Method for preventing and controlling oil-tea camellia corner beetles through physical measures

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tea-oil tree planting, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling tea-oil tree corner beetles through physical measures. A method for preventing and controlling Camellia oleifera Abel beetles by physical measures comprises the following steps: S1, in the life cycle of Camellia oleifera Abel from November to December every year, loosening soil with the depth of 1cm in a circular area with the trunk as the center and the radius of 50cm at the root of each Camellia oleifera Abel, and then uniformly spreading 0.75-1.0 kg of Camellia oleifera shell powder on the loosened soil around the root; s2, turning the soil once in February to March of the next year. The invention provides a physical measure which is environment-friendly, low in cost and remarkable in effect, the method is used for preventing and controlling the oil-tea camellia culinaris beetles, meanwhile, the soil quality can be improved, the oil-tea camellia quality is improved, and the method has high practical value and popularization potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil-tea camellia planting, and in particular to a method for preventing and controlling oil-tea camellia horned leaf beetles through physical measures. Background Art

[0002] Camellia oleifera is the main woody oil-bearing tree species in southern my country. The tea oil extracted from the fruit of Camellia oleifera is a pure natural green health-care edible oil with good flavor, good oil quality and high nutritional value. Regular consumption can reduce blood cholesterol and is known as the "king of oils". In recent years, the country has attached great importance to the development of the camellia oleifera industry, promoted high-yield and high-quality seedlings and applicable planting techniques, and promoted the transformation of low-yield camellia oleifera forests. By 2025, the planting area of ​​camellia oleifera will reach 90 million mu, with an annual output of 2 million tons of camellia oil.

[0003] Basilepta melanopas Lefeure is a species of beetle in the Chrysomelidae family of the order Coleoptera. It harms tea leaves and has been the main pest on old tea trees in the south in recent years, sometimes causing disasters. As its adults bite the tender shoots and leaves of tea trees, the leaves are torn into irregular holes, and the larvae bite the fibrous roots of tea trees in the soil. When the damage is serious, the leaves fall prematurely, which has a great impact on the yield and quality of tea. Basilepta melanopas Lefeure has the habit of falling to the ground in a state of feigned death or hiding in the soil when frightened. General prevention and control methods are difficult to be effective, and chemical control will affect the soil and the quality of tea leaves, so it is not suitable to be used on tea leaves. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a physical method for preventing and controlling camellia horn beetles in view of the shortcomings of current technologies. This application uses the tea shells processed from existing camellia fruits, crushes them, and sieves them to obtain camellia shell powder, which can effectively prevent and control camellia horn beetles, control weed growth, improve the quality of camellia, loosen and improve the soil, have low cost, and do not pollute the environment. In particular, the composite camellia shell powder is used, which has a more ideal effect. The method of this application is simple to operate, low cost, and good effect, and is worthy of vigorous promotion.

[0005] The present application provides a method for preventing and controlling camellia hornbeams by physical measures, which adopts the following technical scheme: A method for preventing and controlling camellia hornbeams by physical measures comprises the following steps: S1. During the life cycle of the tea tree, from November to December each year, loosen the soil 1 cm deep in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea tree with the trunk as the center, and then evenly spread 0.75-1.0 kg of tea shell powder on the loosened soil around the root; S2. Turn the soil once during February and March of the following year.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, in step S1, the laying of camellia shell powder can effectively prevent the infringement of tea horn beetles, and can also control the growth of weeds. The antibacterial substances contained in the camellia shell powder can improve the growth environment of the camellia tree and improve the quality of the camellia. In addition, the camellia shell powder can also loosen the soil, improve the soil structure, and is conducive to the growth of the camellia tree. In step S2, turning the soil can make the camellia shell powder better mixed with the soil and improve its effect. At the same time, turning the soil is also conducive to the ventilation and drainage of the soil, further improving the growth environment of the camellia tree.

[0007] Preferably, in step S2, the method of turning the soil is: turning the soil to a depth of 1 cm in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea oil tree with the trunk as the center.

[0008] Preferably, in step S1, the camellia oleifera shell powder is the tea shell processed from camellia oleifera fruit, and the tea shell is crushed by a grinder and passed through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the camellia oleifera shell powder.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, the oil tea shell powder has certain antibacterial and insect repellent effects, and can effectively prevent and control the occurrence and spread of tea horn-breasted leaf beetles. The oil tea shell powder is evenly spread on the loosened soil around the roots to form a protective layer to prevent pests from invading the roots of the oil tea tree and reduce the occurrence of diseases. The components such as cellulose and lignin in the oil tea shell powder have a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of weeds. Applying it to the soil surface can reduce the germination rate and growth rate of weed seeds, thereby reducing the number and density of weeds. The oil tea shell powder is rich in organic matter and trace elements, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., which have a positive effect on the growth and development of oil tea trees. Applying it to the soil can improve soil fertility, promote the healthy growth of oil tea trees, and thus improve the quality of oil tea. The components such as cellulose and lignin in the oil tea shell powder can increase the air permeability and water retention of the soil and improve the soil structure. Applying it to the soil can make the soil more loose and breathable, which is conducive to the respiration and absorption of nutrients by the root system, and improve the fertility and productivity of the soil.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, the camellia oleifera shell powder is a composite camellia oleifera shell powder, which is prepared by mixing camellia oleifera shell powder and insecticide and antibacterial montmorillonite powder in a mass ratio of 100:2-3.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the oil tea shell powder in the composite oil tea shell powder can effectively attract and kill the tea horn chest leaf beetle, and the insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder can further prevent its reproduction and spread. The insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder is different from other disposable chemical pesticides. The insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder is a metal-type and photocatalytic insecticide. It has a long-lasting and stable insecticidal performance after entering the soil, and can effectively kill the tea horn chest leaf beetle that falls to the ground and pretends to be dead or hides in the soil due to fright. There is no need to apply it again, which greatly reduces the prevention and control cost. The combination of oil tea shell powder and insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder makes the insecticidal effect more significant, especially for the tea horn chest leaf beetle that falls to the ground and pretends to be dead or hides in the soil. The oil tea shell powder is processed from discarded oil tea fruits, with low cost and no pollution to the environment. In addition, the insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder also has the effect of retaining water and fertilizer. The high surface area and porous nature enable it to effectively absorb excess water in the soil, avoid the root rot problem caused by continuous plum rain seasons, and further reduce the incidence of root rot.

[0012] Preferably, the method for preparing insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder comprises the following steps: S51, according to the mass fractions, the dilute nitric acid solution and the 50 mesh montmorillonite powder were mixed and stirred for 1-2 hours, and then filtered and dried to obtain modified montmorillonite powder; S52. Dissolve silver nitrate and copper nitrate in water according to their mass fractions to obtain a mixed solution, then add the modified montmorillonite powder to the mixed solution, stir evenly, dropwise add phosphoric acid solution, and adjust the pH to 5-6 with ammonia water. Stir the reaction for 8-10 hours, filter, wash, dry, crush, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, a modified montmorillonite powder is obtained by mixing and stirring a dilute nitric acid solution with a 50-mesh montmorillonite powder. This step may change the structure and properties of montmorillonite, making it more suitable as a carrier of insecticides. Subsequently, a mixture of silver nitrate and copper nitrate is added, and these two metal ions have bactericidal and insecticidal effects. Under the action of phosphoric acid solution, these metal ions may form a stable complex with montmorillonite, thereby giving the montmorillonite powder a lasting insecticidal property. Montmorillonite itself has good water-holding and fertilizer-retaining properties, and can effectively absorb excess water in the soil to avoid the root rot problem caused by continuous plum rain seasons. In addition, its high surface area and porous properties also help to improve soil structure and improve soil air permeability and water retention. Efficient insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder can be prepared through simple steps without complex equipment and technical requirements. In summary, the insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder plays multiple roles in this application, including efficient insecticide, water-holding and fertilizer-retaining, cost reduction, environmental protection, and improvement of soil quality. These effects work together to improve the benefits and sustainability of oil tea planting.

[0014] Preferably, in step S51, the mass ratio of the dilute nitric acid solution to the 50-mesh montmorillonite powder is 8:3, and the mass concentration of the dilute nitric acid solution is 6-8%.

[0015] Preferably, in step S52, the mass ratio of the silver nitrate, copper nitrate and water is 1:8:800.

[0016] Preferably, in step S52, the mass ratio of the modified montmorillonite powder, the mixed solution and the phosphoric acid solution is 100:200:3.

[0017] Preferably, the mass concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 5-8%.

[0018] Preferably, the method further comprises: spreading a red and yellow film coated with adhesive under the tea tree in the morning and evening when the tea tree is in full bloom from late April to mid-May each year, and then shaking the tea tree or tapping the tree crown with a small bamboo pole, so that the adults will fall onto the film and then be eliminated in a concentrated manner.

[0019] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this application are: 1. Effectively prevent and control tea leaf beetles: By loosening the soil around the roots of the tea oil trees and spreading compound tea oil shell powder, you can effectively prevent and control tea leaf beetles and reduce damage to the tea oil trees.

[0020] 2. Control the growth of weeds: The insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder in the composite oil-tea shell powder has a long-lasting and stable insecticidal performance, and can effectively kill the tea leaf beetles that fall to the ground in suspended animation or hide in the soil due to fright, thereby controlling the growth of weeds.

[0021] 3. Improve the quality of camellia oil: The insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder in the composite camellia oil shell powder has the effect of retaining water and fertilizer. Its high surface area and porous properties enable it to effectively absorb excess water in the soil, avoiding root rot caused by continuous rainy seasons, and further reducing the incidence of root rot, thereby improving the quality of camellia oil.

[0022] 4. Loosen and improve the soil: The insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder in the composite camellia oil shell powder has the effect of loosening and improving the soil, which can increase the soil's air permeability and permeability, and promote the growth and development of the root system.

[0023] 5. Low cost and no pollution to the environment: The method of the present application utilizes the tea shells processed from existing oil-tea camellia fruits, and crushes and sieves them to obtain oil-tea camellia shell powder, which is then compounded with insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder for use. This method is not only low in cost, but also does not cause pollution to the environment.

[0024] 6. Simple operation and good effect: The method of the present application is simple to operate, and only needs to loosen the soil and spread the composite oil-tea camellia shell powder once in November-December each year, and then turn the soil once in February-March of the following year. At the same time, the effect of this method is very good and it is worth promoting vigorously. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present application. In the examples, if specific conditions are not specified, they are carried out according to normal conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0026] In the following examples and preparation examples, 1 part means 1 kg.

[0027] Preparation Example 1 Preparation of Camellia oleifera shell powder The camellia oleifera shell powder is the tea shell processed from the camellia oleifera fruit, and the tea shell is crushed by a grinder and passed through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the camellia oleifera shell powder.

[0028] Preparation Example 2 Preparation of Insecticidal and Antibacterial Montmorillonite Powder The preparation method of insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder comprises the following steps: S51, according to the mass parts, 800 parts of a diluted nitric acid solution with a mass concentration of 7% and 300 parts of 50-mesh montmorillonite powder were mixed and stirred for 1.5 hours, and then filtered and dried to obtain modified montmorillonite powder; S52. Dissolve 1 part of silver nitrate and 8 parts of copper nitrate in 800 parts of water according to their mass fractions to obtain a mixed solution. Add 100 parts of modified montmorillonite powder into 200 parts of the mixed solution and stir evenly. Add 3 parts of 6% phosphoric acid solution dropwise and adjust the pH to 5.5 with ammonia water. Stir the reaction for 9 hours, filter, wash, dry, crush, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder.

[0029] Example 1 A method for preventing and controlling camellia hornbeams by physical measures comprises the following steps: S1. During the life cycle of the tea tree, on November 10, 2023, loosen the soil 1 cm deep in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea tree with the trunk as the center, and then evenly spread 0.75 kg of tea shell powder on the loosened soil around the roots; S2. On February 15, 2024, the soil was turned over once with a hoe. The method of turning over the soil with a hoe was as follows: turning over 1 cm deep soil in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea oil tree with the trunk as the center.

[0030] Example 2 A method for preventing and controlling camellia hornbeams by physical measures comprises the following steps: S1. During the life cycle of the tea tree, on November 20, 2023, loosen the soil 1 cm deep in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea tree with the trunk as the center, and then evenly spread 1.0 kg of tea shell powder on the loosened soil around the roots; S2. On February 15, 2024, the soil was turned over once with a hoe. The method of turning over the soil with a hoe was as follows: turning over 1 cm deep soil in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea oil tree with the trunk as the center.

[0031] Example 3 A method for preventing and controlling camellia hornbeams by physical measures comprises the following steps: S1. During the life cycle of the tea tree, on November 30, 2023, loosen the soil 1 cm deep in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea tree with the trunk as the center, and then evenly spread 0.88 kg of tea shell powder on the loosened soil around the root; S2. On February 15, 2024, the soil was turned over once with a hoe. The method of turning over the soil with a hoe was as follows: turning over 1 cm deep soil in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea oil tree with the trunk as the center.

[0032] Example 4 A method for preventing and controlling camellia hornbeams by physical measures comprises the following steps: S1. During the life cycle of the tea tree, on November 20, 2023, loosen the soil 1 cm deep in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea tree with the trunk as the center, and then evenly spread 0.88 kg of tea shell powder on the loosened soil around the root; the tea shell powder is a composite tea shell powder, which is prepared by mixing tea shell powder and insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder in a mass ratio of 100:2; S2. On February 15, 2024, the soil was turned over once with a hoe. The method of turning over the soil with a hoe was as follows: turning over 1 cm deep soil in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea oil tree with the trunk as the center.

[0033] Example 5 A method for preventing and controlling camellia hornbeams by physical measures comprises the following steps: S1. During the life cycle of the tea tree, on November 20, 2023, loosen the soil 1 cm deep in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea tree with the trunk as the center, and then evenly spread 0.88 kg of tea shell powder on the loosened soil around the root; the tea shell powder is a composite tea shell powder, which is prepared by mixing tea shell powder and insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder in a mass ratio of 100:3; S2. On February 15, 2024, the soil was turned over once with a hoe. The method of turning over the soil with a hoe was as follows: turning over 1 cm deep soil in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea oil tree with the trunk as the center.

[0034] Example 6 A method for preventing and controlling camellia hornbeams by physical measures comprises the following steps: S1. During the life cycle of the tea tree, on November 20, 2023, loosen the soil 1 cm deep in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea tree with the trunk as the center, and then evenly spread 0.88 kg of tea shell powder on the loosened soil around the root; the tea shell powder is a composite tea shell powder, which is prepared by mixing tea shell powder and insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder in a mass ratio of 100:3; S2. On February 15, 2024, the soil was turned over once with a hoe. The method of turning over the soil with a hoe was as follows: turning over 1 cm deep soil in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea oil tree with the trunk as the center.

[0035] S3. On May 10, 2024, during the morning and evening when the adult tea leaf beetles are at their peak, spread a red and yellow film coated with adhesive under the tea trees, then tap the tree crowns lightly with a small bamboo pole. The adults will fall onto the film and can then be eliminated in a centralized manner.

[0036] Comparative Example 1 The same as Example 3, except that in step S1, 0.5 kg of camellia oleifera shell powder is then evenly spread on the loosened soil around the roots.

[0037] Comparative Example 2 The same as Example 3, except that in step S1, 0.25 kg of camellia oleifera shell powder is then evenly spread on the loosened soil around the roots.

[0038] Comparative Example 3 The same as Example 3, except that, in step S1, 0 kg of camellia oleifera shell powder is then evenly spread on the loosened soil around the roots.

[0039] Implementation effect: The methods of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were tested in the test area, with 10-year-old tea trees as the test objects. The test area was divided into 9 areas, and 20 tea trees were selected in each area. The new leaf damage rate and the proportion of weed coverage area were used as evaluation criteria. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Implementation effect Analyzing the data in Table 1, we can see that: 1) The physical measures of Example 1 to Example 6 for preventing and controlling the camellia horned leaf beetle utilize the tea shells processed from the existing camellia oleifera fruits, and crush and sieve them to obtain the camellia oleifera shell powder, which can effectively prevent and control the camellia horned leaf beetle, control the growth of weeds, improve the quality of camellia oleifera, loosen and improve the soil, have low cost, and do not pollute the environment. In particular, the use of composite camellia oleifera shell powder has a more ideal effect.

[0041] 2) A comparative analysis of the implementation effects of the physical measures of Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 for controlling tea leaf beetles showed that when the tea shell powder was very little, it was not possible to control tea leaf beetles and weed growth.

[0042] 3) The comparative analysis of the implementation effects of the physical measures prepared in Example 1-Example 3 and Example 4-Example 5 to prevent and control the camellia horn beetle showed that the camellia shell powder is a composite camellia shell powder, which is prepared by mixing the camellia shell powder and the insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder in a mass ratio of 100:2-3. The camellia shell powder in the composite camellia shell powder can effectively attract and kill the camellia horn beetle, while the insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder can further prevent its reproduction and spread. The insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder is different from other Disposable chemical pesticides, insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder is a metallic and photocatalytic insecticide. After entering the soil, it has long-lasting and stable insecticidal properties. It can effectively kill tea leaf beetles that have fallen to the ground due to fright or hidden in the soil. There is no need to apply it again, which greatly reduces the cost of prevention and control. In addition, insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder also has the effect of retaining water and fertilizer. Its high surface area and porous properties enable it to effectively absorb excess water in the soil, avoiding root rot caused by continuous rainy seasons, and further reducing the incidence of root rot.

[0043] The above embodiments are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application rather than to limit them. Although the above embodiments provide a specific description of the present application, relevant technical personnel should understand that the specific implementation modes of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications and equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the camellia hornbeam by physical measures, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. During the life cycle of the tea tree, from November to December each year, loosen the soil 1 cm deep in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea tree with the trunk as the center, and then evenly spread 0.75-1.0 kg of tea shell powder on the loosened soil around the root; S2. Turn the soil once during February and March of the following year.

2. The method for controlling the camellia oleifera by physical measures according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the method of turning the soil is as follows: turning the soil to a depth of 1 cm in a circular area with a radius of 50 cm at the root of each tea oil tree with the trunk as the center.

3. The method for controlling the camellia oleifera by physical measures according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the camellia oleifera shell powder is the tea shell processed from the camellia oleifera fruit, and the tea shell is crushed by a grinder and passed through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the camellia oleifera shell powder.

4. The method for controlling the camellia hornbeam by physical measures according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the camellia oleifera shell powder is a composite camellia oleifera shell powder, which is prepared by mixing camellia oleifera shell powder and insecticide and antibacterial montmorillonite powder in a mass ratio of 100:2-3.

5. The method for controlling the camellia oleifera by physical measures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder comprises the following steps: S51, according to the mass fractions, the dilute nitric acid solution and the 50 mesh montmorillonite powder were mixed and stirred for 1-2 hours, and then filtered and dried to obtain modified montmorillonite powder; S52. Dissolve silver nitrate and copper nitrate in water according to their mass fractions to obtain a mixed solution, then add the modified montmorillonite powder to the mixed solution, stir evenly, dropwise add phosphoric acid solution, and adjust the pH to 5-6 with ammonia water. Stir the reaction for 8-10 hours, filter, wash, dry, crush, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain insecticidal and antibacterial montmorillonite powder.

6. The method for controlling the camellia hornbeam by physical means according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S51, the mass ratio of the dilute nitric acid solution to the 50-mesh montmorillonite powder is 8:3, and the mass concentration of the dilute nitric acid solution is 6-8%.

7. The method for controlling the camellia hornbeam by physical means according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S52, the mass ratio of the silver nitrate, copper nitrate and water is 1:8:

800.

8. The method for controlling the camellia hornbeam by physical measures according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S52, the mass ratio of the modified montmorillonite powder, the mixed solution and the phosphoric acid solution is 100:200:

3.

9. The method for controlling the camellia hornbeam by physical means according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 5-8%.

10. The method for controlling the camellia oleifera by physical means according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: From the end of April to mid-May every year, in the morning and evening when the adult tea leaf beetles are at their peak, a red and yellow film coated with adhesive is spread under the tea oil tree. Then, shake the tea oil tree or tap the tree crown with a small bamboo pole. The adult insects will fall onto the film and can then be eliminated in a concentrated manner.

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