UWB-based transformer substation power equipment mechanical state online monitoring system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment mechanical state detection, and particularly relates to a UWB-based transformer substation electrical equipment mechanical state online monitoring system. Comprising a wireless sensor node, a fixed or mobile client and a cloud platform, the wireless sensor nodes are wireless vibration sensors which are distributed on power equipment in a transformer substation and carry UWB technology, and are used for collecting vibration signals of the equipment in real time; the fixed or mobile client collects detection data of each wireless sensor node so as to monitor vibration signals of each part of the equipment on line, and positions each sensing node through an algorithm; the cloud platform receives the position information and the monitoring data of each node, and performs big data processing and analysis to diagnose the mechanical state of the power equipment; according to the invention, the wireless sensing network communicates with the wireless sensing nodes through the fixed or mobile client, rapidly transmits vibration signals and positions the sensing nodes, and has the advantages of high-efficiency transmission, high-precision positioning and low-power-consumption operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical state detection of electric power equipment, and in particular relates to an online monitoring system for the mechanical state of electric power equipment in a substation based on UWB. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of power systems, the safe operation of substations is of vital importance. The mechanical condition of power equipment, especially the health of key components, has an important impact on the reliability and stability of the power system. Traditional mechanical condition monitoring mainly relies on manual inspections and periodic maintenance, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to detect potential problems in time at the early stage of failure. In recent years, with the development of sensor technology, wireless communication technology and the Internet of Things, the use of wireless sensor networks in power equipment condition monitoring has gradually increased. These technologies can realize real-time online monitoring of equipment, reduce maintenance costs and improve operating efficiency. However, wireless sensor networks face the challenges of complex electromagnetic environments in substation environments, and positioning accuracy and data transmission stability need to be further improved, so there are few practical applications.

[0003] Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has become an important part of modern wireless sensor networks with its high-precision positioning capability and strong anti-interference ability. The application of UWB in the field of power equipment monitoring has broad prospects, especially in high-noise environments and complex electromagnetic interference environments. UWB technology can effectively provide high-precision positioning data, stable communication links, fast data transmission and ultra-low power consumption. In this context, UWB-based wireless vibration sensor networks are suitable for mechanical status monitoring of power equipment in substations. By real-time monitoring of the vibration signals of the equipment and combining them with high-precision positioning data, it is possible to effectively identify equipment anomalies and achieve early fault warnings, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the power system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide an online monitoring system for the mechanical status of substation power equipment based on UWB. Through fixed or mobile clients communicating with wireless sensor nodes, vibration signals can be quickly transmitted and sensor nodes can be located. High-efficiency transmission, high-precision positioning and low-power operation are the advantages of this wireless sensor network.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved as follows: a UWB-based online monitoring system for the mechanical state of power equipment in a substation, comprising wireless sensor nodes, a fixed or mobile client, and a cloud platform; the wireless sensor nodes are wireless vibration sensors equipped with UWB technology that are distributedly arranged on power equipment in the substation, and are used to collect vibration signals of the equipment in real time; the fixed or mobile client collects detection data of each wireless sensor node to monitor vibration signals at various locations of the equipment online, and locates each sensor node through an algorithm; the cloud platform receives the location information and monitoring data of each node, performs big data processing and analysis, and diagnoses the mechanical state of the power equipment.

[0006] Through the wireless vibration sensor network equipped with UWB technology, accurate online monitoring of power equipment in substations can be achieved. These sensors are installed in a distributed manner on various key power equipment in substations, such as transformers, circuit breakers and disconnectors. Fixed clients or mobile clients can communicate with the wireless sensor network. The sensor collects vibration signals from the equipment in real time, transmits data wirelessly through UWB technology, and performs high-precision positioning to determine the precise position of the sensor in three-dimensional space. This positioning function ensures that the measurement data of each sensor node can be associated with its specific installation location, thereby providing comprehensive vibration status monitoring.

[0007] Furthermore, the wireless vibration sensor has vibration signal measurement and storage, UWB wireless transmission and edge computing functions.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixed client is fixedly installed near the power equipment to be tested, and the mobile client (such as a drone, a robot car, etc.) automatically inspects the substation. The client has UWB wireless transmission technology and is connected to the Internet.

[0009] Furthermore, when positioning each sensor node through the algorithm, when the sum of the number of wireless sensors and the number of clients is 3, the plane positioning of the sensor node is achieved; when the sum of the number of wireless sensors and the number of clients is greater than 3, the three-dimensional positioning of the sensor node is achieved.

[0010] Furthermore, after measuring the vibration signal, the wireless sensor transmits it to the client for storage via UWB wireless technology, and the client continues to upload the data to the cloud platform.

[0011] Furthermore, after the cloud platform obtains the sensor network location information and vibration signals, it diagnoses the mechanical state of the power equipment through multi-dimensional analysis, and the multi-dimensional analysis includes time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis, time-frequency domain analysis, and space domain analysis.

[0012] Each sensor node transmits vibration data and location information to a central server or cloud platform via a wireless network. In the cloud, the data is aggregated and processed, and the vibration signals at different times and locations are analyzed using big data analysis techniques. These analyses include signal processing in the time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain, as well as a comprehensive assessment of the mechanical state of the equipment using a spatial distribution model. Through algorithmic analysis, the system can identify abnormal changes in vibration patterns, thereby diagnosing the mechanical state of the equipment and providing early warning of potential failures. Ultimately, this wireless vibration sensor network based on UWB technology can provide reliable equipment health status monitoring for substations and improve the operational safety and maintenance efficiency of the power system.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The UWB-based online monitoring system for the mechanical state of power equipment in a substation of the present invention realizes low-power distributed online monitoring of the mechanical state of power equipment in a substation. Compared with the traditional wired monitoring system, the wireless sensor network of the present invention is more flexible in layout, reducing the complexity of wiring and maintenance costs. Secondly, by utilizing the high-precision positioning capability of UWB technology, the present invention can not only realize high-speed data transmission, but also accurately locate the position of sensor nodes, thereby realizing the spatial distribution analysis of equipment vibration signals. This three-dimensional monitoring function can effectively identify abnormal vibration sources and provide a more comprehensive mechanical state assessment. In addition, the present invention uses cloud-based big data analysis technology to perform multi-dimensional analysis of a large amount of collected vibration data in time domain, frequency domain, time-frequency domain, etc., which can detect potential equipment failures earlier, improve the accuracy and timeliness of fault warnings, and ultimately improve the safety and reliability of the power system. The outstanding advantages of the wireless vibration sensor network based on UWB technology are high-efficiency transmission, high-precision positioning, and low-power operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 This is the architecture diagram of the UWB-based online monitoring system for the mechanical status of substation power equipment.

[0016] Figure 2 A simplified diagram of the work for a stationary client.

[0017] Figure 3 A simplified diagram of the working of the mobile client. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a UWB-based online monitoring system for the mechanical state of power equipment in a substation of the present invention includes wireless sensor nodes, a fixed or mobile client, and a cloud platform; the wireless sensor nodes are wireless vibration sensors equipped with UWB technology that are distributed and arranged on the power equipment in the substation, and are used to collect vibration signals of the equipment in real time; the fixed or mobile client collects detection data of each wireless sensor node to monitor vibration signals at various locations of the equipment online, and locates each sensor node through an algorithm; the cloud platform receives the location information and monitoring data of each node, performs big data processing and analysis, and diagnoses the mechanical state of the power equipment.

[0022] Through the wireless vibration sensor network equipped with UWB technology, accurate online monitoring of power equipment in substations can be achieved. These sensors are installed in a distributed manner on various key power equipment in substations, such as transformers, circuit breakers and disconnectors. Fixed clients or mobile clients can communicate with the wireless sensor network. The sensor collects vibration signals from the equipment in real time, transmits data wirelessly through UWB technology, and performs high-precision positioning to determine the precise position of the sensor in three-dimensional space. This positioning function ensures that the measurement data of each sensor node can be associated with its specific installation location, thereby providing comprehensive vibration status monitoring.

[0023] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the wireless vibration sensor has vibration signal measurement and storage, UWB wireless transmission and edge computing functions.

[0024] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the fixed client is fixedly installed near the power equipment to be tested, and the mobile client (such as a drone, a robot car, etc.) automatically inspects the substation, and the client has UWB wireless transmission technology and is connected to the Internet.

[0025] Furthermore, in one embodiment, when the algorithm is used to locate each sensor node, when the sum of the number of wireless sensors and the number of clients is 3, the sensor node is located in plane; when the sum of the number of wireless sensors and the number of clients is greater than 3, the sensor node is located in three dimensions. During the positioning process, the wireless sensor node can autonomously perform measurements and calculations because it has edge computing capabilities, thereby participating in the positioning work.

[0026] UWB (ultra-wideband) positioning technology is a technology that achieves high-precision positioning by sending ultra-short pulse signals and measuring the time difference of signal arrival. It uses wide-band signals, has centimeter-level positioning accuracy, and can penetrate obstacles to reduce interference from multipath effects. The advantages of UWB technology lie in its excellent anti-interference ability, low power consumption and high-precision positioning, and is particularly suitable for application scenarios such as indoor positioning, industrial monitoring and the Internet of Things. In this patent, when locating each sensor node through an algorithm, when the sum of the number of wireless sensors and the number of clients is 3, the planar positioning of the sensor node can be achieved; when the sum of the number of wireless sensors and the number of clients is greater than 3, the three-dimensional positioning of the sensor node can be achieved. During the positioning process, the wireless sensor node can participate in the positioning work by autonomously measuring and calculating because it has edge computing functions.

[0027] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after measuring the vibration signal, the wireless sensor transmits it to the client for storage via UWB wireless technology, and the client continues to upload the data to the cloud platform.

[0028] Furthermore, in one embodiment, after the cloud platform obtains the sensor network location information and vibration signal, it diagnoses the mechanical state of the power equipment through multi-dimensional analysis, and the multi-dimensional analysis includes time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis, time-frequency domain analysis, and space domain analysis.

[0029] The vibration status of power equipment in the substation is monitored in real time through wireless sensor nodes. After detecting the vibration signal, each wireless sensor node transmits the collected signal to a fixed or mobile client through UWB wireless technology. The client is responsible for receiving these vibration signal data and can further upload the data to the Internet or cloud platform for centralized storage and processing. This data transmission method not only ensures high-precision data transmission, but also improves the real-time and flexibility of the system.

[0030] After obtaining the location information and vibration signals of each node in the wireless sensor network, the system conducts a comprehensive diagnosis of the mechanical status of the power equipment through a multi-dimensional analysis method. Specifically, the system conducts a detailed analysis of the vibration signal from multiple angles such as time domain, frequency domain, time-frequency domain and space domain.

[0031] Time Domain Analysis: Evaluate the time series characteristics of vibration signals, such as vibration amplitude and waveform, to identify potential abnormal patterns.

[0032] Frequency domain analysis: Apply Fourier transform and other techniques to analyze the spectral characteristics of the signal, identify the main frequency components and their harmonics, and reveal the working status of the equipment.

[0033] Time-frequency domain analysis: Through techniques such as short-time Fourier transform (STFT) or wavelet transform, the changes of signals in time and frequency are studied to capture dynamic characteristics.

[0034] Spatial domain analysis: Utilize the spatial distribution information of sensor nodes to analyze the propagation and distribution characteristics of vibration signals at different locations and identify abnormal vibration sources and patterns.

[0035] Combining these analysis results, the system can accurately diagnose the mechanical status of power equipment, identify potential failures and maintenance needs, and thus improve the operational safety and equipment reliability of the substation.

[0036] Each sensor node transmits vibration data and location information to a central server or cloud platform via a wireless network. In the cloud, the data is aggregated and processed, and the vibration signals at different times and locations are analyzed using big data analysis technology. These analyses include signal processing in the time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain, as well as comprehensive evaluation of the mechanical state of the equipment using spatial distribution models. Through algorithmic analysis, the system can identify abnormal changes in vibration patterns, thereby diagnosing the mechanical state of the equipment and providing early warning of potential failures. Ultimately, this wireless vibration sensor network based on UWB technology can provide reliable equipment health status monitoring for substations and improve the operational safety and maintenance efficiency of power systems.

[0037] In summary, the UWB-based online monitoring system for the mechanical state of power equipment in a substation of the present invention realizes low-power distributed online monitoring of the mechanical state of power equipment in a substation. Compared with the traditional wired monitoring system, the wireless sensor network of the present invention is more flexible in layout, reducing the complexity of wiring and maintenance costs. Secondly, by utilizing the high-precision positioning capability of UWB technology, the present invention can not only realize high-speed data transmission, but also accurately locate the position of sensor nodes, thereby realizing the spatial distribution analysis of equipment vibration signals. This three-dimensional monitoring function can effectively identify abnormal vibration sources and provide a more comprehensive mechanical state assessment. In addition, the present invention uses cloud-based big data analysis technology to perform multi-dimensional analysis of a large amount of collected vibration data in time domain, frequency domain, time-frequency domain, etc., which can detect potential equipment failures earlier, improve the accuracy and timeliness of fault warnings, and ultimately improve the safety and reliability of the power system. The outstanding advantages of the wireless vibration sensor network based on UWB technology are high-efficiency transmission, high-precision positioning, and low-power operation.

[0038] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0039] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A UWB-based online monitoring system for mechanical status of power equipment in substations, characterized in that: It includes wireless sensor nodes, fixed or mobile clients, and a cloud platform; the wireless sensor nodes are wireless vibration sensors equipped with UWB technology that are distributed and arranged on power equipment in substations, and are used to collect vibration signals of equipment in real time; the fixed or mobile clients collect detection data from each wireless sensor node to monitor vibration signals at various locations of the equipment online, and locate each sensor node through an algorithm; the cloud platform receives location information and monitoring data from each node, performs big data processing and analysis, and diagnoses the mechanical status of the power equipment.

2. A UWB-based online monitoring system for mechanical status of power equipment in a substation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless vibration sensor has vibration signal measurement and storage, UWB wireless transmission and edge computing functions.

3. The UWB-based online monitoring system for mechanical status of power equipment in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed client is fixedly installed near the power equipment to be tested, and the mobile client automatically inspects the substation. The client has UWB wireless transmission technology and is connected to the network.

4. The UWB-based online monitoring system for mechanical status of power equipment in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: When positioning each sensor node through the algorithm, when the sum of the number of wireless sensors and the number of clients is 3, the plane positioning of the sensor node is achieved; when the sum of the number of wireless sensors and the number of clients is greater than 3, the three-dimensional positioning of the sensor node is achieved.

5. The UWB-based online monitoring system for mechanical status of power equipment in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: After measuring the vibration signal, the wireless sensor transmits it to the client for storage via UWB wireless technology, and the client continues to upload the data to the cloud platform.

6. The UWB-based online monitoring system for mechanical status of power equipment in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the cloud platform obtains the sensor network location information and vibration signals, it diagnoses the mechanical state of the power equipment through multi-dimensional analysis, and the multi-dimensional analysis includes time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis, time-frequency domain analysis, and space domain analysis.

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