Method for preparing refractory castable by adopting calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of refractory castable, and particularly relates to a method for preparing refractory castable by adopting calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement. The calcined secondary aluminum ash, limestone and bauxite are blended, ball-milled and sintered into calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement, and the mass fraction of the calcined secondary aluminum ash is 1-20%. The castable comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-80% of high-aluminum aggregate; 5-30% of high-aluminum fine powder; 1-15% of silica fume powder; 5-20% of calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement; 1-15% of calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate; 0.01%-10% of a water reducing agent; 0.01%-10% of a cross-linking agent; and 5-20% of a liquid activator. The calcined secondary aluminum ash contains a large amount of active Al2O3 and SiO2, and the mechanical property is remarkably improved through hydration reaction, so that the refractory castable has higher breaking strength and compression strength; the components are more controllable, and the performance of the prepared material is more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of refractory castables, and in particular relates to a method for preparing refractory castables by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement. Background Art

[0002] Compared with silicate cement, aluminate cement has fast setting, fast hardening, early strength and high strength, especially in terms of high temperature resistance, high temperature fluid erosion resistance and thermal shock resistance. Therefore, it has become the most widely used high temperature binder in the field of refractory castables and refractory profiles. The production and preparation of aluminate cement mainly uses bauxite as raw material.

[0003] Aluminum ash is a hazardous solid waste generated in the aluminum industry (including primary aluminum industry and secondary aluminum industry). Although aluminum ash is a hazardous solid waste, it contains a large amount of metallic aluminum and aluminum oxide and has a high utilization value. By developing aluminum ash as raw material to prepare refractory aluminate cement, it can not only achieve resource recycling and reduce costs, but also reduce environmental pollution, which has important social and economic benefits.

[0004] At present, the resource utilization methods of secondary aluminum ash slag mainly include: extraction of metallic aluminum or Al2O3, synthesis of cryolite and magnesia-aluminum spinel, castables, alumina-based ceramics, refractory bricks, concrete, etc. Among them, the preparation of castables from secondary aluminum ash is mainly for building materials. In such applications, the composition of raw aluminum ash varies greatly and is unstable, which easily leads to uncontrollable quality of the final product and makes it impossible to achieve large-scale production. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a refractory castable using calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement in view of the defects of the prior art. The calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement is used as a raw material, and the calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement has a short setting time. By changing the amount of the cross-linking agent used, the refractory castable of the present invention can not only be used to prepare the lining of an industrial kiln, but also can be used as a quick repair material to achieve the effect of extending the service life of the lining of an industrial kiln and potholes through repair. The refractory castable provided by the present invention has higher compressive strength and flexural strength in a high temperature use environment of 800 to 1400°C.

[0006] The invention discloses a refractory castable prepared by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement. The refractory castable comprises the following components in mass fraction: 20-80% of high aluminum aggregate; 5-30% of high aluminum fine powder; 1-15% of silica fume powder; 5-20% of calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement; 1-15% of calcining secondary aluminum ash aggregate; 0.01-10% of water reducing agent; 0.01-10% of cross-linking agent; and 5-20% of liquid activator.

[0007] The high-alumina aggregate is one or a mixture of any proportion of kaolin, bauxite, mullite, andalusite, and pyroxene, and its particle size is 1 to 10 mm.

[0008] The high-alumina fine powder is one or a mixture of any proportion of kaolin, bauxite, mullite, andalusite, and pyroxene, and its particle size is 45 to 100 μm.

[0009] Silicon powder is ball-milled and sieved, with a particle size of ≤75μm and a sieve residue rate of ≤5%

[0010] Calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement is prepared by mixing calcined secondary aluminum ash, bauxite and limestone, then ball milling the mixture, sintering at 800-1500°C for 1-3 hours, and then ball milling the mixture again. The calcined secondary aluminum ash is secondary aluminum ash calcined at 800-1400°C, and the mass percentage of the calcined secondary aluminum ash is controlled between 1% and 20%.

[0011] The main chemical components of the calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement include the following components in mass percentage: Al2O3: 30-60wt%; CaO: 20-50wt%; Si2O3≤9wt%; Fe2O3≤3wt%; Na≤0.5wt%; K≤0.5wt%; S≤0.2wt%; Cl≤0.06wt%; and its particle size is ≤75μm.

[0012] The calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate is made by calcining secondary aluminum ash at a high temperature of 800-1400°C for 1-3 hours, and its particle size is 1-10mm, and the mass fraction of Al2O3 is ≥60wt%.

[0013] The water reducing agent is selected from one of polyphosphate, metaphosphate, melamine-based water reducing agent, aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agent, and aminosulfonic acid-based water reducing agent, or a mixture of several of them in any proportion.

[0014] The crosslinking agent is one or a mixture of any proportion of phenolic resin, citric acid, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide and zinc nitrate.

[0015] The liquid activator is one or a mixture of any proportion of borax, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, epoxy resin, water, polyacrylamide and triethanolamine.

[0016] The method for preparing refractory castable by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. Crushing the calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate to a particle size of ≤10mm to prevent large-area agglomeration and better combine the calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate with other materials;

[0018] S2. Weigh high-aluminum aggregate, high-aluminum fine powder, silica fume powder, calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement, and calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate according to the weight fractions and mix them evenly in a mixer;

[0019] S3. Add the crosslinking agent and water reducing agent to the liquid activator, stir evenly, and let stand for 5 to 20 minutes;

[0020] S4. Slowly pour the mixed liquid of cross-linking agent, water reducing agent and liquid activator into the mixer, stir and observe the flow state of the rubber material until the fluidity of the mortar reaches a pourable state. Turn off the mixer and take out the mortar to make the casting material.

[0021] The steps of using the refractory castable are as follows: take the refractory castable and pour or apply it to the use position, use a stirring rod or a vibrator to act on the mold to expel bubbles in the castable during the pouring process, use segmented pouring during the pouring process, and use tools to trim the surface of the castable to ensure the density of the castable and the flatness of the surface, demould after curing in the mold at room temperature for 24 to 36 hours, continue to cure at room temperature for 2 to 3 days after demoulding, then increase the temperature to 100 to 150°C at 2°C / min and bake at this temperature for 18 to 32 hours to remove moisture in the refractory castable while preventing cracks on the surface.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] (1) The present invention utilizes the fact that the calcined secondary aluminum ash contains a large amount of active Al2O3 and SiO2, and the mechanical properties are significantly increased after the hydration reaction, so that the refractory castable has stronger flexural strength and compressive strength.

[0024] (2) The method of preparing refractory castables by using calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement is an energy-saving, environmentally friendly and low-cost method.

[0025] (3) The refractory castable prepared by using calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement provided by the present invention uses calcined secondary aluminum ash as raw material. Compared with the traditional method of preparing materials using raw aluminum ash, its composition and performance are more stable, and no toxic gases such as NH3 and CH4 are generated during the production process.

[0026] (4) The present invention can stably consume secondary aluminum ash, thereby realizing waste utilization, saving bauxite, and achieving the goal of a circular economy while producing refractory castables with stable performance.

[0027] (5) The present invention uses calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement, which has a faster solidification speed. By changing the amount of cross-linking agent used, the refractory castable can be used not only for casting and molding, but also for furnace repair work. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] The secondary aluminum ash is sent into a high-temperature calcining furnace and calcined at 1000°C for 3 hours to produce calcined secondary aluminum ash.

[0031] The preparation process of calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement is:

[0032] S1. Weigh calcined secondary aluminum ash, limestone and bauxite according to the mass ratio for mixing. The mass fraction of each component is as follows: calcined secondary aluminum ash 12wt%, limestone 37wt%, bauxite 51wt%. The above raw materials are blended and put into a ball mill to make cement raw material. The particle size is required to be ≤100μm.

[0033] S2. The raw material is sent into a high-temperature furnace and taken out after sintering at 1400°C for 2 hours; it is then put into a ball mill for ball milling to produce cement clinker, with a particle size of ≤75μm.

[0034] Calcined secondary aluminum ash and bauxite are weighed in a mass ratio of 70wt% of calcined secondary aluminum ash and 30wt% of bauxite, the weighed ingredients are put into a blender and mixed evenly to obtain a mixture, the mixture is put into a round pot granulator, the granulation time is 45 minutes, and an initial calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate is obtained, the initial calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate is sent into a high-temperature furnace, sintered at 1200°C for 1.5 hours, and then cured at 110°C for 24 hours to obtain a calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate.

[0035] The dry mix is ​​formulated according to the following mass percentages: bauxite aggregate (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%, particle size ≤10mm) 45wt%, bauxite fine powder 10wt% (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%, particle size ≤100μm); silica ash powder (particle size ≤75μm) 10wt%, calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement 15wt% (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥50%, particle size ≤75μm), calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate (particle size ≤10mm, Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%) 10wt%, water reducer sodium tripolyphosphate 5wt%, cross-linking agent citric acid 5wt%; liquid activator water is 20% of the weight of the dry mix.

[0036] The method for preparing refractory castables by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement comprises the following specific steps:

[0037] S1. Crushing the calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate to a particle size of ≤10mm to prevent large-area agglomeration and better combine the calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate with other materials;

[0038] S2. Weigh bauxite aggregate, bauxite fine powder, silica fume powder, calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement, and calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate according to mass percentage and place them in a mixer and mix them evenly;

[0039] S3, add the crosslinking agent and water reducing agent into the liquid activator, stir evenly, and let it stand for 20 minutes;

[0040] S4. Slowly pour the mixed liquid of cross-linking agent, water reducing agent and liquid activator into the mixer, stir and observe the flow state of the rubber material until the fluidity of the mortar reaches a pourable state. Turn off the mixer and take out the mortar to make the casting material.

[0041] The method of using the above-mentioned refractory castable is as follows:

[0042] Take the refractory castable and pour it at the use location. During the pouring process, use a stirring rod to act on the mold to expel bubbles in the castable. Use segmented pouring during the pouring process, and use tools to trim the surface of the castable to ensure the density of the castable and the flatness of the surface. After curing at room temperature in the mold for 24 hours, demould it. After demoulding, continue to cure at room temperature for 2 days, then increase the temperature to 110℃ at 2℃ / min and bake at this temperature for 24 hours to remove moisture from the refractory castable while preventing surface cracks.

[0043] The bulk density of the above refractory castable is 2.45 g / cm 3 , compressive strength 94.51MPa, flexural strength 12.87MPa.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] The preparation process of calcined secondary aluminum ash, calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement, and calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate is the same as that in Example 1.

[0046] The dry mix is ​​formulated according to the following mass percentages: 45wt% of pyrophosphate aggregate (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥40%, particle size ≤10mm), 10wt% of pyrophosphate fine powder (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥40%, particle size ≤100μm); 10wt% of silica ash powder (particle size ≤75μm), 15wt% of calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥50%, particle size ≤75μm), 10wt% of calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate (particle size ≤10mm, Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%), 5wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate as a water reducer, and 5wt% of citric acid as a cross-linking agent; the liquid activator water is 20% of the weight of the dry mix. The method for preparing refractory castables by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement has the same specific steps as Example 1.

[0047] The method of using the refractory castable is the same as in Example 1.

[0048] The bulk density of the above refractory castable is 2.26 g / cm3 , compressive strength 30.13MPa, flexural strength 4.96MPa.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] The preparation process of calcined secondary aluminum ash, calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement, and calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate is the same as that in Example 1.

[0051] The dry mix is ​​formulated according to the following mass percentages: bauxite aggregate (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%, particle size ≤10mm) 50wt%, bauxite fine powder (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%, particle size ≤100μm) 15wt%, silica ash powder (particle size ≤75μm) 5wt%, calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement 15wt% (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥50%, particle size ≤75μm), calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate (particle size ≤10mm, Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%) 13wt%, water reducer sodium hexametaphosphate 1wt%, cross-linking agent phenolic resin 1wt%; liquid activator borax accounts for 15% of the weight of the dry mix.

[0052] The method for preparing refractory castable by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement has the same specific steps as Example 1.

[0053] The method of using the refractory castable is the same as in Example 1.

[0054] The bulk density of the above refractory castable is 2.49 g / cm 3 , compressive strength is 95.36MPa and flexural strength is 13.21MPa.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] The preparation process of calcined secondary aluminum ash, calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement, and calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate is the same as that in Example 1.

[0057] The dry mix is ​​formulated according to the following mass percentages: 50wt% of mullite aggregate (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥40%, particle size ≤10mm), 10wt% of coke sapphire fine powder (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥40%, particle size ≤100μm), 5wt% of silica fume powder (particle size ≤75μm), 20wt% of calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥50%, particle size ≤75μm), 13wt% of calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate (particle size ≤10mm, Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%), 1wt% of water reducer melamine high-efficiency water reducer, and 1wt% of cross-linking agent trimethylolpropane triacrylate; the liquid activator potassium hydroxide accounts for 15% of the weight of the dry mix.

[0058] The method for preparing refractory castable by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement has the same specific steps as Example 1.

[0059] The method of using the refractory castable is the same as in Example 1.

[0060] The bulk density of the above refractory castable is 2.23 g / cm 3 , compressive strength 40.43MPa, flexural strength 8.72MPa.

[0061] Example 5

[0062] The ingredients for preparing refractory castables with calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement are the same as those in the above-mentioned Example 1, except that the mass fraction of calcined secondary aluminum ash in the calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement is 10%.

[0063] That is, the preparation process of calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement is:

[0064] S1. Weigh calcined secondary aluminum ash, limestone, and bauxite according to the mass ratio for mixing. The mass fraction of each component is as follows: calcined secondary aluminum ash 10wt%, limestone 37wt%, and bauxite 53wt%. The above raw materials are blended and put into a ball mill to be ball-milled into cement raw material. The particle size is required to be ≤100μm.

[0065] S2. The raw material is sent into a high-temperature furnace and taken out after sintering at 1400°C for 2 hours; it is then put into a ball mill for ball milling to produce cement clinker, with a particle size of ≤75μm.

[0066] The method for preparing refractory castable by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement has the following specific steps as in Example 1.

[0067] The method of using the refractory castable is the same as in Example 1.

[0068] The bulk density of the above refractory castable is 2.47 g / cm 3 , compressive strength 95.37MPa, flexural strength 13.36MPa.

[0069] Example 6

[0070] The ingredients for preparing refractory castables by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, except that the ingredients include 40wt% bauxite aggregate (particle size ≤ 10mm, Al2O3 mass fraction ≥ 60%), 15wt% bauxite fine powder, Al2O3 mass fraction ≥ 60% in the bauxite fine powder, and particle size ≤ 100μm;

[0071] The method for preparing refractory castable by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement has the following specific steps as in Example 1.

[0072] The method of using the refractory castable is the same as in Example 1.

[0073] The bulk density of the above refractory castable is 2.39 g / cm 3, compressive strength is 93.43MPa and flexural strength is 11.76MPa.

[0074] Example 7

[0075] The ingredients for preparing refractory castables by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement are the same as those in the above-mentioned Example 1, except that the ingredients contain 8wt% of calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate and 47wt% of bauxite aggregate.

[0076] The method for preparing refractory castable by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement has the following specific steps as in Example 1.

[0077] The method of using the refractory castable is the same as in Example 1.

[0078] The bulk density of the above refractory castable is 2.32 g / cm 3 , compressive strength 93.37MPa, flexural strength 12.93MPa.

[0079] Example 8

[0080] The preparation process of calcined secondary aluminum ash is as follows: the secondary aluminum ash is sent into a high-temperature calcining furnace and calcined at 800°C for 3 hours to obtain the calcined secondary aluminum ash.

[0081] The preparation process of calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement and calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate is the same as that in Example 1.

[0082] The ingredients for preparing refractory castables by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement are the same as those in Example 1 above.

[0083] The method for preparing refractory castable by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement has the following specific steps as in Example 1.

[0084] The method of using the refractory castable is the same as in Example 1.

[0085] The bulk density of the above refractory castable is 2.36 g / cm 3 , compressive strength 89.31MPa, flexural strength 10.28MPa.

[0086] Comparative Example 1

[0087] The process of preparing refractory castables by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement is the same as in Example 1, except that no calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate is added to the batching, and the bauxite aggregate (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥ 60%) is 55wt%.

[0088] The method for preparing refractory castable by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement comprises the following steps:

[0089] S1. Weigh bauxite aggregate, bauxite fine powder, silica fume powder, and calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement according to the weight fractions and place them in a mixer and mix them evenly;

[0090] S2. Add the crosslinking agent and water reducing agent to the liquid activator, stir evenly, and let stand for 20 minutes;

[0091] S3. Slowly pour the mixed liquid of the cross-linking agent, water reducing agent and liquid activator into the mixer, stir and observe the flow state of the rubber material until the fluidity of the mortar reaches a pourable state, turn off the mixer and take out the mortar to prepare the casting material.

[0092] The method of using the refractory castable is the same as in Example 1.

[0093] The bulk density of the above refractory castable is 2.31 g / cm 3 , compressive strength 90.35MPa, flexural strength 10.63MPa.

[0094] Comparative Example 2

[0095] The preparation process of calcined secondary aluminum ash and calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate is the same as that of Example 1. The calcined secondary aluminum ash is ball-milled and dried in a ball mill to obtain calcined secondary aluminum ash fine powder with a particle size of ≤100 μm;

[0096] The dry mix is ​​formulated according to the following mass percentages: bauxite aggregate (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%, particle size ≤10mm) 45wt%, bauxite fine powder (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%, particle size ≤100μm) 10wt%, silica ash powder (particle size ≤75μm) 10wt%, calcined secondary aluminum ash fine powder (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%) 7wt%, A700 cement (Al2O3 mass fraction ≥50%, particle size ≤75μmm) 8wt%; calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate (particle size ≤10mm, Al2O3 mass fraction ≥60%) 10wt%, water reducer sodium tripolyphosphate 5wt%, cross-linking agent citric acid 5wt%; liquid activator water is 20% of the weight of the dry mix.

[0097] The method for preparing refractory castable by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement comprises the following steps:

[0098] S1. Weigh bauxite aggregate, bauxite fine powder, silica fume powder, calcined secondary aluminum ash fine powder, A700 cement, and calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate according to the weight fractions and place them in a mixer and mix them evenly;

[0099] S2. Add the crosslinking agent and water reducing agent to the liquid activator, stir evenly, and let stand for 20 minutes;

[0100] S3. Slowly pour the mixed liquid of the cross-linking agent, water reducing agent and liquid activator into the mixer, stir and observe the flow state of the rubber material until the fluidity of the mortar reaches a pourable state, turn off the mixer and take out the mortar to prepare the casting material.

[0101] The method of using the refractory castable is the same as in Example 1.

[0102] The bulk density of the above refractory castable is 2.28 g / cm 3 , compressive strength 86.27MPa, flexural strength 8.64MPa.

Claims

1. A refractory castable prepared by calcining secondary aluminum ash-based cement, characterized in that: The composition of the refractory castable in terms of mass percentage is as follows: 20-80% high-aluminum aggregate; 5-30% high-aluminum fine powder; 1-15% silica fume powder; 5-20% calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement; 1-15% calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate; 0.01-10% water reducer; 0.01-10% cross-linking agent; 5-20% liquid activator; wherein the calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement is made by sintering after ball milling of calcined secondary aluminum ash, limestone and bauxite.

2. The refractory castable prepared by calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-aluminum aggregate and high-aluminum fine powder are one or a mixture of kaolin, bauxite, mullite, andalusite, and pyroxene in any proportion. The particle size of the high-aluminum aggregate is 1-10 mm; the particle size of the high-aluminum fine powder is 45-100 μm.

3. The refractory castable prepared by calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silica fume powder is ball-milled and sieved, and the sieve residue rate of the particle size of 75 μm is ≤5%.

4. The refractory castable prepared by calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sintering temperature for preparing the calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement is 800-1500°C, and the sintering time is 1-3h, wherein the content of calcined secondary aluminum ash in the calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement is 1-20%; the calcined secondary aluminum ash is secondary aluminum ash calcined at a high temperature of 800-1400°C.

5. The refractory castable prepared by calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentages of the main chemical components in the calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement are: Al2O3: 30-60wt%; CaO: 20-50%; Si2O3≤9wt%; Fe2O3≤3wt%; Na≤0.5wt%; K≤0.5wt%; S≤0.2wt%; Cl≤0.06wt%; Its particle size is ≤75μm.

6. The refractory castable prepared by calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate is prepared by calcining secondary aluminum ash at a high temperature of 800-1400°C for 1-3 hours, with a particle size of 1-10 mm and an Al2O3 mass fraction of ≥60wt%.

7. The refractory castable prepared by calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water reducer is selected from one or more of polyphosphate, metaphosphate or melamine water reducer, aliphatic high-efficiency water reducer, and aminosulfonic acid water reducer in any proportion; the crosslinking agent is one or more of phenolic resin, citric acid, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, and zinc nitrate in any proportion; the liquid activator is one or more of borax, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, epoxy resin, water, polyacrylamide, and triethanolamine in any proportion.

8. A method for preparing refractory castables by using calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method steps are as follows: S1. Crushing the calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate to a particle size of ≤10 mm; S2. Weigh high-aluminum aggregate, high-aluminum fine powder, silica fume powder, calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement, and calcined secondary aluminum ash aggregate according to weight percentage, place them in a mixer and mix them evenly; S3. Add the crosslinking agent and water reducing agent into the liquid activator, stir evenly, and let stand for 5 to 20 minutes; S4. Pour the mixed liquid of cross-linking agent, water reducing agent and liquid activator into the mixer, stir and observe the flow state of the rubber material until the fluidity of the mortar reaches a pourable state, turn off the mixer and take out the mortar to make the casting material.

9. The method for preparing refractory castables by using calcined secondary aluminum ash-based cement according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method for using the refractory castable is as follows: pouring or coating the refractory castable on a use location, using a stirring rod or a vibrator to act on a mold during the pouring process to expel bubbles in the castable, demolding the mold after curing at room temperature for 24 to 36 hours, continuing to cure at room temperature for 2 to 3 days after demolding, and then heating to 100 to 150° C. at a rate of 2° C. / min and baking at this temperature for 18 to 32 hours to remove moisture in the refractory castable while preventing surface cracks.