Dust fall device and method for road construction

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust fall device and method for road construction, and relates to the technical field of road dust fall, the dust fall device comprises a water supply tank, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the water supply tank, a mounting groove is formed in the side wall of the mounting frame in a penetrating manner, a fixing block is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply tank, and a first sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the fixing block in a penetrating manner; the top of the water supply tank is fixedly connected with a connecting base, and the center of the connecting base is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft. According to the dust falling device for road construction, a sliding frame horizontally reciprocates along the inner wall of a mounting groove, so that a ball can drive a water storage tank to horizontally swing, meanwhile, a cam can drive a connecting block to vertically reciprocate, and the ball can drive the water storage tank to vertically swing, so that the material spraying direction of a spray head continuously moves; the spraying range of the device is expanded, and the situation that due to the fact that the spraying head is fixed, spraying dead angles occur on the device, and the spraying effect is poor is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of road dust reduction, and in particular to a road construction dust reduction device and method. Background Art

[0002] During road construction, as construction activities proceed, a large amount of dust will be generated during the transportation and construction of materials such as soil, bricks, and concrete. A large amount of dust entering the atmosphere will cause air pollution, which will not only affect air quality and visibility, but also damage the environment. If the dust suspended in the air is inhaled by the human body, it will also threaten human health. In order to reduce pollution to the surrounding environment, dust reduction devices are needed to deal with the dust. Common dust reduction devices use water spray dust reduction as the basis. The dust reduction spray device mainly sprays water mist into the air to moisten the air, thereby achieving the effect of dust reduction. The water mist generated by each nozzle can reach about 100,000, which is dispersed to surround and absorb dust particles in the air, and wet it, so that it rolls to the ground, thereby achieving the purpose of dust reduction.

[0003] The nozzles on traditional dust suppression devices are generally fixed on the dust suppression devices. In order to ensure a good spraying range, the staff needs to rotate and control the spraying direction, which is very inconvenient to operate. There is currently a dust suppression device, such as a published patent, patent number: CN114832554A, patent name: a dust suppression device for construction site construction. In this patent, the angle of the atomizing nozzle is adjustable through the cooperation of the driving mechanism and the swing mechanism, which solves the problem of the single direction of traditional dust suppression. When the device is actually used, in the process of moving the device body to suppress dust, the dust suppression effect on the forward path of the device can be well applied. However, on roads with a larger width, if full coverage of road dust suppression is required, the device needs to be reciprocated multiple times along the road construction direction. The dust suppression time required for actual operation is relatively long. Therefore, it is only suitable for dusty situations in some construction locations on the construction site. If it is required to be applied to dust suppression in road construction, the defects are obvious, and there is still room for improvement in shortening the working time of road dust suppression. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a road construction dust reduction device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a road construction dust reduction device, comprising a water supply box, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the water supply box, and a mounting groove is penetrated through the side wall of the mounting frame, a fixing block is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply box, and a first sliding groove is penetrated through the side wall of the fixing block, a connecting seat is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply box, and a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the connecting seat, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a U-shaped frame, and the inner wall of the U-shaped frame is rotatably connected to a water storage tank, a diffusion mechanism is provided on the side wall of the water storage tank, and a hose is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply tank; The inner wall of the installation groove is provided with a swing mechanism, so that the spraying and dust reduction range of the diffusion mechanism can be larger when working; The inner wall of the first chute is provided with a squeezing mechanism, so that the hose can be squeezed to increase the water pressure during operation; The diffusion mechanism comprises a disc, so that the spray range can be adjusted during operation.

[0006] Preferably, the swing mechanism includes a sliding frame and a connecting block, the inner wall of the sliding frame is provided with a first tooth groove, the side wall of the sliding frame is penetrated by a through groove, and the inner wall of the through groove is slidably connected to a rotating rod, the outer wall of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a residual tooth, the side wall of the sliding frame is fixedly connected to a fixing rod, and the fixing rod is fixedly connected to a cross plate at one end away from the sliding frame, the side wall of the connecting block is penetrated by a second sliding groove, the inner wall of the second sliding groove is fixedly connected to a tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the top of the cross plate, the side wall of the connecting block is fixedly connected to a connecting column, and the end of the connecting column away from the connecting block is fixedly connected to the ball, and one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a cam.

[0007] Preferably, the outer wall of the cross plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding groove, and the outer wall of the cam corresponds to the end of the connecting block.

[0008] Preferably, the extrusion mechanism includes a first slider, and the side wall of the first slider is fixedly connected to a sliding rod, the outer wall of the sliding rod is slidably connected to a second slider, and the side wall of the second slider is fixedly connected to a spring, the end of the spring away from the second slider is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider, the side wall of the first slider is provided with a second tooth groove, and the side wall of the second slider is provided with a third tooth groove.

[0009] Preferably, the side wall of the first slide groove is fixedly connected to a connecting frame, and the side wall of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the outer wall of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a gear, the inner wall of the gear teeth matches and meshes with the inner wall of the second tooth groove, the inner wall of the gear teeth matches and meshes with the inner wall of the third tooth groove, and the side wall of the connecting block fits and slides with the side wall of the fixed block.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of inclined grooves are penetrated through the side wall of the disc, and the inner wall of the inclined groove is slidably connected with an L-shaped rod, the end of the L-shaped rod away from the disc is fixedly connected with a fixing clamp, the center of the disc is fixedly connected with a knob, the side wall of the water tank is fixedly connected with a shunt pipe, and the outer wall of the shunt pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing clamp, and the end of the shunt pipe away from the water tank is fixedly connected with a nozzle.

[0011] Preferably, a clamping block is fixedly connected to a side of the water storage tank away from the diffusion mechanism, and a rotation groove is provided on the inner wall of the clamping block, and the outer wall of the sphere is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation groove.

[0012] Preferably, a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply tank, and a motor is fixedly installed inside the fixing frame.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the rotating rod away from the cam is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and a trolley is fixedly connected to the bottom of the water supply tank.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. When performing spray dust reduction work, the sliding frame performs horizontal reciprocating motion along the inner wall of the installation groove, so that the ball will drive the water tank to swing horizontally, and at the same time the cam will drive the connecting block to perform up and down reciprocating motion, so that the ball will drive the water tank to swing vertically, thereby continuously moving the spraying direction of the nozzle, thereby expanding the spraying range of the device, so that when the device is performing dust reduction on a wider road, the road can be covered to the greatest extent by increasing the spraying range, avoiding the need for multiple reciprocating dust reduction operations.

[0015] 2. When performing spray dust suppression work, the disc is rotated by turning the knob, and then the L-shaped rod will slide along the inner wall of the inclined groove, so that the fixed clamp drives the diversion pipe to diffuse outward, thereby expanding the spray range. If the dust is more concentrated, multiple nozzles can be tilted inward by rotating the knob in the opposite direction, making the spray range more concentrated. The size of the spray area can be freely controlled, so that it can cope with roads of various widths.

[0016] 3. When spraying and dust reduction is performed, the tension spring will drive the connecting block to reciprocate up and down. The downward movement of the connecting block will squeeze the first slider, and at the same time the second tooth groove will drive the gear to rotate, and then the gear will drive the third tooth groove to move, so that the first slider and the second slider will slide relative to each other, and then the two sides of the hose will be squeezed. After being squeezed, the cross-sectional area of ​​the hose becomes smaller, so that when the nozzle sprays upward, the hose will be squeezed to increase the water pressure, thereby increasing the spraying distance, and can spray places that are difficult to reach by the device, further improving the comprehensiveness of dust reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the construction method of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the first part of the structure of the swing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the second part of the structure of the swing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the extrusion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a partial structural connection cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the diffusion mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, water supply tank; 2, mounting frame; 3, mounting slot; 4, swing mechanism; 5, fixed block; 6, first slide slot; 7, extrusion mechanism; 8, connecting frame; 9, connecting seat; 10, rotating shaft; 11, U-shaped frame; 12, water storage tank; 13, clamping block; 14, hose; 15, diffusion mechanism; 16, fixing frame; 17, motor; 18, cart; 19, rotating slot; 401, sliding frame; 402, first tooth slot; 403, through slot; 404, rotating rod; 405, residual tooth; 406, fixing rod; 407 , cross plate; 408, connecting block; 409, second slide groove; 410, tension spring; 411, connecting column; 412, ball; 413, cam; 701, first slider; 702, slide rod; 703, second slider; 704, spring; 705, second tooth groove; 706, third tooth groove; 707, connecting rod; 708, gear; 1501, disc; 1502, inclined groove; 1503, L-shaped rod; 1504, fixing clamp; 1505, knob; 1506, shunt pipe; 1507, nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] For example, see Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a road construction dust reduction device, including a water supply box 1, a mounting frame 2 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the water supply box 1, and a mounting groove 3 is penetrated through the side wall of the mounting frame 2, a fixing block 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply box 1, and a first sliding groove 6 is penetrated through the side wall of the fixing block 5, a connecting seat 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply box 1, and a rotating shaft 10 is fixedly connected to the center of the connecting seat 9, an outer wall of the rotating shaft 10 is rotatably connected to a U-shaped frame 11, and an inner wall of the U-shaped frame 11 is rotatably connected to a water storage tank 12, a diffusion mechanism 15 is provided on the side wall of the water storage tank 12, and a hose 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply box 1.

[0021] The inner wall of the mounting groove 3 is provided with a swing mechanism 4 , and the diffusion mechanism 15 includes a disc 1501 .

[0022] Furthermore, the swing mechanism 4 includes a sliding frame 401 and a connecting block 408, the inner wall of the sliding frame 401 is provided with a first tooth groove 402, the side wall of the sliding frame 401 is penetrated with a through groove 403, and the inner wall of the through groove 403 is slidably connected to a rotating rod 404, the outer wall of the rotating rod 404 is fixedly connected with a residual tooth 405, the side wall of the sliding frame 401 is fixedly connected with a fixed rod 406, and the end of the fixed rod 406 away from the sliding frame 401 is fixedly connected with a cross plate 407, the side wall of the connecting block 408 is penetrated with a second sliding groove 409, the inner wall of the second sliding groove 409 is fixedly connected with a tension spring 410, and the other end of the tension spring 410 is fixedly connected Connected to the top of the cross plate 407, the side wall of the connecting block 408 is fixedly connected with a connecting column 411, and the end of the connecting column 411 away from the connecting block 408 is fixedly connected with a ball 412, one end of the rotating rod 404 is fixedly connected with a cam 413, the outer wall of the cross plate 407 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second slide groove 409, the outer wall of the cam 413 corresponds to the end of the connecting block 408, the top of the water supply tank 1 is fixedly connected with a fixing frame 16, and the inside of the fixing frame 16 is fixedly installed with a motor 17, the end of the rotating rod 404 away from the cam 413 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 17, and the bottom of the water supply tank 1 is fixedly connected with a cart 18; In this embodiment, a large amount of dust will be generated during the road construction process. At this time, a dust suppression device is needed to deal with the dust in the air. First, the water supply tank 1 is filled with water for dust suppression, and then the cart 18 is pushed to move the device to the working area. The diffusion mechanism 15 is adjusted to match the dust range on site. A plurality of inclined grooves 1502 are penetrated through the side wall of the disc 1501, and the inner wall of the inclined groove 1502 is slidably connected with an L-shaped rod 1503. The end of the L-shaped rod 1503 away from the disc 1501 is fixedly connected with a fixing clamp 1504, and the center of the disc 1501 is fixedly connected with a knob 1505. The side wall of the water storage tank 12 is fixedly connected with a shunt pipe 1506, and the outer wall of the shunt pipe 1506 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing clamp 1504. The shunt pipe 1506 is away from the water storage tank 12. One end is fixedly connected with a nozzle 1507. When the dust range is relatively large, it is necessary to expand the spray range. The disc 1501 is driven to rotate by turning the knob 1505, and then the L-shaped rod 1503 is caused to slide along the inner wall of the inclined groove 1502, so that the fixed clamp 1504 drives the shunt pipe 1506 to tilt outward, so that multiple nozzles 1507 are spread outward, achieving the effect of expanding the spray range. A water pump is installed inside the water supply tank 1, and the water pump is driven to supply water to the water storage tank 12 through the hose 14. Then the water flow will flow into the corresponding nozzle 1507 through multiple shunt pipes 1506, and then be sprayed into the air for spraying. If the dust is relatively concentrated, the multiple nozzles 1507 can be tilted inward by rotating the knob 1505 in the opposite direction, so that the spray range is more concentrated; When a larger spray dust reduction range is required, the rotating rod 404 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 17, and then the rotating rod 404 drives the residual teeth 405 to rotate synchronously. Since the residual teeth 405 are half-circle teeth, when the teeth of the residual teeth 405 match and mesh with the first tooth groove 402 above, the sliding frame 401 slides to one side along the inner wall of the installation groove 3, and when the teeth of the residual teeth 405 match and mesh with the first tooth groove 402 below, the sliding frame 401 slides in the opposite direction along the inner wall of the installation groove 3, thereby realizing the sliding frame 401 moving forward along the inner wall of the installation groove 3. The sliding frame 401 drives the cross plate 407 to move through the fixed rod 406, and then the cross plate 407 drives the connecting block 408 to move synchronously, and then the connecting block 408 drives the ball 412 to translate through the connecting column 411. When the ball 412 translates, the block 13 is fixedly connected to the side away from the diffusion mechanism 15 through the water storage tank 12, and the inner wall of the block 13 is provided with a rotation groove 19. The outer wall of the ball 412 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation groove 19, so the ball 412 will rotate inside the rotation groove 19. At the same time, the water storage tank 12 will be driven to rotate around the rotating shaft 10 through the block 13, thereby expanding the spray range in the horizontal direction. When the rotating rod 404 rotates, the cam 413 will be driven to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the cam 413, the end of the connecting block 408 will be squeezed, and then the connecting block 408 will be driven to move upward. At the same time, the inner wall of the second slide groove 409 will slide along the outer wall of the cross plate 407. During this process, the tension spring 410 will be stretched. During the upward movement of the connecting block 408, the block will be driven by the ball 412. 13 moves upward, and then when the cam 413 passes over the connecting block 408, the tension spring 410 will shrink and reset, thereby driving the connecting block 408 to move downward, and at the same time the ball 412 will drive the clamping block 13 to move downward. During the process, the clamping block 13 will drive the water storage tank 12 to rotate with the end of the U-shaped frame 11 as the axis, thereby realizing the expansion of the spray range in the vertical direction. During the spraying work, the diffusion mechanism 15 can automatically rotate back and forth, so that the spraying direction is wider, and the spraying range is further expanded and more uniform; As described above, when performing the spray dust reduction work, the sliding frame 401 performs horizontal reciprocating motion along the inner wall of the installation groove 3, so that the ball 412 drives the water tank 12 to swing horizontally, and at the same time the cam 413 drives the connecting block 408 to perform up and down reciprocating motion, so that the ball 412 drives the water tank 12 to swing vertically, so that the spraying direction of the nozzle 1507 is continuously moved, so as to expand the spray range of the device, so that when the device performs dust reduction on a road with a larger width, the road can be covered to the greatest extent by increasing the spray range, avoiding the need for multiple reciprocating dust reduction operations; When performing spray dust reduction work, the disc 1501 is driven to rotate by turning the knob 1505, and then the L-shaped rod 1503 is caused to slide along the inner wall of the inclined groove 1502, so that the fixed clamp 1504 drives the diverter pipe 1506 to diffuse outward, thereby achieving the effect of expanding the spray range. If the dust is more concentrated, the multiple nozzles 1507 can be tilted inward by rotating the knob 1505 in the opposite direction, so that the spray range is more concentrated, and the size of the spray area can be freely controlled, so as to cope with roads of various widths.

[0023] Embodiment 2: Based on the above embodiment, an extrusion mechanism 7 is provided on the inner wall of the first sliding groove 6 .

[0024] Further, the extrusion mechanism 7 includes a first slider 701, and the side wall of the first slider 701 is fixedly connected with a slide bar 702, the outer wall of the slide bar 702 is slidably connected with a second slider 703, and the side wall of the second slider 703 is fixedly connected with a spring 704, and the end of the spring 704 away from the second slider 703 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider 701, the side wall of the first slider 701 is provided with a second tooth groove 705, and the side wall of the second slider 703 is provided with a third tooth groove 706, the side wall of the first slide groove 6 is fixedly connected with a connecting frame 8, and the side wall of the connecting frame 8 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 707, the outer wall of the connecting rod 707 is rotatably connected with a gear 708, the inner wall of the gear teeth of the gear 708 is matched and meshed with the inner wall of the second tooth groove 705, and the inner wall of the gear teeth of the gear 708 is matched and meshed with the inner wall of the third tooth groove 706, and the side wall of the connecting block 408 is fitted and slid with the side wall of the fixed block 5; In this embodiment, during the spray dust reduction operation, the tension spring 410 drives the connection block 408 to reciprocate up and down. When the connection block 408 moves downward, its bottom inclined surface squeezes the first slider 701, and then the first slider 701 slides outward along the inner wall of the first slide groove 6, and at the same time, the gear 708 is driven to rotate through the second tooth groove 705, and then the gear 708 drives the third tooth groove 706 to move, so that the first slider 701 and the second slider 703 slide relative to each other, and at the same time, the spring 704 is compressed, and the second slider 703 slides along the outer wall of the slide rod 702, so that the second slider 703 does not deviate during the sliding process, and always keeps aligned with the first slider 701. When the first slider 701 and the second slider 703 move relative to each other to the shortest distance, the two sides of the hose 14 are squeezed, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the hose 14 is reduced after being squeezed, so as to increase the water pressure through the output of the water pump, and the spray range can be made farther and more uniform when the water volume remains unchanged; As described above, when the spraying dust reduction work is performed, the tension spring 410 will drive the connecting block 408 to reciprocate up and down, and the downward movement of the connecting block 408 will squeeze the first slider 701, and at the same time the second tooth groove 705 will drive the gear 708 to rotate, and then the gear 708 will drive the third tooth groove 706 to move, so that the first slider 701 and the second slider 703 slide relative to each other, and then the two sides of the hose 14 will be squeezed. After being squeezed, the cross-sectional area of ​​the hose 14 will become smaller, so that when the nozzle 1507 sprays upward, the hose 14 will be squeezed to increase the water pressure. Under the condition of unchanged water volume, the stability of the spray state is guaranteed, thereby increasing the spray distance, and being able to spray places that are difficult to reach by the device, further improving the comprehensiveness of dust reduction.

[0025] The dust reduction methods are as follows: First, fill the water supply tank 1 with water for dust reduction, then push the cart 18 to move the device to the working area, and adjust the diffusion mechanism 15 to match the dust range on site. When the dust range is relatively large, it is necessary to expand the spray range. The disc 1501 is driven to rotate by turning the knob 1505, and then the L-shaped rod 1503 is slid along the inner wall of the inclined groove 1502, so that the fixing clamp 1504 drives the shunt pipe 1506 to tilt outward, so that multiple nozzles 1507 are diffused outward, achieving the effect of expanding the spray range. If the dust is relatively concentrated, the multiple nozzles 1507 can be tilted inward by rotating the knob 1505 in the opposite direction, so that the spray range is more concentrated. A water pump is installed inside the water supply tank 1, and the water pump is driven to supply water to the water storage tank 12 through the hose 14. Then the water will flow into the corresponding nozzles 1507 through multiple shunt pipes 1506, and then sprayed into the air, achieving the effect of dust reduction in the area; When a larger spray dust reduction range is needed, the rotating rod 404 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 17, and then the rotating rod 404 will drive the residual teeth 405 to rotate synchronously. Since the residual teeth 405 are half-circle teeth, the sliding frame 401 can reciprocate along the inner wall of the installation groove 3. At the same time, the sliding frame 401 will drive the cross plate 407 to move through the fixed rod 406, and then the cross plate 407 will drive the connecting block 408 to move synchronously, and then the connecting block 408 will drive the ball 412 to translate through the connecting column 411. When the ball 412 translates, the water storage tank 12 is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft 10 as the axis through the card block 13, thereby realizing the expansion of the spray range in the horizontal direction. When the rotating rod 404 rotates, it will also drive the cam The wheels 413 rotate synchronously, and during the rotation of the cam 413, the end of the connecting block 408 will be squeezed, and then the connecting block 408 will be driven to move upward. At the same time, the inner wall of the second slide groove 409 will slide along the outer wall of the cross plate 407. During the process, the tension spring 410 will be stretched. During the upward movement of the connecting block 408, the block 13 will be driven to move upward through the ball 412. Then, when the cam 413 passes over the connecting block 408, the tension spring 410 will contract and reset, thereby driving the connecting block 408 to move downward, and the ball 412 will drive the block 13 to move downward. During the process, the block 13 will drive the water tank 12 to rotate with the end of the U-shaped frame 11 as the axis, thereby realizing the expansion of the spray range in the vertical direction.

[0026] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A road construction dust suppression device, comprising a water supply tank (1), characterized in that: The side wall of the water supply tank (1) is fixedly connected to a mounting frame (2), and a mounting groove (3) is provided through the side wall of the mounting frame (2); the top of the water supply tank (1) is fixedly connected to a fixing block (5), and a first sliding groove (6) is provided through the side wall of the fixing block (5); the top of the water supply tank (1) is fixedly connected to a connecting seat (9), and the center of the connecting seat (9) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (10); the outer wall of the rotating shaft (10) is rotatably connected to a U-shaped frame (11), and the inner wall of the U-shaped frame (11) is rotatably connected to a water storage tank (12); the side wall of the water storage tank (12) is provided with a diffusion mechanism (15); the top of the water supply tank (1) is fixedly connected to a hose (14); The inner wall of the installation groove (3) is provided with a swing mechanism (4), the inner wall of the first slide groove (6) is provided with a squeezing mechanism (7) for squeezing the hose (14) to increase the water pressure, and the diffusion mechanism (15) includes a disc (1501) for adjusting the spray range; The swing mechanism (4) comprises a sliding frame (401) and a connecting block (408); the inner wall of the sliding frame (401) is provided with a first tooth groove (402); the side wall of the sliding frame (401) is provided with a through groove (403) through the inner wall of the through groove (403); a rotating rod (404) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the through groove (403); a residual tooth (405) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod (404); the side wall of the sliding frame (401) is fixedly connected to a fixing rod (406); an end of the fixing rod (406) away from the sliding frame (401) is fixedly connected to a cross plate (407); the side wall of the connecting block (408) is provided with a second sliding groove (409) through the inner wall of the second sliding groove (409); a tension spring (410) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second sliding groove (409); and the other end of the tension spring (410) is fixedly connected to the top of the cross plate (407).

2. A road construction dust suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting column (411) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting block (408), and a round ball (412) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting column (411) away from the connecting block (408), and a cam (413) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod (404).

3. A road construction dust suppression device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cross plate (407) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding groove (409), and the outer wall of the cam (413) corresponds to the end of the connecting block (408).

4. A road construction dust suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion mechanism (7) comprises a first slider (701), and a sliding rod (702) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider (701), a second slider (703) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod (702), and a spring (704) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second slider (703), an end of the spring (704) away from the second slider (703) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider (701), a second tooth groove (705) is provided on the side wall of the first slider (701), and a third tooth groove (706) is provided on the side wall of the second slider (703).

5. A road construction dust suppression device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the first sliding groove (6) is fixedly connected to a connecting frame (8), and the side wall of the connecting frame (8) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (707), the outer wall of the connecting rod (707) is rotatably connected to a gear (708), the inner wall of the gear teeth of the gear (708) matches and meshes with the inner wall of the second tooth groove (705), the inner wall of the gear teeth of the gear (708) matches and meshes with the inner wall of the third tooth groove (706), and the side wall of the connecting block (408) fits and slides with the side wall of the fixed block (5).

6. A road construction dust suppression device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of inclined grooves (1502) are formed through the side wall of the disc (1501), and an L-shaped rod (1503) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inclined groove (1502); a fixing clamp (1504) is fixedly connected to the end of the L-shaped rod (1503) away from the disc (1501); a knob (1505) is fixedly connected to the center of the disc (1501); a shunt pipe (1506) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the water storage tank (12), and the outer wall of the shunt pipe (1506) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing clamp (1504); and a nozzle (1507) is fixedly connected to the end of the shunt pipe (1506) away from the water storage tank (12).

7. A road construction dust suppression device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A clamping block (13) is fixedly connected to the side of the water storage tank (12) away from the diffusion mechanism (15), and a rotation groove (19) is provided on the inner wall of the clamping block (13), and the outer wall of the ball (412) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation groove (19).

8. A road construction dust suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing frame (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the water supply tank (1), and a motor (17) is fixedly installed inside the fixing frame (16).

9. A road construction dust suppression device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the rotating rod (404) away from the cam (413) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (17), and the bottom of the water supply tank (1) is fixedly connected to a trolley (18).

10. A dust suppression method using the road construction dust suppression device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Controlling the angle: turning the knob (1505) drives the disc (1501) to rotate, causing the L-shaped rod (1503) to slide along the inner wall of the inclined groove (1502), causing the fixing clamp (1504) to drive the diverter pipe (1506) to tilt outward, causing the multiple nozzles (1507) to spread outward, thereby expanding the spraying range. If dust is concentrated, the knob (1505) is rotated in the opposite direction to cause the multiple nozzles (1507) to tilt inward, thereby concentrating the spraying range; S2: expanding the range; the residual teeth (405) are driven to rotate by the rotating rod (404), and the residual teeth (405) drive the sliding frame (401) to reciprocate, and at the same time, the ball (412) drives the water tank (12) to rotate around the rotating shaft (10) through the block (13), so as to expand the spray range in the horizontal direction; At the same time, the cam (413) is driven to rotate by the rotating rod (404), driving the connecting block (408) to move upward, so that the ball (412) drives the water storage tank (12) to rotate with the end of the U-shaped frame (11) as the axis through the clamping block (13), so as to expand the spray range in the vertical direction; S3: increasing the distance: when the connecting block (408) moves downward, the first slider (701) is squeezed, so that the second tooth groove (705) drives the gear (708) to rotate, and then the gear (708) drives the third tooth groove (706) to move, so that the first slider (701) and the second slider (703) slide relative to each other, squeezing the two sides of the hose (14). After being squeezed, the cross-sectional area of ​​the hose (14) becomes smaller, and the water pressure is increased through the output of the water pump. When the amount of water remains unchanged, the spraying range is made farther and more uniform.

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