Low-profile directional circularly-polarized UWB array antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-profile directional circularly-polarized UWB array antenna which comprises a substrate, a square patch, a power divider and a short circuit column. The substrate comprises a substrate top layer, a substrate middle layer and a substrate bottom layer, a grounding surface structure is arranged at the bottom of the substrate bottom layer, the square patch is arranged on the substrate top layer, and the power divider is arranged on the substrate middle layer and corresponds to the square patch. The two ends of the power divider are connected with the square patches through short circuit columns. By adopting the stacked structure of'square patch-power divider-ground ', the energy coupling can be reduced, and the system isolation can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas applicable to wireless broadband communication systems, and in particular to a low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, various terminal devices are widely used in daily life, and users' demand for mobile communication devices is increasingly inclined towards low-profile, miniaturized and circularly polarized designs. Therefore, the development of low-profile, miniaturized antennas with circular polarization characteristics has become the focus of current research. Indoor positioning antennas must have low profile, high reliability and integrated design while meeting performance requirements such as anti-multipath effect, directional robustness and polarization matching. In addition, key performance indicators such as bandwidth and gain must meet corresponding standards to better meet user needs and application scenarios.

[0003] In current mobile communication systems, as remote controls become lighter, miniaturized antennas built into remote controls are gaining attention. However, designing antennas that can satisfy circular polarization characteristics while achieving miniaturization and low profile faces certain challenges. Usually, due to the small size of the antenna, the current length and radiation area are significantly reduced, which makes it difficult to achieve wide bandwidth while satisfying circular polarization characteristics. In addition, the design of miniaturized multi-antennas is also subject to some limitations. As the size decreases, the coupling problem between units becomes more prominent.

[0004] At present, the common methods for achieving circular polarization include single feed method and dual feed method. The single feed method usually achieves circular polarization by changing the shape of the radiating patch, but its circular polarization effect is often not ideal. In contrast, the dual feed method usually uses a power divider to achieve a better circular polarization effect. The traditional power divider layout is "antenna-ground-power divider", which aims to reduce the coupling between the antenna and the power divider and provide electrical isolation through the ground of the middle layer. However, if there is a circuit on the back of the power divider, it may cause energy coupling, thereby deteriorating performance. In order to overcome these challenges, this design uses a cut square radiating patch, adds a short-circuit column, opens a gap and digs a groove, and adopts an "antenna-power divider-ground" arrangement. The design aims to reduce size restrictions, improve bandwidth and radiation efficiency, and achieve circular polarization characteristics at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna that reduces size restrictions, improves bandwidth and radiation efficiency, and at the same time achieves circular polarization characteristics by adopting a cut square radiation patch, adding short-circuit columns, opening gaps and digging grooves, and adopting an "antenna-power divider-ground" arrangement.

[0006] The present invention proposes a low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna, comprising a substrate, a square patch, a power divider and a short-circuit post;

[0007] The substrate comprises a top layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, a ground plane structure is arranged at the bottom of the bottom layer, the square patch is arranged on the top layer, and the power divider is arranged on the middle layer and corresponds to the square patch;

[0008] The two ends of the power divider are connected to the square patch through the short-circuit column.

[0009] Preferably, the edges of the four corners of the square patch are cut off in an equilateral triangle shape to form inner folded edges of the square patch.

[0010] Preferably, a patch gap facing the center of the square patch is provided on the inner folded edge of the square patch.

[0011] Preferably, the patch gap is in a rectangular shape.

[0012] Preferably, the power divider is a one-to-two power divider, the power divider includes a first connecting microstrip line, a second connecting microstrip line and a third connecting microstrip line, the third connecting microstrip line is arranged in the middle of the power divider and is connected to one side of the square patch on the top through the short-circuit column, the first connecting microstrip line and the second connecting microstrip line are arranged at both ends of the power divider and are connected to the square patch on the top through the short-circuit column.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. By adopting the stacked structure of "square patch-power divider-ground", energy coupling can be reduced and system isolation can be improved.

[0015] 2. By setting up heat dissipation grooves on the top layer of the substrate, the heat dissipation performance can be improved, thereby improving the reliability of the system. It can also reduce the mutual interference between the antennas on both sides, thereby improving the signal reception quality, effectively reducing the impact of the multipath effect on the positioning accuracy, and optimizing the overall system effect.

[0016] 3. By setting patch gaps on the square patch, a variety of different electromagnetic modes can be excited. The superposition effect of these electromagnetic modes prompts the antenna to form multiple resonance points, thereby significantly expanding the bandwidth of the antenna to meet the needs of ultra-wideband communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A top view of the top layer of the substrate of the low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A side view of a low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A top view of the middle layer of the substrate of the low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 The standing wave ratio diagram of the low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 A gain peak diagram of a corresponding frequency of the low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a diagram showing the isolation variation of the low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 The directional diagrams of the low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna of the present invention in the E plane and the H plane in the center frequency band;

[0024] Figure 8 An axial ratio diagram of the low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna of the present invention;

[0025] Numbers in the figure: 1, substrate, 2, square patch, 3, power divider, 4, short-circuit column, 11, substrate bottom layer, 12, substrate middle layer, 13, substrate top layer, 21, inner folded edge of square patch, 31, first connecting microstrip line, 22, patch gap, 32, second connecting microstrip line, 33, third connecting microstrip line, 34, first long microstrip line, 35, second long microstrip line, 36, third long microstrip line, 37, first short microstrip line, 38, second short microstrip line, 39, third short microstrip line, 40, fourth short microstrip line, 41, fifth short microstrip line, 42, sixth short microstrip line, 111, heat sink.

[0026] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 8 , an embodiment of the low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna of the present invention is proposed:

[0029] A low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna comprises a substrate 1, a square patch 2, a power divider 3 and a short-circuit post 4.

[0030] The substrate 1 includes a substrate top layer 13, a substrate middle layer 12 and a substrate bottom layer 11. The distance between the substrate top layer 13 and the substrate middle layer 12 is greater than the distance between the substrate middle layer 12 and the substrate bottom layer 11. A ground plane structure is provided at the bottom of the substrate bottom layer 11. A heat dissipation slot 111 is provided in the middle of the substrate top layer 13. The heat dissipation slot 111 can improve the heat dissipation performance, thereby improving the reliability of the system, and can also reduce the mutual interference between the antennas on both sides, thereby improving the signal reception quality, effectively reducing the influence of the multipath effect on the positioning accuracy, and optimizing the overall system effect.

[0031] There are two square patches 2, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the heat dissipation slot 111 of the top layer 13 of the substrate. The edges of the four corners of the square patch 2 are cut off to form a square patch inner fold 21. The two square patch inner folds 21 on the front are provided with a rectangular patch gap 22 facing the center of the square patch. By providing the patch gap 22, a variety of different electromagnetic modes can be excited. The superposition effect of these electromagnetic modes prompts the antenna to form multiple resonance points, thereby significantly expanding the bandwidth of the antenna to meet the needs of ultra-wideband communication.

[0032] The power divider 3 is a one-to-two power divider and there are two of them respectively arranged in the middle layer 12 of the substrate, and the two power dividers 3 respectively correspond to the square patch 2 on the top layer 13 of the substrate. The power divider 3 includes a first connecting microstrip line 31, a second connecting microstrip line 32, a third connecting microstrip line 33, a first long microstrip line 34, a second long microstrip line 35, a third long microstrip line 36, a first short microstrip line 37, a second short microstrip line 38, a third short microstrip line 39, a fourth short microstrip line 40, a fifth short microstrip line 41 and a sixth short microstrip line 42.

[0033] The first connecting microstrip line 31 is arranged in the middle of the first long microstrip line 34, and one end of the first connecting microstrip line 31 is connected to one side of the square patch 2 at the top through a short-circuit column 4. One end of the top of the first long microstrip line 34 is connected to one end of the second long microstrip line 35, and the angle between the first long microstrip line 34 and the second long microstrip line 35 is 90°. The other end of the second long microstrip line 35 is connected to one end of the first short microstrip line 37, and the angle between the first short microstrip line 37 and the second long microstrip line 35 is 90°. The other end of the first short microstrip line 37 is connected to one end of the second short microstrip line 38, and the angle between the first short microstrip line 37 and the second short microstrip line 38 is 90°. The other end of the second short microstrip line 38 is connected to the second connecting microstrip line 32, and the second connecting microstrip line 32 is connected to the square patch 2 at the top through a short-circuit column 4. Thus, one side of the divider 3 is formed.

[0034] One end of the bottom of the first long microstrip line 34 is connected to one end of the third long microstrip line 36, and the angle between the third long microstrip line 36 and the first long microstrip line 34 is 90°. The other end of the third long microstrip line 36 is connected to one end of the third short microstrip line 39, and the angle between the third short microstrip line 39 and the third long microstrip line 36 is 90°. The other end of the third short microstrip line 39 is connected to one end of the fourth short microstrip line 40, and the angle between the third short microstrip line 39 and the fourth short microstrip line 40 is 90°. The other end of the fourth short microstrip line 40 is connected to one end of the fifth short microstrip line 41, the angle between the fourth short microstrip line 40 and the fifth short microstrip line 41 is 90°, the other end of the fifth short microstrip line 41 is connected to one end of the sixth short microstrip line 42, the angle between the fifth short microstrip line 41 and the sixth short microstrip line 42 is 90°, the other end of the sixth short microstrip line 42 is connected to the third connecting microstrip line 33, and the third connecting microstrip line 33 is connected to the square patch 2 at the top through the short-circuit column 4. Thus, the other side of the divider 3 is formed.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna, characterized in that: Including substrate, square patch, power divider and short-circuit column; The substrate comprises a top layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, a ground plane structure is arranged at the bottom of the bottom layer, the square patch is arranged on the top layer, and the power divider is arranged on the middle layer and corresponds to the square patch; The two ends of the power divider are connected to the square patch through the short-circuit column.

2. The low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edges of the four corners of the square patch are cut off in an equilateral triangle shape to form inner folded edges of the square patch.

3. The low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: A patch gap facing the center of the square patch is arranged on the inner folded edge of the square patch.

4. The low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The patch gap is in the shape of a rectangle.

5. According to the low-profile directional circularly polarized UWB array antenna according to claim 1, the power divider is a one-to-two power divider, and the power divider includes a first connecting microstrip line, a second connecting microstrip line and a third connecting microstrip line. The third connecting microstrip line is arranged in the middle of the power divider and is connected to one side of the square patch on the top through the short-circuit column. The first connecting microstrip line and the second connecting microstrip line are arranged at both ends of the power divider and are connected to the square patch on the top through the short-circuit column.

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