Interface material for biodegradable artificial habitat system and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system and a preparation method of the interface material. The interface material for the biodegradable artificial habitat system is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 30 to 80 percent of natural fiber and 20 to 70 percent of biodegradable synthetic fiber. The natural fiber comprises one or a combination of more of straw, coconut fiber, hemp fiber, banana fiber, pineapple fiber or cotton, hemp, silk and wool fiber in waste textile fiber; the biodegradable synthetic fibers are composed of biodegradable polypropylene fibers, biodegradable polyester fibers and polylactic acid fibers. The interface material disclosed by the invention has a plurality of obvious advantages. In the aspect of performance, the material realizes good strength, toughness, air permeability and overall biodegradability of the material through optimal combination of the natural fibers and the biodegradable synthetic fibers and unique action of the induced bioactive enzyme master batch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of materials, and in particular to an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the market demand for environmentally friendly materials is growing. People are paying more and more attention to the environmental impact of materials and hope to find materials that can meet the needs of use without causing long-term pollution to the environment. Artificial habitat systems require materials with specific physical and chemical properties, such as strength, toughness, and air permeability, to ensure the stability and durability of the system.

[0003] Traditional interface materials may not meet the current dual requirements of environmental protection and high performance. For example, some materials may be difficult to degrade while providing the required performance, causing potential long-term pollution to the environment. Natural fibers such as straw, coconut fiber, and hemp fiber are widely studied to replace or supplement traditional synthetic materials due to their wide sources, low cost, and renewable properties. With the development of biotechnology, biodegradable synthetic fibers such as polylactic acid (PLA) have begun to be used to prepare environmentally friendly materials. These materials have biodegradability while maintaining the excellent properties of synthetic fibers.

[0004] In order to improve the biodegradability of materials, researchers have explored the method of adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatches. These masterbatches usually contain a variety of ingredients, such as oligosaccharides, polyethylene glycol, phthalates, citrates, rhamnolipids, sophorolipids, surfactins, saponins, lecithin, citric acid, acetic acid, ferrous sulfate, etc., to promote the biodegradation process of materials.

[0005] Traditional preparation methods of interface materials may not fully exploit the advantages of natural fibers and biodegradable synthetic fibers. Therefore, new preparation methods such as mixing, opening, combing, molding, heating, finishing, etc. are developed to optimize the material properties.

[0006] Environmentally friendly and high-performance interface materials are not only suitable for artificial habitat systems, but may also have broad application potential in other fields such as environmentally friendly packaging and agriculture.

[0007] Currently, there is a lack of an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system and a preparation method thereof.

[0009] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows: In a first aspect, the present application provides an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system;

[0010] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system.

[0011] In a first aspect of the present application, an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system is provided. The interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0012] Natural fiber 30-80%,

[0013] Biodegradable synthetic fibers 20-70%.

[0014] Furthermore, natural fibers include straw, coconut fiber, hemp fiber, banana fiber, pineapple fiber, animal hair and silk protein fiber or one or more combinations of cotton, hemp, silk and wool fibers in waste textile fibers; these natural fibers are widely available, which not only reduces the material cost, but also makes full use of waste resources, which is in line with the concept of sustainable development. Straw, as a common agricultural waste, has certain toughness and strength. After proper treatment, it can play a supporting and reinforcing role in the interface material. Coconut fiber has good elasticity and air permeability, which can give the interface material a comfortable texture. Hemp fiber is known for its high strength and durability, providing reliable mechanical properties for the material. Banana fiber and pineapple fiber have excellent tensile and tear resistance and high lignin content. Animal hair and silk protein fibers can be used in ecological restoration to increase soil fertility. The nutrients they contain are decomposed and converted into nutrients that can be absorbed by plants, improving soil structure; they can maintain water and soil, and the fiber structure enhances soil stability and reduces erosion; they can promote plant growth and facilitate root expansion; they are environmentally friendly, and the decomposition products are pollution-free. They are also multifunctional and can be combined with other materials for different restoration scenarios; they can improve overall soil quality and prevent soil erosion. The reuse of natural fibers from waste textiles not only reduces the pressure of waste on the environment, but also adds unique structures and characteristics to the materials.

[0015] The main function of the biodegradable synthetic fiber in this application is to melt the fiber under heat during processing, so that the natural fiber can be bonded to avoid scattering in the application environment. It includes one or a combination of biodegradable polypropylene fiber, biodegradable polyester fiber, polylactic acid fiber, and polycaprolactone fiber;

[0016] Preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polypropylene PP, preparing the fiber through a mixed melt spinning process, wherein the mass percentage of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polypropylene is 1-10:100, and spinning is performed after mixing to obtain the biodegradable polypropylene fiber;

[0017] The preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber is as follows: the fiber is prepared by adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and then subjected to a mixed melt spinning process, wherein the mass percentage ratio of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is 1-10:100, and the biodegradable polyester fiber is obtained by spinning after mixing.

[0018] Furthermore, the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

[0019] Polylactic acid PLA40-50%,

[0020] Oligosaccharides 20-30%,

[0021] Plasticizer 6-10%,

[0022] Biosurfactant 10-15%,

[0023] Organic acid 3-8%,

[0024] Ferrous sulfate 8-12%.

[0025] Furthermore, the preparation method of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is:

[0026] Polylactic acid PLA, oligosaccharides, plasticizers, biosurfactants, organic acids and ferrous sulfate are uniformly mixed and eutectic by a screw extruder at a temperature of 170-230°C. The eutectic is sliced ​​and granulated by an underwater pelletizer to obtain an induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

[0027] This unique preparation method makes the synthetic fiber have the excellent properties of traditional polypropylene and polyester, and also has the characteristics of biodegradability. As a new type of biodegradable material, polylactic acid has good biocompatibility and degradability. It cooperates with biodegradable polypropylene fiber and biodegradable polyester fiber to provide excellent environmental performance for the interface material.

[0028] In this process, various substances interact with each other and exert a synergistic effect. Butanediol, ethylene glycol, and isopropanol not only play a good solvent role in the eutectic process, but also make certain contributions to the performance of the material.

[0029] Ferrous sulfate plays multiple important roles in the material. As a dual function of spinning catalyst and enzyme catalysis, it can promote the interaction between polypropylene molecules, thereby reducing its melting point and increasing the melt flow rate, bringing great convenience to the spinning process. At the same time, the iron ions in ferrous sulfate can also act as antioxidants, capturing free radicals and protecting polypropylene from oxidative degradation. In addition, it can also act as an antistatic agent to increase the conductivity of polypropylene and reduce static electricity accumulation.

[0030] Moreover, ferrous sulfate can also be used as a biochemical enzyme catalyst. The iron ions (Fe2+) provided by ferrous sulfate can be used as auxiliary factors for certain enzymes to improve their catalytic efficiency. Ferrous sulfate can change the spatial conformation of the enzyme by binding to specific sites of the enzyme, making it easier to bind to the substrate, thereby improving the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme. Ferrous sulfate can interact with the substrate or enzyme-substrate complex to reduce the activation energy of the chemical reaction, making the reaction easier to occur. Ferrous sulfate can bind to the enzyme to increase the thermal and chemical stability of the enzyme, thereby maintaining the activity of the enzyme under harsh conditions. Polylactic acid not only plays a role in biodegradation in the induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch, but also cooperates with other ingredients to jointly improve the performance of the material. Oligosaccharides can be used as fermentation substrates for microorganisms in the biodegradation process of high molecular polymers, participating in the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and the production of metabolite enzymes. Since polylactic acids are all biodegradable, their use helps to improve the environmental performance and sustainability of polypropylene materials.

[0031] Furthermore, the staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 38-65 mm, and the fineness is 0.5-100D; the biosurfactant includes one or a combination of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, surfactant, saponin or lecithin; the organic acid includes one or a combination of two of citric acid or acetic acid.

[0032] Further, the preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: Copolymerization and spinning process of polypropylene PP and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0033] (a) Raw material preparation stage:

[0034] 1) The drying temperature of polypropylene PP is 70-90℃, the drying time is 2-4 hours, and the moisture content is reduced to 0.01%-0.03%; 2) The drying temperature of induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 60-80℃, the drying time is 4-6 hours, and hydrolysis is avoided;

[0035] (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stages:

[0036] 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polypropylene PP and induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 100:1 to 100:10; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: zone 1 temperature is 180-200℃; zone 2 temperature is 210-230℃; zone 3 temperature is 220-240℃; 3) Screw speed is 30-60rpm, extrusion pressure is 10-20MPa; 4) Spinneret aperture is 0.1-0.3mm, and the number of holes is selected according to demand; 5) Cooling conditions: wind temperature is 15-25℃, wind speed is 0.3-0.6m / s, cooling distance is 50-150mm, spinning speed is 500-1500m / min;

[0037] (c) Post-processing stage:

[0038] 1) The stretching ratio is 3-10 times; 2) The heat setting temperature is 100-150°C, and the heat setting time is 10-120 seconds.

[0039] Furthermore, the preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: the copolymerization spinning process of polyethylene terephthalate PET and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0040] (a) Raw material preparation stage:

[0041] 1) The drying temperature of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is 120-150°C, the drying time is 4-6 hours, and the moisture content is controlled below 30ppm; 2) The drying temperature of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 60-80°C, the drying time is 6-8 hours, and hydrolysis is prevented;

[0042] (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stages:

[0043] 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polyethylene terephthalate PET and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch ranges from 100:1 to 100:10; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: the temperature of zone 1 is 180-200°C (feed zone preheating); the temperature of zone 2 is 220-240°C for compression zone melting; the temperature of zone 3 is 240-260°C; 3) The screw speed is 30-60rpm, and the extrusion pressure is 10-20Mpa; 4) The spinneret aperture is 0.1-0.4 mm, and the number of holes is selected according to demand; 5) Cooling conditions: the wind temperature is 15-25°C, the wind speed is 0.3-0.6m / s, the cooling distance is 50-150 mm, and the spinning speed is 500-2000m / min;

[0044] (d) Post-processing stage:

[0045] 1) The stretching ratio is 3-6 times; 2) The heat setting temperature is 180-230°C and the heat setting time is 10-120 seconds.

[0046] Furthermore, the staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 38-65 mm, and the fineness is 0.5-100D. This fiber has a moderate length and fineness, which is convenient for processing and use, and can ensure the performance of the material. The biosurfactant includes one or a combination of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid or surfactin.

[0047] The first aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system, comprising the following steps:

[0048] (1) Mixing natural fibers and biodegradable synthetic fibers in proportion;

[0049] (2) Opening and combing the mixed fibers; Opening: Opening is to open the mixed fiber clusters to make them into single fibers, in preparation for subsequent combing and forming; Combing: The carding machine opens the fiber clusters to the level of single fibers, and then combines these fibers into a continuous and uniform fiber web through pairs of rollers;

[0050] (3) forming the combed fibers into a web;

[0051] (4) The fiber web is needled to force the surface fibers into the interior of the web and form a tangled structure that will not recover. Under the friction and entanglement between the fibers, the fluffy web is compressed, and after repeated punctures, numerous tangled points are formed, which fix the web.

[0052] (5) Heat the fiber web after needle punching to form it; under the hot air of 170-230℃, the fibers in the nonwoven fabric will be bonded together due to the heat to form a stable structure. This temperature range can ensure the melting and bonding of the fibers.

[0053] (6) Finishing of the heat-treated fibers. Trimming and shaping: Trimming the edges of the material to achieve the required size and shape, and performing final finishing on the product to ensure that its appearance and performance meet the requirements.

[0054] Furthermore, in step (3), air-laying: a process of using airflow to separate the combed fibers from the combing components to form a web. There are many ways to air-lay a web, and the basic method is that after the fibers are properly combed, the fibers are stripped from the combing components by airflow (blowing or sucking or a combination of blowing and sucking), and the dispersed single fibers are passed through an air duct, the airflow is diffused and slowed down, and the fibers in the airflow change from being arranged in order from head to tail to being irregular, and are deposited on a drum or a mesh curtain to form a fiber web; acupuncture: acupuncture is to entangle the fibers in the fiber web with each other through mechanical action to form a reinforced nonwoven fabric.

[0055] Further, in step (4), the fibers are heated to a temperature sufficient to bond the fibers. In the process of heating and molding, trimming and molding, in the heating and molding stage:

[0056] (41) Carding: The purpose of the carding machine is to preliminarily mix and loosen the fiber raw materials in preparation for subsequent web laying;

[0057] (42) Web laying: During the web laying process, the uniformity and flatness of the fiber web are crucial to the quality of the final product;

[0058] (43) Needle punching: Use a needle with barbs to repeatedly puncture the fiber mesh, and the hook-belt fiber is reinforced to form a needle-punched nonwoven fabric;

[0059] (44) Thermoplasticity: The processing temperature is 170-230°C to ensure that the fibers can fully melt and form a uniform texture;

[0060] (45) Trimming and forming: During the trimming process, if heat sealing is required, a certain temperature may be required to ensure that the edges of the material can be fused and sealed.

[0061] Beneficial effects: The interface material of the present invention has many significant advantages. In terms of performance, the material achieves good strength, toughness, air permeability and overall biodegradability of the material through the optimized combination of natural fibers and biodegradable synthetic fibers and the unique effect of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0063] (1) The interface material utilizes natural fibers and biodegradable synthetic fibers, thus reducing pollution to the environment. These materials can be naturally decomposed after use and will not cause long-term impact on the environment. By using agricultural waste and waste textile materials, the present invention reduces waste of resources and complies with the concept of sustainable development. The interface material for an artificial habitat system of the present invention has a unique composition and preparation method, and can achieve the goal of environmental protection and degradability while meeting the material performance requirements of the artificial habitat system, and has broad application prospects and important social value. The stability and durability of the interface material are enhanced by a needle punching process. The interface material can better adapt to various environmental conditions in an artificial habitat system.

[0064] (2) Due to the use of a large amount of waste resources and relatively cheap raw materials, the interface material of the present invention has a low production cost and a high cost-effectiveness ratio. Physical properties: The interface material achieves good strength, toughness and air permeability through the optimized combination of natural fibers and biodegradable synthetic fibers. The use of induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch promotes the biodegradation process of the material and reduces environmental pollution. Comfort of the material: Natural fibers such as coconut palm fibers give the material a comfortable texture and improve the user experience. Mechanical properties: The addition of hemp fibers and the like provides high strength and durability, and enhances the mechanical properties of the material. Stability and durability: Biodegradable synthetic fibers ensure the plasticity, durability and stability of the material.

[0065] (3) Broad application prospects: The interface material of the present invention is not only suitable for artificial habitat systems, but may also be widely used in other fields such as environmentally friendly packaging and agriculture. Process innovation: Through a unique preparation method, such as a mixed melt spinning process, the interface material of the present invention has the excellent properties of traditional polypropylene and polyester while also having the characteristics of biodegradability. Enhanced material properties: Components such as ferrous sulfate in the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch act as catalysts and antioxidants to improve the melt flow rate and antistatic properties of the material.

[0066] (4) Tensile and tear resistance: The excellent tensile and tear resistance of banana fiber, pineapple fiber, etc. provide additional strength for the interface material of the artificial habitat system. Market potential: Due to its environmental protection and high performance, the interface material of the present invention has broad market prospects and development potential. The present invention helps to promote the development of society in a more green and sustainable direction by providing an environmentally friendly and degradable interface material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0068] Figure 1 It is a graph showing the average biodegradation percentage-time curve of the reference material and sample group of the test example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0070] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0071] In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c" can all represent: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple, respectively.

[0072] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, some or all of the steps can be executed in parallel or sequentially, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0073] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0074] The weight of the relevant components mentioned in the embodiment description of the present application can not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also represent the proportional relationship between the weights of the components. Therefore, as long as the content of the relevant components is proportionally enlarged or reduced according to the embodiment description of the present application, it is within the scope disclosed in the embodiment description of the present application. Specifically, the mass described in the embodiment description of the present application can be a mass unit known in the chemical industry such as μg, mg, g, kg, etc.

[0075] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system, which is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0076] Natural fiber 30-80%,

[0077] Biodegradable synthetic fibers 20-70%.

[0078] In some embodiments, the natural fibers include straw, coconut fiber, hemp fiber, banana fiber, pineapple fiber, animal hair and silk protein fiber or one or a combination of cotton, hemp, silk and wool fibers in waste textile fibers; the biodegradable synthetic fibers are composed of biodegradable polypropylene fiber, biodegradable polyester fiber and polylactic acid fiber.

[0079] In some embodiments, the biodegradable synthetic fiber includes one or a combination of biodegradable polypropylene fiber, biodegradable polyester fiber, polylactic acid fiber, or polycaprolactone fiber;

[0080] Preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polypropylene PP, preparing the fiber through a mixed melt spinning process, wherein the mass percentage of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polypropylene is 1-10:100, and spinning is performed after mixing to obtain the biodegradable polypropylene fiber;

[0081] The preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber is as follows: the fiber is prepared by adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and then subjected to a mixed melt spinning process, wherein the mass percentage ratio of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is 1-10:100, and the biodegradable polyester fiber is obtained by spinning after mixing.

[0082] In some embodiments, the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

[0083] Polylactic acid PLA40-50%,

[0084] Oligosaccharides 20-30%,

[0085] Plasticizer 6-10%,

[0086] Biosurfactant 10-15%,

[0087] Organic acid 3-8%

[0088] Ferrous sulfate 8-12%.

[0089] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is:

[0090] Polylactic acid PLA and oligosaccharides, plasticizers, biosurfactants, organic acids and ferrous sulfate; the above substances are uniformly mixed and eutectic by a screw extruder, the eutectic temperature is 170-230°C, and sliced ​​and granulated by an underwater pelletizer to obtain an induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

[0091] In some embodiments, the staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 38 mm and the fineness is 100D. The biosurfactant includes one or a combination of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, surfactin, saponin or lecithin. The organic acid includes one or a combination of citric acid or acetic acid.

[0092] In some embodiments, the preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: Copolymerization and spinning process of polypropylene PP and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0093] (a) Raw material preparation stage:

[0094] 1) The drying temperature of polypropylene PP is 70-90℃, the drying time is 2-4 hours, and the moisture content is reduced to 0.01%-0.03%; 2) The drying temperature of induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 60-80℃, the drying time is 4-6 hours, and hydrolysis is avoided;

[0095] (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stages:

[0096] 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polypropylene PP and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 20:80 to 80:20; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: zone 1 temperature is 180-200℃; zone 2 temperature is 210-230℃; zone 3 temperature is 220-240℃; 3) Screw speed is 30-60rpm, extrusion pressure is 10-20MPa; 4) Spinning

[0097] The plate aperture is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the number of holes is selected according to demand; 5) Cooling conditions: wind temperature is 15-25°C, wind speed is 0.3-0.6m / s, cooling distance is 50-150 mm, spinning speed is 500-1500m / min;

[0098] (c) Post-processing stage:

[0099] 1) The stretching ratio is 3-10 times; 2) The heat setting temperature is 100-150°C, and the heat setting time is 10-120 seconds.

[0100] In some embodiments, the preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: Copolymerization and spinning process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0101] (a) Raw material preparation stage:

[0102] 1) The drying temperature of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is 120-150°C, the drying time is 4-6 hours, and the moisture content is controlled below 30ppm; 2) The drying temperature of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 60-80°C, the drying time is 6-8 hours, and hydrolysis is prevented;

[0103] (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stages:

[0104] 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polyethylene terephthalate PET and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch ranges from 100:1 to 100:10; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: the temperature of zone 1 is 180-200℃ (feed zone preheating); the temperature of zone 2 is 220-240℃ compression zone melting; the temperature of zone 3 is 240-260℃; 3) The screw speed is 30-60rpm, and the extrusion pressure is 10-20Mpa; 4) The spinning temperature is 250-280℃; 2) The spinneret aperture is 0.1-0.4 mm, and the number of holes is selected according to demand; 5) Cooling conditions: wind temperature is 15-25℃, wind speed is 0.3-0.6m / s, cooling distance is 50-150 mm, and spinning speed is 500-2000m / min;

[0105] (c) Post-processing stage:

[0106] 1) The stretching ratio is 3-6 times; 2) The heat setting temperature is 180-230°C and the heat setting time is 10-120 seconds.

[0107] In some embodiments, the biodegradable synthetic fiber has a staple length of 45 mm and a denier of 70D.

[0108] In some embodiments, the biodegradable synthetic fiber has a staple length of 65 mm and a fineness of 0.5D.

[0109] A second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system, comprising the following steps:

[0110] (1) Mixing natural fibers and biodegradable synthetic fibers in proportion;

[0111] (2) Opening and combing the mixed fibers; Opening: Opening is to open the mixed fiber clusters to make them into single fibers, in preparation for subsequent combing and forming; Combing: The carding machine opens the fiber clusters to the level of single fibers, and then combines these fibers into a continuous and uniform fiber web through pairs of rollers;

[0112] (3) forming the combed fibers into a web;

[0113] (4) The fibers on the surface of the fiber web are forced into the interior of the fiber web by needle punching. Under the friction and entanglement between the fibers, the fluffy fiber web is compressed, and after repeated punctures, numerous entanglement points are formed, which fix the fiber web into a fixed shape.

[0114] (5) Heat the needle-punched web to form it; under hot air at 170-230°C, the fibers in the nonwoven fabric will bond together due to the heat to form a stable structure. This temperature range can ensure the melting and bonding of the fibers.

[0115] (6) Finishing the fibers after the heat treatment.

[0116] In some embodiments, in step (3), air-laying: a process of using airflow to separate combed fibers from a combing component to form a web. There are many ways to lay a web by airflow. The basic method is that after the fibers are properly combed, airflow is used to peel the fibers off the combing component (blowing or sucking or a combination of blowing and sucking), so that the dispersed single fibers pass through an air duct, the airflow is diffused and slowed down, and the fibers in the airflow change from being arranged in order from head to tail to being irregular, and are deposited on a drum or a mesh curtain to form a fiber web; acupuncture: acupuncture is to entangle the fibers in the fiber web with each other through mechanical action to form a reinforced nonwoven fabric;

[0117] In some embodiments, in step (4), the fibers are heated to a temperature sufficient to bond the fibers. In the process of carding, web laying, heating and forming, and trimming, in the heating and forming stage:

[0118] (41) Carding: The purpose of the carding machine is to preliminarily mix and loosen the fiber raw materials in preparation for subsequent web laying;

[0119] (42) Web laying: During the web laying process, the uniformity and flatness of the fiber web are crucial to the quality of the final product;

[0120] (43) Needle punching: Use a needle with barbs to repeatedly puncture the fiber mesh, and the hook-belt fiber is reinforced to form a needle-punched nonwoven fabric;

[0121] (44) Thermoplasticity: The processing temperature is 170-230°C to ensure that the fibers can fully melt and form a uniform texture;

[0122] (45) Trimming and forming: During the trimming process, if heat sealing is required, a certain temperature may be required to ensure that the edges of the material can be fused and sealed.

[0123] In some embodiments, in step (5), trimming and shaping: trimming the edges of the material to achieve the desired size and shape, and performing final finishing on the product to ensure that its appearance and performance meet the requirements.

[0124] Example 1

[0125] The interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system of the present invention is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0126] Natural fiber 70%,

[0127] Biodegradable synthetic fibers 30%.

[0128] The natural fiber is a combination of multiple types of straw, coconut fiber, banana fiber, pineapple fiber, animal hair, silk protein fiber and waste textile fiber; the biodegradable synthetic fiber is a combination of four types of biodegradable polypropylene fiber, biodegradable polyester fiber, polylactic acid and polycaprolactone;

[0129] Preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polypropylene PP, preparing the fiber through a mixed melt spinning process, wherein the mass percentage of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polypropylene is 1:100, and the biodegradable polypropylene fiber is prepared by spinning after mixing;

[0130] Preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: by adding induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polyester, and preparing it through mixed melt spinning process, the mass percentage of induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch and polyester is 10:100, and the biodegradable polyester fiber is obtained by spinning after mixing.

[0131] The inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch includes the following components in mass percentage:

[0132] Polylactic acid PLA50%,

[0133] Oligosaccharides 20%,

[0134] Plasticizer 6%,

[0135] Biosurfactant 10%,

[0136] Organic acid 6%

[0137] Ferrous sulfate 8%.

[0138] Preparation method of inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0139] Polylactic acid PLA and oligosaccharides, plasticizers, biosurfactants, organic acids and ferrous sulfate; the above substances are uniformly mixed and eutectic by a screw extruder, the eutectic temperature is 200°C, and sliced ​​and granulated by an underwater pelletizer to obtain an induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

[0140] The staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 65 mm and the fineness is 1.5 D. The biosurfactant includes a combination of four of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, surfactin, and lecithin. The organic acid is citric acid.

[0141] Example 2

[0142] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that:

[0143] The interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system of the present invention is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0144] Natural fiber 80%,

[0145] Biodegradable synthetic fibers 20%.

[0146] The natural fiber is a combination of three of hemp fiber, banana fiber or pineapple fiber; the biodegradable synthetic fiber is composed of biodegradable polypropylene fiber, biodegradable polyester fiber and polylactic acid fiber.

[0147] The biodegradable synthetic fiber includes a combination of three of biodegradable polyester fiber, polylactic acid fiber and polycaprolactone fiber.

[0148] Preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: by adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polyester, and preparing it through mixed melt spinning process, the mass percentage of inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch and polyester is 2:100, and the biodegradable polyester fiber is obtained by spinning after mixing.

[0149] The inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch includes the following components in mass percentage:

[0150] Polylactic acid PLA40%,

[0151] Oligosaccharides 30%,

[0152] Plasticizer 9%,

[0153] Biosurfactant 10%,

[0154] Organic acid 3%

[0155] Ferrous sulfate 8%.

[0156] Preparation method of inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0157] Polylactic acid PLA and oligosaccharides, plasticizers, biosurfactants, organic acids and ferrous sulfate; the above substances are uniformly mixed and eutectic by a screw extruder, the eutectic temperature is 230°C, and sliced ​​and granulated by an underwater pelletizer to obtain an induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

[0158] The inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is composed of butanediol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, ferrous sulfate, polylactic acid or oligosaccharides.

[0159] The preparation method of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is as follows: butanediol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, ferrous sulfate, polylactic acid and oligosaccharides are uniformly mixed, co-melted, sliced ​​and granulated to obtain the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

[0160] The staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 38 mm and the fineness is 9D. The biosurfactant includes a combination of four of rhamnolipid, surfactin, saponin and lecithin. The organic acid is acetic acid.

[0161] Example 3

[0162] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that:

[0163] The interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system of the present invention is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0164] Natural fiber 60%,

[0165] Biodegradable synthetic fibers 40%.

[0166] Natural fibers include various combinations of cotton, linen, silk, and wool fibers from waste textile fibers;

[0167] The biodegradable synthetic fibers include a combination of three of biodegradable polypropylene fibers, polylactic acid fibers, or polycaprolactone fibers.

[0168] Preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polypropylene PP, preparing the fiber through mixed melt spinning process, wherein the mass percentage of inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch and polypropylene is 5:100, and spinning is performed after mixing to obtain biodegradable polypropylene fiber;

[0169] Preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: by adding induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polyester, and preparing it through mixed melt spinning process, the mass percentage of induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch and polyester is 5:100, and the biodegradable polyester fiber is obtained by spinning after mixing.

[0170] The inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch includes the following components in mass percentage:

[0171] Polylactic acid PLA41%,

[0172] Oligosaccharides 21%,

[0173] Plasticizer 10%,

[0174] Biosurfactants 11%,

[0175] Organic acid 8%

[0176] Ferrous sulfate 9%.

[0177] Preparation method of inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0178] Polylactic acid PLA and oligosaccharides, plasticizers, biosurfactants, organic acids and ferrous sulfate; the above substances are uniformly mixed and eutectic by a screw extruder, the eutectic temperature is 170°C, and sliced ​​and granulated by an underwater pelletizer to obtain an induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

[0179] The inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is composed of butanediol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, ferrous sulfate, polylactic acid or oligosaccharides.

[0180] The preparation method of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is as follows: butanediol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, ferrous sulfate, polylactic acid and oligosaccharides are uniformly mixed, co-melted, sliced ​​and granulated to obtain the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

[0181] The staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 50 mm and the fineness is 18D. The biosurfactant is sophorolipid. The organic acid is a combination of two of citric acid and acetic acid.

[0182] Example 4

[0183] The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that:

[0184] The interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system of the present invention is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0185] Natural fiber 50%,

[0186] Biodegradable synthetic fibers 50%.

[0187] The natural fibers are straw and coconut palm fibers; the biodegradable synthetic fibers are composed of biodegradable polypropylene fibers, biodegradable polyester fibers and polylactic acid fibers.

[0188] The inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch includes the following components in mass percentage:

[0189] Polylactic acid PLA40%,

[0190] Oligosaccharides 20%,

[0191] Plasticizer 6%,

[0192] Biosurfactant 15%,

[0193] Organic acid 7%

[0194] Ferrous sulfate 12%.

[0195] Preparation method of inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0196] Polylactic acid PLA and oligosaccharides, plasticizers, biosurfactants, organic acids and ferrous sulfate; the above substances are uniformly mixed and eutectic by a screw extruder, the eutectic temperature is 170°C, and sliced ​​and granulated by an underwater pelletizer to obtain an induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

[0197] Preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polypropylene PP, preparing the fiber through mixed melt spinning process, wherein the mass percentage of inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch and polypropylene is 6:100, and spinning is performed after mixing to obtain biodegradable polypropylene fiber;

[0198] Preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: Copolymerization and spinning process of polypropylene PP and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0199] (a) Raw material preparation stage:

[0200] 1) The drying temperature of polypropylene PP is 70℃, the drying time is 4 hours, and the moisture content is reduced to 0.02%; 2) The drying temperature of inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 75℃, the drying time is 4 hours, and hydrolysis is avoided;

[0201] (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stages:

[0202] 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polypropylene PP and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 20:80; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: zone 1 temperature is 200℃; zone 2 temperature is 210℃; zone 3 temperature is 230℃; 3) Screw speed is 60rpm, extrusion pressure is 10MPa; 4) Spinning temperature is 200℃; 2) Spinneret aperture is 0.2mm, and the number of holes is selected according to demand; 5) Cooling conditions: wind temperature is 15℃, wind speed is 0.5m / s, cooling distance is 50mm, spinning speed is 1200m / min;

[0203] (c) Post-processing stage:

[0204] 1) The stretching ratio is 10 times; 2) The heat setting temperature is 120°C and the heat setting time is 90 seconds.

[0205] The staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 50 mm and the fineness is 0.5D.

[0206] Example 5

[0207] The difference between Example 5 and Example 4 is that: the preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: by adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch into polypropylene PP, and preparing it through a mixed melt spinning process, the mass percentage of inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch and polypropylene is 3:100, and the biodegradable polypropylene fiber is obtained by spinning after mixing; the preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: the copolymerization spinning process of polypropylene PP and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0208] (a) Raw material preparation stage:

[0209] 1) The drying temperature of polypropylene PP is 80℃, the drying time is 2 hours, and the moisture content is reduced to 0.01%; 2) The drying temperature of inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 80℃, the drying time is 6 hours, and hydrolysis is avoided;

[0210] (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stages:

[0211] 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polypropylene PP and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 100:10; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: zone 1 temperature is 180℃; zone 2 temperature is 230℃; zone 3 temperature is 220℃; 3)

[0212] The screw speed is 30rpm and the extrusion pressure is 15MPa; 4) The spinneret aperture is 0.3mm and the number of holes is selected according to the needs; 5) Cooling conditions: the wind temperature is 25℃, the wind speed is 0.6m / s, the cooling distance is 150mm, and the spinning speed is 1500m / min;

[0213] (c) Post-processing stage:

[0214] 1) The stretching ratio is 5 times; 2) The heat setting temperature is 100°C and the heat setting time is 120 seconds.

[0215] Example 6

[0216] The difference between Example 6 and Example 4 is that: the preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber is: adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polypropylene PP, and preparing it through a mixed melt spinning process, the mass percentage of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch and polypropylene is 8:100, and the biodegradable polypropylene fiber is prepared by spinning after mixing;

[0217] Preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: Copolymerization and spinning process of polypropylene PP and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0218] (a) Raw material preparation stage:

[0219] 1) The drying temperature of polypropylene PP is 90°C, the drying time is 3 hours, and the moisture content is reduced to 0.03%; 2) The drying temperature of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 60°C, the drying time is 5 hours, and hydrolysis is avoided;

[0220] (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stages:

[0221] 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polypropylene PP and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 60:40; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: zone 1 temperature is 190°C; zone 2 temperature is 220°C; zone 3 temperature is 240°C; 3) Screw speed is 40rpm, extrusion pressure is 20MPa; 4) Spinneret aperture is 0.1mm, and the number of holes is selected according to demand; 5) Cooling conditions: wind temperature is 18°C, wind speed is 0.3m / s, cooling distance is 90mm, spinning speed is 500m / min;

[0222] (c) Post-processing stage:

[0223] 1) The stretching ratio is 3 times; 2) The heat setting temperature is 150°C and the heat setting time is 10 seconds.

[0224] Example 7

[0225] The difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is that:

[0226] The interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system of the present invention is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0227] Natural fiber 60%,

[0228] Biodegradable synthetic fibers 40%.

[0229] The natural fibers are a combination of straw, coconut fiber, hemp fiber, banana fiber, and pineapple fiber; the biodegradable synthetic fibers are composed of biodegradable polypropylene fiber, biodegradable polyester fiber, and polylactic acid fiber.

[0230] The inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is composed of butanediol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, ferrous sulfate, polylactic acid or oligosaccharides.

[0231] The preparation method of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is as follows: butanediol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, ferrous sulfate, polylactic acid and oligosaccharides are uniformly mixed, co-melted, sliced ​​and granulated to obtain the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

[0232] Preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: by adding induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polyester, and preparing it through mixed melt spinning process, the mass percentage of induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch and polyester is 5:100, and the biodegradable polyester fiber is obtained by spinning after mixing.

[0233] Preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: Copolymerization and spinning process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0234] (a) Raw material preparation stage:

[0235] 1) The drying temperature of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is 150°C, the drying time is 4 hours, and the moisture content is controlled below 30ppm; 2) The drying temperature of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 70°C, the drying time is 6 hours, and hydrolysis is prevented;

[0236] (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stages:

[0237] 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polyethylene terephthalate PET and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 100:1; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: the temperature of zone 1 is 190°C (feed zone preheating); the temperature of zone 2 is 220°C for compression zone melting; the temperature of zone 3 is 260°C; 3) The screw speed is 30rpm and the extrusion pressure is 18Mpa; 4) The spinneret aperture is 0.2mm, and the number of holes is selected according to demand; 5) Cooling conditions: the wind temperature is 20°C, the wind speed is 0.3m / s, the cooling distance is 150mm, and the spinning speed is 500m / min;

[0238] (c) Post-processing stage:

[0239] 1) The stretching ratio is 6 times; 2) The heat setting temperature is 230°C and the heat setting time is 10 seconds.

[0240] The staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 38mm and the fineness is 100D.

[0241] Example 8

[0242] The difference between Example 8 and Example 7 is: the preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: by adding induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polyester, and preparing it through a mixed melt spinning process, the mass percentage of the induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch and polyester is 6:100, and the biodegradable polyester fiber is obtained by spinning after mixing.

[0243] Preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: Copolymerization and spinning process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0244] (a) Raw material preparation stage:

[0245] 1) The drying temperature of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is 130°C, the drying time is 5 hours, and the moisture content is controlled below 30ppm; 2) The drying temperature of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 60°C, the drying time is 8 hours, and hydrolysis is prevented;

[0246] (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stages:

[0247] 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polyethylene terephthalate PET and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 100:10; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: the temperature of zone 1 is 200°C (feed zone preheating); the temperature of zone 2 is 240°C for compression zone melting; the temperature of zone 3 is 280°C; 3) The screw speed is 60rpm and the extrusion pressure is 20Mpa; 4) The spinneret aperture is 0.1mm, and the number of holes is selected according to demand; 5) Cooling conditions: the wind temperature is 15°C, the wind speed is 0.6m / s, the cooling distance is 120mm, and the spinning speed is 1000m / min;

[0248] (c) Post-processing stage:

[0249] 1) Stretching ratio is 5 times; 2) Heat setting temperature is 180℃, and heat setting time is 30 seconds.

[0250] The staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 38mm and the fineness is 100D.

[0251] Example 9

[0252] The difference between Example 9 and Example 7 is: the preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: by adding induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polyester, and preparing it through a mixed melt spinning process, the mass percentage of the induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch and polyester is 9:100, and the biodegradable polyester fiber is obtained by spinning after mixing.

[0253] Preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: Copolymerization and spinning process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch:

[0254] (a) Raw material preparation stage:

[0255] 1) The drying temperature of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is 120°C, the drying time is 6 hours, and the moisture content is controlled below 30ppm; 2) The drying temperature of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 80°C, the drying time is 7 hours, and hydrolysis is prevented;

[0256] (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stages:

[0257] 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polyethylene terephthalate PET and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 100:8; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: the temperature of zone 1 is 200℃ (feed zone preheating); the temperature of zone 2 is 270℃ compression zone melting; the temperature of zone 3 is 240℃; 3) The screw speed is 50rpm and the extrusion pressure is 10Mpa; 4) The spinneret aperture is 0.2mm, and the number of holes is selected according to demand; 5) Cooling conditions: wind temperature is 25℃, wind speed is 0.5m / s, cooling distance is 50mm, and spinning speed is 2000m / min;

[0258] (c) Post-processing stage:

[0259] 1) The stretching ratio is 3 times; 2) The heat setting temperature is 190°C and the heat setting time is 120 seconds.

[0260] The staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 38mm and the fineness is 100D.

[0261] Example 10

[0262] The difference between Example 10 and Example 7 is that the interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system of the present invention is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0263] Natural fiber 50%,

[0264] Biodegradable synthetic fibers 50%.

[0265] Natural fibers include straw, coconut fiber, hemp fiber, banana fiber, pineapple fiber or animal hair and silk protein fiber or one or a combination of cotton, hemp, silk and wool fibers in waste textile fibers; biodegradable synthetic fibers are composed of biodegradable polypropylene fiber, biodegradable polyester fiber and polylactic acid fiber.

[0266] The inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is composed of butanediol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, ferrous sulfate, polylactic acid or oligosaccharides.

[0267] The preparation method of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is as follows: butanediol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, ferrous sulfate, polylactic acid and oligosaccharides are uniformly mixed, co-melted, sliced ​​and granulated to obtain the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

[0268] The staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 65mm and the fineness is 80D.

[0269] Embodiment 11

[0270] A method for preparing an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0271] (1) Mixing natural fibers and biodegradable synthetic fibers in proportion;

[0272] (2) Opening and combing the mixed fibers; Opening: Opening is to open the mixed fiber clusters to make them into single fibers in preparation for subsequent combing and forming; Combing: The combing machine opens the fiber clusters to the level of single fibers, and then combines these fibers into a continuous and uniform fiber web through a group of rollers;

[0273] (3) Forming the combed fibers; Air-laying: A process that uses airflow to separate the combed fibers from the combing components to form a web. There are many ways to form an air-laying web. The basic method is that after the fibers are properly combed, the fibers are peeled off from the combing components by airflow (blowing or sucking or a combination of blowing and sucking), and the dispersed single fibers pass through an air duct. The airflow is diffused and slowed down, and the fibers in the airflow change from being arranged in order from head to tail to being irregular, and are deposited on a drum or mesh curtain to form a fiber web; Needle punching: Needle punching is to entangle the fibers in the fiber web with each other through mechanical action to form a reinforced nonwoven fabric;

[0274] (4) The formed fibers are subjected to heat treatment for forming; in the heat treatment step, the fibers are heated to a temperature sufficient to allow the fibers to bond.

[0275] In the process of carding, web laying, heating and forming, and trimming, in the heating and forming stage:

[0276] (41) Carding: The purpose of the carding machine is to preliminarily mix and loosen the fiber raw materials in preparation for subsequent web laying;

[0277] (42) Web laying: During the web laying process, the uniformity and flatness of the fiber web are crucial to the quality of the final product;

[0278] (43) Needle punching: Use a needle with barbs to repeatedly puncture the fiber mesh, and the hook-belt fiber is reinforced to form a needle-punched nonwoven fabric;

[0279] (44) Thermoplasticity: The processing temperature is 170-230°C to ensure that the fibers can fully melt and form a uniform texture;

[0280] (45) Trimming and forming: During the trimming process, if heat sealing is required, a certain temperature may be required to ensure that the edges of the material can be fused and sealed.

[0281] (5) Finishing of the heat-treated fibers. Trimming and shaping: Trimming the edges of the material to achieve the required size and shape, and performing final finishing on the product to ensure that its appearance and performance meet the requirements.

[0282] Example 12

[0283] In the production of banana fiber and biodegradable polypropylene staple fiber mixed needle punch nonwovens, the banana fiber is first pretreated to ensure that it can achieve the required physical and chemical properties when mixed with biodegradable polypropylene staple fibers. After the pretreatment step, the two fibers are mixed in a mass ratio of 7:3 to ensure balanced properties of the final product.

[0284] The mixed fibers are spread into a mesh structure through a web laying machine, which is the basis for forming non-woven fabrics. Subsequently, the fiber web is needled by a needle punching machine, which makes the fiber web tighter and stronger through physical action, enhancing the overall stability and durability of the material.

[0285] After the needle punching process, the resulting nonwoven fabric overcomes the defects of banana fiber's greater rigidity and lower elasticity. It is not only environmentally friendly, but also has good physical properties, making it an ideal material for a variety of habitat restoration scenarios. The high strength and toughness of banana fiber provide excellent tensile and tear resistance for the interface materials of artificial habitat systems, which is particularly important in civil engineering applications such as soil reinforcement, soil erosion prevention, filtration and drainage.

[0286] Test example

[0287] The biodegradable polypropylene fiber (sample M202409-0041) of Example 1 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1:

[0288] Table 1

[0289]

[0290] 1. The test report of inoculum, test material and reference material information is shown in Table 2:

[0291] Table 2

[0292] project Inoculant (compost) Reference material (microcrystalline cellulose) Sample (M202409-0041) pH(%) 8.15 / / Moisture content (%) 79.5 4.3 0.3 Total dry solid content (%) 20.5 95.7 99.7 Volatile solid content (%) 83.3 99.9 99.7 Total organic carbon content (%) 42.29 44.43 86.65 Volatile fatty acids (g.kg wet weight) 0.24 / / Ammonia nitrogen (g.kg wet weight) 0.52 / /

[0293] 2. Test system information

[0294] (1) The test was carried out in a 2 L test system at a constant temperature of 52°C ± 2°C and low light conditions.

[0295] (2) Inoculum source: Homemade anaerobic digestion compost, age: 4 months. Pre-cultured at 52°C for 7 days before use.

[0296] (3) Molecular formula of positive reference microcrystalline cellulose: (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n , molecular weight: (162.14) n , Properties: white powder, Purity: chromatographic grade.

[0297] (4) This test method simulates an optimal high solid content anaerobic digestion environment. During the test, the volume and content of biogas in the reaction vessel are continuously monitored and measured regularly to calculate the cumulative production of biogas. The ratio of the actual biogas release of the test material to the total organic carbon content of the material measured is the biodegradation percentage. The biodegradation percentage does not include the carbon content that has been converted into new cell biomass. The test system information table is shown in Table 3:

[0298] Table 3

[0299]

[0300] 3 Test results, the volume of biogas released by each reaction container is shown in Table 4:

[0301] Table 4

[0302]

[0303]

[0304] The biodegradation percentage and its average value during the test are shown in Table 5:

[0305] Table 5

[0306]

[0307]

[0308] 4. Analysis of the validity of test results

[0309] The average biodegradation percentage-time curve of the reference material and sample group is shown in Figure 1 Analysis of the validity of the test results: (1) The biodegradability of the reference material after 15 days was 70.9%, 73.2% and 70.3%, with an average of 71.5%, which is greater than 70%;

[0310] (2) At the end of the test (45 days), the deviations between the biodegradation percentages in the reference material digestion vessels and the average values ​​were 0.3%, 2.9% and 2.6%, respectively, all of which did not exceed 20%.

[0311] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims, description and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system, characterized in that: The interface material for the biodegradable artificial habitat system is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: Natural fiber 30-80%, Biodegradable synthetic fibers 20-70%.

2. The interface material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural fibers include straw, coconut palm fibers, hemp fibers, banana fibers, pineapple fibers or animal hair and silk protein fibers or one or more combinations of cotton, hemp, silk and wool fibers in degradable waste textile fibers; the biodegradable synthetic fibers include one or more combinations of biodegradable polypropylene fibers, biodegradable polyester fibers, polylactic acid fibers or polycaprolactone fibers; Preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polypropylene PP, preparing the fiber through a mixed melt spinning process, wherein the mass percentage of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polypropylene is 1-10:100, and spinning is performed after mixing to obtain the biodegradable polypropylene fiber; The preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber is as follows: the fiber is prepared by adding inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and then subjected to a mixed melt spinning process, wherein the mass percentage ratio of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch to the polyethylene terephthalate is 1-10:100, and the biodegradable polyester fiber is obtained by spinning after mixing.

3. The interface material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch comprises the following components in percentage by mass: Polylactic acid PLA40-50%, Oligosaccharides 20-30%, Plasticizer 6-10%, Biosurfactant 10-15%, Organic acid 3-8%, Ferrous sulfate 8-12%.

4. The interface material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch: Polylactic acid PLA, oligosaccharides, plasticizers, biosurfactants, organic acids and ferrous sulfate are uniformly mixed and eutectic by a screw extruder at a temperature of 170-230°C. The eutectic is sliced ​​and granulated by an underwater pelletizer to obtain an induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch.

5. The interface material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The staple length of the biodegradable synthetic fiber is 38-65 mm, and the fineness is 0.5-100D; the biosurfactant includes one or a combination of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, surfactin, saponin or lecithin, and the organic acid includes one or a combination of two of citric acid or acetic acid.

6. The interface material according to claim 5, characterized in that: Preparation method of biodegradable polypropylene fiber: Copolymerization and spinning process of polypropylene PP and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch: (a) Raw material preparation stage: 1) The drying temperature of polypropylene PP is 70-90℃, the drying time is 2-4 hours, and the moisture content is reduced to 0.01%-0.03%; 2) The drying temperature of induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 60-80℃, the drying time is 4-6 hours, and hydrolysis is avoided; (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stage: 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polypropylene PP and induced bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 100:1 to 100:10; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: zone 1 temperature is 180-200℃; zone 2 temperature is 210-230℃; zone 3 temperature is 220-240℃; 3) Screw speed is 30-60rpm, extrusion pressure is 10-20MPa; 4) Spinneret aperture is 0.1-0.3mm, and the number of holes is selected according to demand; 5) Cooling conditions: wind temperature is 15-25℃, wind speed is 0.3-0.6m / s, cooling distance is 50-150mm, spinning speed is 500-1500m / min; (c) Post-processing stage: 1) The stretching ratio is 3-10 times; 2) The heat setting temperature is 100-150°C, and the heat setting time is 10-120 seconds.

7. The interface material according to claim 5, characterized in that: Preparation method of biodegradable polyester fiber: Copolymerization and spinning process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch: (a) Raw material preparation stage: 1) The drying temperature of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is 120-150°C, the drying time is 4-6 hours, and the moisture content is controlled below 30ppm; 2) The drying temperature of the inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch is 60-80°C, the drying time is 6-8 hours, and hydrolysis is prevented; (b) Blending, extrusion and spinning stages: 1) The mass fraction blending ratio of polyethylene terephthalate PET and inducible bioactive enzyme masterbatch ranges from 100:1 to 100:10; 2) Screw extrusion temperature: the temperature of zone 1 is 180-200℃ (feed zone preheating); the temperature of zone 2 is 220-240℃ compression zone melting; the temperature of zone 3 is 240-260℃; 3) The screw speed is 30-60rpm, and the extrusion pressure is 10-20Mpa; 4) The spinneret aperture is 0.1-0.4 mm, and the number of holes is selected according to demand; 5) Cooling conditions: wind temperature is 15-25℃, wind speed is 0.3-0.6m / s, cooling distance is 50-150mm, and spinning speed is 500-2000m / min; (c) Post-processing stage: 1) The stretching ratio is 3-6 times; 2) The heat setting temperature is 180-230°C and the heat setting time is 10-120 seconds.

8. A method for preparing an interface material for a biodegradable artificial habitat system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The steps include: (1) Mixing natural fibers and biodegradable synthetic fibers according to the ratio described in claim 1; (2) opening and combing the mixed fibers; Opening: Opening is to open the mixed fiber mass to make it into a single fiber state, preparing for subsequent combing and forming; Carding: The carding machine opens the fiber clusters to the level of individual fibers, and then combines these fibers into a continuous, uniform fiber web through pairs of rollers; (3) forming the combed fibers into a web; (4) The fibers on the surface of the fiber web are forced into the interior of the fiber web by needle punching, and a tangled structure is formed, which will not recover. Under the friction and entanglement between the fibers, the fluffy fiber web is compressed, and after repeated punctures, numerous entanglement points are formed, which fix the fiber web. (5) heating the fiber web after needle punching reinforcement to form it; Under hot air at 170-230℃, the thermoplastic fibers in the nonwoven fabric will bond together due to the heat to form a stable structure; (6) Finishing the fibers after the heat treatment.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (3), air-laying: a process of using air flow to separate combed fibers from a combing component to form a web; the basic method of air-laying is that after the fibers are properly combed, air flow is used to peel the fibers off the combing component, and the dispersed single fibers pass through an air duct, where the air flow is diffused and decelerated, and the fibers in the air flow change from being arranged in order from head to tail to being irregular, and are deposited on a drum or a mesh curtain to form a fiber web; needle punching: needle punching is a process of mechanically entangling the fibers in the fiber web with each other to form a reinforced nonwoven fabric.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (4), the fibers are heated to a temperature sufficient to bond the fibers; in the process of heat-plasticization and trimming, during the heat-forming stage: (41) Carding: The purpose of the carding machine is to preliminarily mix and loosen the fiber raw materials in preparation for subsequent web laying; (42) Web laying: During the web laying process, the uniformity and flatness of the fiber web are crucial to the quality of the final product; (43) Needle punching: Use a needle with barbs to repeatedly puncture the fiber mesh, and the hooks and fibers are reinforced to form a needle-punched nonwoven fabric; (44) Thermoplasticity: The processing temperature is 170-230°C to ensure that the fibers can fully melt and form a uniform texture; (45) Trimming and forming: During the trimming process, if heat sealing is required, a certain temperature may be required to ensure that the edges of the material can be fused and sealed.

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