High-power laser rapid focusing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-power laser rapid focusing device, and relates to the technical field of laser processing. In order to solve the problems that an existing focusing device is slow in speed, and an optical lens is easily polluted by external pollutants and thermal volatile matters in a motor, the following technical scheme is provided: the focusing device comprises a voice coil motor, a labyrinth seal optical mechanism and a flexible disc mechanism. A coil is wound on a bobbin in the voice coil motor and surrounded by a magnetic field, the coil is stressed to move after being powered on, the cat eye lens is driven to move under the guiding effect of the flexible disc structure, and meanwhile the grating ruler and the reading head provide position feedback to achieve the focusing function. The cat eye lens and the convex lens are sealed in the labyrinth sealing mechanism and are relatively isolated from the outside and a coil in the motor, so that pollution of external pollutants and thermal volatile matters of the motor coil to the lens is avoided, and high performance, low cost and high reliability of the high-power laser rapid focusing device are realized. And an effective solution is provided for the field of high-power laser processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular to a high-power laser fast focusing device. Background Art

[0002] In laser processing, rapid zooming is often required, such as in 3D galvanometer processing and laser cutting. Since the workpieces being processed are distributed at different heights or have complex 3D surfaces, the focus of the laser needs to be on the processing surface at all times to ensure the processing effect.

[0003] There are two main focusing methods currently used:

[0004] 1. Solution 1: Using a dual-galvanometer motor and dual parabolic mirror focusing structure. For example, the dynamic focusing module disclosed in patents CN112068309A and DE102012111091A1 can achieve synchronous high-speed response of the focus spot position change in three axes in space, becoming the fastest focusing mechanism on the market. However, due to patent protection and its complex structure, this solution is too expensive and therefore has not been widely used.

[0005] 2. Solution 2: Focusing is achieved by changing the relative position between the optical devices in the laser beam expansion and focusing system. For example, the dynamic focusing device disclosed in patent CN216680699U uses changing the distance between the negative lens and the focusing mirror to achieve dynamic focusing, outputting laser beams of different sizes to obtain different processing depths. In addition, voice coil motors are widely used in laser focusing due to their high acceleration and high efficiency. Patent US11090761 B2 discloses a fast focusing mechanism based on an air-floating guide rail and a voice coil motor, which utilizes the frictionless characteristics of the air-floating guide rail and the high acceleration of the voice coil motor to enable it to achieve an acceleration of up to 50G and an excellent characteristic of unlimited life.

[0006] However, due to the high cost and large size of the dual-galvanometer motor and dual-parabolic reflector, promotion is difficult; and although the voice coil motor of the air-floating guide has obvious advantages, the air-floating guide has extremely high precision requirements for machined parts, and it is difficult to control the cost. In addition, the air-floating guide relies on the air source. If the air source is insufficient, it may cause product damage. Therefore, it needs to be equipped with an air compressor, an air tank and a high-quality filtration system. The filtration system also needs to replace consumables regularly, which increases the cost of use.

[0007] The focusing structure based on traditional mechanical guide rails needs to be lubricated regularly, but the optical components in high-power laser processing are usually strictly sealed, which makes it very difficult to ensure the injection of grease at the industrial site and there is a risk of contaminating the lens. Therefore, the product is not lubricated during use, and its life is often limited to 1-3 years, resulting in great waste. In addition, the volatiles and dust particles of the guide rail lubricant not only pose a risk of contaminating the lens, but can usually only be used in medium and low-power laser processing.

[0008] The structure of the voice coil motor is exposed in the coil. When it is working, the temperature rises and hot volatiles are generated. If they adhere to the lens, it may cause dirt problems. In serious cases, it may even cause cracks and safety hazards.

[0009] In summary, high-power laser focusing faces many technical bottlenecks, including high manufacturing and use costs, short service life, slow focusing response speed, etc. These problems affect the overall performance of the equipment and limit its popularity in practical applications. Therefore, the industry urgently needs to innovate in materials, design and processes to improve the reliability and efficiency of high-power laser focusing systems. Summary of the invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-power laser fast focusing device to solve the problems of slow focusing speed of the existing focusing device and the optical lens being easily contaminated by pollutants and motor thermal volatiles.

[0011] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0012] A high-power laser fast focusing device, comprising: a voice coil motor, a labyrinth seal optical mechanism and a flexible disc mechanism, the voice coil motor comprising a coil, a bobbin and a magnetic assembly housing, one end of the bobbin is placed inside the magnetic assembly housing, the other end of the bobbin is mounted on a flexible disc inner pressure ring B of the flexible disc mechanism, the coil is wound on the bobbin, when the coil moves in a magnetic field, it can drive the bobbin and the flexible disc mechanism connected thereto to move, thereby realizing a focusing function;

[0013] The labyrinth sealing optical mechanism includes a convex lens mounting seat, a labyrinth sealing tube and a cat's eye lens mounting tube. The cat's eye lens mounting tube is tightly mounted on the flexible disc outer pressure ring A of the flexible disc mechanism. The cat's eye lens mounting tube has two mounting end faces, which are respectively mounted on the flexible disc inner pressure ring B and the flexible disc inner pressure ring A of the flexible disc mechanism; the labyrinth sealing tube is mounted on the magnetic component housing.

[0014] Furthermore, the voice coil motor also includes a water inlet joint, a water channel plug and a water outlet joint which are connected in sequence.

[0015] Furthermore, a magnetic yoke, a magnetic steel B, a magnetic pole piece B, a magnetic steel A and a magnetic pole piece A are sequentially installed in the housing of the magnetic assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, a convex lens is installed in the convex lens mounting seat, and the convex lens is pressed by a convex lens stress-free clamping ring.

[0017] Furthermore, a cat's eye lens is installed in the cat's eye lens installation tube, and the cat's eye lens is pressed by a cat's eye lens stress-free clamping ring.

[0018] Furthermore, a laser protection window is installed inside the labyrinth sealing tube, and the laser protection window is pressed by a laser protection window stress-free clamping ring.

[0019] Furthermore, the flexible disc mechanism also includes a flexible disc outer pressure ring B, on which the flexible disc B is crimped, and on which the flexible disc A is crimped. The inner rings of the flexible disc A and the flexible disc B are respectively crimped on the two end surfaces of the cat's eye lens mounting tube.

[0020] Furthermore, the flexible disc mechanism also includes a housing, a reading head mounting block and a reading head. The reading head mounting block is installed in the housing, and the reading head is installed on the reading head mounting block.

[0021] Furthermore, the flexible disc mechanism also includes an interface circuit board, which is mounted on the housing and integrates the coil and the cable on the reading head.

[0022] Furthermore, the flexible disc mechanism also includes a grating ruler, and the grating ruler is bonded to the cat's eye lens mounting tube.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] Fast focusing and high-precision positioning: Through the high thrust and fast response characteristics of the voice coil motor, the device can achieve rapid focusing to meet the high requirements for focusing speed in high-power laser processing; through the coordinated use of the grating ruler and the reading head, the device can achieve high-precision position feedback to further improve the focusing accuracy.

[0025] Cost-effectiveness: The flexible disc guide structure adopted avoids the use of traditional mechanical guide rails and lubrication systems, thereby reducing manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0026] Long life and maintenance-free: Since the flexible disc mechanism does not require lubrication, the maintenance work required due to lubricant volatilization or contamination is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the device; eliminating the need for traditional guide rail grease, reducing maintenance work and improving production efficiency.

[0027] Optical component protection: The labyrinth-sealed optical mechanism effectively isolates external contaminants and motor thermal volatiles, protects the optical lens from contamination, and ensures the cleanliness and performance of the optical devices.

[0028] Heat dissipation performance: The voice coil motor adopts a water cooling design, which effectively dissipates the heat generated by the motor and improves the stability and reliability of the motor.

[0029] Compact structure: The integrated design makes the device small in size, easy to install and use in space-constrained environments.

[0030] Environmentally friendly: Since no lubricant is needed, the pollution to the environment is reduced, which is in line with the development trend of green manufacturing.

[0031] Improve processing quality: Fast and precise focusing capability ensures that the laser focus is always on the processing surface, thereby improving processing quality and efficiency.

[0032] Reduced energy consumption: Fast focusing reduces waiting time during processing, thereby reducing overall energy consumption.

[0033] Modular and easy to integrate: The device is designed with compatibility with other laser processing equipment in mind, making it easy to integrate into existing production lines. The design of each component allows for quick replacement and upgrading, facilitating future technological improvements and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high-power laser rapid focusing device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the high-power laser rapid focusing device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the voice coil motor of the high-power laser fast focusing device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the labyrinth seal optical mechanism of the high-power laser rapid focusing device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the flexible disc mechanism of the high-power laser rapid focusing device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6a This is a structural diagram of a flexible disc of a high-power laser rapid focusing device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6b This is a simulation diagram of the stress deformation of the flexible disc of the high-power laser rapid focusing device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a decay oscillation curve diagram of the high-power laser rapid focusing device of the present invention.

[0042] Figures 1 to 7The reference numerals shown in the figure represent: water inlet connector 101, magnetic pole piece A102, magnetic steel A103, magnetic pole piece B104, magnetic steel B105, coil 106, winding tube 107, magnetic yoke 108, magnetic assembly housing 109, water channel plug 110, water outlet connector 111, cat's eye lens 201, convex lens 202, convex lens stress-free clamping ring 203, convex lens mounting seat 204, cat's eye lens stress-free clamping ring 205, laser protection Window 206, laser protection window stress-free retaining ring 207, labyrinth sealing tube 208, cat's eye lens mounting tube 209, flexible disc inner pressure ring B301, flexible disc B302, flexible disc outer pressure ring B303, outer shell 304, cover plate 305, interface circuit board 306, flexible disc outer pressure ring A307, reading head mounting block 308, reading head 309, flexible disc A310, grating scale 311, flexible disc inner pressure ring A312. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1-3 When implementing the high-power laser rapid focusing device of the present invention, it is first necessary to prepare three main parts: a voice coil motor, a labyrinth seal optical mechanism, and a flexible disc mechanism. The structure of the voice coil motor mainly includes a coil 106, a bobbin 107, and a magnetic assembly housing 109. One end of the bobbin 107 is located inside the magnetic assembly housing 109, and the other end is connected to the flexible disc inner pressure ring B301 of the flexible disc mechanism. The coil 106 is wound on the bobbin 107. When the coil 106 moves in the magnetic field, it can drive the bobbin 107 and the flexible disc mechanism connected thereto to move, thereby realizing the focusing function.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 , a magnetic yoke 108, a magnet B105, a magnetic pole piece B104, a magnet A103 and a magnetic pole piece A102 are sequentially installed in the magnetic assembly housing 109 of the voice coil motor. Such a structural design can ensure that the voice coil motor generates a sufficient magnetic field during operation to drive the movement of the coil 106. In order to effectively dissipate heat, the voice coil motor also includes a water inlet joint 101, a water channel plug 110 and a water outlet joint 111 that are connected in sequence to form a closed cooling water channel to keep the temperature of the motor stable when the motor is running at high power.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 4The labyrinth seal optical mechanism is composed of a convex lens mounting seat 204, a labyrinth seal tube 208 and a cat's eye lens mounting tube 209. The cat's eye lens mounting tube 209 is tightly mounted on the flexible disc outer pressure ring A307 of the flexible disc mechanism, and the two mounting end faces of the cat's eye lens mounting tube 209 are respectively mounted on the flexible disc inner pressure ring B301 and the flexible disc inner pressure ring A312 of the flexible disc mechanism. The labyrinth seal tube 208 is mounted on the magnetic assembly housing 109. Such a design can effectively protect the optical components from external contamination.

[0047] A convex lens 202 is installed in the convex lens mounting seat 204, and the lens is fixed by a convex lens stress-free clamping ring 203 to ensure the stability of the lens during the focusing process. The cat's eye lens 201 is installed in the cat's eye lens mounting tube 209 and fixed by a cat's eye lens stress-free clamping ring 205. A laser protection window 206 is installed inside the labyrinth sealing tube 208, and the protection window is fixed by a laser protection window stress-free clamping ring 207 to prevent high-power laser from damaging the optical components.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 5 The design of the flexible disc mechanism includes a flexible disc outer pressure ring B303, on which a flexible disc B302 is crimped, and a flexible disc A310 crimped on a flexible disc outer pressure ring A307. The inner rings of the flexible disc A310 and the flexible disc B302 are respectively crimped on the two end surfaces of the cat's eye lens mounting tube 209. This design allows the flexible disc mechanism to move without traditional lubricants, thereby avoiding maintenance work required due to lubricant volatilization or contamination, and improving the service life and reliability of the device.

[0049] The flexible disc mechanism further includes a housing 304, a reading head mounting block 308, and a reading head 309. The reading head mounting block 308 is mounted in the housing 304, and the reading head 309 is mounted on the reading head mounting block 308. Such a structure can accurately measure and control the movement of the focusing device to ensure the accuracy of focusing.

[0050] The interface circuit board 306 is mounted on the housing 304, with a cover plate 305 on the top. The interface circuit board 306 combines the coil 106 and the cable on the reading head 309. This design simplifies the circuit connection and facilitates installation and maintenance. The grating ruler 311 is bonded to the cat's eye lens mounting tube 209 and used in conjunction with the reading head 309 to provide high-precision position feedback and further improve the accuracy of focusing.

[0051] In actual production, the coil 106 of the voice coil motor is evenly wound on the bobbin 107 using enameled wire. The bobbin 107 is made of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy. This material is not only high in strength, but also can provide large damping during movement by cutting the magnetic flux lines when moving in the magnetic field. At the same time, the aluminum alloy material can also provide good heat dissipation for the coil. The magnetic component housing 109 is made of ordinary aluminum alloy, and three water-cooling blind holes with a large depth-to-diameter ratio are processed on its side, which are respectively installed with the water inlet joint 101, the water outlet joint 111 and the water channel plug 110 to form a closed cooling water channel.

[0052] The cat's eye lens mounting tube 209 in the labyrinth seal optical mechanism has multiple air pressure balance holes distributed circumferentially at the location where the cat's eye lens 201 is mounted, which not only achieves the air pressure balance of the air cavities on both sides during the left and right movement of the cat's eye lens, but also generates additional damping when the gas flows through the air pressure balance holes, thereby increasing the motion damping and reducing the motion setting time. In addition, the gas flowing through the small holes can also provide heat dissipation for the cat's eye lens, reducing the heat accumulation of high-power lasers on the cat's eye lens.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 6a-6b The flexible disc A310 and flexible disc B302 of the flexible disc mechanism are made of high manganese steel thin plates and cold processed by ultra-fast laser cutting to ensure stress-free and non-deformed after processing. This choice of material and processing method makes the flexible disc mechanism lubrication-free, unlimited life and no pollutants generated during movement.

[0054] During the assembly process, first, a finely machined blind hole for mounting the magnetic assembly is provided on the end face of the magnetic assembly housing 109, and the yoke 108, magnetic steel B105, magnetic pole piece B104, magnetic steel A103 and magnetic pole piece A102 are installed closely together in sequence. Then, the coil 106 is evenly wound on the winding tube 107, and one end of the winding tube 107 is ensured to be connected to the flexible disc inner pressure ring B301 of the flexible disc mechanism. Next, the cooling water path of the voice coil motor is installed, including the water inlet joint 101, the water path plug 110 and the water outlet joint 111, to ensure the sealing and flowability of the cooling water path.

[0055] In the assembly of the labyrinth seal optical mechanism, the convex lens 202 is first installed in the convex lens mounting seat 204 and fixed with the convex lens stress-free clamping ring 203. Then, the cat's eye lens 201 is installed in the cat's eye lens mounting tube 209 and fixed with the cat's eye lens stress-free clamping ring 205. Finally, the laser protection window 206 is installed in the labyrinth seal tube 208 and fixed with the laser protection window stress-free clamping ring 207. The labyrinth seal tube 208 is installed on the magnetic assembly housing 109 by threads to ensure sealing and stability.

[0056] The assembly of the flexible disc mechanism includes crimping the flexible disc outer pressure ring B303 and the flexible disc A307 to the flexible disc B302 and the flexible disc A310 respectively. The inner rings of the flexible disc A310 and the flexible disc B302 are crimped to the two end faces of the cat's eye lens mounting tube 209 respectively. Next, the reading head mounting block 308 is installed in the housing 304, and the reading head 309 is installed on the reading head mounting block 308. The interface circuit board 306 is installed on the housing 304, and the cables on the coil 106 and the reading head 309 are merged. The grating scale 311 is bonded to the cat's eye lens mounting tube 209 and used in conjunction with the reading head 309.

[0057] During the debugging process, the magnetic field strength of the voice coil motor and the movement of the coil 106 need to be precisely controlled to ensure the accuracy and response speed of the focusing. At the same time, the sealing and protection performance of the labyrinth seal optical mechanism need to be tested to ensure the safety and stability of the optical components under the action of high-power lasers. The movement accuracy and stability of the flexible disc mechanism also need to be strictly tested to ensure the reliability of long-term operation.

[0058] In practical applications, this high-power laser fast focusing device can be widely used in 3D galvanometer processing, laser cutting and other scenarios, especially when the workpieces are distributed at different heights or the workpieces have complex 3D curved surfaces, the laser focus needs to be always on the processing surface to ensure the processing effect. The fast focusing function of the device can significantly improve the processing efficiency and quality, while reducing maintenance costs and environmental pollution risks.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 7 In order to further verify the performance of the device, a series of tests can be performed. For example, by measuring the data of the grating scale, the damping ratio can be calculated to be 0.19, thereby evaluating the damping effect provided by the aluminum alloy winding tube and the balanced air pressure hole. The measured attenuation oscillation curve can prove that the device can effectively reduce the setting time and improve the focusing response speed.

[0060] In summary, the high-power laser fast focusing device of the present invention solves the problems of high cost, high use cost, short life, slow response and pollution in the prior art through its unique design. The device has the advantages of fast focusing response, long life, maintenance-free, compact structure and cost-effectiveness, and is suitable for various high-power laser processing application scenarios.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-power laser fast focusing device, characterized in that: include: A voice coil motor, a labyrinth seal optical mechanism and a flexible disc mechanism, wherein the voice coil motor comprises a coil (106), a bobbin (107) and a magnetic assembly housing (109), one end of the bobbin (107) is placed inside the magnetic assembly housing (109), and the other end of the bobbin (107) is mounted on a flexible disc inner pressure ring B (301) of the flexible disc mechanism, the coil (106) is wound on the bobbin (107), and when the coil (106) moves in a magnetic field, it can drive the bobbin (107) and the flexible disc mechanism connected thereto to move, thereby realizing a focusing function; The labyrinth seal optical mechanism comprises a convex lens mounting seat (204), a labyrinth seal tube (208) and a cat's eye lens mounting tube (209); the cat's eye lens mounting tube (209) is tightly mounted on a flexible disc outer pressure ring A (307) of a flexible disc mechanism; the cat's eye lens mounting tube (209) has two mounting end faces, which are respectively mounted on a flexible disc inner pressure ring B (301) and a flexible disc inner pressure ring A (312) of the flexible disc mechanism; the labyrinth seal tube (208) is mounted on the magnetic assembly housing (109).

2. The high-power laser rapid focusing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voice coil motor further comprises a water inlet joint (101), a water channel plug (110) and a water outlet joint (111) which are connected in sequence.

3. The high-power laser rapid focusing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnetic yoke (108), a magnetic steel B (105), a magnetic pole piece B (104), a magnetic steel A (103) and a magnetic pole piece A (102) are sequentially installed in the magnetic assembly housing (109).

4. The high-power laser rapid focusing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A convex lens (202) is installed in the convex lens mounting seat (204), and the convex lens (202) is pressed by a convex lens stress-free clamping ring (203).

5. The high-power laser rapid focusing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cat's eye lens (201) is installed in the cat's eye lens installation tube (209), and the cat's eye lens (201) is pressed by a cat's eye lens stress-free clamping ring (205).

6. The high-power laser rapid focusing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A laser protection window (206) is installed inside the labyrinth sealing tube (208), and the laser protection window (206) is pressed by a laser protection window stress-free clamping ring (207).

7. The high-power laser rapid focusing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible disc mechanism also includes a flexible disc outer pressure ring B (303), on which the flexible disc B (302) is crimped, and on which the flexible disc outer pressure ring A (307) is crimped the flexible disc A (310), and the inner rings of the flexible disc A (310) and the flexible disc B (302) are respectively crimped onto the two end surfaces of the cat's eye lens mounting tube (209).

8. The high-power laser rapid focusing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible disc mechanism further comprises a housing (304), a reading head mounting block (308) and a reading head (309), wherein the reading head mounting block (308) is mounted in the housing (304), and the reading head (309) is mounted on the reading head mounting block (308).

9. The high-power laser rapid focusing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flexible disc mechanism also includes an interface circuit board (306), which is mounted on the housing (304), and the interface circuit board (306) combines the coil (106) and the cable on the reading head (309).

10. The high-power laser rapid focusing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible disc mechanism also includes a grating ruler (311), and the grating ruler (311) is bonded to the cat's eye lens mounting tube (209).

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