Underground drip irrigation intelligent real-time measurement and control method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent real-time measurement and control method and system for underground drip irrigation, and belongs to the technical field of water-saving irrigation. The hardware layer comprises a main pipe, a head branch pipe, a capillary pipe, a tail branch pipe, a tail teletransmission pressure gauge and a flush valve which are connected in sequence; the main pipe is perpendicular to the head branch pipe, the tail branch pipe is parallel to the head branch pipe, and the capillary pipe is perpendicularly arranged between the tail branch pipe and the head branch pipe; an electromagnetic valve is further arranged between the tail branch pipe and the flushing valve; the software layer comprises a data acquisition and transmission module, a data processing and analysis module and a control and management module; according to the intelligent real-time measurement and control method and system for underground drip irrigation provided by the invention, the investment of system maintenance cost and the like is reduced to a great extent, and the economic benefit of crop planting is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water-saving irrigation, and in particular relates to an intelligent real-time measurement and control method and system for underground drip irrigation. Background Art

[0002] Underground drip irrigation is an irrigation method that directly delivers water and fertilizer to the roots of crops through multi-stage closed pipes buried 25-40 cm underground. It is especially suitable for irrigation of perennial crops such as fruit trees, forage, and asparagus. It has the characteristics of good water saving, labor saving, increased production and improved quality. However, the underground drip irrigation system has not yet been widely promoted. This is mainly because the underground drip irrigation system is buried underground. Once blockage, damage or leakage occurs, it is difficult to detect and repair quickly, and special equipment and technology are required for detection and maintenance. At the same time, the operation and maintenance cost of the drip irrigation system is high, especially when the drip irrigation system is blocked, the update and maintenance cost of the drip irrigation system is high. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an intelligent self-flushing underground drip irrigation system that can monitor the system operation status in real time.

[0003] At present, many experts and scholars have conducted relevant research on underground drip irrigation systems. The China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research has proposed an integrated automatic control system and method for underground drip irrigation water, fertilizer and medicine (patent number: CN200710179350.9). The system includes: a data input device, a sensor device, a main control device and an output device. It can monitor and obtain various parameters related to farmland irrigation, and combine various parameters with initialization data. It is analyzed and calculated through irrigation decision software. It has the advantages of high degree of automation control of scientific irrigation and drip irrigation and effective reduction of labor intensity. Yunnan University proposed an anti-blocking and easy-to-repair underground drip irrigation system (patent number: CN2021202696041). The main pipe is equipped with a main pipe flow monitor, and the branch pipe is equipped with a branch pipe flow monitor. It also includes a drip irrigation capillary tube, and a number of drip irrigation capillary tubes are connected and installed on the branch pipe, and a flow control valve is installed on the drip irrigation capillary tube. However, existing research has not yet proposed a method for identifying whether the drip irrigation belt is damaged, especially intelligent monitoring and maintenance methods. At the same time, capillary flushing is a key means to alleviate the clogging problem of drip irrigation tapes in above-ground drip irrigation systems. However, the drip irrigation tapes in underground drip irrigation systems are buried underground, and capillary flushing means are relatively scarce. Therefore, an intelligent real-time measurement and control method and system for underground drip irrigation is urgently needed to solve the problems existing in the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent real-time measurement and control method and system for underground drip irrigation, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that it is difficult to identify damaged drip irrigation belts and there is a lack of capillary tube flushing means.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation, which monitors the damage and blockage of the underground drip irrigation system, including a hardware layer and a software layer; The hardware layer includes a main pipe, a head branch pipe, a capillary pipe, a tail branch pipe, a tail remote pressure gauge and a flushing valve connected in sequence; the main pipe is vertically arranged with the head branch pipe, the tail branch pipe is parallelly arranged with the head branch pipe, and the capillary pipe is vertically arranged between the tail branch pipe and the head branch pipe; a solenoid valve is also arranged between the tail branch pipe and the flushing valve; The main pipe is provided with a water source, a filtering system, an exhaust valve, a fertilizing facility, a main remote electromagnetic flowmeter and a head remote pressure gauge; the output end of the water source is connected to the input end of the filtering system, the output end of the filtering system is connected to the input end of the exhaust valve, the output end of the exhaust valve is connected to the input end of the fertilizing facility, the output end of the fertilizing facility is connected to the input end of the main remote electromagnetic flowmeter, and the output end of the main remote electromagnetic flowmeter is connected to the input end of the head remote pressure gauge; Branch pipe remote transmission electromagnetic flowmeters are installed on both the head branch pipe and the tail branch pipe; the branch pipe remote transmission electromagnetic flowmeter of the head branch pipe is arranged at 0, 1 / 4, 2 / 4, and 3 / 4 of the tail of the head branch pipe; the branch pipe remote transmission electromagnetic flowmeter of the tail branch pipe is arranged at 1 / 8, 3 / 8, 5 / 8, and 7 / 8 of the tail of the tail branch pipe; The software layer includes data acquisition and transmission module, data processing and analysis module and control and management module.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of drip irrigation belts and a plurality of capillary flow meters are arranged on the capillary tube, and the capillary flow meter is arranged at one end of the drip irrigation belt close to the head branch pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the filtration system includes four types of filters, namely a centrifugal filter, a sand filter, a laminated filter and a self-cleaning mesh filter. The order of selection of the filters is determined according to the type and degree of pollution.

[0008] Preferably, the data acquisition and transmission module collects real-time data of each monitoring point based on the head remote pressure gauge, the tail remote pressure gauge, the main pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeter and the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeter, and transmits it to the central control system; wireless communication technology is used to realize remote data transmission; the data processing and analysis module analyzes the data transmitted from different sensors in real time; and through comparative analysis of historical data and real-time data, abnormal situations are identified and their locations are determined.

[0009] Preferably, the control and management module is used to detect whether the drip irrigation tape is damaged or blocked; when the drip irrigation tape is detected to be damaged or blocked, the system automatically triggers a maintenance prompt or turns on an automatic flushing function.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for an intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation, which includes four working modes, namely daily monitoring mode, automatic diagnosis mode, automatic flushing mode and manual assistance mode.

[0011] Preferably, the daily monitoring mode is as follows: when the system is operating normally, the head remote pressure gauge, the tail remote pressure gauge, the main remote electromagnetic flowmeter and the branch remote electromagnetic flowmeter continuously monitor the pressure and flow data of the drip irrigation system, and the difference average value of the adjacent branch remote electromagnetic flowmeters is used as a reference. If the difference between the two adjacent branch remote electromagnetic flowmeters deviates from the average value by more than 5%, the automatic diagnosis mode is entered; through the flow data of the head branch, tail branch and capillary tube, the system refines the location of the problem area, and sends the alarm information to the control and management module to achieve rapid fault location and response.

[0012] Preferably, the automatic diagnosis mode is specifically as follows: at the initial stage of system operation, the system establishes a normal operating parameter range by setting an initial pressure difference and a flow reference value; when the system detects that the flow value of the remote electromagnetic flowmeter of an adjacent branch pipe is greater than the average value, the deviation exceeds 5%, and at the same time, the pressure is only lower than the normal pressure operating range, it is considered to be damaged; when the system detects that the flow value of the remote electromagnetic flowmeter of an adjacent branch pipe is less than the average value, the deviation exceeds 5%, but the pressure value is normal, it is considered that the drip irrigation system is blocked; and the fault point is located based on the difference between the remote electromagnetic flowmeters of the branch pipes; when a fault occurs, the system issues an alarm prompt through the display terminal and mobile phone APP to prompt the operation and maintenance personnel to perform maintenance in time.

[0013] Preferably, the automatic flushing mode is as follows: the system is provided with an automatic flushing function, which takes the initial operating pressure difference as a reference, and automatically opens the solenoid valve and the flushing valve when the irrigation is finished or the pressure difference before and after is monitored to exceed the initial pressure of 0.01-0.04MPa, and starts the drip irrigation belt for flushing; the system controls the flushing flow rate through the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeter to ensure that the flow rate remains within the range of 0.45-0.6m / s, and adopts a segmented pressure mode to alleviate the occurrence of drip irrigation belt blockage; the flushing frequency is adjusted according to the system operation conditions.

[0014] Preferably, the manual assistance mode is as follows: the system supports manual intervention on the basis of automatic operation; when the system prompts that damage or blockage has occurred, the operation and maintenance personnel view the fault point through the terminal device and perform on-site inspection and maintenance according to the prompt information; at the same time, the system allows manual opening or closing of the flushing program and adjusts the operating status as needed.

[0015] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned intelligent real-time measurement and control method and system for underground drip irrigation, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Through the coordinated use of the head remote pressure gauge, the tail remote pressure gauge, the main remote electromagnetic flowmeter, the branch remote electromagnetic flowmeter and the capillary flowmeter, an instant and intelligent identification method for the pressure damage of the drip irrigation belt of the underground drip irrigation system is provided, which makes up for the lack of a real-time and intelligent monitoring system for the damage and blockage identification of the drip irrigation belt of the underground system; (2) The present invention proposes a method for detecting damage and blockage of an underground drip irrigation system. The head and tail of the drip irrigation tape are connected, and a head remote pressure gauge and a tail remote pressure gauge are installed. The pressure difference between the head and tail of the system is used as a reference to preliminarily determine whether the drip irrigation tape is damaged. Secondly, branch pipe remote electromagnetic flow meters are arranged at 0, 1 / 4, 2 / 4, and 3 / 4 of the head pipe of the drip irrigation tape and 1 / 8, 3 / 8, 5 / 8, and 7 / 8 of the tail pipe of the drip irrigation tape to determine the approximate location of damage and blockage of the drip irrigation tape inside the drip irrigation area. Finally, the capillary flow meter reading is used to accurately determine the specific location of damage and blockage of the drip irrigation tape, thereby improving the accuracy of damage and blockage determination. (3) The present invention connects the solenoid valve and the flushing valve at the tail branch pipe. When each irrigation is completed or the pressure difference between the remote pressure gauges at the head and tail of the pipeline reaches 0.01-0.03MPa, the solenoid valve is automatically opened to achieve automatic flushing of the drip tape inside the underground drip irrigation system, alleviate the blockage process of the drip tape of the underground drip irrigation system, and reduce the pipeline maintenance and labor input costs caused by the replacement of the drip tape caused by blockage.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of an intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation according to the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of an intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cell layout diagram of the intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation according to an embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals 1. Water source, 2. Filtration system, 3. Exhaust valve, 4. Fertilization facilities, 5. Main pipe remote transmission electromagnetic flowmeter, 6. Head remote transmission pressure gauge, 7. Drip irrigation tape, 8. Tail remote transmission pressure gauge, 9. Flush valve, 10. Tail branch pipe, 11. Head branch pipe, 12. Branch pipe remote transmission electromagnetic flowmeter, 13. Capillary flowmeter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1-3 , an intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation, monitoring the damage and blockage of the underground drip irrigation system, including a hardware layer and a software layer; the hardware layer includes a main pipe, a head branch pipe 11, a capillary tube, a tail branch pipe 10, a tail remote pressure gauge 8 and a flushing valve 9 connected in sequence; the main pipe is vertically arranged with the head branch pipe 11, the tail branch pipe 10 is parallelly arranged with the head branch pipe 11, and the capillary tube is vertically arranged between the tail branch pipe 10 and the head branch pipe 11; an electromagnetic valve is also arranged between the tail branch pipe 10 and the flushing valve 9; the main pipe A water source 1, a filter system 2, an exhaust valve 3, a fertilizer facility 4, a main remote electromagnetic flowmeter 5 and a head remote pressure gauge 6 are arranged on it; the output end of the water source 1 is connected to the input end of the filter system 2, the output end of the filter system 2 is connected to the input end of the exhaust valve 3, the output end of the exhaust valve 3 is connected to the input end of the fertilizer facility 4, the output end of the fertilizer facility 4 is connected to the input end of the main remote electromagnetic flowmeter 5, and the output end of the main remote electromagnetic flowmeter 5 is connected to the input end of the head remote pressure gauge 6. The fertilizer facility 4 is selected according to the control area of ​​the community, and a Venturi fertilizer applicator or a fertilizer tank is used for fertilization. The filter system 2 includes four types of filters, namely a centrifugal filter, a sand and gravel filter, a laminated filter and a self-cleaning mesh filter. The selection order of the filters is determined according to the type of pollution and the degree of pollution. The specific selection method is as shown in Table 1 below, where A is the first selection option, B is the second selection option, and C is the third selection option: Table 1 Filtration system selection method ;

[0020] The head branch pipe 11 and the tail branch pipe 10 are both provided with a branch pipe remote transmission electromagnetic flowmeter 12; wherein, the branch pipe remote transmission electromagnetic flowmeter 12 of the head branch pipe 11 is arranged at 0, 1 / 4, 2 / 4, 3 / 4 of the tail of the head branch pipe 11; the branch pipe remote transmission electromagnetic flowmeter 12 of the tail branch pipe 10 is arranged at 1 / 8, 3 / 8, 5 / 8, 7 / 8 of the tail of the tail branch pipe 10. A plurality of drip irrigation belts 7 and a plurality of capillary flowmeters 13 are provided on the capillary tube, and the capillary flowmeter 13 is arranged at one end of the drip irrigation belt 7 close to the head branch pipe 11.

[0021] The software layer includes a data acquisition and transmission module, a data processing and analysis module, and a control and management module. The data acquisition and transmission module collects real-time data from each monitoring point based on the head remote pressure gauge 6, the tail remote pressure gauge 8, the main remote electromagnetic flowmeter 5, and the branch remote electromagnetic flowmeter 12, and transmits it to the central control system; wireless communication technology (such as LoRa, NB-IoT or 4G / 5G) is used to achieve remote data transmission to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the data. The data processing and analysis module analyzes the data transmitted from different sensors in real time; by comparing and analyzing historical data with real-time data, it identifies abnormal conditions (such as damage, blockage) and determines where they occur. The control and management module is used to detect whether the drip irrigation belt 7 is damaged or blocked; when the drip irrigation belt 7 is detected to be damaged or blocked, the system automatically triggers a maintenance prompt or turns on the automatic flushing function to reduce the impact of system failures.

[0022] A method for an intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation, comprising four working modes, namely, daily monitoring mode, automatic diagnosis mode, automatic flushing mode and manual assistance mode; Daily monitoring mode: When the system is operating normally, the head remote pressure gauge 6, the tail remote pressure gauge 8, the main remote electromagnetic flowmeter 5 and the branch remote electromagnetic flowmeter 12 continuously monitor the pressure and flow data of the drip irrigation system, and use the average difference of the adjacent branch remote electromagnetic flowmeters as a reference. If the difference between the two adjacent branch remote electromagnetic flowmeters and the average value deviates by more than 5%, the system enters the automatic diagnosis mode. Through the flow data of the head branch pipe 11, the tail branch pipe 10 and the capillary pipe, the system locates the problem area in detail and sends the alarm information to the control and management module to achieve rapid fault location and response; Automatic diagnosis mode: At the initial stage of system operation, the system establishes the parameter range for normal operation by setting the initial pressure difference and flow reference value; when the system detects that the flow value of the remote electromagnetic flowmeter of the adjacent branch pipe is greater than the average value and the deviation exceeds 5%, and at the same time, the pressure is only lower than the normal pressure operating range, it is considered to be damaged; when the system detects that the flow value of the remote electromagnetic flowmeter of the adjacent branch pipe is less than the average value and the deviation exceeds 5%, but the pressure value is normal, it is considered that the drip irrigation system is blocked; and the fault point is located based on the difference between the remote electromagnetic flowmeters of the branch pipes; when a fault occurs, the system issues an alarm prompt through the display terminal and mobile phone APP to prompt the operation and maintenance personnel to perform maintenance in time.

[0023] Automatic flushing mode: The system is equipped with an automatic flushing function. Taking the initial operating pressure difference as a benchmark, when the irrigation is set to end or the pressure difference before and after is detected to exceed the initial pressure of 0.01-0.04MPa, the solenoid valve and the flushing valve 9 are automatically opened to start the drip irrigation belt 7 for flushing. The system controls the flushing flow rate through the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeter 12 to ensure that the flow rate remains within the range of 0.45-0.6m / s, and adopts a segmented pressure mode (such as flushing for 2min at 0.15MPa and flushing for 3min at 0.12MPa) to minimize the occurrence of blockage of the drip irrigation belt 7. The flushing frequency is adjusted according to the operation of the system, and flushing is usually carried out after every 2-3 irrigations. The flushing flow rate is controlled by the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeter 12. The appropriate flushing flow rate is 0.4-0.6m / s. The flushing pressure adopts a mode of 2 minutes at 0.15MPa and 3 minutes at 0.12MPa to minimize the occurrence of blockage of the drip irrigation belt 7. Ensure that the accumulated materials in the drip irrigation belt 7 are removed in time to extend the service life of the drip irrigation belt 7; Manual Assist Mode: In addition to automatic operation, the system also supports manual intervention. When the system indicates damage or blockage, the operation and maintenance personnel will view the fault point through the terminal equipment and conduct on-site inspection and maintenance according to the prompt information. At the same time, the system allows manual opening or closing of the flushing program and adjusts the operating status as needed.

[0024] Example Taking a farm in Tongzhou District, Beijing, which grows 50 mu of asparagus as an example, the underground drip irrigation system of the 50 mu of asparagus is divided into 5 irrigation areas. Groundwater is used for irrigation. The water source pollutants are mainly soil particles and suspended solids. Therefore, the filtration system configuration is selected as a centrifugal filter and a self-cleaning laminated filter. The fertilization facility uses a 100L pressure difference fertilizer tank for fertilization. The drip irrigation belt flow rate is 2.0L / h, and 800m of drip irrigation belt is laid per mu.

[0025] The underground drip irrigation system network is divided into 5 areas. The system network of a single area is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeters marked ①, ②, ③, and ④ are installed at the head, and the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeters marked ⑤, ⑥, ⑦, and ⑧ are installed at the tail. The interval between the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeters on one side is 20m, so under normal circumstances, the readings of the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeters ①, ②, ③, and ④ are 16m. 3 / h、12m 3 / h、8m 3 / h、4m 3 / h, the reading of the remote electromagnetic flowmeter for the branch pipes ⑤, ⑥, ⑦, and ⑧ is 14m 3 / h、10m 3 / h、6m 3 / h、2m 3 / h.

[0026] When the drip irrigation system is in operation for the first time, the difference between the head pressure and the tail pressure gauge is tested, and the difference is 0.03MPa. After each irrigation of the underground drip irrigation system network for 3 times, the capillary tube is flushed once, and the flushing flow rate is controlled by a remote electromagnetic flowmeter. The appropriate flushing flow rate is 0.45m / s, and the flushing pressure adopts a mode of 2min at 0.15MPa.

[0027] During a certain operation pressure process, when the later operation pressure difference reaches 0.05MPa and exceeds the initial operation pressure difference (0.03MPa) by 0.02MPa, it is determined that the drip irrigation belt is damaged, and further accurate judgment is made through the reading of the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeter. At this time, the reading of the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeter numbered ①, ②, ③, and ④ is 18m 3 / h、12m 3 / h、8m 3 / h、4m 3 / h, the reading of the remote electromagnetic flowmeter for branch pipes marked ⑤, ⑥, ⑦, and ⑧ is 16m 3 / h、10m 3 / h、6m 3 / h、2m 3 / h. Under this condition, only the remote electromagnetic flowmeters of branch pipes marked ① and ⑤ showed too large readings, and both reached 2m 3 / h, it can be determined that the location of the drip irrigation belt damage occurs between the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeters ①-⑤. After that, it is necessary to enter the field and check the capillary flowmeter readings between ①-⑤. The flow rate is greater than 2m 3 / h is a damaged drip irrigation tape.

[0028] If the remote electromagnetic flowmeter of the branch pipe marked as ①, ②, ③, ④ shows 13m 3 / h、12m 3 / h、8m 3 / h、4m 3 / h, the reading of the remote electromagnetic flowmeter for branch pipes marked ⑤, ⑥, ⑦, and ⑧ is 11m 3 / h、10m 3 / h、6m 3 / h、2m 3 / h. Under this condition, only the readings of the remote electromagnetic flowmeters of the branch pipes ① and ⑤ were lower than the normal value, reaching 1m 3 / h, it can be determined that the drip irrigation belt is blocked between electromagnetic flowmeters ①-⑤. After that, it is necessary to enter the field and check the readings of the capillary flowmeters between ①-⑤. The smaller the reading, the blocked drip irrigation belt.

[0029] The tail branch of the underground drip irrigation system is connected to a flushing valve and connected through a solenoid valve. After every three irrigations, the capillary tube is flushed once. The flushing flow rate is controlled by a remote electromagnetic flowmeter. The appropriate flushing flow rate is 0.45m / s, and the flushing pressure is 0.15MPa for 2min to minimize the occurrence of clogging of the underground drip irrigation belt.

[0030] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned intelligent real-time measurement and control method and system for underground drip irrigation, and provides an instant and intelligent identification method for pressure damage of the drip irrigation belt of the underground drip irrigation system through the coordinated use of the head remote pressure gauge, the tail remote pressure gauge, the main pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeter, the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flow and the capillary flowmeter; by connecting the head and tail of the drip irrigation belt to each other and connecting the flushing valve, a suitable flushing mode is proposed, thereby alleviating the blockage of the underground drip irrigation belt, greatly reducing the investment in system maintenance costs, and improving the economic benefits of crop planting.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation, characterized by: Monitor the damage and blockage of underground drip irrigation systems, including hardware and software layers; The hardware layer includes a main pipe, a head branch pipe, a capillary pipe, a tail branch pipe, a tail remote pressure gauge and a flushing valve connected in sequence; the main pipe is vertically arranged with the head branch pipe, the tail branch pipe is parallelly arranged with the head branch pipe, and the capillary pipe is vertically arranged between the tail branch pipe and the head branch pipe; a solenoid valve is also arranged between the tail branch pipe and the flushing valve; The main pipe is provided with a water source, a filtering system, an exhaust valve, a fertilizing facility, a main remote electromagnetic flowmeter and a head remote pressure gauge; the output end of the water source is connected to the input end of the filtering system, the output end of the filtering system is connected to the input end of the exhaust valve, the output end of the exhaust valve is connected to the input end of the fertilizing facility, the output end of the fertilizing facility is connected to the input end of the main remote electromagnetic flowmeter, and the output end of the main remote electromagnetic flowmeter is connected to the input end of the head remote pressure gauge; Branch pipe remote transmission electromagnetic flowmeters are installed on both the head branch pipe and the tail branch pipe; the branch pipe remote transmission electromagnetic flowmeter of the head branch pipe is arranged at 0, 1 / 4, 2 / 4, and 3 / 4 of the tail of the head branch pipe; the branch pipe remote transmission electromagnetic flowmeter of the tail branch pipe is arranged at 1 / 8, 3 / 8, 5 / 8, and 7 / 8 of the tail of the tail branch pipe; The software layer includes data acquisition and transmission module, data processing and analysis module and control and management module.

2. According to claim 1, the intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation is characterized by: A plurality of drip irrigation belts and a plurality of capillary flow meters are arranged on the capillary tube, and the capillary flow meter is arranged at one end of the drip irrigation belt close to the head branch pipe.

3. According to claim 2, the intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation is characterized in that: The filtration system includes four types of filters, namely centrifugal filters, sand and gravel filters, laminated filters and self-cleaning mesh filters. The order of filter selection is determined according to the type and degree of pollution.

4. According to claim 3, the intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation is characterized in that: The data acquisition and transmission module collects real-time data from each monitoring point based on the head remote pressure gauge, tail remote pressure gauge, main pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeter and branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeter, and transmits it to the central control system; wireless communication technology is used to achieve remote data transmission; the data processing and analysis module analyzes the data from different sensors in real time; through comparative analysis of historical data and real-time data, abnormal situations are identified and their locations are determined.

5. According to claim 4, the intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation is characterized in that: The control and management module is used to detect whether the drip irrigation tape is damaged or blocked; when the drip irrigation tape is detected to be damaged or blocked, the system automatically triggers a maintenance prompt or turns on the automatic flushing function.

6. A method for an intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes four working modes: daily monitoring mode, automatic diagnosis mode, automatic flushing mode and manual assistance mode.

7. The method of the intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The specific daily monitoring mode is as follows: when the system is operating normally, the head remote pressure gauge, the tail remote pressure gauge, the main remote electromagnetic flowmeter and the branch remote electromagnetic flowmeter continuously monitor the pressure and flow data of the drip irrigation system, and use the average difference value of the adjacent branch remote electromagnetic flowmeters as a reference. If the difference between the two adjacent branch remote electromagnetic flowmeters and the average value deviates by more than 5%, the system enters the automatic diagnosis mode; through the flow data of the head branch, tail branch and capillary tube, the system refines the location of the problem area and sends the alarm information to the control and management module to achieve rapid fault location and response.

8. The method of the intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The automatic diagnosis mode is as follows: at the initial stage of system operation, the system establishes the parameter range for normal operation by setting the initial pressure difference and flow reference value; when the system detects that the flow value of the remote electromagnetic flowmeter of the adjacent branch pipe is greater than the average value and the deviation exceeds 5%, and at the same time, the pressure is only lower than the normal pressure operating range, it is considered to be damaged; when the system detects that the flow value of the remote electromagnetic flowmeter of the adjacent branch pipe is less than the average value and the deviation exceeds 5%, but the pressure value is normal, it is considered that the drip irrigation system is blocked; and the fault point is located based on the difference between the remote electromagnetic flowmeters of the branch pipes; when a fault occurs, the system issues an alarm through the display terminal and mobile phone APP to prompt the operation and maintenance personnel to perform maintenance in time.

9. The method of the intelligent real-time measurement and control system for underground drip irrigation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The automatic flushing mode is as follows: the system is equipped with an automatic flushing function. Based on the initial operating pressure difference, when the irrigation is set to end or the pressure difference before and after is detected to exceed the initial pressure of 0.01-0.04MPa, the solenoid valve and flushing valve are automatically opened to start the drip irrigation belt for flushing. The system controls the flushing flow rate through the branch pipe remote electromagnetic flowmeter to ensure that the flow rate remains within the range of 0.45-0.6m / s, and adopts a segmented pressure mode to alleviate the occurrence of drip irrigation belt blockage. The flushing frequency is adjusted according to the system operation conditions.

10. The method of the intelligent real-time measurement and control system of underground drip irrigation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The manual assistance mode is as follows: the system supports manual intervention in addition to automatic operation; when the system prompts damage or blockage, the operation and maintenance personnel view the fault point through the terminal device and conduct on-site inspection and maintenance according to the prompt information; at the same time, the system allows manual opening or closing of the flushing program and adjusts the operating status as needed.

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