive end of the energy storage module 51, the second end of the first controllable switch Q1 is respectively connected to the first end of the second controllable switch Q2 and the first end of the first inductor L1, the second end of the first inductor L1 is respectively connected to the first end of the third controllable switch Q3 and the first end of the fourth controllable switch Q4, the second end of the third controllable switch Q3 is connected to the input positive end of the power bus 13, and the second end of the second controllable switch Q2 is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth controllable switch Q4, the output negative end of the energy storage module 51 and the negative pole of the power bus 13.

[0102] As an optional embodiment, working in a charging mode so that the energy storage module 51 obtains energy from the power bus 13 includes: when the charge and discharge module 52 works in a charging mode and the target voltage of the energy storage module 51 is less than the voltage of the power bus 13, the first controllable switch Q1 is turned on, the second controllable switch Q2 is turned off, and the third controllable switch Q3 and the fourth controllable switch Q4 are alternately turned on, so that the energy storage module 51 obtains energy from the power bus 13; when the charge and discharge module 52 works in a charging mode and the target voltage of the energy storage module 51 is greater than the voltage of the power bus 13, the first controllable switch Q1 is turned on, the second controllable switch Q2 is turned off, and the third controllable switch Q3 and the fourth controllable switch Q4 are alternately turned on, so that the energy storage module 51 obtains energy from the power bus 13.

[0103] As an optional embodiment, working in a discharge mode so that the energy storage module 51 provides energy for the power bus 13, including: when the charge and discharge module 52 works in the discharge mode and the target voltage of the energy storage module 51 is less than the voltage of the power bus 13, the first controllable switch Q1 and the second controllable switch Q2 are alternately turned on, the third controllable switch Q3 is turned on, and the fourth controllable switch Q4 is turned off, so that the energy storage module 51 provides energy for the power bus 13; when the charge and discharge module 52 works in the discharge mode and the target voltage of the energy storage module 51 is greater than the voltage of the power bus 13, the first controllable switch Q1 is turned on, the second controllable switch Q2 is turned off, and the third controllable switch Q3 and the fourth controllable switch Q4 are alternately turned on, so that the energy storage module 51 provides energy for the power bus 13.

[0104] As an optional embodiment, the charging and discharging module 52 is specifically used to operate in a charging mode so that the energy storage module 51 obtains energy from the power bus 13 when the current output current value of the long-time power supply module 11 is greater than the bus current value on the power bus 13, and adjusts the charging current value of the energy storage module 51 according to the current output current value and the maximum allowable output current value of the long-time power supply module 11.

[0105] In this embodiment, the working principle of the charging and discharging module 52 is to ensure that the energy storage module 51 can efficiently utilize the remaining energy in the system and adjust the charging current according to the load demand and the operating status of the power system, thereby optimizing the distribution and storage of electricity.

[0106] Specifically, when the current output current value of the long-term power supply module 11 is greater than the bus current value on the power bus 13, the charge-discharge module 52 will work in the charging mode, so that the energy storage module 51 obtains excess energy from the power bus 13 and stores it. This situation usually occurs when the load demand is lower than the output capacity of the long-term power supply module 11, and there will be a certain amount of "surplus" power. In this case, in order to avoid wasting excess energy, the charge-discharge module 52 will actively import this excess electrical energy into the energy storage module 51, so that when the load demand increases in the future or the system power demand suddenly rises, it can quickly release electricity from the stored energy to ensure the smooth operation of the system.

[0107] The control strategy of the charge-discharge module 52 also includes dynamically adjusting the charging current value of the energy storage module 51 according to the current output current value and the maximum allowable output current value of the long-time power supply module 11. By dynamically adjusting the charging current based on the system current state, the charge-discharge module 52 ensures that the energy storage module 51 can reasonably use the remaining energy for charging and fully utilizes the output current of the long-time power supply module 11.

[0108] It can be seen that in this embodiment, the charging and discharging module 52 optimizes the energy storage process through the charging current adjustment mechanism according to the output current of the long-term power supply module 11 and the actual needs of the power bus 13, ensuring that the system can maintain stable and efficient operation under various load conditions.

[0109] As an optional embodiment, the charging current value for charging the energy storage module 51 is adjusted according to the current output current value and the maximum allowable output current value of the long-time power supply module 11, including: when the current output current value is greater than the maximum allowable output current value, reducing the charging current value for charging the energy storage module 51 until the current output current value of the long-time power supply module 11 is reduced to below the maximum allowable output current value; when the current output current value is less than the maximum allowable output current value, increasing the charging current value for charging the energy storage module 51 until the current output current of the long-time power supply module 11 increases to the target output current value, and the target output current is less than the maximum allowable output current value.

[0110] In this embodiment, the charging and discharging module 52 dynamically adjusts the charging current of the energy storage module 51 according to the relationship between the current output current value of the long-term power supply module 11 and its maximum allowable output current value. The core purpose of this adjustment mechanism is to optimize the storage and distribution of electric energy and avoid overload or energy waste of the power supply system under the premise of ensuring system stability.

[0111] Specifically, when the current output current value of the long-term power supply module 11 is greater than the maximum allowable output current value, it means that the output current of the long-term power supply module 11 has approached or exceeded its designed maximum output capacity. In this case, in order to avoid overloading of the long-term power supply module 11 and ensure the safety of the power bus 13, the charge-discharge module 52 will automatically reduce the charging current value of the energy storage module 51 until the current output current value of the long-term power supply module 11 drops below the maximum allowable output current value. At this time, the long-term power supply module 11 can be restored to a safe and stable working state.

[0112] On the contrary, if the current output current value of the long-time power supply module 11 is less than its maximum allowable output current value, this means that the output capacity of the long-time power supply module 11 has not been fully utilized. In this case, the charge and discharge module 52 will appropriately increase the charging current value of the energy storage module 51 so as to store the excess electric energy in the energy storage module 51 as much as possible, thereby achieving higher energy utilization efficiency. This process will continue until the current output current value of the long-time power supply module 11 increases to the target output current value, which is less than the maximum allowable output current, thereby ensuring that the charging process is both efficient and does not exceed the maximum current limit of the system.

[0113] Through this adjustment mechanism, the charge and discharge module 52 achieves precise control of the energy storage process, forms a dynamic balance between the current output current value and the maximum allowable output current value, and ensures that the system can operate safely and stably when the current fluctuates or the load changes. This not only optimizes the efficiency of electric energy use, but also avoids the risk of overloading the power bus 13 or damaging the power supply module 11 for a long time. In addition, this adaptive adjustment of the charge and discharge module 52 also provides flexibility for the system. In the case of load changes or power demand fluctuations, it can quickly respond and maintain the stability of the system by adjusting the charging current.

[0114] In summary, the charging and discharging module 52 in this embodiment ensures that the energy storage module 51 is charged in the optimal state by real-time monitoring and adjusting the charging current, which not only maximizes the use of surplus power in the system, but also ensures that the system can be maintained within a safe operating range at any time, effectively improving the efficiency and reliability of the power supply system.

[0115] As an optional embodiment, the charging and discharging module 52 is specifically used to operate in a charging mode so that the energy storage module 51 obtains energy from the power bus 13 when the current output current value of the long-term power supply module 11 is greater than the bus current value on the power bus 13, and adjust the charging current value for charging the energy storage module 51 according to the current charging current value and the charging current threshold for charging the energy storage module 51.

[0116] In another embodiment, the charge-discharge module 52 intelligently adjusts the charging current according to the relationship between the current output current value of the long-time power supply module 11 and the bus current value of the power bus 13, and the charge-discharge module 52 dynamically adjusts the charging current according to the current charging current value and the charging current threshold. Specifically, the charging current value represents the current flowing into the energy storage module 51 during the current charging process, and the charging current threshold is a safety limit value set according to the system design and the maximum charging capacity of the energy storage module 51 (or the maximum charging current allowed by the charge-discharge module). During the charging process, the charge-discharge module 52 will compare the relationship between the current charging current value and the charging current threshold in real time to ensure that the charging current does not exceed this threshold, thereby preventing excessive load or damage to the energy storage module 51.

[0117] As an optional embodiment, the charging current value for charging the energy storage module 51 is adjusted according to the current charging current value for charging the energy storage module 51 and the charging current threshold, including: when the current charging current value for charging the energy storage module 51 is greater than the charging current threshold, the charging current value for charging the energy storage module 51 is adjusted to the charging current threshold or a target charging current that is less than the charging current threshold.

[0118] When the charging current value is lower than the charging current threshold, the charging and discharging module 52 can increase the charging current appropriately to maximize the charging efficiency of the energy storage module 51. When the current charging current value is greater than the charging current threshold, it means that the current charging current has exceeded the maximum charging current that the energy storage module 51 can safely withstand. In order to avoid overloading or damaging the energy storage module 51, the charging and discharging module 52 will adjust the charging current value to one of the following two situations: the charging current threshold (i.e., the set maximum charging current limit) or the target charging current that is less than the charging current threshold. The target charging current is usually set according to the system operation requirements, the charging state of the energy storage module 51, and safety considerations. In this case, the way in which the charging current value is adjusted to the charging current threshold or the target charging current can ensure that the system does not exceed the set safety limit and prevent the energy storage module 51 from overheating, damage, and other risks due to overcharging.

[0119] It can be seen that in this embodiment, through this dynamic adjustment mechanism based on the current charging current value and the charging current threshold, the charging and discharging module 52 can ensure that the charging process is always carried out in the optimal and safe working state; it not only improves the efficiency of the energy storage process, but also effectively protects the energy storage module 51, ensuring that the power supply system can still operate stably and safely under load fluctuations and power changes.

[0120] like Figure 7 As shown, a specific process can be: during charging, energy is replenished to the energy storage module through the charge and discharge module, and the energy comes from the long-time power supply module. The charge and discharge module analyzes the current output current of the long-time power supply module according to the voltage of the current-sharing bus, and controls the total charging output current capacity value of the charge and discharge module according to the current output current of the long-time power supply module and the voltage state of the current-sharing bus, and adjusts the output current value of the charge and discharge module to allow the long-time power supply module to maintain the maximum output current. When the current output current of the long-time power supply module exceeds the maximum output current, the charging current value of the charge and discharge module is reduced. When the current output current of the long-time power supply module is lower than the maximum output current, the charging current value of the charge and discharge module is increased. When the charging current value exceeds the maximum current value that the charge and discharge module can withstand, the charge and discharge module is allowed to charge the energy storage module with its maximum current value. When charging is completed, the charge and discharge module enters the standby state.

[0121] like Figure 5 As shown, as an optional embodiment, the peak compensation module 12 also includes: a discharge module 53, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module 51, and whose output end is connected to the power bus 13, and the discharge module 53 is configured to determine that the energy storage module 51 is turned on when providing energy to the power bus 13 according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module 11.

[0122] In this embodiment, the peak compensation module 12 includes a discharge module 53, whose function is to determine when to allow the energy storage module 51 to release the stored energy to the power bus 13 to support the power demand of the load based on the system load demand and the working status of the long-time power supply module 11.

[0123] Specifically, the working principle of the discharge module 53 is as follows: the input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module 51, and the energy accumulated by the energy storage module 51 in the charging mode is transmitted to the power bus 13 through the discharge module 53 to provide the required energy for the load; the output end is connected to the power bus 13, which means that the energy from the energy storage module 51 can be released to the power bus 13 to supply the load; this release process is usually carried out when the instantaneous power demand of the load exceeds the output capacity of the long-term power supply module 11, so as to supplement the additional power gap and ensure the stable operation of the load.

[0124] The discharge module 53 makes intelligent decisions based on the real-time needs of the system. When the load demand is greater than the output capacity of the long-term power supply module 11, the discharge module 53 will be turned on, allowing the energy storage module 51 to release energy to meet the additional power demand. Specifically, if the instantaneous power required by the load is greater than the power provided by the long-term power supply module 11, the discharge module 53 will start to work and release the stored energy to the power bus 13 to fill this power gap.

[0125] like Figure 8 As shown, as an optional embodiment, the discharge module 53 includes four controllable switches and a second inductor L2; the first end of the fifth controllable switch Q5 is connected to the output positive end of the energy storage module 51, the second end of the fifth controllable switch Q5 is respectively connected to the first end of the sixth controllable switch Q6 and the first end of the second inductor L2, the second end of the second inductor L2 is respectively connected to the first end of the seventh controllable switch Q7 and the first end of the eighth controllable switch Q8, the second end of the seventh controllable switch Q7 is connected to the input positive end of the power bus 13, and the second end of the sixth controllable switch Q6 is respectively connected to the second end of the eighth controllable switch Q8, the output negative end of the energy storage module 51 and the negative pole of the power bus 13.

[0126] In this embodiment, when the charge-discharge module 52 operates in the discharge mode and the target voltage of the energy storage module 51 is less than the voltage of the power bus 13, the fifth controllable switch Q5 and the sixth controllable switch Q6 are alternately turned on, the seventh controllable switch Q7 is turned on, and the eighth controllable switch Q8 is turned off, so that the energy storage module 51 provides energy for the power bus 13;

[0127] When the charge and discharge module 52 operates in the discharge mode and the target voltage of the energy storage module 51 is greater than the voltage of the power bus 13, the fifth controllable switch Q5 is turned on, the sixth controllable switch Q6 is turned off, and the seventh controllable switch Q7 and the eighth controllable switch Q8 are alternately turned on, so that the energy storage module 51 provides energy to the power bus 13.

[0128] As an optional embodiment, the discharge module 53 is specifically used to turn on when the current output current value of the long-term power supply module 11 is less than the bus current value on the power bus 13, so that the energy storage module 51 provides a first discharge current to the power bus 13 through itself; the first discharge current is determined according to the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value.

[0129] In this embodiment, when the current output current value of the long-term power supply module 11 is less than the bus current value on the power bus 13, it means that the power provided by the current long-term power supply module 11 is insufficient to meet the actual power demand of the bus. At this time, the discharge module 53 will be triggered to conduct, thereby allowing the energy storage module 51 to release energy to supplement this power gap.

[0130] After being turned on, the energy storage module 51 provides a first discharge current to the power bus 13 through the discharge module 53. The magnitude of the first discharge current is determined according to the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value of the long-time power supply module 11. Specifically, the bus current value represents the current actually required on the power bus 13, while the current output current value of the long-time power supply module 11 represents the current that it can currently provide. When there is a difference between the two, the discharge module 53 determines how much current to release according to the difference, thereby ensuring that the power bus 13 can meet the power requirements of the load.

[0131] This embodiment can dynamically balance the instantaneous power demand of the load and the output capacity of the long-term power supply module 11. Through the discharge of the energy storage module 51, it can ensure the stability and reliability of the system at the peak of the instantaneous power demand of the load, while avoiding overload of the long-term power supply module 11, thereby protecting the overall operation safety and efficiency of the system.

[0132] As an optional embodiment, the charge and discharge module 52 is specifically used to operate in a discharge mode when the current output current value of the long-term power supply module 11 is less than the bus current value on the power bus 13, and the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value is greater than a first threshold value, so that the energy storage module 51 provides a first discharge current to the power bus 13 through the discharge module 53, and provides a second discharge current to the power bus 13 through the charge and discharge module 52; the second discharge current is determined according to the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value.

[0133] In this embodiment, when the current output current value of the long-term power supply module 11 is less than the bus current value on the power bus 13, it means that the long-term power supply module 11 fails to provide sufficient current to meet the load demand. Further, if the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value is greater than a first threshold, the system will start the operation of the charge-discharge module 52. At this time, the charge-discharge module 52 will work in the discharge mode and cooperate with the discharge module 53 to start two discharge circuits to provide additional energy for the power bus 13.

[0134] In the discharge mode, the energy storage module 51 provides a first discharge current to the power bus 13 through the discharge module 53, and provides a second discharge current to the power bus 13 through the charge-discharge module 52. These two current loops work independently and jointly provide energy to the bus, thereby meeting the power demand of the load.

[0135] Through these two discharge circuits (i.e., the discharge module 53 and the charge-discharge module 52), the system can provide sufficient energy support in a short period of time, especially when the instantaneous power demand is high, it can achieve a rapid response to fluctuations in load power demand, and ensure that the system can still provide sufficient power support when the load suddenly increases, thereby improving the stability, reliability and efficiency of the power supply system.

[0136] like Figure 5 As shown, as an optional embodiment, the peak compensation module 12 also includes: an auxiliary module 54, whose input end is connected to the energy storage module 51, and whose output end is connected to the power bus 13, and a charging path is provided in the auxiliary module 54; the auxiliary module 54 is configured to provide a charging path when the energy storage module 51 obtains energy from the power bus 13 and the charge and discharge module 52 stops working, so that the long-time power supply module 11 provides energy to the energy storage module 51 through the power bus 13 and the charging path.

[0137] In this embodiment, the peak compensation module 12 also includes an auxiliary module 54, which is mainly used to ensure that the energy storage module 51 can still be charged under certain circumstances to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system.

[0138] Specifically, under normal circumstances, the energy storage module 51 can obtain energy from the power bus 13 to support peak load demand or provide energy support when the output of the long-term power supply module 11 is insufficient. However, when the system fails or is abnormal, the normal charging and discharging path may not work (for example, the charging and discharging module 52 fails or shuts down), and a backup plan is needed to ensure that the energy storage module 51 can still obtain the necessary charging.

[0139] That is, when the charge and discharge module 52 stops working, the auxiliary module 54 will come into play. The input end of the auxiliary module 54 is connected to the energy storage module 51, and the output end is connected to the power bus 13. At this time, the auxiliary module 54 will provide a charging path for the energy storage module 51. The long-term power supply module 11 will provide energy to the energy storage module 51 through the power bus 13 and the auxiliary module 54. Specifically, the long-term power supply module 11 transmits energy to the energy storage module 51 through the power bus 13, so that even if the charge and discharge module 52 cannot work, the energy storage module 51 can still continue to charge and store energy to provide backup power support for the system.

[0140] By adding an auxiliary module 54 to the peak compensation module 12, this embodiment can provide a charging path for the energy storage module 51 when the charge-discharge module 52 fails or stops working, thereby ensuring that the energy storage module 51 is charged in time.

[0141] As an optional embodiment, the charging path in the auxiliary module 54 includes: a first path and a second path; the first end of the first path is respectively connected to the output end of the energy storage module 51 and the first end of the second path, and the second end of the first path is respectively connected to the power bus 13 and the second end of the second path, and the resistance of the first path when it is turned on is greater than the resistance of the second path when it is turned on; the first path is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module 51 obtains energy from the power bus 13, and to be cut off when its own conduction time reaches a preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module 51 reaches a first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module 11 charges the energy storage module 51 through the power bus 13 and the first path; the second path is configured to be cut off when the first path is turned on, and to be turned on when the conduction time of the first path reaches a preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module 51 reaches a first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module 11 charges the energy storage module 51 through the power bus 13 and the second path.

[0142] In this embodiment, the charging path in the auxiliary module 54 includes a first path and a second path, which is intended to achieve gradual charging of the energy storage module 51 through different resistance values ​​and conduction modes, so as to optimize the charging process and improve the charging efficiency.

[0143] When the energy storage module 51 needs to obtain energy from the power bus 13, the first path is turned on. The resistance of the first path is relatively large, and its main function is to pre-charge the energy storage module 51 at a slower charging rate. This method reduces the sudden increase of current and avoids the impact on the power bus 13 or the energy storage module 51, and is suitable for the initial charging stage. At this time, the charging current is small and the current gradually stabilizes.

[0144] The first path will be cut off under the following two conditions: the conduction time reaches the preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module 51 reaches the first preset value, that is, the first path automatically stops charging after being conducted for a fixed period of time, or when the voltage of the energy storage module 51 reaches the preset first threshold value, the first path is automatically cut off and the charging process enters the next stage.

[0145] When the first path is cut off, the second path will start to conduct. Different from the first path, the second path has a smaller resistance, so it can provide a higher charging current, which is suitable for the fast charging stage. The function of the second path is to quickly complete the charging of the energy storage module 51 through a larger current, thereby improving the charging efficiency.

[0146] The resistance of the first path is greater than that of the second path, which means that in the charging stage of the first path, the charging current is small, ensuring that the energy storage module 51 gradually receives electrical energy and will not be damaged or overloaded due to excessive current. After the second path is turned on, due to its smaller resistance, the current increases rapidly, effectively improving the charging rate and accelerating the charging of the energy storage module 51. Through this gradual charging method, the charging process can be optimized and efficiency can be improved while ensuring charging safety. The first path, as a pre-charging channel, helps to smoothly start the charging process, while the second path, as a fast charging channel, ensures that the energy storage module 51 can quickly reach the operating voltage to meet the load requirements.

[0147] In summary, in this embodiment, a two-stage charging process is formed by setting the first path and the second path and controlling the conduction and cutoff of the paths. The first path provides a smaller charging current to ensure the stability of the initial charging process; while the second path provides a larger charging current to improve the charging efficiency and ensure that the energy storage module 51 can be charged in a short time. This design not only optimizes the charging process, but also ensures the stability and efficiency of the system under different working conditions.

[0148] like Fig. 9As shown, as an optional embodiment, the first path includes a first switch K1 and a first resistor element R1, and the second path includes a second switch K2; the first resistor element R1 is connected in series with the first switch K1, and the first end of the series connection is respectively connected to the output end of the energy storage module 51 and the first end of the second switch K2, and the second end of the series connection is respectively connected to the power bus 13 and the second end of the second switch K2; the first switch K1 is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module 51 obtains energy from the power bus 13 and the charge-discharge module 52 stops working (the switch closing and switch turning on described in the following embodiments are different). The second switch K2 is configured to be disconnected when the first switch K1 is turned on, and to be turned on when the on time of the first switch K1 reaches the preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module 51 reaches the first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module 11 charges the energy storage module 51 through the power bus 13, the first switch K1 and the first resistor element R1; the second switch K2 is configured to be disconnected when the first switch K1 is turned on, and to be turned on when the on time of the first switch K1 reaches the preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module 51 reaches the first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module 11 charges the energy storage module 51 through the power bus 13 and the second switch K2.

[0149] In this embodiment, the first path includes a first switch K1 and a first resistor element R1, wherein the first resistor element R1 is connected in series with the first switch K1. This series structure ensures that the current can be limited by the resistance when passing through the first resistor element R1, thereby ensuring a smooth transition of the charging process. The second path includes a second switch K2, and is complementary to the first path during the charging process. The function of the second switch K2 is to switch according to the state of the first switch K1 to ensure that different stages of the charging process are carried out through different paths.

[0150] The closing condition of the first switch K1 is: when the charging and discharging module 52 stops working and the energy storage module 51 needs to obtain energy from the power bus 13, the first switch K1 is closed, allowing the current to pass through the first resistor element R1 to charge the energy storage module 51. When the closing time of the first switch K1 has reached the set maximum charging time or when the voltage of the energy storage module 51 reaches the set threshold, the first switch K1 is disconnected. Ensure that the charging process when the first switch K1 is closed is carried out at a slower rate (the current is limited by the first resistor element R1).

[0151] When the first switch K1 is closed, the second switch K2 is opened, ensuring that the current is charged only through the first path, avoiding current conflicts caused by the current flowing through two paths at the same time. When the first switch K1 is opened (that is, after the first path is charged), the second switch K2 is closed. At this time, the charging current flows to the energy storage module 51 through the second path. The design of the second path provides a lower resistance, which can accelerate the charging process and enable the energy storage module 51 to complete charging quickly. Fig. 9The first switch K1 and the second switch K2 can be controlled by the switching unit control module.

[0152] In this embodiment, due to the presence of the first resistor element R1, the initial charging current is limited to a smaller value, which helps to avoid damage to the battery caused by over-fast charging at the initial stage of charging and ensures that the energy storage module 51 receives electrical energy smoothly. Once the first path completes the initial charging, the second path begins to provide a larger charging current to quickly complete the remaining charging task. This staged charging method can improve charging efficiency and reduce the risk of overcharging the battery.

[0153] As an optional embodiment, the second switch K2 is specifically used to be disconnected when the first switch K1 is turned on, to be turned on and operate in the linear region when the conduction time of the first switch K1 reaches a preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module 51 reaches a first preset value, and to operate in the amplification region when the voltage of the energy storage module 51 reaches a second preset value; the second preset value is greater than the first preset value and less than the voltage on the power bus 13.

[0154] In this optional embodiment, when the second switch K2 is closed, it first enters the linear region. In the linear region, the increase in charging current is linear, that is, the charging current gradually increases over time, avoiding sudden changes in the charging current and reducing the burden on the battery and the circuit. The current increment at this time is slow and controllable, which is suitable for providing a stable power replenishment for the energy storage module 51. When the voltage of the energy storage module 51 continues to increase and reaches the set second preset value, the working mode of the second switch K2 is switched to the amplification region. At this time, the second switch K2 will be able to support a larger charging current, further accelerating the charging process. The second preset value is greater than the first preset value, but less than the voltage on the power bus 13. This setting can ensure that the voltage difference during the charging process will not be too large, avoiding instability caused by high current shocks.

[0155] During the charging process, a large impact current may be generated due to the voltage difference between the power bus 13 and the energy storage module 51. By designing the working mode of the second switch K2 to be a gradual transition, especially when working in the linear region, the second switch K2 can control the current to gradually increase, avoiding the sudden impact current caused by the excessive voltage difference. When the charging process is near the end, entering the amplification region can provide fast charging with a large current, and at the same time, due to the gradual transition of the voltage difference, the impact current is still effectively controlled.

[0156] The first preset value is set to a lower voltage value. When the voltage of the energy storage module 51 reaches this value, the second switch K2 starts to work and performs linear charging with a lower current. This can avoid excessive current shock during the initial charging of the battery and protect the battery from damage. The second preset value is set to be higher than the first preset value, but lower than the voltage of the power bus 13, so that when the battery voltage is close to the power supply voltage, the charging process can transition smoothly and avoid the sudden release of large current. The setting of this value avoids the impact current caused by charging too quickly when the battery voltage is still far below the power supply voltage.

[0157] In this embodiment, through the design of this progressive working mode, the second switch K2 ensures that the current in the charging process gradually increases without generating excessive current fluctuations at different charging stages. The transition from the first preset value to the second preset value causes the charging current to gradually increase, while reducing the excessive current in the initial charging stage and the current shock that may occur in the later fast charging process.

[0158] like Fig.10 The switching unit control module may include a K1 drive unit (used to drive K1), a K2 drive unit (used to drive K2), a K3 drive unit (used to drive K3), an energy storage module voltage detection (used to detect the voltage of the energy storage module 51), an energy storage module port current (used to detect the port current of the energy storage module 51), a power bus 13 voltage detection (used to detect the voltage of the power bus 13), and a communication module (used to communicate with other modules).

[0159] like Fig.11 A specific workflow is as follows: the communication module communicates with the fault management module in real time to transmit the fault status of the charging and discharging module and the discharging module; when an abnormality is detected in the charging and discharging module, the K1 driving unit controls K1 to close, and the energy storage module is charged through K1 and R1 in the auxiliary module. Through the voltage detection of the energy storage module and the voltage detection of the power bus, when the voltage difference between the energy storage module voltage and the power bus is less than the difference threshold, the K2 driving unit controls K2 to close, and measures the current at the energy storage module port, first controls K2 to work in the linear region, and then controls K2 to gradually work in the amplification region. When K2 works in the amplification region, the energy storage module directly charges the power bus directly through K2.

[0160] As an optional embodiment, a discharge path is also provided in the auxiliary module 54, and the auxiliary module 54 is also configured to provide a discharge path when the energy storage module 51 provides energy to the power bus 13 and the discharge module 53 stops working, so that the energy storage module 51 provides energy to the power bus 13 through the discharge path.

[0161] If the discharge module 53 in the system fails to work properly due to a fault or other reasons, this will usually result in the inability to provide energy from the energy storage module 51 to the power bus 13 through the discharge module 53.

[0162] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the continuous power supply of the power bus 13, in the case of failure of the discharge module 53, the auxiliary module 54 provides a backup discharge path, thereby realizing the energy transmission from the energy storage module 51 to the power bus 13. That is, the function of the auxiliary module 54 is expanded to provide a discharge path under specific circumstances to ensure that when the discharge module 53 stops working (for example, a failure or abnormality occurs), the energy storage module 51 can still provide energy to the power bus 13 through other channels. When the discharge module 53 stops working, the discharge path of the auxiliary module 54 takes over this function, ensuring that energy flows from the energy storage module 51 to the power bus 13, and will not affect the stability of the power system.

[0163] In this situation, the energy storage module 51 is still in operation and is ready to provide necessary energy to the power bus 13. When the discharge module 53 stops working, the discharge path provided by the auxiliary module 54 ensures that the system can continue to supply energy without the discharge module 53.

[0164] In order to ensure the stability and safety of energy transmission, the discharge path may be equipped with overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection and other measures to prevent abnormal current or voltage fluctuations during the discharge process.

[0165] The design of the auxiliary module 54 adds a redundancy mechanism to the system, ensuring that the system can still be powered normally even if a key component such as the discharge module 53 fails. This redundant design avoids power interruption or instability caused by a single component failure, greatly enhancing the overall reliability of the system.

[0166] As an optional embodiment, the discharge path in the auxiliary module 54 includes: a third path, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module 51, and whose output end is connected to the power bus 13, and the third path is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module 51 provides energy to the power bus 13 and the discharge module 53 stops working.

[0167] In this optional embodiment, the discharge path of the auxiliary module 54 includes a third path. The purpose of designing this path is to ensure that when the discharge module 53 stops working, the energy storage module 51 can provide necessary energy to the power bus 13 through this path, so as to maintain the normal operation of the system.

[0168] The third path is used to ensure that the energy storage module 51 continues to provide energy to the power bus 13 when the discharge module 53 stops working. This path provides a backup energy transmission path to avoid power interruption caused by failure of the discharge module 53, thereby enhancing the reliability of the system.

[0169] The third path can be the same path as the second path mentioned in the above embodiment. Specifically, in the second half of the charging stage, the path charges the energy storage module 51, and in the discharging stage, the path is used to provide energy to the power bus 13. In this way, the path plays multiple roles in the system design, being both a charging circuit and a discharging circuit, further simplifying the circuit design.

[0170] In this embodiment, through the design of the third path, the system can quickly switch to the backup path when the discharge module 53 fails, ensuring that the system can maintain power supply at critical moments and avoid shutdown or instability. This redundant design effectively improves the reliability and fault tolerance of the system.

[0171] like Fig. 9 As shown, as an optional embodiment, the third path includes a third switch, a first end of which is connected to the output end of the energy storage module 51, and a second end of which is connected to the power bus 13, and the third switch is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module 51 provides energy to the power bus 13 and the discharge module 53 stops working.

[0172] In this embodiment, the third path includes a third switch (in a specific embodiment, the third switch and the second switch K2 are the same switch). The function of the third switch is to ensure that the energy storage module 51 can continue to provide energy to the power bus 13 when the discharge module 53 stops working. When it is detected that the discharge module 53 stops working abnormally, the third switch will automatically close to form an effective current path, so that the energy storage module 51 supplies power to the power bus 13 through the third path, ensuring the normal operation of the system and avoiding power supply interruption due to the failure of the discharge module 53.

[0173] As an optional embodiment, the auxiliary module 54 also includes: an energy release circuit, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module 51, and whose output end is connected to the power bus 13. The energy release circuit is configured to be turned on when the current output current of the long-term power supply module 11 is zero and the energy storage module 51 provides energy to the power bus 13 through the discharge path or the discharge module 53, if the load connected to the power bus 13 completes the preset task, until the voltage of the energy storage module 51 is less than the voltage threshold.

[0174] In this embodiment, the auxiliary module 54 also includes an energy release circuit, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module 51, and whose output end is connected to the power bus 13. The function of the energy release circuit is to allow the energy storage module 51 to release the remaining energy to the power bus 13 under certain conditions. Specifically, when the current output current of the long-term power supply module 11 is zero, and the energy storage module 51 has provided energy to the power bus 13 through the discharge path or the discharge module 53, if the load connected to the power bus 13 completes the preset task (such as the load demand has been met), if there is a demand for releasing the energy of the energy storage module, the energy release circuit will be turned on to release the remaining electric energy of the energy storage module 51 until the voltage of the energy storage module 51 drops below the set voltage threshold.

[0175] like Fig. 9 As shown, as an optional embodiment, the energy release circuit includes a second resistor element R2 and a fourth switch K3; the first end of the second resistor element R2 is connected to the output end of the energy storage module 51, the second end of the second resistor element R2 is connected to the first end of the fourth switch K3, and the second end of the fourth switch K3 is connected to the power bus 13; the fourth switch K3 is configured to be turned on when the current output current of the long-term power supply module 11 is zero and the energy storage module 51 provides energy to the power bus 13 through the discharge path or the discharge module 53, if the load connected to the power bus 13 completes the preset task, until the voltage of the energy storage module 51 is disconnected when it is less than the voltage threshold.

[0176] In this embodiment, the energy release circuit includes a second resistor element R2 and a fourth switch K3, which functions to release the residual energy and release the energy from the energy storage module 51 to the power bus 13 under certain conditions.

[0177] The second resistor element R2 ensures that when the energy storage module 51 has residual energy, the energy is gradually released through the resistor element. The main function of the fourth switch K3 is to control the timing of energy release. It will close after the current output current of the long-term power supply module 11 is zero and the energy storage module 51 has provided energy to the power bus 13 through the discharge path or the discharge module 53. At this time, if the load connected to the power bus 13 has completed the preset task (for example, the load no longer needs electricity or the work is completed), the fourth switch K3 will close and start to release the remaining energy through the second resistor element R2.

[0178] When the voltage of the energy storage module 51 drops below a preset voltage threshold, the fourth switch K3 will automatically disconnect and stop releasing energy to prevent over-discharge, thereby protecting the energy storage module 51 from damage.

[0179] This embodiment can safely release excess electrical energy after the load completes its task, thereby optimizing the overall energy efficiency and the safety of system operation.

[0180] like Fig.12 A specific process is as follows: the communication module communicates with the fault management module in real time to transmit the fault status of the charging and discharging module and the discharging module; when it is detected that both the charging and discharging module and the discharging module are abnormal, the voltage of the energy storage module is detected to be less than the voltage difference of the power bus, and the difference between the two voltages is not less than 0.1V (here is only a specific embodiment, not limited to this implementation); the K1 driving unit controls K1 to be closed, and the energy storage module is slowly charged; when the difference between the voltage of the energy storage module and the voltage of the power bus is less than 0.1V, K2 is controlled to be closed, and K2 first works in the linear region and then works in the amplification region; when the voltage of the energy storage module is higher than the voltage of the power bus, K3 is controlled to be closed by the K3 driving unit, and the energy storage module is slowly discharged; when the difference between the voltage of the energy storage module and the voltage of the power bus is less than 0.1V, K2 is controlled to be closed, and K2 first works in the linear region and then works in the amplification region; when K2 is fully turned on, the energy storage module is directly discharged to the power bus through K2.

[0181] like Fig.13 As shown, the process of releasing the energy in the energy storage module 51 is as follows: when power is off, a system shutdown signal is detected; the discharge module is turned on, and all energy is uniformly provided by the energy storage module; the energy storage module releases energy to the power bus through the discharge module to ensure the working requirements of all loads in the entire cabinet when power is off; when power is off, all tasks of the load are completed, and the energy storage module still has energy; disconnect K2 and K1 at the same time; close K3; discharge the energy storage module through R2; and the energy storage module is automatically closed after the voltage is lower than the threshold.

[0182] like Figure 5 As shown, as an optional embodiment, the peak compensation module 12 also includes: a fault management module 55, whose input end is connected to the energy storage module 51, and whose output end is respectively connected to the input end of the charging and discharging module 52, the input end of the discharging module 53 and the input end of the auxiliary module 54, and the fault management module 55 is configured to disconnect the connection between its own input end and its own output end when the energy storage module 51 is abnormal, the charging and discharging module 52 is abnormal, the discharging module 53 is abnormal, or the auxiliary module 54 is abnormal.

[0183] In this embodiment, the peak compensation module 12 further includes a fault management module 55, which is used to monitor the faults of various submodules in the system and take corresponding protection measures when an abnormality occurs to ensure the stability and safety of the system.

[0184] The fault management module 55 monitors the working status of the energy storage module 51 in real time. If an abnormality (such as overvoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, etc.) is detected in the energy storage module 51, the fault management module 55 can respond in time and take disconnection measures to prevent the fault from expanding or affecting the safe operation of the entire system.

[0185] The fault management module 55 will disconnect the charging and discharging module 52 or the discharging module 53 in time when the auxiliary module 54 is abnormal. When the charging and discharging module 52 or the discharging module 53 or the auxiliary module 54 fails (for example, the charging and discharging module 52 cannot work normally, or the discharging module 53 cannot work normally, or the auxiliary module 54 is short-circuited or open-circuited, etc.), the fault management module 55 will automatically disconnect it from the system to prevent the fault from spreading and ensure that other parts of the system are not affected.

[0186] The fault management module 55 ensures the stable operation of key components such as the energy storage module 51, the charge and discharge module 52 and the auxiliary module 54 by real-time monitoring and timely response. When an abnormality occurs, it will immediately disconnect the connection between its input and output terminals, thereby achieving rapid protection and preventing the fault from extending to other system parts or affecting the normal operation of the entire system.

[0187] In a second aspect, the present application provides a server, comprising the power supply circuit as described above.

[0188] For other introductions to the server, please refer to the above embodiments, and this application will not go into details here.

[0189] In the third aspect, the present application provides a timing control method, which is applied to the above-mentioned power supply circuit, and the timing control method includes: controlling the long-time power supply module to transform the power on the input bus according to the load demand of the power bus to provide energy for the power bus; obtaining the working status of the long-time power supply module; according to the load demand and the working status of the long-time power supply module, controlling the peak compensation module to provide energy for the power bus, or obtaining energy from the power bus.

[0190] As an optional embodiment, according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module, the peak compensation module is controlled to provide energy to the power bus, or obtain energy from the power bus, including: according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module, the charge and discharge module is controlled to operate in a discharge mode so that the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus; or, the charge and discharge module is controlled to operate in a charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus.

[0191] As an optional embodiment, the charging and discharging module is controlled to operate in a charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus, including: when the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is greater than the bus current value on the power bus, the charging and discharging module is controlled to operate in a charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus; and the charging current value for charging the energy storage module is adjusted according to the current output current value and the maximum allowable output current value of the long-time power supply module.

[0192] As an optional embodiment, the charging current value for charging the energy storage module is adjusted according to the current output current value and the maximum allowable output current value of the long-time power supply module, including: when the current output current value is greater than the maximum allowable output current value, reducing the charging current value for charging the energy storage module until the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is reduced to below the maximum allowable output current value; when the current output current value is less than the maximum allowable output current value, increasing the charging current value for charging the energy storage module until the current output current of the long-time power supply module increases to the target output current value, and the target output current is less than the maximum allowable output current value.

[0193] As an optional embodiment, the charge and discharge module is controlled to operate in a charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus, including: when the current output current value of the long-term power supply module is greater than the bus current value on the power bus, the charge and discharge module is controlled to operate in a charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus; and the charging current value for charging the energy storage module is adjusted according to the current charging current value and the charging current threshold for charging the energy storage module.

[0194] As an optional embodiment, the charging current value for charging the energy storage module is adjusted according to the current charging current value for charging the energy storage module and the charging current threshold, including: when the current charging current value for charging the energy storage module is greater than the charging current threshold, the charging current value for charging the energy storage module is adjusted to the charging current threshold or a target charging current that is less than the charging current threshold.

[0195] As an optional embodiment, according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module, the peak compensation module is controlled to provide energy to the power bus, including: when the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is less than the bus current value on the power bus, the first discharge current is determined according to the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value; the discharge module is controlled to be turned on so that the energy storage module provides the first discharge current to the power bus through the discharge module.

[0196] As an optional embodiment, the charge and discharge module is controlled to operate in a discharge mode so that the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus, including: when the current output current value of the long-term power supply module is less than the bus current value on the power bus, and the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value is greater than a first threshold value, the charge and discharge module is controlled to operate in a discharge mode; the second discharge current is determined according to the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value and the first discharge current; and the energy storage module is controlled to provide the second discharge current to the power bus through the charge and discharge module.

[0197] For an introduction to the timing control method, please refer to the above embodiments, and this application will not go into details here.

[0198] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0199] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that: Applicable to servers, including: A power bus, an output end of which is connected to a load, and the power bus is configured to provide energy to the load; A long-time power supply module, whose input end is connected to the input bus and whose output end is connected to the power bus, wherein the long-time power supply module is configured to transform the power on the input bus according to the load demand on the power bus to provide energy to the power bus; A peak compensation module, whose output end is connected to the power bus, is configured to provide energy to the power bus or obtain energy from the power bus according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module.

2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peak compensation module comprises: an energy storage module configured to store energy; A charge and discharge module, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, and whose output end is connected to the power bus. The charge and discharge module is configured to work in a discharge mode so that the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus, or in a charge mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus, according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module.

3. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The charging and discharging module includes four controllable switches and a first inductor; The first end of the first controllable switch is connected to the output positive end of the energy storage module, the second end of the first controllable switch is respectively connected to the first end of the second controllable switch and the first end of the first inductor, the second end of the first inductor is respectively connected to the first end of the third controllable switch and the first end of the fourth controllable switch, the second end of the third controllable switch is connected to the input positive end of the power bus, and the second end of the second controllable switch is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth controllable switch, the output negative end of the energy storage module and the input negative end of the power bus.

4. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The peak compensation module also includes: A discharge module, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, and whose output end is connected to the power bus, wherein the discharge module is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus according to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module.

5. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge module includes four controllable switches and a second inductor; The first end of the fifth controllable switch is connected to the output positive end of the energy storage module, the second end of the fifth controllable switch is respectively connected to the first end of the sixth controllable switch and the first end of the second inductor, the second end of the second inductor is respectively connected to the first end of the seventh controllable switch and the first end of the eighth controllable switch, the second end of the seventh controllable switch is connected to the input positive end of the power bus, and the second end of the sixth controllable switch is respectively connected to the second end of the eighth controllable switch, the output negative end of the energy storage module and the input negative end of the power bus.

6. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The peak compensation module also includes: an auxiliary module, whose input end is connected to the energy storage module, whose output end is connected to the power bus, and wherein a charging path is provided in the auxiliary module; The auxiliary module is configured to enable the long-time power supply module to provide energy to the energy storage module through the power bus and the charging path when the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus and the charging and discharging module stops working.

7. The power supply circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The charging path in the auxiliary module includes: a first path and a second path; The first end of the first path is connected to the output end of the energy storage module and the first end of the second path respectively, the second end of the first path is connected to the power bus and the second end of the second path respectively, and the resistance value of the first path when it is turned on is greater than the resistance value of the second path when it is turned on; The first path is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus, and to be turned off when its own conduction time reaches a preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module reaches a first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module charges the energy storage module through the power bus and the first path; The second path is configured to be cut off when the first path is turned on, and to be turned on when the conduction time of the first path reaches the preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module reaches the first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module charges the energy storage module through the power bus and the second path.

8. The power supply circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first path includes a first switch and a first resistance element, and the second path includes a second switch; The first resistor element is connected in series with the first switch, and the first ends of the series connection are respectively connected to the output end of the energy storage module and the first end of the second switch, and the second ends of the series connection are respectively connected to the power bus and the second end of the second switch; The first switch is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus and the charging and discharging module stops working, and to be turned off when its own conduction time reaches the preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module reaches the first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module charges the energy storage module through the power bus, the first switch and the first resistor element; The second switch is configured to be disconnected when the first switch is turned on, and to be turned on when the on-time of the first switch reaches the preset time or the voltage of the energy storage module reaches the first preset value, so that the long-time power supply module charges the energy storage module through the power bus and the second switch.

9. The power supply circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: A discharge path is also provided in the auxiliary module, and the auxiliary module is further configured to enable the energy storage module to provide energy to the power bus through the discharge path when the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus and when the discharge module stops working.

10. The power supply circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The discharge path in the auxiliary module includes: a third path, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, and whose output end is connected to the power bus, and the third path is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus and the discharge module stops working.

11. The power supply circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The third path includes a third switch, a first end of which is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, and a second end of which is connected to the power bus. The third switch is configured to be turned on when the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus and the discharge module stops working.

12. The power supply circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The auxiliary module also includes: An energy release circuit, whose input end is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, and whose output end is connected to the power bus. The energy release circuit is configured to be turned on when the current output current of the long-term power supply module is zero and the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus through the discharge path or the discharge module, if the load connected to the power bus completes a preset task, until the voltage of the energy storage module is less than a voltage threshold.

13. The power supply circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that: The energy release loop includes a second resistance element and a fourth switch; The first end of the second resistor element is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, the second end of the second resistor element is connected to the first end of the fourth switch, and the second end of the fourth switch is connected to the power bus; The fourth switch is configured to be turned on when the current output current of the long-time power supply module is zero and the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus through the discharge path or the discharge module, if the load connected to the power bus completes a preset task, and to be disconnected when the voltage of the energy storage module is less than a voltage threshold.

14. The power supply circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The peak compensation module also includes: A fault management module, whose input end is connected to the energy storage module, and whose output end is respectively connected to the input end of the charging and discharging module, the input end of the discharging module and the input end of the auxiliary module, wherein the fault management module is configured to disconnect the connection between its own input end and its own output end when the energy storage module is abnormal, the charging and discharging module is abnormal, the discharging module is abnormal or the auxiliary module is abnormal.

15. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The number of the input busbars is at least 2, and the long-time power supply module includes: A plurality of power modules, each of which has an output end connected to the power bus, and each of which is configured to transform the power on the input bus according to the load demand on the power bus to provide energy to the power bus; A bus switching module, whose input end is connected to the output end of each of the input buses, and whose output end is connected to the input end of each of the power supply modules, wherein the bus switching module is configured to control at most one of the input buses that meets preset requirements to be connected to the power supply module.

16. The power supply circuit according to claim 15, characterized in that: The bus switching module comprises: A detection module, whose input end is connected to the output end of each of the input buses, and the detection module is configured to detect the power state of each of the input buses and send all the power states to the switching control module; The switching control module, whose input end is connected to the output end of the detection module, and whose output end is connected to the control end of the switching switch, is configured to select at most one input bus with normal power state as the target input bus according to all the power states, and send a switch control signal to the switching switch; The switching switch has an input end connected to the output end of each input bus respectively, and an output end connected to the input end of the power module. The switching switch is configured to connect the target input bus to the power module according to the switch control signal.

17. The power supply circuit according to claim 16, characterized in that: Also includes: A supporting energy body, whose output end is respectively connected to the output end of the switching switch and the input end of the power bus, and the supporting energy body is configured to provide energy to the power module when the switching switch switches the target input bus to a new target input bus.

18. A server, characterized in that: Comprising a power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1-17.

19. A timing control method, characterized in that: Applied to the power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 17, the timing control method comprises: Controlling the long-time power supply module to transform the power on the input bus according to the load demand of the power bus to provide energy for the power bus; Obtaining the working status of the long-term power supply module; According to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module, the peak compensation module is controlled to provide energy to the power bus or obtain energy from the power bus.

20. The timing control method according to claim 19, characterized in that: According to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module, controlling the peak compensation module to provide energy to the power bus or obtain energy from the power bus includes: According to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module, controlling the charge-discharge module to work in the discharge mode so that the energy storage module provides energy for the power bus; Or, control the charging and discharging module to operate in a charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus.

21. The timing control method according to claim 20, characterized in that: Controlling the charging and discharging module to operate in a charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus, comprising: When the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is greater than the bus current value on the power bus, controlling the charge-discharge module to operate in the charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus; The charging current value for charging the energy storage module is adjusted according to the current output current value and the maximum allowable output current value of the long-time power supply module.

22. The timing control method according to claim 21, characterized in that: The charging current value for charging the energy storage module is adjusted according to the current output current value and the maximum allowable output current value of the long-time power supply module, including: When the current output current value is greater than the maximum allowable output current value, reducing the charging current value for charging the energy storage module until the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is reduced to below the maximum allowable output current value; When the current output current value is less than the maximum allowable output current value, the charging current value for charging the energy storage module is increased until the current output current of the long-time power supply module increases to the target output current value, and the target output current is less than the maximum allowable output current value.

23. The timing control method according to claim 20, characterized in that: Controlling the charging and discharging module to operate in a charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus, comprising: When the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is greater than the bus current value on the power bus, controlling the charge-discharge module to operate in the charging mode so that the energy storage module obtains energy from the power bus; The charging current value for charging the energy storage module is adjusted according to the current charging current value for charging the energy storage module and the charging current threshold.

24. The timing control method according to claim 23, characterized in that: The method further comprises: adjusting the charging current value for charging the energy storage module according to the current charging current value for charging the energy storage module and the charging current threshold value, including: When the current charging current value of the energy storage module is greater than the charging current threshold, the charging current value of the energy storage module is adjusted to be the charging current threshold or a target charging current that is less than the charging current threshold.

25. The timing control method according to claim 20, characterized in that: According to the load demand and the working state of the long-time power supply module, controlling the peak compensation module to provide energy to the power bus includes: When the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is less than the bus current value on the power bus, determining the first discharge current according to the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value; The discharge module is controlled to be turned on so that the energy storage module provides the first discharge current to the power bus through the discharge module.

26. The timing control method according to claim 25, characterized in that: Controlling the charge-discharge module to operate in a discharge mode so that the energy storage module provides energy to the power bus, including: When the current output current value of the long-time power supply module is less than the bus current value on the power bus, and the difference between the bus current value and the current output current value is greater than a first threshold, controlling the charge-discharge module to operate in the discharge mode; Determine a second discharge current according to a difference between the bus current value and the current output current value and the first discharge current; The energy storage module is controlled to provide the second discharge current to the power bus through the charge and discharge module.

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