Guniting mineral source bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a guniting mineral source bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizers. The fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 to 80 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.1 to 0.5 part of trace elements, 10 to 20 parts of modified starch and 0.1 to 0.5 part of microbial liquid. According to the method, the bacillus subtilis capable of efficiently converting lignite to produce humic acid is selected, meanwhile, the pseudomonas delbrueckii and the bacillus thuringiensis are compounded and jointly fermented, the content of free humic acid is effectively increased, finally, a guniting process is adopted, the moisture of the organic fertilizer can be reduced, the particle strength is improved, and the method is suitable for a seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing technology, and the production efficiency is improved. The organic fertilizer is rich in nutrient elements, humic acid is good in water solubility, and the organic fertilizer has more advantages when being used as a crop nutrient source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizers, and in particular relates to a sprayed mineral-source bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ordinary organic fertilizers are mainly made from agricultural waste, livestock and poultry manure, etc., which are fermented as the main raw materials. They have high heavy metal content and are contaminated by pathogens and insect eggs. At the same time, the sources of organic fertilizer raw materials are different, the nutrients vary greatly, the product indicators are unstable, and problems such as seedling burn and secondary fermentation are prone to occur.

[0003] Humic acid is a natural and environmentally friendly organic functional additive for fertilizers, which plays an important role in improving soil quality, promoting plant growth and enhancing fertilizer efficiency. Humic acid is a weak acidic substance, which is widely extracted from products including peat, lignite, weathered coal and animal and plant residues. The commonly used method is "alkali extraction and acid precipitation". Its solubility in water depends on the pH value and the concentration of metal ions. Humic acid is a complex high molecular organic acid, which usually contains a large number of aromatic structures and various functional groups, such as carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, ketone, aldehyde, etc. These functional groups give humic acid good chemical activity and complex chemical properties, and also help to chelate nutrient trace elements, improve the solubility of nutrients and the absorption and utilization rate of plants. The special physical and chemical properties of humic acid have led to its wide application in the field of fertilizers, and it can effectively adapt to a variety of modern fertilizer irrigation technologies, and can take into account a variety of scenarios such as fertilizer combination, soil improvement, foliar spraying, drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation. Humic acid fertilizer is mainly made by physically mixing humic acid with various nutrient element fertilizers. The simultaneous use of humic acid and chemical fertilizers can not only improve the utilization rate of nutrients by crops, but also reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizers and reduce the occurrence of soil pollution problems.

[0004] At present, the commonly used humic acid products on the market are alkaline-extracted mineral humic acid. Due to the high pH, ​​it is easy to cause seedling burning when applied; the mineral humic acid products sold on the market mainly include potassium humate, potassium fulvic acid, humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, humic acid urea, humic acid compound fertilizer, etc., which mainly use coal humic acid, so it is also called mineral humic acid. Biohumic acid refers to humic acid products prepared by biomass as raw materials and biotechnology (mainly fermentation method). Its composition is extremely complex. In addition to being rich in humic acid components such as fulvic acid, it also contains amino acids, enzymes, beneficial microorganisms, vitamins, trace elements, etc. It has the functions of promoting plant growth, enhancing plant resistance, improving soil and improving product quality. Biohumic acid has a small molecular weight, many functional groups, strong biological activity, and has a good agricultural application effect.

[0005] However, most of the current humic acid fertilizers use a single humic acid product. Mineral humic acid has high cost and poor water solubility, while existing biological humic acid products have low effective ingredients, unstable fertilizer efficiency and high cost. For example, Chinese patent application CN201410571104.8 discloses an improved humic acid fertilizer and its processing technology, which includes the following materials by mass: 45% mineral humic acid, 20% biochemical potassium humate, 1% biologically active enzyme, 7% trace elements, 10% urea, 8% amino acids, 4% potassium nitrate, 4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and a certain amount of chelate added later. Therefore, how to improve the utilization rate and use effect of humic acid is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a humic acid organic fertilizer with diversified microorganisms, and combines the spraying process to effectively improve the application effect of humic acid and at the same time play a role in regulating soil activity.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.1-0.5 parts of trace elements, 10-20 parts of modified starch, and 0.1-0.5 parts of microbial liquid.

[0008] Furthermore, the trace elements are one or more of boric acid, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and manganese sulfate.

[0009] Furthermore, the microbial liquid is one or more of Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma harzianum, and Paenibacillus megaterium. The microbial liquid is obtained by mixing bacterial powder and molasses in a mass ratio of 2:1 and dispersing the mixture in water to obtain a microbial liquid with an effective viable count of ≥ 200 million / mL.

[0010] Furthermore, the composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: 10 g of humic acid was dispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 9-10, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 90-100° C. for 1-3 h to obtain solution A; formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) were added to solution A, and the mixture was stirred at 90-100° C. and 0.1 MPa for 1-3 h. After sterilization, mineral humic acid slurry was obtained; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of the composite fermentation bacterial liquid and 30 g of the nutrient material, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and the mixed fermentation was carried out at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0011] Furthermore, the nutrient material is obtained by mixing sucrose and yeast powder in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0012] Furthermore, the composite fermentation liquid in step (2) is prepared from Pseudomonas yamana ( Pseudomonas Yamanos )、Bacillus subtilis( Bacillus subtilis ) and Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bacillus Thuringian ), the volume ratio of the three is 1:1:1, and the specific preparation method is: cryopreserved Pseudomonas yamana, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis are inoculated onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, and cultured at suitable temperature of 25-30℃ for 48h, then a loop of colonies are respectively inoculated into LB liquid culture medium, and shaken and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ and 120r / min for 48h to obtain three bacterial liquids; the three bacterial liquids are evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, and then the mixed bacterial liquid is inoculated into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum size of 5%, and expanded and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ for 96h to obtain a composite fermentation bacterial liquid.

[0013] Furthermore, the strain number of the Pseudomonas yamana is CGMCC No.1.16088, and the original preservation time is February 13, 2017; the strain number of the Bacillus thuringiensis is CGMCC No.1.8790, and the original preservation time is October 21, 2008; both Pseudomonas yamana and Bacillus thuringiensis are purchased from the General Microbiological Center of the China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration; Pseudomonas yamana and Bacillus thuringiensis can be queried and purchased through the public catalog of the collection center, so there is no need to repeat biological preservation. The deposit number of the Bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.44482, which is deposited in the General Microbiological Center of the China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, the deposit date is September 12, 2023, and the deposit address is No. 3, No. 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

[0014] The Bacillus subtilis was isolated from waste sludge in the oil field. The separation and purification method is as follows: the sludge is dried and placed in a sterilized container, 7 g of the soil sample is added to a 250 mL triangular flask containing 90 mL of sterile water, a number of glass beads are added, and the mixture is cultured at 28°C and 220 r / min for 2 h. 1.0 mL of the mixed solution is taken into a test tube containing 9.0 mL of sterile water, mixed, and a concentration gradient of 10 -1 , 10 -2 , 10 -3 , 10 -4 , 10 -5 , 10 -6 , 10 -7 Bacterial suspension. Take 0.1 mL of each concentration of bacterial suspension and spread it on YG plate. Repeat 3 times for each concentration and culture at 28-30°C for 2-3 days. Pick single colonies with different morphologies and streak them on YG plate for purification. Inoculate the obtained single colonies on LB slant and culture at 2°C for 2 days, then store at 4°C.

[0015] The YG plate (g / L) is composed of: yeast extract 1.00, glucose 1.00, K2HPO4 0.30, KH2PO4 0.25, MgSO4 0.20, pH 7.2-7.4 (solid culture medium: add 2% agar).

[0016] Strain screening: Take a 250 mL conical flask for each strain, add 150 mL LB liquid culture medium, and sterilize it in a high-pressure steam sterilizer at 121°C for 20 min. Inoculate the strain into the corresponding liquid culture medium triangular flask, and after culturing for 3 days, add 5g of lignite sample to each triangular flask at the same time. After mixing evenly, place the conical flask in a constant temperature shaker for 10 days of shaking culture, collect the treated lignite samples in the culture medium, determine their humic acid content, and screen out the strain with the best effect of converting lignite to produce humic acid, which is the target strain Bacillus subtilis.

[0017] The obtained Bacillus subtilis was cultured on LB solid medium. The colony edges were irregular, irregular dots, and the surface was wrinkled and rough, and light yellow. Figure 1 shown.

[0018] A method for preparing a shotcrete mineral-derived bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and stirring composite humic acid slurry, trace elements, and modified starch in parts by weight to obtain spray slurry, and conveying the slurry to a granulator for spray granulation; (2) Screening: The particles are screened by rolling screen, and the particles with a diameter of 2mm-4mm are selected as finished particles. The particles with a diameter of less than 2mm or greater than 4mm are reprocessed; (3) Cooling: The dried particles are rolled in a cooling drum for cooling for 10-30 minutes; (4) Adding bacteria: After cooling, the particles enter the drum, and the microbial liquid is atomized and evenly coated on the surface of the particles; (5) Packaging and warehousing: The obtained particles are inspected, packaged and stored to obtain the finished bio-organic fertilizer.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (1) of spray granulation, the head temperature is 400-450°C, the tail temperature is 60-65°C, and the spraying volume is 10-15m 3 / h.

[0020] Beneficial effects: (1) First, the present invention pre-treats the commercial humic acid raw material to obtain a mineral humic acid slurry, thereby increasing its water solubility to a certain extent. Subsequently, lignite raw material is added to the mineral humic acid slurry for microbial fermentation treatment.

[0021] (2) A strain of Bacillus subtilis that can efficiently convert lignite into humic acid was screened and obtained. It was also compounded with Pseudomonas yamanensis and Bacillus thuringiensis. The three were fermented together to effectively increase the content of free humic acid. At the same time, a large amount of enzymes were produced during the fermentation process. These enzymes can catalyze the degradation of humic acid macromolecules into small molecules, thereby increasing the activity of humic acid. The final humic acid product has a high active ingredient content and can be effectively absorbed by crops, promoting crop growth.

[0022] (3) The present invention wraps the microorganisms in the outer layer and adds modified starch and trace elements, which can promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. The trace elements provide supplementary nutrition, and the wrapping of microorganisms can effectively increase the microbial biomass and enzyme activity in the soil, thereby achieving the effect of promoting nutrient circulation.

[0023] (4) Finally, the present invention adopts the spraying process. The spraying granulation technology can produce high-quality fertilizer particles. These particles have a high nutrient content and good physical properties. At the same time, spraying granulation can reduce the moisture content of organic fertilizer and improve the particle strength. It is suitable for seed and fertilizer co-seeding technology. The organic fertilizer of the present invention is rich in nutrient elements and has good water solubility of humic acid, which is more advantageous as a nutrient source for crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a colony diagram of Bacillus subtilis of the present invention; Figure 2 The coal dissolving effect diagram of Pseudomonas yamanensis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis of the present invention, wherein (a) is Pseudomonas yamanensis, (b) is Bacillus subtilis, and (c) is Bacillus thuringiensis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but is not limited thereto.

[0026] Example 1 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.4 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of modified starch, and 0.3 parts of microbial liquid.

[0027] The trace elements are obtained by mixing boric acid and zinc sulfate in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0028] The microbial liquid is Bacillus licheniformis. The microbial liquid is obtained by mixing bacterial powder and molasses in a mass ratio of 2:1 and dispersing the mixture in water to obtain a microbial liquid with an effective viable count of ≥ 200 million / mL.

[0029] The composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: 10 g of humic acid was dispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 9-10, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 90-100° C. for 1 h to obtain solution A; formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) were added to solution A, and the mixture was stirred at 90-100° C. and 0.1 MPa for 1 h. After sterilization, mineral humic acid slurry was obtained; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of the composite fermentation bacterial liquid and 30 g of the nutrient material, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and the mixed fermentation was carried out at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0030] The nutrient material is obtained by mixing sucrose and yeast powder in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0031] Step (2) The composite fermentation liquid is prepared from Pseudomonas yamana ( Pseudomonas yamanorum )、Bacillus subtilis( Bacillus subtilis ) and Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bacillus thuringiensis), the volume ratio of the three is 1:1:1, and the specific preparation method is: cryopreserved Pseudomonas yamana, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis are inoculated onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, and cultured at suitable temperature of 25-30℃ for 48h, then a loop of colonies are respectively inoculated into LB liquid culture medium, and shaken and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ and 120r / min for 48h to obtain three bacterial liquids; the three bacterial liquids are evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, and then the mixed bacterial liquid is inoculated into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum size of 5%, and expanded and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ for 96h to obtain a composite fermentation bacterial liquid.

[0032] The strain number of the Pseudomonas yamana is CGMCC No.1.16088, and the strain number of the Bacillus thuringiensis is CGMCC No.1.8790, both of which were purchased from the General Microbiology Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration; both Pseudomonas yamana and Bacillus thuringiensis can be queried and purchased through the public catalog of the collection center, so there is no need to repeat biological preservation. The deposit number of the Bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.44482, which is deposited in the General Microbiology Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, the deposit date is September 12, 2023, and the deposit address is No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

[0033] The Bacillus subtilis was isolated from waste sludge in the oil field. The separation and purification method is as follows: the sludge is dried and placed in a sterilized container, 7 g of the soil sample is added to a 250 mL triangular flask containing 90 mL of sterile water, a number of glass beads are added, and the mixture is cultured at 28°C and 220 r / min for 2 h. 1.0 mL of the mixed solution is taken into a test tube containing 9.0 mL of sterile water, mixed, and a concentration gradient of 10 -1 , 10 -2 , 10 -3 , 10 -4 , 10 -5 , 10 -6 , 10 -7 Bacterial suspension. Take 0.1 mL of each concentration of bacterial suspension and spread it on YG plate. Repeat 3 times for each concentration and culture at 28-30°C for 2-3 days. Pick single colonies with different morphologies and streak them on YG plate for purification. Inoculate the obtained single colonies on LB slant and culture at 2°C for 2 days, then store at 4°C.

[0034] The YG plate (g / L) is composed of: yeast extract 1.00, glucose 1.00, K2HPO4 0.30, KH2PO4 0.25, MgSO4 0.20, pH 7.2-7.4 (solid culture medium: add 2% agar).

[0035] Strain screening: Take a 250 mL conical flask for each strain, add 150 mL LB liquid culture medium, and sterilize it in a high-pressure steam sterilizer at 121°C for 20 min. Inoculate the strain into the corresponding liquid culture medium triangular flask, and after culturing for 3 days, add 5g of lignite sample to each triangular flask at the same time. After mixing evenly, place the conical flask in a constant temperature shaker for 10 days of shaking culture, collect the treated lignite samples in the culture medium, determine their humic acid content, and screen out the strain with the best effect of converting lignite to produce humic acid, which is the target strain Bacillus subtilis.

[0036] A method for preparing a shotcrete mineral-derived bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and stirring composite humic acid slurry, trace elements, and modified starch in parts by weight to obtain spray slurry, and conveying the slurry to a granulator for spray granulation; (2) Screening: The particles are screened by rolling screen, and the particles with a diameter of 2mm-4mm are selected as finished particles. The particles with a diameter of less than 2mm or greater than 4mm are reprocessed; (3) Cooling: The dried particles are rolled in a cooling drum for cooling for 10-30 minutes; (4) Adding bacteria: After cooling, the particles enter the drum, and the microbial liquid is atomized and evenly coated on the surface of the particles; (5) Packaging and warehousing: The obtained particles are inspected, packaged and stored to obtain the finished bio-organic fertilizer.

[0037] Step (1) During the spraying granulation, the head temperature is 400°C, the tail temperature is 60-65°C, and the spraying volume is 10m 3 / h.

[0038] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥60%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0039] Example 2 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.1 parts of trace elements, 15 parts of modified starch, and 0.1 parts of microbial liquid.

[0040] The trace elements are obtained by mixing ferrous sulfate and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0041] The microbial liquid is Paenibacillus megaterium. The microbial liquid is obtained by mixing bacterial powder and molasses in a mass ratio of 2:1 and dispersing the mixture in water to obtain a microbial liquid with an effective viable count of ≥ 200 million / mL.

[0042] The composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: 10 g of humic acid was dispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 9-10, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 90-100° C. for 1 h to obtain solution A; formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) were added to solution A, and the mixture was stirred at 90-100° C. and 0.1 MPa for 2 h. After sterilization, mineral humic acid slurry was obtained; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of the composite fermentation bacterial liquid and 30 g of the nutrient material, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and the mixed fermentation was carried out at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0043] The nutrient material is obtained by mixing sucrose and yeast powder in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0044] Step (2) The composite fermentation liquid is prepared from Pseudomonas yamana ( Pseudomonas yamanorum )、Bacillus subtilis( Bacillus subtilis ) and Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bacillus thuringiensis ), the volume ratio of the three is 1:1:1, and the specific preparation method is: cryopreserved Pseudomonas yamana, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis are inoculated onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, and cultured at suitable temperature of 25-30℃ for 48h, then a loop of colonies are respectively inoculated into LB liquid culture medium, and shaken and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ and 120r / min for 48h to obtain three bacterial liquids; the three bacterial liquids are evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, and then the mixed bacterial liquid is inoculated into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum size of 5%, and expanded and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ for 96h to obtain a composite fermentation bacterial liquid.

[0045] The strain number of the Pseudomonas yamana is CGMCC No.1.16088, and the strain number of the Bacillus thuringiensis is CGMCC No.1.8790, both of which were purchased from the General Microbiology Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration; both Pseudomonas yamana and Bacillus thuringiensis can be queried and purchased through the public catalog of the collection center, so there is no need to repeat biological preservation. The deposit number of the Bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.44482, which is deposited in the General Microbiology Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, the deposit date is September 12, 2023, and the deposit address is No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

[0046] The Bacillus subtilis separation and screening method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0047] A method for preparing a shotcrete mineral-derived bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and stirring composite humic acid slurry, trace elements, and modified starch in parts by weight to obtain spray slurry, and conveying the slurry to a granulator for spray granulation; (2) Screening: The particles are screened by rolling screen, and the particles with a diameter of 2mm-4mm are selected as finished particles. The particles with a diameter of less than 2mm or greater than 4mm are reprocessed; (3) Cooling: The dried particles are rolled in a cooling drum for cooling for 10-30 minutes; (4) Adding bacteria: After cooling, the particles enter the drum, and the microbial liquid is atomized and evenly coated on the surface of the particles; (5) Packaging and warehousing: The obtained particles are inspected, packaged and stored to obtain the finished bio-organic fertilizer.

[0048] Step (1) During the spraying granulation, the head temperature is 400°C, the tail temperature is 60-65°C, and the spraying volume is 11m 3 / h.

[0049] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥60%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0050] Example 3 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.5 parts of trace elements, 10 parts of modified starch, and 0.5 parts of microbial liquid.

[0051] The trace elements are obtained by mixing boric acid, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:3.

[0052] The microbial liquid is Bacillus licheniformis. The microbial liquid is obtained by mixing bacterial powder and molasses in a mass ratio of 2:1 and dispersing the mixture in water to obtain a microbial liquid with an effective viable count of ≥ 200 million / mL.

[0053] The composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: 10 g of humic acid was dispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 9-10, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 90-100° C. for 3 h to obtain solution A; formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) were added to solution A, and the mixture was stirred at 90-100° C. and 0.1 MPa for 3 h. After sterilization, mineral humic acid slurry was obtained; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of the composite fermentation bacterial liquid and 30 g of the nutrient material, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and the mixed fermentation was carried out at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0054] The nutrient material is obtained by mixing sucrose and yeast powder in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0055] Step (2) The composite fermentation liquid is prepared from Pseudomonas yamana ( Pseudomonas yamanorum )、Bacillus subtilis( Bacillus subtilis ) and Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bacillus thuringiensis ), the volume ratio of the three is 1:1:1, and the specific preparation method is: cryopreserved Pseudomonas yamana, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis are inoculated onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, and cultured at suitable temperature of 25-30℃ for 48h, then a loop of colonies are respectively inoculated into LB liquid culture medium, and shaken and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ and 120r / min for 48h to obtain three bacterial liquids; the three bacterial liquids are evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, and then the mixed bacterial liquid is inoculated into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum size of 5%, and expanded and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ for 96h to obtain a composite fermentation bacterial liquid.

[0056] The strain number of the Pseudomonas yamana is CGMCC No.1.16088, and the strain number of the Bacillus thuringiensis is CGMCC No.1.8790, both of which were purchased from the General Microbiology Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration; both Pseudomonas yamana and Bacillus thuringiensis can be queried and purchased through the public catalog of the collection center, so there is no need to repeat biological preservation. The deposit number of the Bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.44482, which is deposited in the General Microbiology Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, the deposit date is September 12, 2023, and the deposit address is No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

[0057] The Bacillus subtilis separation and screening method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0058] A method for preparing a shotcrete mineral-derived bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and stirring composite humic acid slurry, trace elements, and modified starch in parts by weight to obtain spray slurry, and conveying the slurry to a granulator for spray granulation; (2) Screening: The particles are screened by rolling screen, and the particles with a diameter of 2mm-4mm are selected as finished particles. The particles with a diameter of less than 2mm or greater than 4mm are reprocessed; (3) Cooling: The dried particles are rolled in a cooling drum for cooling for 10-30 minutes; (4) Adding bacteria: After cooling, the particles enter the drum, and the microbial liquid is atomized and evenly coated on the surface of the particles; (5) Packaging and warehousing: The obtained particles are inspected, packaged and stored to obtain the finished bio-organic fertilizer.

[0059] Step (1) During the spraying granulation, the head temperature is 450°C, the tail temperature is 60-65°C, and the spraying volume is 15m 3 / h.

[0060] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥60%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0061] Example 4 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 72 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.3 parts of trace elements, 15 parts of modified starch, and 0.4 parts of microbial liquid.

[0062] The trace elements are obtained by mixing boric acid, zinc sulfate and ferrous sulfate in a mass ratio of 1:2:1.

[0063] The microbial liquid is Bacillus licheniformis. The microbial liquid is obtained by mixing bacterial powder and molasses in a mass ratio of 2:1 and dispersing the mixture in water to obtain a microbial liquid with an effective viable count of ≥ 200 million / mL.

[0064] The composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: 10 g of humic acid was dispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 9-10, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 90-100° C. for 1 h to obtain solution A; formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) were added to solution A, and the mixture was stirred at 90-100° C. and 0.1 MPa for 1 h. After sterilization, mineral humic acid slurry was obtained; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of the composite fermentation bacterial liquid and 30 g of the nutrient material, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and the mixed fermentation was carried out at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0065] The nutrient material is obtained by mixing sucrose and yeast powder in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0066] Step (2) The composite fermentation liquid is prepared from Pseudomonas yamana ( Pseudomonas yamanorum )、Bacillus subtilis( Bacillus subtilis ) and Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bacillus thuringiensis ), the volume ratio of the three is 1:1:1, and the specific preparation method is: cryopreserved Pseudomonas yamana, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis are inoculated onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, and cultured at suitable temperature of 25-30℃ for 48h, then a loop of colonies are respectively inoculated into LB liquid culture medium, and shaken and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ and 120r / min for 48h to obtain three bacterial liquids; the three bacterial liquids are evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, and then the mixed bacterial liquid is inoculated into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum size of 5%, and expanded and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ for 96h to obtain a composite fermentation bacterial liquid.

[0067] The strain number of the Pseudomonas yamana is CGMCC No.1.16088, and the strain number of the Bacillus thuringiensis is CGMCC No.1.8790, both of which were purchased from the General Microbiology Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration; both Pseudomonas yamana and Bacillus thuringiensis can be queried and purchased through the public catalog of the collection center, so there is no need to repeat biological preservation. The deposit number of the Bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.44482, which is deposited in the General Microbiology Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, the deposit date is September 12, 2023, and the deposit address is No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

[0068] The Bacillus subtilis separation and screening method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0069] A method for preparing a shotcrete mineral-derived bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and stirring composite humic acid slurry, trace elements, and modified starch in parts by weight to obtain spray slurry, and conveying the slurry to a granulator for spray granulation; (2) Screening: The particles are screened by rolling screen, and the particles with a diameter of 2mm-4mm are selected as finished particles. The particles with a diameter of less than 2mm or greater than 4mm are reprocessed; (3) Cooling: The dried particles are rolled in a cooling drum for cooling for 10-30 minutes; (4) Adding bacteria: After cooling, the particles enter the drum, and the microbial liquid is atomized and evenly coated on the surface of the particles; (5) Packaging and warehousing: The obtained particles are inspected, packaged and stored to obtain the finished bio-organic fertilizer.

[0070] Step (1) During the spraying granulation, the head temperature is 450°C, the tail temperature is 60-65°C, and the spraying volume is 12m 3 / h.

[0071] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥60%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0072] Comparative Example 1 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of mineral-source humic acid slurry, 0.4 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of modified starch, and 0.3 parts of microbial liquid.

[0073] The preparation method of the mineral source humic acid slurry is: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: Disperse 10 g of humic acid in 50 ml of deionized water, add potassium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 9-10, and stir for 1 h at a constant temperature of 90-100°C to obtain solution A; add formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) to solution A, stir for 1 h at 90-100°C and 0.1 MPa, and sterilize to obtain mineral humic acid slurry.

[0074] In this comparative example, except that only mineral source humic acid slurry was used, the other raw materials and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1.

[0075] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥40%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0076] Comparative Example 2 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of biological humic acid slurry, 0.4 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of modified starch, and 0.3 parts of microbial liquid.

[0077] The preparation method of the biological humic acid slurry is: (1) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 90 g of the pretreated coal sample was added with 10 mL of composite fermentation bacterial liquid and 30 g of nutrients, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and mixed and fermented at 26-30°C for 10 days. After the fermentation, a composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0078] In this comparative example, except that only biological humic acid slurry was used, the other raw materials and preparation methods were the same as those in Example 1.

[0079] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥50%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0080] Comparative Example 3 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.4 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of modified starch, and 0.3 parts of microbial liquid.

[0081] The composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: 10 g of humic acid was dispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 9-10, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 90-100° C. for 1 h to obtain solution A; formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) were added to solution A, and the mixture was stirred at 90-100° C. and 0.1 MPa for 1 h. After sterilization, mineral humic acid slurry was obtained; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of fermentation liquid and 30 g of nutrients, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and mixed and fermented at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0082] The fermentation bacterial liquid in step (2) is Bacillus subtilis, and the specific preparation method is as follows: inoculate the frozen Bacillus subtilis onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, culture at a suitable temperature of 25-30°C for 48 hours, then take a loop of colonies and inoculate into LB liquid culture medium, shake and culture in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C and 120r / min for 48 hours to obtain bacterial liquid; then inoculate the mixed bacterial liquid into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum size of 5%, expand and culture in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C for 96 hours to obtain fermentation bacterial liquid.

[0083] In this comparative example, except that only Bacillus subtilis was used in the preparation of the biological humic acid slurry, the other raw materials and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1.

[0084] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥50%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0085] Comparative Example 4 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.4 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of modified starch, and 0.3 parts of microbial liquid.

[0086] The composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: 10 g of humic acid was dispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 9-10, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 90-100° C. for 1 h to obtain solution A; formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) were added to solution A, and the mixture was stirred at 90-100° C. and 0.1 MPa for 1 h. After sterilization, mineral humic acid slurry was obtained; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of fermentation liquid and 30 g of nutrients, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and mixed and fermented at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0087] The fermentation bacterial liquid in step (2) is Pseudomonas yamanorum, and the specific preparation method is: inoculate the frozen Pseudomonas yamanorum onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, culture at suitable temperature of 25-30°C for 48h, then take a loop of colonies and inoculate into LB liquid culture medium, shake and culture in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C and 120r / min for 48h to obtain bacterial liquid; then inoculate the mixed bacterial liquid into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum size of 5%, expand and culture in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C for 96h to obtain fermentation bacterial liquid.

[0088] In this comparative example, except that only Pseudomonas yamanensis was used in the preparation of the biological humic acid slurry, the other raw materials and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1.

[0089] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥50%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0090] Comparative Example 5 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.4 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of modified starch, and 0.3 parts of microbial liquid.

[0091] The composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: 10 g of humic acid was dispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 9-10, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 90-100° C. for 1 h to obtain solution A; formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) were added to solution A, and the mixture was stirred at 90-100° C. and 0.1 MPa for 1 h. After sterilization, mineral humic acid slurry was obtained; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of fermentation liquid and 30 g of nutrients, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and mixed and fermented at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0092] The fermentation bacterial liquid in step (2) is Bacillus thuringiensis, and the specific preparation method is: inoculate the frozen Bacillus thuringiensis onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, culture at a suitable temperature of 25-30°C for 48 hours, then take a loop of colonies and inoculate into LB liquid culture medium, shake and culture in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C and 120r / min for 48 hours to obtain bacterial liquid; then inoculate the mixed bacterial liquid into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum size of 5%, expand and culture in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C for 96 hours to obtain fermentation bacterial liquid.

[0093] In this comparative example, except that only Bacillus thuringiensis was used in the preparation of the biological humic acid slurry, the other raw materials and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1.

[0094] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥50%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0095] Comparative Example 6 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.4 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of modified starch, and 0.3 parts of microbial liquid.

[0096] The composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: 10 g of humic acid was dispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 9-10, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 90-100° C. for 1 h to obtain solution A; formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) were added to solution A, and the mixture was stirred at 90-100° C. and 0.1 MPa for 1 h. After sterilization, mineral humic acid slurry was obtained; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of the composite fermentation bacterial liquid and 30 g of the nutrient material, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and the mixed fermentation was carried out at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0097] The composite fermentation bacterial liquid of step (2) is composed of Pseudomonas yamanorum and Bacillus subtilis, and the volume ratio of the three is 1:1. The specific preparation method is: the frozen Pseudomonas yamanorum and Bacillus subtilis are inoculated onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, and cultured at a suitable temperature of 25-30°C for 48 hours, then a loop of colonies are taken and inoculated into LB liquid culture medium respectively, and shaken and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C and 120r / min for 48 hours to obtain three bacterial liquids; the two bacterial liquids are mixed evenly at a volume ratio of 1:1, and then the mixed bacterial liquid is inoculated into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum amount of 5%, and expanded and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C for 96 hours to obtain a composite fermentation bacterial liquid.

[0098] In this comparative example, except that only Pseudomonas yamanensis and Bacillus subtilis were used in the preparation of the biological humic acid slurry, the other raw materials and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1.

[0099] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥60%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0100] Comparative Example 7 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.4 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of modified starch, and 0.3 parts of microbial liquid.

[0101] The composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: 10 g of humic acid was dispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 9-10, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 90-100° C. for 1 h to obtain solution A; formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) were added to solution A, and the mixture was stirred at 90-100° C. and 0.1 MPa for 1 h. After sterilization, mineral humic acid slurry was obtained; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of the composite fermentation bacterial liquid and 30 g of the nutrient material, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and the mixed fermentation was carried out at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0102] The composite fermentation bacterial liquid of step (2) is composed of Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus subtilis, and the volume ratio of the three is 1:1. The specific preparation method is: cryopreserved Pseudomonas yamana and Bacillus subtilis are inoculated onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, and cultured at a suitable temperature of 25-30°C for 48 hours, then taking a loop of colonies and inoculating them into LB liquid culture medium respectively, and shaking and culturing them in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C and 120r / min for 48 hours to obtain three bacterial liquids; the two bacterial liquids are mixed evenly at a volume ratio of 1:1, and then the mixed bacterial liquid is inoculated into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum amount of 5%, and expanded and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C for 96 hours to obtain a composite fermentation bacterial liquid.

[0103] In this comparative example, except that only Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus subtilis were used in the preparation of the biological humic acid slurry, the other raw materials and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1.

[0104] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥60%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0105] Comparative Example 8 A sprayed mineral-source biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.4 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of modified starch, and 0.3 parts of microbial liquid.

[0106] The composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: 10 g of humic acid was dispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 9-10, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 90-100° C. for 1 h to obtain solution A; formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) were added to solution A, and the mixture was stirred at 90-100° C. and 0.1 MPa for 1 h. After sterilization, mineral humic acid slurry was obtained; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of the composite fermentation bacterial liquid and 30 g of the nutrient material, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and the mixed fermentation was carried out at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

[0107] The composite fermentation bacterial liquid of step (2) is composed of Bacillus thuringiensis and Pseudomonas yamanorum, and the volume ratio of the three is 1:1. The specific preparation method is: cryopreserved Pseudomonas yamanorum and Bacillus subtilis are inoculated onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, and cultured at a suitable temperature of 25-30°C for 48 hours, then taking a loop of colonies and inoculating them into LB liquid culture medium respectively, and shaking and culturing them in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C and 120r / min for 48 hours to obtain three bacterial liquids; the two bacterial liquids are mixed evenly at a volume ratio of 1:1, and then the mixed bacterial liquid is inoculated into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum amount of 5%, and expanded and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30°C for 96 hours to obtain a composite fermentation bacterial liquid.

[0108] In this comparative example, except that only Bacillus thuringiensis and Pseudomonas yamanensis were used in the preparation of the biological humic acid slurry, the other raw materials and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1.

[0109] The product performance is tested according to the corresponding methods in the national quality standard for organic fertilizer NY525-2021. The product's organic matter is ≥60%, moisture is ≤10%, pH is 6-9, and the number of effective live bacteria is ≥100 million / g.

[0110] Performance Testing Test on lignite degradation ability of bacterial strains The frozen Pseudomonas yamana, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis were inoculated onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, and placed in a constant temperature incubator at 25-30℃ for cultivation. After the cultured microorganisms have grown all over the plate, 0.8g of lignite sample is evenly sprinkled on the surface of the bacteria in each plate. After the coal particles are evenly attached to the bacteria, it is placed in a constant temperature incubator at 28-30℃ for inversion cultivation. After 72 hours, the effect of microorganisms in the solid culture medium on liquefying lignite is observed, and the degradation effect is judged based on whether small black droplets are produced on the surface of the coal sample. Figure 2 We can see that obvious droplets appeared on the strain plate, indicating that the three strains have degradation effects on Zhaotong lignite.

[0111] To further verify the degradation ability of different strains, the experimental groups were further set up for quantitative testing according to the above method: s1: Pseudomonas yamanensis; s2: Bacillus subtilis; s3: Bacillus thuringiensis; s4: Pseudomonas yamanensis + Bacillus subtilis; s5: Bacillus subtilis + Bacillus thuringiensis; s6: Pseudomonas yamanensis + Bacillus thuringiensis; s7: Bacillus subtilis + Pseudomonas yamana + Bacillus thuringiensis After the reaction, the coal sample remaining on the plate was rinsed with deionized water, and the rinse solution was centrifuged at 10000 r / min for 10 min. The precipitate was then collected and dried to constant mass in a 70 °C constant temperature oven. The degradation rate and free humic acid content of the lignite were analyzed.

[0112] The degradation rate and free humic acid content of lignite before and after the reaction were determined. The free humic acid content in lignite was determined according to GB / T 35107-2017 "Determination of soluble humic acid content in mineral source humic acid fertilizers". The calculation method of the degradation rate (η) is as follows: η= 00%; Among them, m0 is the mass of lignite before reaction, g; m1 is the mass of lignite after reaction, g.

[0113] The test results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Test results From the data in the table, we can see that the three strains of the present invention can increase the content of free humic acid, and when the three strains are used, the free humic acid content can be effectively increased. The increase in the free humic acid content can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can promote the growth and development of crops and increase the yield and quality, thereby achieving an overall improvement in fertilizer efficiency.

[0114] Pot experiment: The effect of fertilizer on crop growth was explored through potted plant experiments. The Chinese cabbage variety "Dwarf General" was selected for potted plant experiment. A total of 14 treatment groups were set up in the experiment: The first blank control group was a group treated with no fertilizer added; the second inorganic fertilizer treatment group, based on the optimal fertilization ratio of pakchoi N:P2O5:K2O=1:0.35:0.6, set the fertilizer application rate to N150 mg / kg, P2O5 52.5 mg / kg, and K2O 90 mg / kg, which were converted into corresponding amounts of urea, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate, respectively.

[0115] Groups 3-6 are example fertilizer groups, and the usage amount is 200 mg / kg soil.

[0116] Groups 7-14 were comparative fertilizer groups, with a usage of 200 mg / kg soil.

[0117] The plastic pots used in the experiment were 160mm×115mm (upper diameter×height). Weigh 1.5g of air-dried soil, distribute nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers and mineral humic acid agents to each pot according to the dosage set in the experiment, mix them evenly and put them into plastic pots, and water them according to 70% of the maximum field water holding capacity. Number the pots and arrange them randomly. After the soil is placed for 24 hours, sow them and evenly sprinkle 20 seeds of Chinese cabbage in each pot. Thin out the seedlings 10 days after the emergence of Chinese cabbage. Keep 4 seedlings in good growth condition in each pot for subsequent monitoring. Change the position of the pot every day during the growth of Chinese cabbage to ensure that the Chinese cabbage receives uniform light. Each treatment is repeated 10 times.

[0118] The effects of different fertilizers on growth, yield and quality were evaluated by measuring the biological traits of pakchoi samples. Representative pakchoi plants were collected at maturity to measure and record biological traits, including plant height, spread, maximum leaf length, maximum leaf width and single plant weight. The soluble protein content of pakchoi was determined by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 colorimetry, and the soluble sugar content was determined by anthrone colorimetry. All test results were averaged.

[0119] Table 1 Chinese cabbage index From the data in Table 1, we can see that the various indicators of the Chinese cabbage obtained by the embodiment group of the present invention are better than those of the blank control, the inorganic fertilizer group and the comparative example group. This can illustrate that the organic biofertilizer of the present invention can completely replace chemical fertilizers for use, which can also illustrate that Pseudomonas yamana, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis are fully fermented on lignite, increase the content of free humic acid, and have a more significant promoting effect on crops. And the comparative examples 3-8 with changed microbial composition and the comparative examples 1-2 with changed composite humic acid components, all of their various performances have shown a decline to varying degrees. The raw materials and compositions of the present invention are an organic whole, which is the key to achieving the technical effect, and the lack of one will result in a weak effect.

[0120] Table 3 Quality indexes of Chinese cabbage Vitamin C, soluble protein and titratable acid in vegetables are often used as indicators for judging vegetable quality. Each experimental group has little effect on the titratable acid content. The vitamin C and soluble protein indicators of the embodiment are better than those of the blank control, inorganic fertilizer group and comparative group.

[0121] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only partial embodiments of the preferred methods of implementing the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Obviously, based on the above embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shotcrete mineral-derived bio-organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of composite humic acid slurry, 0.1-0.5 parts of trace elements, 10-20 parts of modified starch and 0.1-0.5 parts of microbial liquid.

2. according to claim 1, the spraying mineral source biological organic fertilizer is characterized in that, The trace elements are one or more of boric acid, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and manganese sulfate.

3. according to claim 1, the spraying mineral source biological organic fertilizer is characterized in that, The microbial bacterial liquid is one or more of Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma harzianum and Paenibacillus megaterium.

4. The spraying mineral-derived bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite humic acid slurry comprises mineral humic acid slurry and biological humic acid slurry, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: (1) Preparation of mineral humic acid slurry: Disperse 10 g of humic acid in 50 ml of deionized water, add potassium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 9-10, and stir for 1-3 hours at a constant temperature of 90-100°C to obtain solution A; add formaldehyde (4% by weight of humic acid) and sodium sulfite (8% by weight of humic acid) to solution A, stir for 1-3 hours at 90-100°C and 0.1 MPa, and sterilize to obtain mineral humic acid slurry; (2) Preparation of biological humic acid slurry: The lignite was first crushed and sieved using a ball mill to obtain a sample with a particle size of 0.125-0.250 mm, and then the sample was soaked and oxidized in 10 mol / L nitric acid for 48 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried and sterilized to obtain a pretreated coal sample; 80 g of the pretreated coal sample and 10 g of the mineral humic acid slurry were added with 10 mL of the composite fermentation bacterial liquid and 30 g of the nutrient material, mixed evenly, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60-70%, and the mixed fermentation was carried out at 26-30 ° C for 10 days. After the fermentation, the composite humic acid slurry was obtained.

5. according to claim 4, the spraying mineral-source biological organic fertilizer is characterized in that, Step (2) The composite fermentation liquid is prepared from Pseudomonas yamana ( Pseudomonas yamanorum )、Bacillus subtilis( Bacillus subtilis ) and Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bacillus thuringiensis ), the volume ratio of the three is 1:1:1, and the specific preparation method is: cryopreserved Pseudomonas yamana, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis are inoculated onto LB solid culture medium by plate streak method, and cultured at suitable temperature of 25-30℃ for 48h, then a loop of colonies are respectively inoculated into LB liquid culture medium, and shaken and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ and 120r / min for 48h to obtain three bacterial liquids; the three bacterial liquids are evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, and then the mixed bacterial liquid is inoculated into 1L LB liquid culture medium at an inoculum size of 5%, and expanded and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25-30℃ for 96h to obtain a composite fermentation bacterial liquid.

6. The spraying mineral-derived bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The strain number of the Pseudomonas yamana is CGMCC No.1.16088, and the strain number of the Bacillus thuringiensis is CGMCC No.1.8790. Both are purchased from the General Microbiology Center of the China Culture Collection of Microorganisms; the preservation number of the Bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.44482, which is deposited in the General Microbiology Center of the China Culture Collection of Microorganisms, the preservation date is September 12, 2023, and the preservation address is No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

7. A method for preparing the sprayed mineral-derived bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Mixing and stirring composite humic acid slurry, trace elements, and modified starch in parts by weight to obtain spray slurry, and conveying the slurry to a granulator for spray granulation; (2) Screening: The particles are screened through a roller screen to select particles with a diameter of 2 mm to 4 mm as finished particles, and those with a diameter smaller than 2 mm or larger than 4 mm are reprocessed; (3) Cooling: The dried particles are rolled in a cooling drum for cooling for 10-30 minutes; (4) Adding bacteria: After cooling, the particles enter the drum, and the microbial liquid is atomized and evenly coated on the surface of the particles; (5) Packaging and warehousing: The obtained particles are inspected, packaged and stored to obtain the finished bio-organic fertilizer.

8. The preparation method of the sprayed mineral-source bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step (1) During the spraying granulation, the head temperature is 400-450°C, the tail temperature is 60-65°C, and the spraying volume is 10-15 m 3 / h.

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