Automatic soft soil settlement monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of settlement monitoring, and particularly relates to an automatic soft soil settlement monitoring device and method.The automatic soft soil settlement monitoring device comprises an inclinometer pipe, the inclinometer pipe comprises an inner pipe, the inner pipe is sleeved with an outer pipe, a settlement magnetic ring is slidably arranged in a gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe in a sleeved mode, and an elastic piece is fixed to the outer wall of the settlement magnetic ring; a through groove allowing the elastic piece to extend out is formed in the outer pipe. The elastic pieces are folded on the inner sides of the through grooves through the binding assemblies; the cut-off assembly is used for releasing the limitation of the binding assembly on the elastic sheet so as to release the elastic sheet and enable the end part of the elastic sheet to extend out of the through groove to be inserted into the inner wall of the monitoring hole; the settlement magnetic ring is placed in the gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, the hole diameter of the monitoring hole is reduced as much as possible according to the diameter of the outer pipe, the gap between the outer wall of the inclinometer pipe and the monitoring hole does not need to be backfilled, the working intensity is reduced, detection soil on the hole wall is directly detected, and the monitoring result is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of settlement monitoring, in particular to an automatic monitoring device and method for soft soil settlement. Background Art

[0002] Soft soil strata have the characteristics of high water content, high porosity, high compressibility, low permeability and low strength. Soft soil strata are very likely to produce consolidation settlement or uplift under the action of upper loads or disturbances caused by underground construction. Therefore, the prediction and control of soil settlement and uplift in engineering has always been a key issue.

[0003] Patent application CN219568808U discloses a soil settlement monitoring device with a precise arrangement of settlement magnetic rings. The key points of its technical solution are: including a fixed pipe, a probe that can move along the fixed pipe, a layered settlement meter connected to the probe, a plurality of magnetic settlement magnetic rings and a plurality of fixed rings made of water-soluble materials, the fixed rings are used to limit the position of the settlement magnetic rings that are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed pipe. The soil settlement monitoring device with a precise arrangement of settlement magnetic rings provided by this technology can avoid the settlement magnetic rings from changing their positions due to collision when the fixed pipe is inserted into the soil, thereby ensuring that the settlement magnetic rings accurately reach the preset depth of the soil to monitor the settlement of the soil in the specified depth stratum.

[0004] However, the above technology often has the following defects: when arranging the fixed pipe, the above technology needs to backfill the gap between the outer wall of the fixed pipe and the drill hole, and then dissolve the water-soluble fixed ring to make the spring piece of the sedimentation magnetic ring pop outward. At this time, the spring piece is blocked by the backfill soil and it is difficult to directly insert it into the detection soil. In addition, the workload of soil backfilling is large, and the density of the backfill soil is difficult to keep consistent with the density of the hole wall, which may cause stratification, so that the settlement degree of the detection soil of the hole wall and the backfill soil body may be inconsistent, resulting in deviations in the monitoring results. To this end, the present invention provides an automatic monitoring device and method for soft soil settlement. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement of the present invention comprises:

[0007] Inclinometer casing, the inclinometer casing comprises an inner tube, an outer tube is sleeved outside the inner tube, a settling magnetic ring is slidably sleeved in the gap between the inner tube and the outer tube, an elastic sheet is fixed on the outer wall of the settling magnetic ring, and a through groove is opened on the outer tube to allow the elastic sheet to protrude;

[0008] A restraining assembly, which is arranged on the inner tube and allows the spring sheet to be retracted inside the through slot;

[0009] A cutting assembly, which is arranged inside the cylinder body and is used to release the restriction of the restraining assembly on the spring sheet, so as to release the spring sheet and make its end protrude from the through slot and be plugged into the inner wall of the monitoring hole;

[0010] A probe is provided, by which the position of the submerged magnetic ring is monitored.

[0011] Preferably, the restraint assembly includes a connecting plate vertically arranged on the inner side of the inner tube, with cylinders symmetrically fixed at both ends of the connecting plate, and the upper and lower cylinders respectively slide through a through hole on the inner tube, and a pull rope is installed in the middle of the cylinder, and the pull rope is fixedly connected to the spring piece at one end away from the connecting rod.

[0012] Preferably, the cutting assembly includes a movable plate, and the movable plate is slidingly sealed and arranged inside the cylinder, and fixed blocks are symmetrically fixed in the middle of the side walls of both sides of the cylinder, and vertical rods are fixed in the middle of the fixed blocks on both sides, and cutting knives are symmetrically and slidingly sleeved at the upper and lower ends of the vertical rods, and two springs are sleeved on the vertical rods to reset the upper and lower cutting knives, and a wedge plate is fixed on the side wall of the movable plate, and the upper and lower cutting knives are driven by the wedge plate to move toward the middle, and an air inlet pipe is fixed on the side of the connecting plate away from the cylinder, and the air inlet pipe is connected to an external air source through a hose, and an air inlet hole connecting the air inlet pipe and the cylinder is opened on the connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, a limit assembly is further included, by which the position of the sinking magnetic ring is limited. The limit assembly includes a limit rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting plate, and the other end of which is movable through a second through hole opened on the inner tube. A limit hole is opened on the mating surface between the sinking magnetic ring and the inner tube, and the limit rod is adapted to the limit hole.

[0014] Preferably, a spring 1 is fixed between the connecting plate and the inner wall of the inner tube.

[0015] Preferably, a groove is provided on the inner wall of the second through hole, a receiving cavity is provided on the side wall of the limiting rod, a limiting column is slidably installed inside the receiving cavity, and a spring three is fixed inside the receiving cavity for resetting the limiting column.

[0016] Preferably, a connecting rod is provided in the middle of the cylinder, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the connecting plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the pull rope. The connecting rod movably passes through a through hole three opened in the middle of the movable rod, and a guide groove is opened on the side wall of the connecting rod. A guide block is fixed on the inner wall of the through hole three, and the guide block is adapted to the guide groove. The guide groove is set to be straight in a section near the connecting plate, and is set to be spiral in a section near the pull rope.

[0017] Preferably, the inner tube is configured as a segmented structure, two adjacent segments of the inner tube are connected by a threaded structure, and the connection position of the two adjacent segments of the inner tube is adjacent to the restraining assembly.

[0018] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the inner tube and the outer tube are connected by snap-fit ​​end covers respectively.

[0019] A method for automatically monitoring soft soil settlement, which is applicable to the above-mentioned automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement, comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. First, install the restraint assembly on the inner tube, install the sinking magnetic ring sleeve at the corresponding position of the inner tube, assemble multiple sections of the inner tube into a whole through the threaded structure, and then install the outer tube on the outside of the inner tube through the end cover;

[0021] S2, retracting the spring piece inside the through slot by means of the binding assembly;

[0022] S3, drilling a monitoring hole at a designated location with a drilling machine, and then placing the inclinometer tube into the monitoring hole;

[0023] S4, releasing the restriction of the restraining component on the spring piece by the cutting component, releasing the spring piece, making its end protrude from the through slot and plug into the inner wall of the monitoring hole, fixing the position of the sedimentation magnetic ring, and recording the starting position depth of the sedimentation magnetic ring;

[0024] S5. Lower the probe into the inner tube and regularly measure the position of the settlement magnetic ring through the probe. The settlement value of the surrounding soil is obtained by subtracting the starting position depth from the measured depth.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. The present invention discloses an automatic monitoring device and method for soft soil settlement. By placing a settlement magnetic ring in the gap between an inner tube and an outer tube, the aperture of the monitoring hole is reduced as much as possible according to the diameter of the outer tube, so that the outer tube 2 fits the inner wall of the monitoring hole. In this way, there is no need to backfill the gap between the outer wall of the inclinometer tube and the monitoring hole, which reduces the working intensity. When the restriction of the restraining component on the spring piece is released by the cutting component, the spring piece itself is deformed and protrudes from the through groove and is plugged into the inner wall of the monitoring hole, so as to directly detect the detection soil on the hole wall, making the monitoring result more accurate.

[0027] 2. The present invention discloses an automatic monitoring device and method for soft soil settlement, which can accurately install the settlement magnetic ring to the specified position by setting a binding component and a cutting component. The end of the pull rope is tied to the spring sheet. By tightening the pull rope, the spring sheet is bent toward the connecting plate, so that the spring sheet can be gathered to the inside of the outer tube, which is convenient for placing the inclinometer tube into the monitoring hole. After reaching the specified position, the air inlet pipe is inflated through an external air source, and the gas enters the cylinder through the air inlet hole and pushes the movable plate to move. The movable plate drives the wedge plates on the upper and lower sides to move toward the cutting knife synchronously. The inclined surface of the end of the wedge plate contacts the cutting knife, pushing the cutting knife to move. The cutting knives on the upper and lower sides are driven to move toward the middle by the wedge plate, and the pull rope is cut off to release the spring sheet, so that the end protrudes from the through groove and is plugged into the inner wall of the monitoring hole to fix the position of the settlement magnetic ring. The position of the settlement magnetic ring can be accurately arranged according to the designed monitoring point depth to determine the initial monitoring position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 is a stereogram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at C in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at D in the middle;

[0035] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of an end cap of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. inner tube; 2. outer tube; 3. through groove; 4. sedimentation magnetic ring; 5. spring; 6. connecting plate; 7. spring one; 8. through hole one; 9. cylinder; 10. movable plate; 11. connecting rod; 12. wedge plate; 13. fixing block; 14. vertical rod; 15. cutting knife; 16. spring two; 17. pull rope; 18. limiting rod; 19. limiting hole; 20. through hole two; 21. groove; 22. accommodating chamber; 23. limiting column; 24. spring three; 25. guide groove; 26. through hole three; 27. guide block; 28. air inlet; 29. ​​air inlet pipe; 30. probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0039] Embodiment 1: Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0040] Inclinometer casing, the inclinometer casing comprises an inner tube 1, an outer tube 2 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube 1, a settling magnetic ring 4 is slidably sleeved in the gap between the inner tube 1 and the outer tube 2, an elastic sheet 5 is fixed on the outer wall of the settling magnetic ring 4, and a through groove 3 is opened on the outer tube 2 to allow the elastic sheet 5 to protrude;

[0041] A restraining assembly, which is arranged on the inner tube 1 and through which the spring sheet 5 is retracted inside the through slot 3;

[0042] A cutting assembly, which is arranged inside the cylinder 9, and is used to release the restriction of the restraining assembly on the spring sheet 5, so as to release the spring sheet 5 and allow its end to protrude from the through slot 3 and be plugged into the inner wall of the monitoring hole;

[0043] A probe 30, through which the position of the sedimentation magnetic ring 4 is monitored;

[0044] During operation, a monitoring hole is vertically drilled at a designated position using a drilling machine, and the spring piece 5 is retracted inside the through groove 3 by the binding assembly, so that the inclinometer tube is conveniently placed in the monitoring hole. By placing the sedimentation magnetic ring 4 in the gap between the inner tube 1 and the outer tube 2, the aperture of the monitoring hole can be reduced as much as possible according to the diameter of the outer tube 2, so that the outer tube 2 fits the inner wall of the monitoring hole. Finally, the gap between the top of the monitoring hole and the inclinometer tube is blocked to prevent rainwater from entering the gap and interfering with the monitoring result. In this way, there is no need to backfill the gap between the outer wall of the inclinometer tube and the monitoring hole, which reduces the work intensity. When the constraint assembly on the spring piece 5 is released by the cutting assembly, the spring piece 5 itself is deformed and protrudes from the through groove 3 and is plugged on the inner wall of the monitoring hole. The starting position depth of the sedimentation magnetic ring 4 is recorded, and then the probe 30 is lowered into the inner tube 1. The position is measured regularly by the probe 30. The surrounding soil settlement value is obtained by subtracting the starting position depth from the measured depth. In this way, the surrounding soil settlement can be monitored.

[0045] The restraining assembly includes a connecting plate 6 vertically arranged on the inner side of the inner tube 1, and cylinders 9 are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the connecting plate 6. The cylinders 9 on the upper and lower sides slide through the through holes 8 on the inner tube 1 respectively, and a pull rope 17 is installed in the middle of the cylinder 9. The pull rope 17 is fixedly connected to the spring piece 5 at one end away from the connecting rod 11. When working, the end of the pull rope 17 is tied to the spring piece 5, and by tightening the pull rope 17, the spring piece 5 is bent toward the connecting plate 6, so that the spring piece 5 can be gathered to the inner side of the outer tube 2, thereby reducing the space occupied by the spring piece 5 and facilitating the placement of the inclinometer tube into the monitoring hole.

[0046] The cutting assembly includes a movable plate 10, which is slidingly sealed and arranged inside the cylinder 9. Fixed blocks 13 are symmetrically fixed in the middle of the side walls of the cylinder 9. Vertical rods 14 are fixed in the middle of the fixed blocks 13 on both sides. Cutting knives 15 are symmetrically slidably sleeved at the upper and lower ends of the vertical rods 14. The vertical rods 14 are sleeved with springs 16 for resetting the cutting knives 15 on the upper and lower sides. A wedge plate 12 is fixed on the side wall of the movable plate 10, and the cutting knives 15 on the upper and lower sides are driven to move toward the middle by the wedge plate 12. An air inlet pipe 29 is fixed on the side of the connecting plate 6 away from the cylinder 9. The air inlet pipe 29 is connected to the external air source through a hose, and an air inlet hole 28 connecting the air inlet pipe 29 and the cylinder 9 is opened on the connecting plate 6; when working, through An external air source inflates the air inlet pipe 29, and the gas enters the interior of the cylinder 9 through the air inlet hole 28, and pushes the movable plate 10 to move. The movable plate 10 drives the wedge plates 12 on the upper and lower sides to move toward the cutting knife 15 synchronously. The inclined surface at the end of the wedge plate 12 contacts the cutting knife 15, pushing the cutting knife 15 to move. The cutting knives 15 on the upper and lower sides are driven to move toward the middle by the wedge plate 12, cutting off the pull rope 17 and releasing the spring piece 5, so that the end protrudes from the through groove 3 and is plugged into the inner wall of the monitoring hole to fix the position of the sedimentation magnetic ring 4. The position of the sedimentation magnetic ring 4 can be accurately arranged according to the designed monitoring point depth, so as to determine the initial monitoring position; and the spring piece 5 directly contacts the detection soil of the hole wall, so as to directly monitor the detection soil, so that the monitoring result is more accurate.

[0047] It also includes a limiting component, which is used to limit the position of the sedimentation magnetic ring 4. The limiting component includes a limiting rod 18, one end of which is fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting plate 6, and the other end of the limiting rod 18 is movable through a through hole 20 opened on the inner tube 1. A limiting hole 19 is opened on the mating surface of the sedimentation magnetic ring 4 and the inner tube 1, and the limiting rod 18 is adapted to the limiting hole 19. When working, the connecting plate 6 is pulled toward the inner wall of the inner tube 1 by the pull rope 17, and then the limiting rod 18 is pushed to be inserted into the limiting hole 19, so as to fix the sedimentation magnetic ring 4 on the outside of the inner tube 1, so that the sedimentation magnetic ring 4 always remains in the same position with the inner tube 1 before being installed to the specified position, so that the position can be accurately arranged.

[0048] A spring 7 is fixed between the connecting plate 6 and the inner wall of the inner tube 1. During operation, when the spring piece 5 is restrained by the pull rope 17, the spring 7 is compressed at the same time. When the pull rope 17 is cut off, the spring 7 rebounds and pushes the connecting plate 6 to move outward, and drives the cylinder 9 and the limiting rod 18 to move through the connecting plate 6, so that the cylinder 9 is received in the through hole 8, and the limiting rod 18 is disengaged from the limiting hole 19, so that the sedimentation magnetic ring 4 will not be blocked from moving downward, so as to facilitate sedimentation monitoring.

[0049] A groove 21 is provided on the inner wall of the through hole 20, and a accommodating cavity 22 is provided on the side wall of the limiting rod 18. A limiting column 23 is slidably installed inside the accommodating cavity 22, and a spring three 24 is fixed inside the accommodating cavity 22 to reset the limiting column 23. During operation, the limiting column 23 is pushed into the groove 21 by the spring three 24. When the pull rope 17 is cut off, the spring piece 5 is instantly deformed and inserted into the surrounding soil. At this time, the limiting column 23 is restricted by the groove 21, which plays a delay role, so that the limiting rod 18 is delayed from detaching from the limiting hole 19, so that the sinking magnetic ring 4 can be accurately arranged to the specified position.

[0050] A connecting rod 11 is provided in the middle of the cylinder 9, one end of the connecting rod 11 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 6, and the other end of the connecting rod 11 is rotatably connected to the pull rope 17. The connecting rod 11 movably passes through the through hole 3 26 opened in the middle of the movable rod, and a guide groove 25 is opened on the side wall of the connecting rod 11. A guide block 27 is fixed on the inner wall of the through hole 3 26, and the guide block 27 is adapted to the guide groove 25. A section of the guide groove 25 near the connecting plate 6 is set to be linear, and a section of the guide groove 25 near the pull rope 17 is set to be spiral; when working, the gas passes through the inlet pipe 29 and the inlet hole 2 8 enters the interior of the cylinder 9, and the gas pushes the movable plate 10 to move linearly along the interior of the cylinder 9, thereby causing the guide block 27 to move along the guide groove 25. When the guide block 27 moves in the straight section of the guide groove 25, the connecting rod 11 does not rotate. At this time, the movable plate 10 and the wedge plate 12 can drive the cutting knife 15 to move and cut the pull rope 17. When the guide block 27 moves to the spiral section of the guide groove 25, the connecting rod 11 rotates, thereby driving the pull rope 17 to rotate, so that the pull rope 17 is in rotational contact with the cutting knife 15, which can accelerate the cutting of the pull rope 17 and improve the cutting efficiency.

[0051] The inner tube 1 is configured as a segmented structure, two adjacent segments of the inner tube 1 are connected by a threaded structure, and the connection position of the two adjacent segments of the inner tube 1 is adjacent to the restraint assembly; when working, the restraint assembly is first installed on the segmented inner tube 1, and then multiple inner tubes 1 are assembled together, which makes it convenient to install the restraint assembly.

[0052] Embodiment 2: Figure 7 As shown, compared with Example 1, another implementation of the present invention is: the upper and lower ends of the inner tube 1 and the outer tube 2 are respectively connected by snap-on end covers; when working, the inner tube 1 and the outer tube 2 are assembled together by the snap-on end covers, which is convenient for installation and improves assembly efficiency.

[0053] like Figure 8 As shown, a method for automatically monitoring soft soil settlement is applicable to the above-mentioned automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement, and comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1. First, install the restraint assembly on the inner tube 1, sleeve and install the sinking magnetic ring 4 on the corresponding position of the inner tube 1, assemble the multiple sections of the inner tube 1 into a whole through the threaded structure, and then install the outer tube 2 on the outside of the inner tube 1 through the end cover;

[0055] S2, retract the spring sheet 5 inside the through slot 3 through the binding assembly;

[0056] S3, drilling a monitoring hole at a designated location with a drilling machine, and then placing the inclinometer tube into the monitoring hole;

[0057] S4, releasing the restriction of the restraining component on the spring piece 5 by the cutting component, releasing the spring piece 5, making its end protrude from the through slot 3 and plugged into the inner wall of the monitoring hole, fixing the position of the sedimentation magnetic ring 4, and recording the starting position depth of the sedimentation magnetic ring 4;

[0058] S5. Lower the probe 30 into the inner tube 1, and regularly measure the position of the settlement magnetic ring 4 through the probe 30. The settlement value of the surrounding soil is obtained by subtracting the starting position depth from the measured depth.

[0059] Working principle: Use a drilling machine to vertically drill a monitoring hole at a designated position, use the restraining assembly to retract the spring piece 5 inside the through groove 3, put the inclinometer tube into the monitoring hole, and when the restraint on the spring piece 5 by the cutting assembly is released, the spring piece 5 itself is deformed and protrudes from the through groove 3 and is plugged into the inner wall of the monitoring hole, and the depth of the starting position of the settlement magnetic ring 4 is recorded. Then, the probe 30 is lowered into the inner tube 1, and the position is measured regularly by the probe 30. The settlement value of the surrounding soil is obtained by subtracting the starting position depth from the measured depth, so that the settlement of the surrounding soil can be monitored.

[0060] The above-mentioned front, back, left, right, top and bottom are all based on the figures in the specification. Figure 1 As a benchmark, according to the person's observation perspective, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement, characterized in that: include: An inclinometer casing, the inclinometer casing comprising an inner tube (1), an outer tube (2) being sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube (1), a settling magnetic ring (4) being slidably sleeved in the gap between the inner tube (1) and the outer tube (2), an elastic sheet (5) being fixed on the outer wall of the settling magnetic ring (4), and a through groove (3) being provided on the outer tube (2) for allowing the elastic sheet (5) to protrude; A restraining assembly, the restraining assembly being arranged on the inner tube (1), and the spring sheet (5) is retracted inside the through groove (3) by means of the restraining assembly; A cutting assembly, the cutting assembly being arranged inside the cylinder (9), and being used to release the restraint of the restraining assembly on the spring sheet (5), so as to release the spring sheet (5) and allow its end to protrude from the through slot (3) and be plugged into the inner wall of the monitoring hole; A probe (30) is used to monitor the position of the submerged magnetic ring (4).

2. The automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The restraining assembly comprises a connecting plate (6) vertically arranged on the inner side of the inner tube (1), and cylinders (9) are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the connecting plate (6). The cylinders (9) on the upper and lower sides slide through a through hole (8) on the inner tube (1) respectively, and a pull rope (17) is installed in the middle of the cylinder (9). The pull rope (17) is fixedly connected to the spring piece (5) at one end away from the connecting rod (11).

3. The automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The cutting assembly comprises a movable plate (10), the movable plate (10) being slidingly and sealingly arranged inside the cylinder (9), a fixed block (13) being symmetrically fixed in the middle of the side walls of the cylinder (9), a vertical rod (14) being fixed in the middle of the fixed blocks (13) on both sides, a cutting knife (15) being symmetrically and slidingly sleeved at the upper and lower ends of the vertical rod (14), a spring (16) being sleeved on the vertical rod (14) for resetting the cutting knives (15) on the upper and lower sides, a wedge plate (12) being fixed on the side wall of the movable plate (10), the cutting knives (15) on the upper and lower sides being driven to move toward the middle by the wedge plate (12), an air inlet pipe (29) being fixed on the side of the connecting plate (6) away from the cylinder (9), the air inlet pipe (29) being connected to an external air source through a hose, and an air inlet hole (28) being opened on the connecting plate (6) for connecting the air inlet pipe (29) and the cylinder (9).

4. The automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also includes a limiting component, through which the position of the sinking magnetic ring (4) is limited. The limiting component includes a limiting rod (18), one end of which is fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting plate (6), and the other end of which is movable through a second through hole (20) provided on the inner tube (1). A limiting hole (19) is provided on the mating surface between the sinking magnetic ring (4) and the inner tube (1), and the limiting rod (18) is adapted to fit the limiting hole (19).

5. The automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A spring (7) is fixed between the connecting plate (6) and the inner wall of the inner tube (1).

6. The automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A groove (21) is provided on the inner wall of the second through hole (20), a receiving cavity (22) is provided on the side wall of the limiting rod (18), a limiting column (23) is slidably installed inside the receiving cavity (22), and a spring (24) is fixed inside the receiving cavity (22) for returning the limiting column (23) to its original position.

7. The automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A connecting rod (11) is provided in the middle of the cylinder (9), one end of the connecting rod (11) is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (6), and the other end of the connecting rod (11) is rotatably connected to the pull rope (17). The connecting rod (11) movably passes through a third through hole (26) provided in the middle of the movable rod. A guide groove (25) is provided on the side wall of the connecting rod (11), and a guide block (27) is fixed on the inner wall of the third through hole (26). The guide block (27) is adapted to the guide groove (25). A section of the guide groove (25) close to the connecting plate (6) is arranged in a straight line shape, and a section of the guide groove (25) close to the pull rope (17) is arranged in a spiral shape.

8. The automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The inner tube (1) is configured as a segmented structure, two adjacent segments of the inner tube (1) are connected by a threaded structure, and the connection position of the two adjacent segments of the inner tube (1) is adjacent to the restraining assembly.

9. The automatic monitoring device for soft soil settlement according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the inner tube (1) and the outer tube (2) are respectively connected via snap-on end covers.

10. A method for automatically monitoring soft soil settlement, which is applicable to the device for automatically monitoring soft soil settlement according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, first install the restraining assembly on the inner tube (1), sleeve the sinking magnetic ring (4) on the corresponding position of the inner tube (1), assemble the multiple sections of the inner tube (1) into a whole through the threaded structure, and then install the outer tube (2) on the outside of the inner tube (1) through the end cover; S2, retracting the spring sheet (5) inside the through slot (3) through a binding assembly; S3, drilling a monitoring hole at a designated location with a drilling machine, and then placing the inclinometer tube into the monitoring hole; S4, releasing the restraint of the restraining component on the spring sheet (5) by the cutting component, releasing the spring sheet (5), allowing the end of the spring sheet (5) to protrude from the through slot (3) and be plugged into the inner wall of the monitoring hole, fixing the position of the sedimentation magnetic ring (4), and recording the depth of the starting position of the sedimentation magnetic ring (4); releasing the spring sheet (5), allowing the end of the spring sheet (5) to protrude from the through slot (3) and be plugged into the inner wall of the monitoring hole, fixing the position of the sedimentation magnetic ring (4), and recording the depth of the starting position of the sedimentation magnetic ring (4); S5. Insert the probe (30) from the bottom into the inner tube (1), and regularly measure the position of the settlement magnetic ring (4) through the probe (30). The settlement value of the surrounding soil is obtained by subtracting the depth of the starting position from the measured depth.

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