Biological fermentation feed for enhancing immunity of aquatic animals and preparation method of biological fermentation feed

Abstract

The invention provides a biological fermentation feed for enhancing immunity of aquatic animals and a preparation method of the biological fermentation feed, and relates to the technical field of aquaculture. The biological fermentation feed is prepared by compounding fish bone meal, a rice bran fermentation material, soybean meal, a compound fermentation material, visceral meal, orange peel powder, corn starch, compound vitamins, tea saponin and protocatechuic acid. According to the present invention, the defects in the prior art are overcome, the weight gain growth of the aquatic product is comprehensively ensured through the compound addition of the microbial components of the aquatic product feed and the regulation and control of other components, the immunity of the aquatic product is further improved, and the artificial breeding benefit of the aquatic product is comprehensively ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a biological fermentation feed for enhancing immunity of aquatic animals and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Aquaculture is the production activity of breeding, cultivating and harvesting aquatic plants and animals under artificial control. It generally includes the whole process of growing aquatic products from seedlings under artificial breeding and management. Aquatic products are widely welcomed by the market because of their rich nutritional content and delicious taste. The scale of artificial aquaculture has also gradually increased with the needs of the market.

[0003] At present, in order to pursue higher breeding efficiency and income, the density of aquaculture is mostly higher than that of aquaculture in nature. On this basis, the water body is easily polluted, and the aquatic products are also prone to diseases, which leads to reduced production and seriously affects the economic income of aquaculture. In order to reduce the mortality rate and disease rate, most of the existing aquaculture adds antibiotics to the water body, but the use of antibiotics will have certain side effects. After a large amount of antibiotics are ingested into the body, they will be distributed to various tissues and organs through the blood circulation, and the immune ability of aquatic animals will be gradually weakened. Antibiotics also lead to a decrease in the quality of antigens, directly affecting the immune process, thereby adversely affecting the vaccination of vaccines. On this basis, reducing the use of antibiotics and improving the immune ability of aquatic products are important research directions in the process of artificial breeding. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a biological fermentation feed for enhancing the immunity of aquatic animals and a preparation method thereof. Through the composite addition of microbial components to aquatic feed and the regulation of other components, the weight gain and growth of aquatic products are comprehensively guaranteed, and the immunity of aquatic products is further improved, thereby comprehensively ensuring the benefits of artificial breeding of aquatic products.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A biological fermentation feed for enhancing immunity of aquatic animals. The biological fermentation feed is composed of the following materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of fish bone powder, 15-20 parts of rice bran fermentation feed, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-14 parts of composite fermentation feed, 4-8 parts of viscera powder, 2-4 parts of orange peel powder, 5-8 parts of corn starch, 0.5-0.8 parts of complex vitamins, 0.01-0.02 parts of tea saponin, and 0.01-0.02 parts of protocatechuic acid; the rice bran fermentation feed is obtained by mixing rice bran with Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum for fermentation and then sterilizing; the composite fermentation feed is obtained by mixing pine needles, honeysuckle, kelp and tomatoes and then fermenting with Bacillus tequila and yeast.

[0007] Preferably, the method for preparing the rice bran fermented material comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) adding 3-5 times volume of clean water to rice bran, then inoculating 0.2%-0.3% of the total mass of the rice bran with Bacillus subtilis and 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of the rice bran with Trichoderma harzianum, and fermenting for 2-3 days to obtain a preliminary fermented rice bran material for standby use;

[0009] (2) The above-mentioned preliminary fermented rice bran material is heated to 110-119° C. under a pressure of 0.6-0.8 MPa, allowed to stand for 20-30 minutes, then returned to room temperature and allowed to stand for 1-2 hours, and then dried to obtain the fermented rice bran material.

[0010] Preferably, the method for preparing the composite fermentation material comprises the following steps:

[0011] (1) Mix pine needles, honeysuckle, kelp and the like, add 3-5 times the volume of clean water, grind into a slurry, and then inoculate 0.3%-0.4% of the total mass of the pine needles with Bacillus tekila for fermentation for 12-24 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for use;

[0012] (2) Crush tomatoes with a weight three times the total weight of pine needles and add them to the preliminary fermentation material, then inoculate 0.1%-0.15% of the total weight of the preliminary fermentation yeast, ferment for 2-3 days, then dry to a moisture content of ≤8%, and then grind and pulverize to pass through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a composite fermentation material.

[0013] Preferably, the vitamin complex is obtained by mixing vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin E in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:2:1:3:1.

[0014] Preferably, the viscera powder is obtained by freeze-drying pig liver and then crushing it through a 20-mesh sieve.

[0015] The method for preparing the biological fermentation feed comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Starch pretreatment: take half of the corn starch, add 10-20 times the volume of clean water, stir evenly, and then pre-gelatinize under water bath conditions to obtain pre-gelatinized starch material for use;

[0017] S2, preliminary premixing: adding rice bran fermented material, soybean meal, fish bone meal, compound fermented material, viscera powder, and orange peel powder to the pregelatinized starch material, and preliminarily stirring to obtain a premix for standby use;

[0018] S3, crushing treatment: drying the premixed material, crushing it in a crusher, passing it through a 5-mesh sieve, and obtaining a crushed material for later use;

[0019] S4, mixing and forming: add 5-10 times the volume of clean water to the remaining corn starch, then mix with complex vitamins, tea saponin, protocatechuic acid, stir evenly, and then mix with the crushed material, put it in a granulator, mix and granulate it, and then dry it to obtain biological fermentation feed.

[0020] Preferably, in step S1, the water bath temperature is 70-80° C., and the pre-gelatinization treatment time is 20-30 min.

[0021] Preferably, the drying temperature in step S3 is 40-50° C., and the moisture content of the premix after drying is ≤8%.

[0022] Preferably, the drying temperature after granulation in step S4 is 40-50° C., the moisture content of the granules after drying is ≤8%, and the particle size of the biological fermentation feed is controlled to be 0.2-0.3 cm.

[0023] The present invention provides a biological fermentation feed for enhancing immunity of aquatic animals and a preparation method thereof, which has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0024] The invention obtains the rice bran fermentation material by fermenting rice bran with Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum and then sterilizing it, and jointly ferments pine needles, honeysuckle, kelp and tomatoes with Bacillus terequila and yeast to prepare the composite fermentation material, and simultaneously combines substances such as tea saponin and protocatechuic acid to effectively promote the growth and weight gain of aquatic products, further enhance the immunity of aquatic products, reduce aquatic diseases without using antibiotics, reduce pollution and enhance the economic benefits of breeding on the basis of ensuring the quality of aquatic products. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The following Bacillus subtilis was purchased from Shandong Xinzhuoyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with the item number 20230115 and an activity of 20 billion cfu / g; Trichoderma harzianum was purchased from Shandong Xinfuwo Bioengineering Co., Ltd. with the item number 20220715 and an activity of 20 billion cfu / g; Bacillus tequila was purchased from the Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences with the deposit number CGMCCNo.19446 and an activity of 10 billion cfu / g; yeast was purchased from Xi'an Meihe Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with the item number MH-22122706 and an activity of 20 billion cfu / g; the viscera powder was obtained by freeze-drying pig liver and then crushing it through a 20-mesh sieve; the complex vitamin was obtained by mixing vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin E in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:2:1:3:1.

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] Preparation of biological fermented feed:

[0029] 1. Preparation of rice bran fermented material:

[0030] (1) adding 3 times the volume of clean water to rice bran, then inoculating 0.2% of the total mass of the rice bran with Bacillus subtilis and 0.1% of the total mass of the rice bran with Trichoderma harzianum, and fermenting for 2 days to obtain a preliminary fermented rice bran material for standby use;

[0031] (2) The above-mentioned preliminary fermented rice bran material is heated to 119° C. under a pressure of 0.6 MPa, allowed to stand for 20 minutes, then returned to room temperature and allowed to stand for another hour, and then dried to obtain the fermented rice bran material.

[0032] 2. Preparation of compound fermentation material:

[0033] (1) Mix pine needles, honeysuckle, kelp and other materials by weight, add 3 times the volume of clean water, grind into a slurry, and then inoculate 0.3% of the total weight of the pine needles with Bacillus tekila for fermentation for 24 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for use;

[0034] (2) Crush tomatoes with a weight three times that of the total weight of pine needles and add them to the preliminary fermentation material, then inoculate with yeast at a rate of 0.1% of the total weight of the preliminary fermentation material, ferment for 2 days, dry to a moisture content of ≤8%, and grind and pulverize to pass through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a composite fermentation material.

[0035] 3. Feed preparation:

[0036] (1) Prepare the following materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of fish bone meal, 15 parts of rice bran fermented feed, 15 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of composite fermented feed, 4 parts of viscera powder, 2 parts of orange peel powder, 5 parts of corn starch, 0.5 parts of multivitamins, 0.01 parts of tea saponin, and 0.01 parts of protocatechuic acid;

[0037] (2) taking half of the corn starch, adding 10 times the volume of clean water, stirring evenly, and pre-gelatinizing in a water bath at 70° C. for 30 minutes to obtain pre-gelatinized starch material for use;

[0038] (3) adding the rice bran fermented material, soybean meal, fish bone meal, composite fermented material, viscera powder, and orange peel powder to the pregelatinized starch material, and preliminarily stirring to obtain a premix for standby use;

[0039] (4) drying the premix at 40° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, and then crushing the premix in a crusher and passing it through a 5-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed material for later use;

[0040] (5) Add 5 times the volume of clean water to the remaining corn starch, mix with complex vitamins, tea saponin, and protocatechuic acid, stir evenly, and then mix with the crushed material, place in a granulator for mixing and granulation, and then dry at 40°C to a moisture content of ≤8%, to obtain a bio-fermented feed (control the particle size to be 0.2-0.3 cm).

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] Preparation of biological fermented feed:

[0043] 1. Preparation of rice bran fermented material:

[0044] (1) adding 5 times volume of clean water to rice bran, and then inoculating 0.3% of the total mass of rice bran with Bacillus subtilis and 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of rice bran with Trichoderma harzianum, and fermenting for 2-3 days to obtain a preliminary fermented rice bran material for standby use;

[0045] (2) The preliminary fermented rice bran material is heated to 110° C. under a pressure of 0.8 MPa, allowed to stand for 30 min, then returned to room temperature and allowed to stand for 2 h, and then dried at 45° C. to obtain the fermented rice bran material.

[0046] 2. Preparation of compound fermentation material:

[0047] (1) Mix pine needles, honeysuckle, kelp and other materials by weight, add 5 times the volume of clean water, grind into a slurry, and then inoculate 0.4% of the total weight of the pine needles with Bacillus tekila for fermentation for 12 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for use;

[0048] (2) Crush tomatoes with a weight three times the total weight of pine needles and add them to the preliminary fermentation material, then inoculate 0.15% of the total weight of yeast in the preliminary fermentation, ferment for 3 days, then dry to a moisture content of ≤8%, and then grind and pulverize through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a composite fermentation material.

[0049] 3. Feed preparation:

[0050] (1) Prepare the following materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of fish bone meal, 20 parts of rice bran fermented feed, 20 parts of soybean meal, 14 parts of composite fermented feed, 8 parts of viscera powder, 4 parts of orange peel powder, 8 parts of corn starch, 0.8 parts of multivitamins, 0.02 parts of tea saponin, and 0.02 parts of protocatechuic acid;

[0051] (2) taking half of the corn starch, adding 20 times the volume of clean water, stirring evenly, and pre-gelatinizing in a water bath at 80° C. for 20 minutes to obtain pre-gelatinized starch material for later use;

[0052] (3) adding the rice bran fermented material, soybean meal, fish bone meal, composite fermented material, viscera powder, and orange peel powder to the pregelatinized starch material, and preliminarily stirring to obtain a premix for standby use;

[0053] (4) drying the premix at 50° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, and then crushing the premix in a crusher and passing it through a 5-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed material for later use;

[0054] (5) Add 10 times the volume of clean water to the remaining corn starch, mix with complex vitamins, tea saponin, and protocatechuic acid, stir evenly, and then mix with the crushed material, place in a granulator for mixing and granulation, and then dry at 50° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, to obtain a bio-fermented feed (control the particle size to be 0.2-0.3 cm).

[0055] Comparative Example 1:

[0056] Preparation of biological fermented feed:

[0057] 1. Preparation of compound fermentation material:

[0058] (1) Mix pine needles, honeysuckle, kelp and other materials by weight, add 3 times the volume of clean water, grind into a slurry, and then inoculate 0.3% of the total weight of the pine needles with Bacillus tekila for fermentation for 24 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for use;

[0059] (2) Crush tomatoes with a weight three times that of the total weight of pine needles and add them to the preliminary fermentation material, then inoculate with yeast at a rate of 0.1% of the total weight of the preliminary fermentation material, ferment for 2 days, dry to a moisture content of ≤8%, and grind and pulverize to pass through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a composite fermentation material.

[0060] 2. Feed preparation:

[0061] (1) Prepare the following materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of fish bone meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of compound fermentation material, 4 parts of viscera powder, 2 parts of orange peel powder, 5 parts of corn starch, 0.5 parts of multivitamins, 0.01 parts of tea saponin, and 0.01 parts of protocatechuic acid;

[0062] (2) taking half of the corn starch, adding 10 times the volume of clean water, stirring evenly, and pre-gelatinizing in a water bath at 70° C. for 30 minutes to obtain pre-gelatinized starch material for use;

[0063] (3) adding rice bran, soybean meal, fish bone meal, compound fermented material, viscera powder, and orange peel powder to the pregelatinized starch material, and preliminarily stirring to obtain a premix for later use;

[0064] (4) drying the premix at 40° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, and then crushing the premix in a crusher and passing it through a 5-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed material for later use;

[0065] (5) Add 5 times the volume of clean water to the remaining corn starch, mix with complex vitamins, tea saponin, and protocatechuic acid, stir evenly, and then mix with the crushed material, place in a granulator for mixing and granulation, and then dry at 40°C to a moisture content of ≤8%, to obtain a bio-fermented feed (control the particle size to be 0.2-0.3 cm).

[0066] Comparative Example 2:

[0067] Preparation of biological fermented feed:

[0068] 1. Preparation of rice bran fermented material:

[0069] (1) adding 3 times the volume of clean water to rice bran, then inoculating 0.2% of the total mass of the rice bran with Bacillus subtilis and 0.1% of the total mass of the rice bran with Trichoderma harzianum, and fermenting for 2 days to obtain a preliminary fermented rice bran material for standby use;

[0070] (2) The preliminarily fermented rice bran material is dried at 45° C. to obtain a fermented rice bran material.

[0071] 2. Preparation of compound fermentation material:

[0072] (1) Mix pine needles, honeysuckle, kelp and other materials by weight, add 3 times the volume of clean water, grind into a slurry, and then inoculate 0.3% of the total weight of the pine needles with Bacillus tekila for fermentation for 24 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for use;

[0073] (2) Crush tomatoes with a weight three times that of the total weight of pine needles and add them to the preliminary fermentation material, then inoculate with yeast at a rate of 0.1% of the total weight of the preliminary fermentation material, ferment for 2 days, dry to a moisture content of ≤8%, and grind and pulverize to pass through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a composite fermentation material.

[0074] 3. Feed preparation:

[0075] (1) Prepare the following materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of fish bone meal, 15 parts of rice bran fermented feed, 15 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of composite fermented feed, 4 parts of viscera powder, 2 parts of orange peel powder, 5 parts of corn starch, 0.5 parts of multivitamins, 0.01 parts of tea saponin, and 0.01 parts of protocatechuic acid;

[0076] (2) taking half of the corn starch, adding 10 times the volume of clean water, stirring evenly, and pre-gelatinizing in a water bath at 70° C. for 30 minutes to obtain pre-gelatinized starch material for use;

[0077] (3) adding the rice bran fermented material, soybean meal, fish bone meal, composite fermented material, viscera powder, and orange peel powder to the pregelatinized starch material, and preliminarily stirring to obtain a premix for standby use;

[0078] (4) drying the premix at 40° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, and then crushing the premix in a crusher and passing it through a 5-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed material for later use;

[0079] (5) Add 5 times the volume of clean water to the remaining corn starch, mix with complex vitamins, tea saponin, and protocatechuic acid, stir evenly, and then mix with the crushed material, place in a granulator for mixing and granulation, and then dry at 40°C to a moisture content of ≤8%, to obtain a bio-fermented feed (control the particle size to be 0.2-0.3 cm).

[0080] Comparative Example 3:

[0081] Preparation of biological fermented feed:

[0082] 1. Preparation of rice bran fermented material:

[0083] (1) adding 3 times the volume of clean water to rice bran, then inoculating 0.2% of the total mass of the rice bran with Bacillus subtilis and 0.1% of the total mass of the rice bran with Trichoderma harzianum, and fermenting for 2 days to obtain a preliminary fermented rice bran material for standby use;

[0084] (2) The above-mentioned preliminary fermented rice bran material is heated to 119° C. under a pressure of 0.6 MPa, allowed to stand for 20 minutes, then returned to room temperature and allowed to stand for another hour, and then dried to obtain the fermented rice bran material.

[0085] 2. Preparation of composite materials:

[0086] Mix pine needles, honeysuckle, kelp and other ingredients, add tomatoes three times the total weight of the pine needles, grind into pulp, dry until the moisture content is ≤8%, grind and crush through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a composite material.

[0087] 3. Feed preparation:

[0088] (1) Prepare the following materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of fish bone meal, 15 parts of fermented rice bran feed, 15 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of compound feed, 4 parts of viscera powder, 2 parts of orange peel powder, 5 parts of corn starch, 0.5 parts of multivitamins, 0.01 parts of tea saponin, and 0.01 parts of protocatechuic acid;

[0089] (2) taking half of the corn starch, adding 10 times the volume of clean water, stirring evenly, and pre-gelatinizing in a water bath at 70° C. for 30 minutes to obtain pre-gelatinized starch material for use;

[0090] (3) adding the fermented rice bran material, soybean meal, fish bone meal, composite material, viscera powder, and orange peel powder to the pregelatinized starch material, and preliminarily stirring to obtain a premix for standby use;

[0091] (4) drying the premix at 40° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, and then crushing the premix in a crusher and passing it through a 5-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed material for later use;

[0092] (5) Add 5 times the volume of clean water to the remaining corn starch, mix with complex vitamins, tea saponin, and protocatechuic acid, stir evenly, and then mix with the crushed material, place in a granulator for mixing and granulation, and then dry at 40°C to a moisture content of ≤8%, to obtain a bio-fermented feed (control the particle size to be 0.2-0.3 cm).

[0093] Comparative Example 4:

[0094] Preparation of biological fermented feed:

[0095] 1. Preparation of rice bran fermented material:

[0096] (1) adding 3 times the volume of clean water to rice bran, then inoculating 0.2% of the total mass of the rice bran with Bacillus subtilis and 0.1% of the total mass of the rice bran with Trichoderma harzianum, and fermenting for 2 days to obtain a preliminary fermented rice bran material for standby use;

[0097] (2) The above-mentioned preliminary fermented rice bran material is heated to 119° C. under a pressure of 0.6 MPa, allowed to stand for 20 minutes, then returned to room temperature and allowed to stand for another hour, and then dried to obtain the fermented rice bran material.

[0098] 2. Feed preparation:

[0099] (1) Prepare the following materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of fish bone meal, 15 parts of fermented rice bran, 15 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of viscera powder, 2 parts of orange peel powder, 5 parts of corn starch, 0.5 parts of multivitamins, 0.01 parts of tea saponin, and 0.01 parts of protocatechuic acid;

[0100] (2) taking half of the corn starch, adding 10 times the volume of clean water, stirring evenly, and pre-gelatinizing in a water bath at 70° C. for 30 minutes to obtain pre-gelatinized starch material for use;

[0101] (3) adding the fermented rice bran material, soybean meal, fish bone powder, viscera powder, and orange peel powder to the pregelatinized starch material, and preliminarily stirring to obtain a premix for standby use;

[0102] (4) drying the premix at 40° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, and then crushing the premix in a crusher and passing it through a 5-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed material for later use;

[0103] (5) Add 5 times the volume of clean water to the remaining corn starch, mix with complex vitamins, tea saponin, and protocatechuic acid, stir evenly, and then mix with the crushed material, place in a granulator for mixing and granulation, and then dry at 40°C to a moisture content of ≤8%, to obtain a bio-fermented feed (control the particle size to be 0.2-0.3 cm).

[0104] Comparative Example 5:

[0105] Preparation of biological fermented feed:

[0106] 1. Preparation of rice bran fermented material:

[0107] (1) adding 3 times the volume of clean water to rice bran, then inoculating 0.2% of the total mass of the rice bran with Bacillus subtilis and 0.1% of the total mass of the rice bran with Trichoderma harzianum, and fermenting for 2 days to obtain a preliminary fermented rice bran material for standby use;

[0108] (2) The above-mentioned preliminary fermented rice bran material is heated to 119° C. under a pressure of 0.6 MPa, allowed to stand for 20 minutes, then returned to room temperature and allowed to stand for another hour, and then dried to obtain the fermented rice bran material.

[0109] 2. Preparation of compound fermentation material:

[0110] (1) Mix pine needles, honeysuckle, kelp and other materials by weight, add 3 times the volume of clean water, grind into a slurry, and then inoculate 0.3% of the total weight of the pine needles with Bacillus tekila for fermentation for 24 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for use;

[0111] (2) Crush tomatoes with a weight three times that of the total weight of pine needles and add them to the preliminary fermentation material, then inoculate with yeast at a rate of 0.1% of the total weight of the preliminary fermentation material, ferment for 2 days, dry to a moisture content of ≤8%, and grind and pulverize to pass through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a composite fermentation material.

[0112] 3. Feed preparation:

[0113] (1) Prepare the following materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of fish bone meal, 15 parts of rice bran fermented feed, 15 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of composite fermented feed, 4 parts of viscera powder, 2 parts of orange peel powder, 5 parts of corn starch, 0.5 parts of multivitamins, 0.01 parts of tea saponin, and 0.01 parts of protocatechuic acid;

[0114] (2) adding 10 times the volume of corn starch to clean water and stirring evenly, then adding rice bran fermentation material, soybean meal, fish bone powder, composite fermentation material, viscera powder, orange peel powder, composite vitamins, tea saponin, and protocatechuic acid, mixing, and preliminarily stirring evenly to obtain a premix for use;

[0115] (3) The premix is ​​placed in a granulator for mixing and granulation, and then dried at 40° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, to obtain a bio-fermented feed (the particle size is controlled to be 0.2-0.3 cm).

[0116] Detection:

[0117] 1. Material selection:

[0118] A total of 350 Lateolabrax (5.16±0.02g) of similar size were selected as experimental materials;

[0119] 2. Breeding method:

[0120] Set up 7 500L breeding barrels, each with 50 fish, feed different feeds in each barrel, feed at 9 am and 6 pm every day, and stop feeding until the seabass is apparently full, for 7 weeks, and keep the dissolved oxygen content in the water ≥ 7 mg / L, and the water temperature at 28 ± 1.5 ℃ (the dead seabass are removed in time during the feeding period);

[0121] 3. Data Recording:

[0122] 3.1. After feeding for 7 weeks, the fish were fasted for one day, and the number of live fish in each bucket was recorded again. Three live fish were taken out from each bucket to calculate the average weight gain rate (weight gain rate = (final weight - initial weight) / initial weight × 100%). The specific results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0123] Table 1

[0124] Group Feed selection Number of live fish (tails) Weight gain rate (%) Experimental Group 1 Example 1 49 tail 702.53％ Experimental Group 2 Example 2 50 tails 698.59％ Experimental Group 3 Comparative Example 1 46 tail 679.57％ Experimental Group 4 Comparative Example 2 48 tails 681.35％ Experimental Group 5 Comparative Example 3 42 tails 637.41％ Experimental Group 6 Comparative Example 4 46 tail 602.58％ Experimental Group 7 Comparative Example 5 48 tails 697.31％

[0125] 3.2. Detection of immune indicators after 7 weeks of feeding (serum test)

[0126] After 7 weeks of feeding, the fish were fasted for 1 day. Three live fish were randomly selected from each group and blood samples were collected from the tail vein using a 1 mL heparinized syringe. The blood samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C, and the supernatant was collected and stored in a -80°C refrigerator for analysis of serum-related biochemical indicators.

[0127] The activity of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), lysozyme (LZM), complement C3 and immunoglobulin (IgM) were directly analyzed using the kit commercially available from Shanghai Huzheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The specific results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0128] Table 2

[0129]

[0130] The above table shows that the seabass raised in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 have a high immunity in addition to a high weight gain rate.

[0131] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological fermentation feed for enhancing immunity of aquatic animals, characterized in that: The biological fermentation feed is composed of the following materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of fish bone meal, 15-20 parts of rice bran fermentation feed, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-14 parts of composite fermentation feed, 4-8 parts of viscera powder, 2-4 parts of orange peel powder, 5-8 parts of corn starch, 0.5-0.8 parts of composite vitamins, 0.01-0.02 parts of tea saponin, and 0.01-0.02 parts of protocatechuic acid; The rice bran fermented material is obtained by mixing rice bran with Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum for fermentation and then sterilizing; The composite fermented material is prepared by mixing pine needles, honeysuckle, kelp and tomatoes and then fermenting them with tequila bacillus and yeast.

2. The biological fermentation feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the rice bran fermented material comprises the following steps: (1) adding 3-5 times volume of clean water to rice bran, then inoculating 0.2%-0.3% of the total mass of the rice bran with Bacillus subtilis and 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of the rice bran with Trichoderma harzianum, and fermenting for 2-3 days to obtain a preliminary fermented rice bran material for standby use; (2) The above-mentioned preliminary fermented rice bran material is heated to 110-119° C. under a pressure of 0.6-0.8 MPa, allowed to stand for 20-30 minutes, then returned to room temperature and allowed to stand for 1-2 hours, and then dried to obtain the fermented rice bran material.

3. The biological fermentation feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the composite fermentation material comprises the following steps: (1) Mix pine needles, honeysuckle, kelp and the like, add 3-5 times the volume of clean water, grind into a slurry, and then inoculate 0.3%-0.4% of the total mass of the pine needles with Bacillus tekila for fermentation for 12-24 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for use; (2) Crush tomatoes with a weight three times the total weight of pine needles and add them to the preliminary fermentation material, then inoculate 0.1%-0.15% of the total weight of the preliminary fermentation yeast, ferment for 2-3 days, then dry to a moisture content of ≤8%, and then grind and pulverize to pass through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain a composite fermentation material.

4. The biological fermentation feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The complex vitamin is obtained by mixing vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C and vitamin E in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:2:1:3:

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5. The biological fermentation feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The viscera powder is obtained by freeze-drying pig liver and then grinding it through a 20-mesh sieve.

6. A method for preparing a biological fermentation feed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1. Starch pretreatment: take half of the corn starch, add 10-20 times the volume of clean water, stir evenly, and then pre-gelatinize under water bath conditions to obtain pre-gelatinized starch material for use; S2, preliminary premixing: adding rice bran fermented material, soybean meal, fish bone meal, compound fermented material, viscera powder, and orange peel powder to the pregelatinized starch material, and preliminarily stirring to obtain a premix for standby use; S3, crushing treatment: drying the premixed material, crushing it in a crusher, passing it through a 5-mesh sieve, and obtaining a crushed material for later use; S4, mixing and forming: add 5-10 times the volume of clean water to the remaining corn starch, then mix with complex vitamins, tea saponin, protocatechuic acid, stir evenly, and then mix with the crushed material, put it in a granulator, mix and granulate it, and then dry it to obtain biological fermentation feed.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S1, the water bath temperature is 70-80° C., and the pre-gelatinization treatment time is 20-30 minutes.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drying temperature in step S3 is 40-50° C., and the moisture content of the premix after drying is ≤8%.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drying temperature after granulation in step S4 is 40-50° C., the moisture content of the granules after drying is ≤8%, and the particle size of the biological fermented feed is controlled to be 0.2-0.3 cm.

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