Detection method for water conservancy project

Abstract

The invention provides a water conservancy project detection method, and belongs to the technical field of water body sampling. The water conservancy project detection sampling method is used for carrying out sampling detection on a water conservancy project, and is realized through the water conservancy project detection sampling system. Through the arrangement of the inner rod and the outer pipe, the water body sampling mechanism is put into water, the handle is pressed to enable the sealing gasket to move downwards to open the first water inlet, then the handle is pressed to enable the inner rod to move downwards to enable the first water inlet to correspond to the second water inlet, and at the moment, upper-layer water, middle-layer water and lower-layer water flow into the corresponding water storage cavities respectively; the inner rod is pulled out, water samples of all layers can be collected through one-time operation, operation is easy and convenient, and water sampling convenience and efficiency are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water sampling, and in particular to a water conservancy project detection and sampling method. Background Art

[0002] It is very important to carry out water pollution detection in water conservancy projects. In order to ensure the quality of water resources, meet the safety of domestic water use, avoid people getting sick from drinking contaminated water, meet the specific requirements of industrial water quality, prevent harmful substances in water from interfering with production, ensure the quality of agricultural water use, and avoid soil salinization and other problems that affect the growth of crops, water sampling is required when conducting water pollution detection. When sampling, a water sampler is required to sample the water body. When sampling, it is often necessary to sample the upper water, middle water and bottom water of the river separately. By adjusting the distance between the float and the water sampler, the water sampler can sink to the corresponding water layer, so as to obtain water samples at different depths. After sampling, use a container to store the water sample, and then perform the test.

[0003] When sampling water in a river in a water conservancy project, after the water sampler is placed in the water, the water sampler will gradually sink under the action of gravity, and the float will be connected to the water sampler by a rope, and float on the water surface by its own buoyancy. When the water sampler sinks to a specific distance, the float will trigger a mechanism to open the water inlet of the sampler, and then start collecting water samples. However, in the process of multiple sampling of water layers at different depths in the river, it is necessary to change the distance between the float and the water sampler. Each time adjustment is made, it is necessary to first release the fixed state of the float on the rope, move it to a suitable position, and then re-fix it on the rope to achieve the sampling needs of different water layers. Such a repeated operation process makes it cumbersome to adjust the distance between the float and the water sampler, thereby reducing the convenience and efficiency of the sampling work. Therefore, the present application provides a water conservancy project detection and inspection method to meet the needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water conservancy project inspection and sampling method to solve the problem that when multiple samplings are performed on water layers of different depths, it is necessary to first release the fixation of the float, move it to a suitable position, and then re-fix the float each time to adjust the distance between the float and the sampler. This operation method greatly reduces the convenience and efficiency of the sampling work.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A water conservancy project detection sampling method is used to perform sampling detection on a water conservancy project. The water conservancy project detection sampling method is implemented by a water conservancy project detection sampling system. The water conservancy project detection sampling method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the sampling system at the location where testing is required; Step 2: Sampling the current flowing in the river; Step 3: Storing the sampled water; Step 4: Pull out the inner rod storing the water sample from the outer tube; The water conservancy project detection sampling system comprises a U-shaped floating plate, a water sampling mechanism is arranged in the U-shaped floating plate, the water sampling mechanism comprises an outer tube rotatably connected in the U-shaped floating plate, an inner rod is inserted in the outer tube, a water storage cavity and a vertical through groove are respectively provided in the inner rod, the number of water storage cavities is several, a water inlet one is provided at the top of the water storage cavity, a round rod is slidably connected in the vertical through groove, a disc and a sealing gasket are respectively fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the round rod corresponding to the water storage cavity, the sealing gasket is fixed on the top of the disc, the sealing gasket is used for blocking one water inlet, an annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the vertical through groove, a ring is slidably connected in the annular groove, the ring is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the round rod, a spring one is fixed at the bottom of the ring, the bottom of the spring one is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the annular groove, the round rod is located inside the spring one, a handle is rotatably connected to the top of the round rod, the handle is located above the inner rod, and a plurality of water inlet twos are provided on the outer wall of the outer tube.

[0006] Preferably, a counterweight cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the outer tube, a piston is slidably connected inside the counterweight cylinder, a pressure block is fixed to the top of the piston, the pressure block is fitted to the bottom of the inner rod, a spring three is fixed to the bottom of the piston, the bottom of the spring three is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the counterweight cylinder, a water outlet is provided on the outer wall of the counterweight cylinder, the water outlet and the second water inlet are staggered and located below the second water inlet, the water outlet and the second water inlet are opposite to each other, a sealing piece is provided on the top of the counterweight cylinder, the sealing piece is slidably connected to the outer wall of the outer tube, and the sealing piece is used for sealing the second water inlet.

[0007] Preferably, the sealing member includes a spring 2 fixed on the top of the counterweight cylinder, a plurality of sealing rings are slidably connected to the outer wall of the outer tube, a water inlet 3 is provided on the side of the sealing ring, a connecting column is fixed between two adjacent sealing rings, the bottom of the sealing ring located below is fixedly connected to the top of the spring 2, a connecting plate is fixed to the top of the sealing ring located above, and a notch is provided on the top of the inner rod.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting plate is arc-shaped, and the center of the connecting plate is located on the central axis of the outer tube.

[0009] Preferably, a latch is fixed on the side of the connecting plate, and a latch groove is provided on the top of the U-shaped floating plate.

[0010] Preferably, an inclined guiding surface is provided on the inner wall side of the slot near the top.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the inner wall of the water storage chamber is an upward curved surface, and the shape of the sealing gasket is matched with the shape of the top curved surface of the inner wall of the water storage chamber.

[0012] Preferably, ventilation grooves are provided on the side surface of the inner rod and the inner wall of the outer tube.

[0013] Preferably, a slope is provided on the top of the U-shaped floating plate.

[0014] Preferably, the surface of the handle is provided with anti-slip patterns.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: In the above scheme, the water sampling mechanism is placed in water through the arrangement of the inner rod and the outer tube, the handle is pressed to move the sealing gasket downward to open the water inlet one, and then the handle is pressed again to move the inner rod downward to correspond to the water inlet one and the water inlet two. At this time, the upper, middle and lower layers of water flow into the corresponding water storage chambers respectively, the handle is loosened to move the sealing gasket upward to seal the water inlet one, and the inner rod is pulled out. The collection of water samples in each layer can be completed in a single operation. The operation is simple, which greatly improves the convenience and efficiency of water sampling.

[0016] By setting up a counterweight cylinder, water is stored in the counterweight cylinder, and the weight of the counterweight cylinder is increased by the water. The counterweight cylinder is installed at the bottom of the outer tube to lower the center of gravity of the water sampling mechanism and keep the entire water sampling mechanism in a vertical state in the river water body, thereby ensuring the sampling accuracy of the water sampling mechanism.

[0017] Through the setting of the bayonet and the slot, when the handle is pressed, the handle drives the connecting plate of the sealing piece to move downward. The downward movement of the connecting plate prompts the bayonet to insert into the slot, thereby firmly locking the water sampling mechanism, further stabilizing its vertical state, effectively reducing the interference of water flow on the water sampling mechanism, and further enhancing the stability of the sampling accuracy.

[0018] Through the setting of the piston, when the inner rod is pressed, the downward movement of the inner rod will produce an extrusion effect on the piston, forcing the piston to squeeze the water in the counterweight cylinder and discharge it from the water outlet. This process not only reduces the weight of the counterweight cylinder, but also increases its buoyancy. As water continues to enter the water storage chamber, the overall weight of the inner rod gradually increases. At this time, under the combined action of the weight of the inner rod itself and the weight of the water in the water storage chamber, the inner rod will slowly slide downward along the inner wall of the outer tube and continue to squeeze the piston, so that the water in the counterweight cylinder is continuously discharged, and the buoyancy is further increased. During the downward movement of the piston, the buoyancy of the counterweight cylinder and the thrust of the water flow discharged from the water outlet work together to cause the inner rod and the outer tube to rotate, and finally make the outer tube fit on the inclined surface of the U-shaped floating plate, so that the inner rod and the outer tube are in an inclined state. This inclined state greatly facilitates the operation of pulling the inner rod out of the outer tube, and when replacing the inner rod, it also provides convenience for the insertion of the new inner rod, making the entire operation process more convenient and simple, and significantly improving the practicality and ease of use of the water sampling mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure and enable those skilled in the relevant art to make and use the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blocking ring of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the inclined surface of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a front cross-sectional view of the inner rod of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at center; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at B in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blocking member of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the outer tube of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the inner rod of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the water storage cavity of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sealing gasket of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ventilation groove of the present invention. Attached photos

[0021] 1. U-shaped floating plate; 2. water sampling mechanism; 3. outer tube; 4. inner rod; 5. water storage chamber; 6. vertical through groove; 7. water inlet one; 8. disc; 9. sealing gasket; 10. notch; 11. round rod; 12. handle; 13. annular groove; 14. ring; 15. spring one; 16. water inlet two; 17. sealing ring; 18. water inlet three; 19. connecting plate; 20. bayonet pin; 21. slot; 22. connecting column; 23. spring two; 24. counterweight cylinder; 25. piston; 26. pressure block; 27. spring three; 28. water outlet; 29. ​​sealing piece; 30. ventilation groove; 31. inclined plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is a detailed description of the water conservancy project detection and sampling method provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for a more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water conservancy project detection sampling method, including a method for sampling and detecting a water conservancy project. The water conservancy project detection sampling method is implemented by a water conservancy project detection sampling system. The water conservancy project detection sampling method includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the sampling system at the location where testing is required; Step 2: Sampling the current flowing in the river; Step 3: Storing the sampled water; Step 4: Pull out the inner rod 4 storing the water sample from the outer tube 3; The water conservancy project detection sampling system includes a U-shaped floating plate 1, a water sampling mechanism 2 is arranged in the U-shaped floating plate 1, the water sampling mechanism 2 includes an outer tube 3 rotatably connected to the U-shaped floating plate 1, the outer tube 3 can be rotatably connected to the U-shaped floating plate 1 through a rotating shaft, an inner rod 4 is inserted into the outer tube 3, a sealing ring is installed on the inner wall of the outer tube 3, the sealing ring is used for sealing between the outer tube 3 and the inner rod 4, a water storage cavity 5 and a vertical through groove 6 are respectively provided in the inner rod 4, the number of the water storage cavity 5 is several, a water inlet 7 is provided on the top of the water storage cavity 5, a round rod 11 is slidably connected in the vertical through groove 6, a sealing ring is installed in the vertical through groove 6, the sealing ring is used for sealing between the round rod 11 and the vertical through groove 6, and the circumferential surface of the round rod 11 corresponds to the water storage cavity 5. A disc 8 and a sealing gasket 9 are fixedly sleeved separately, and the sealing gasket 9 is fixed on the top of the disc 8. The sealing gasket 9 is used for blocking the water inlet 7. An annular groove 13 is provided on the inner wall of the vertical through groove 6. A ring 14 is slidably connected in the annular groove 13. The ring 14 is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the round rod 11. A spring 15 is fixed on the bottom of the ring 14. The bottom of the spring 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the annular groove 13. The round rod 11 is located inside the spring 15. A handle 12 is rotatably connected to the top of the round rod 11. A round shaft can be installed on the top of the round rod 11. The handle 12 is sleeved on the round shaft to realize the rotation connection of the round rod 11. The handle 12 is located above the inner rod 4. The outer wall of the outer tube 3 is provided with a plurality of water inlets 2 16;The design of the U-shaped floating plate 1 provides a stable floating platform for the entire water sampling mechanism 2, so that it can maintain a relatively fixed position on the water surface, which is convenient for sampling water bodies at different depths, and the U-shaped floating plate 1 can be installed on the hull, and the entire water sampling mechanism 2 can be dragged and moved by the hull, so as to facilitate the transfer from one detection location to another detection location, and the rotating connected outer tube 3 and the inserted inner rod 4 structure realize accurate sampling of different water layers, and the multiple settings of the water storage chamber 5 can respectively store water samples of different water layers, avoiding the mixing of water samples and ensuring the accuracy and pertinence of the detection data. When in use, the water sampling mechanism 2 is placed in the water, and the handle 12 is pressed to allow the sealing gasket 9 to move downward to open the water inlet 7, and then the handle 12 is pressed again to move the inner rod 4 downward to the water inlet 7 and the water inlet The handle 12 corresponds to the water inlet 16. At this time, the upper, middle and lower layers of water flow into the corresponding water storage chamber 5 respectively, and then the handle 12 is loosened to move the sealing gasket 9 upward to block the water inlet 17, and then the inner rod 4 is pulled out. The water sample collection of each layer is completed in a single operation. The operation is simple and convenient, which greatly improves the convenience and efficiency of water sampling. After the sampling is completed, the inner rod 4 is pulled out from the outer tube 3, and then the inner rod 4 is in a horizontal state, and the container is placed under the water inlet 17. The handle 12 is pressed to separate the sealing gasket 9 from the inner wall of the water storage chamber 5. At this time, the water sample can flow out from the water inlet 17 and can be collected using a container. At the same time, in order to completely discharge the water in the water storage chamber 5, during the process of the water sample flowing out from the water inlet 17, one end of the inner rod 4 is lifted to make the water storage chamber 5 in an inclined state, and then the water in the water storage chamber 5 can be completely discharged from the water inlet 17. ;

[0024] like Figure 2-Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, a counterweight cylinder 24 is fixed to the bottom of the outer tube 3, a piston 25 is slidably connected in the counterweight cylinder 24, a pressure block 26 is fixed to the top of the piston 25, the pressure block 26 is fitted to the bottom of the inner rod 4, a spring three 27 is fixed to the bottom of the piston 25, the bottom of the spring three 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the counterweight cylinder 24, a water outlet 28 is provided on the outer wall of the counterweight cylinder 24, the water outlet 28 is staggered with the water inlet 16 and is located below the water inlet 16, the water outlet 28 is opposite to the water inlet 16, and a plugging member 29 is provided on the top of the counterweight cylinder 24 to plug the water. Part 29 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the outer tube 3, and the blocking part 29 is used for blocking the water inlet 2 16; a recessed portion is provided at the bottom of the counterweight cylinder 24, and the bottom of the spring three 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the recessed portion. During the downward movement of the piston 25, the spring three 27 can be compressed in the recessed portion. At the same time, the diameter of the recessed portion is smaller than the diameter of the corresponding piston 25 on the counterweight cylinder 24. After the piston 25 compresses the spring three 27 in the recessed portion, only a small amount of water can be stored in the recessed portion, thereby greatly reducing the weight of the water in the counterweight cylinder 24, and the buoyancy of the water in the counterweight cylinder 24 on itself can be greatly reduced. The influence of the weight cylinder 24 is ensured that when the piston 25 compresses the spring three 27 in the recessed part, the counterweight cylinder 24 can stably drive the inner rod 4 and the outer tube 3 to rotate. The counterweight cylinder 24 increases the weight of the counterweight cylinder 24 by storing a certain amount of water inside the counterweight cylinder 24, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the water sampling mechanism 2, so that it can maintain a stable vertical state in the river water. This design effectively reduces the interference of external factors such as water flow impact, wind and waves on the water sampling mechanism 2, ensures the accurate position and direction of the water inlet during the sampling process, and improves the precision and accuracy of sampling. At the same time, the counterweight cylinder 24 inside The combined structure of the piston 25, the pressure block 26 and the spring 3 27 can not only adjust the weight and buoyancy of the counterweight cylinder 24 by squeezing water out or sucking it out from the water outlet 28, but also cooperate with the movement of the inner rod 4 during the sampling process. When the inner rod 4 is pressed, the bottom of the inner rod 4 squeezes the pressure block 26, causing the piston 25 to slide downward to squeeze the water out, thereby reducing the weight of the counterweight cylinder 24 and increasing the buoyancy, causing the inner rod 4 and the outer tube 3 to rotate around the rotating shaft at the U-shaped floating plate 1, facilitating the extraction and insertion operations of the inner rod 4, and improving the practicality and ease of use of the entire sampling system. In addition, Figure 4 As shown, the water outlet 28 is located at the lower right side of the second water inlet 16, and the water flow discharged from the water outlet 28 helps to drive the water sampling mechanism 2 to rotate.

[0025] like Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, the blocking member 29 includes a spring 23 fixed on the top of the counterweight cylinder 24, a plurality of blocking rings 17 are slidably connected to the outer wall of the outer tube 3, a sealing ring is installed on the inner wall of the blocking ring 17, and the sealing ring is used for sealing between the outer tube 3 and the blocking ring 17, a water inlet 3 18 is provided on the side of the blocking ring 17, a connecting column 22 is fixed between two adjacent blocking rings 17, the bottom of the blocking ring 17 located at the bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the spring 23, the top of the blocking ring 17 located at the top is fixed with a connecting plate 19, and a notch 10 is provided on the top of the inner rod 4; Spring 23 provides elastic support for the sealing ring 17, so that it can maintain the sealing of water inlet 2 16 in a natural state, preventing water from entering between the outer tube 3 and the inner rod 4 when sampling is not needed, thereby ensuring the sealing and stability of the sampling system. When the handle 12 is pressed, the sealing ring 17 will move downward synchronously through the transmission of the connecting plate 19, so that the water inlet 3 18 corresponds to the water inlet 2 16, thereby achieving smooth entry of water samples. The setting of the connecting column 22 ensures the coordinated movement between the sealing rings 17, ensuring the consistency and stability of the movement of the entire sealing member 29.

[0026] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, in the present embodiment, the connecting plate 19 is arc-shaped, and the center of the connecting plate 19 is located on the central axis of the outer tube 3; the center of the connecting plate 19 is located on the central axis of the outer tube 3, so that when the handle 12 is pressed, the connecting plate 19 can move downward along the outer wall of the outer tube 3, thereby improving the guiding ability of the sealing ring 17 and ensuring the synchronous and smooth movement of the sealing ring 17, so that the water inlet three 18 and the water inlet two 16 can correspond and open accurately and quickly, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of water sample collection.

[0027] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in the present embodiment, a latch pin 20 is fixed to the side of the connecting plate 19, and a latch slot 21 is provided on the top of the U-shaped floating plate 1; in the process of pressing the handle 12, the connecting plate 19 drives the latch pin 20 to move downward, so that it is inserted into the latch slot 21 on the top of the U-shaped floating plate 1, thereby firmly fixing the water sampling mechanism 2 in a vertical state, effectively resisting the impact force of the water flow, reducing the shaking and tilting of the water sampling mechanism 2, ensuring that the water inlet always maintains the correct position and direction during the sampling process, improving the accuracy and reliability of water sample collection, providing important guarantees for accurately evaluating the water quality conditions in water conservancy projects, and helping to timely discover and solve potential water pollution problems, and maintaining the ecological environmental safety and sustainable development of water conservancy projects.

[0028] like Figure 3As shown, in the present embodiment, an inclined guiding surface is provided at the inner wall side surface of the slot 21 near the top position; when the handle 12 is pressed to make the connecting plate 19 drive the bayonet 20 to move downward, the inclined guiding surface can guide the bayonet 20 to be smoothly inserted into the slot 21, thereby reducing the friction and jamming between the bayonet 20 and the slot 21, so that the water sampling mechanism 2 can be fixed in a vertical state more quickly and accurately in the water flow environment, thereby reducing the sampling error and time waste caused by the unsmooth fixing process, providing more stable and accurate sampling conditions for water quality detection of water conservancy projects, facilitating timely and accurate acquisition of water quality samples, comprehensively evaluating the water quality conditions in water conservancy projects, and ensuring the normal operation of water conservancy projects and the health and stability of the ecological environment.

[0029] like Figure 6 As shown, in the present embodiment, the top of the inner wall of the water storage chamber 5 is an upward curved surface, and the shape of the sealing gasket 9 is adapted to the shape of the top curved surface of the inner wall of the water storage chamber 5; this curved surface design can better fit the sealing gasket 9 to form a tight sealing structure, effectively preventing the water sample from leaking from the water inlet 7 during storage, thereby ensuring the integrity and purity of the water sample, improving the sealing and reliability of the water conservancy project detection sampling system, ensuring that the collected water samples can accurately reflect the water body conditions at the time of sampling, providing reliable samples for subsequent water quality testing, and helping to accurately evaluate water quality changes in water conservancy projects, timely discover potential water pollution problems, and ensure the ecological environmental safety and sustainable development of water conservancy projects.

[0030] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Fig.12 As shown, in this embodiment, ventilation grooves 30 are provided on the side surfaces of the inner rod 4 and the inner wall of the outer tube 3; when the inner rod 4 is pulled out and inserted, the air outside the outer tube 3 can flow through the ventilation grooves 30 to balance the air pressure and facilitate the plugging and unplugging operation of the inner rod 4.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in the present embodiment, a slope 31 is provided on the top of the U-shaped float 1; when the outer tube 3 is rotated after sampling is completed due to the action of the piston 25 and the counterweight cylinder 24, so that it fits on the slope 31 and is in a tilted state. On the one hand, this tilted state facilitates the movement of the U-shaped float 1 on the water surface by the hull, reduces resistance, facilitates the transfer from the detection location to the next detection location, and improves transportation efficiency; on the other hand, when the outer tube 3 is in a tilted state, its sinking depth in the water body is reduced, thereby effectively preventing it from being damaged by debris in the water body, extending the service life of the outer tube 3, and ensuring the integrity and reliability of the water conservancy project detection sampling system.

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, in the present embodiment, the surface of the handle 12 is provided with anti-slip grooves; in actual operation, especially in a humid environment on the water surface, the anti-slip grooves can increase the friction between the operator's hand and the handle 12, making it easier to hold the handle 12 and apply force, and helping the operator to accurately and stably press the handle 12 to control the movement of various components of the water sampling mechanism 2.

[0033] Working principle: After the water sampling mechanism 2 is placed in water, the handle 12 is first pressed, and the handle 12 drives the sealing gasket 9 on the disc 8 to move downward through the round rod 11, thereby opening the water inlet 1 7 on the inner rod 4. At the same time, the round rod 11 drives the ring 14 to move downward along the inner wall of the annular groove 13 to squeeze the spring 15, and then the handle 12 is continued to be pressed, and the bottom of the handle 12 contacts the top of the inner rod 4. At this time, the handle 12 drives the inner rod 4 to gradually move downward along the inner wall of the outer tube 3 until the water inlet 1 7 corresponds to the water inlet 2 16 on the outer tube 3, and when the handle 12 fits with the top of the inner rod 4, the handle 12 At the same time, it fits with the top of the connecting plate 19. When the handle 12 is pressed, the connecting rod drives the blocking ring 17 to move downward synchronously. When the blocking ring 17 moves downward, the blocking ring 17 at the bottom squeezes the spring 23, so that the water inlet 3 18 on the blocking ring 17 corresponds to the water inlet 2 16 on the outer tube 3. At this time, the upper layer water, middle layer water and lower layer water in the river will flow into the corresponding water storage chamber 5 respectively to complete the collection of water samples in each layer. When the sampling is completed, the handle 12 is released, and the elastic force of the spring 15 will make the round rod 11 move upward, so that the sealing gasket 9 moves upward to block the water inlet 1 7 to prevent water sample leakage; At the same time, in the process of pressing the handle 12, the handle 12 will drive the connecting plate 19 of the blocking member 29 to move downward. Since a bayonet 20 is fixed on the side of the connecting plate 19, when the connecting plate 19 moves downward, the bayonet 20 will be inserted into the slot 21 at the top of the U-shaped floating plate 1, thereby firmly clamping the water sampling mechanism 2, so that its vertical state is further stabilized, and when the bayonet 20 fits with the bottom of the inner wall of the slot 21, the water inlet three 18 on the blocking ring 17 corresponds to the water inlet two 16 and the water inlet one 7, ensuring that water flows smoothly into the water storage chamber 5. After the handle 12 is released, the sealing ring 17 moves upward under the elastic force of the second spring 23, so that the connecting plate 19 moves upward. During the upward movement of the connecting plate 19, the latch 20 is separated from the latch groove 21 and the handle 12 is squeezed, so that the handle 12 rotates on the top of the round rod 11. The notch 10 provides space for the rotation of the handle 12, and the handle 12 can rotate on the top of the round rod 11, so as not to affect the rebound of the sealing ring 17. After the sealing ring 17 rebounds, the water inlet 16 on the outer tube 3 is blocked to prevent water from entering between the outer tube 3 and the inner rod 4. When the inner rod 4 is pressed, the bottom of the inner rod 4 will squeeze the pressure block 26, so that the pressure block 26 drives the piston 25 to slide downward along the inner wall of the counterweight cylinder 24 and squeeze the spring three 27, squeezing the water in the counterweight cylinder 24 to discharge it from the water outlet 28. This process reduces the weight of the counterweight cylinder 24 on the one hand, and increases its buoyancy on the other hand. As water continues to enter the water storage chamber 5, the weight of the inner rod 4 gradually increases. Under the combined effect of the weight of the inner rod 4 itself and the weight of the water in the water storage chamber 5, the inner rod 4 will slowly slide downward along the inner wall of the outer tube 3 and continue to slide downward. The piston 25 is squeezed to continuously discharge the water in the counterweight cylinder 24, and the buoyancy is further increased. During the downward movement of the piston 25, the buoyancy of the counterweight cylinder 24 and the thrust of the water discharged from the water outlet 28 act together to cause the inner rod 4 and the outer tube 3 to rotate, and finally the outer tube 3 is attached to the inclined surface 31 of the U-shaped floating board 1, so that the inner rod 4 and the outer tube 3 are in an inclined state, which is convenient for the hull to tow the U-shaped floating board 1 to move on the water surface. When the outer tube 3 is in an inclined state, the depth of the outer tube 3 sinking in the water body is reduced, thereby preventing the outer tube 3 from being damaged by debris in the water body; When the new inner rod 4 is inserted into the outer tube 3, the piston 25 gradually moves upward under the elastic force of the spring three 27, and the water in the river channel is sucked by the water outlet 28. As the water in the counterweight cylinder 24 gradually increases, the weight of the counterweight cylinder 24 gradually increases, causing the outer tube 3 and the new inner rod 4 to rotate downward and gradually return to a vertical state.

[0034] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for sampling and testing a water conservancy project, which is used for sampling and testing a water conservancy project, and is characterized by: The water conservancy project detection sampling method is implemented by a water conservancy project detection sampling system, and the water conservancy project detection sampling method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the sampling system at the location where testing is required; Step 2: Sampling the current flow in the river; Step 3: Storing the sampled water; Step 4: Pull out the inner rod (4) storing the water sample from the outer tube (3); The water conservancy project detection sampling system comprises a U-shaped floating plate (1), wherein a water sampling mechanism (2) is arranged in the U-shaped floating plate (1), wherein the water sampling mechanism (2) comprises an outer tube (3) rotatably connected in the U-shaped floating plate (1), wherein an inner rod (4) is inserted in the outer tube (3), wherein a water storage cavity (5) and a vertical through groove (6) are respectively provided in the inner rod (4), wherein the number of the water storage cavities (5) is several, wherein a water inlet (7) is provided at the top of the water storage cavity (5), wherein a round rod (11) is slidably connected in the vertical through groove (6), wherein a disc (8) and a sealing gasket (9) are respectively fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the round rod (11) corresponding to the water storage cavity (5), wherein the sealing gasket (9) is fixed in the inner rod (4). The top of the disc (8) is provided with a sealing gasket (9) for sealing the water inlet 1 (7). The inner wall of the vertical through groove (6) is provided with an annular groove (13). A ring (14) is slidably connected in the annular groove (13). The ring (14) is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the round rod (11). A spring 1 (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring 1 (15). The bottom of the spring 1 (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the annular groove (13). The round rod (11) is located inside the spring 1 (15). A handle (12) is rotatably connected to the top of the round rod (11). The handle (12) is located above the inner rod (4). The outer wall of the outer tube (3) is provided with a plurality of water inlet 2 (16).

2. The water conservancy project detection and sampling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A counterweight cylinder (24) is fixed at the bottom of the outer tube (3), a piston (25) is slidably connected inside the counterweight cylinder (24), a pressure block (26) is fixed at the top of the piston (25), the pressure block (26) is fitted to the bottom of the inner rod (4), a spring three (27) is fixed at the bottom of the piston (25), the bottom of the spring three (27) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the counterweight cylinder (24), a water outlet (28) is provided on the outer wall of the counterweight cylinder (24), the water outlet (28) is staggered with the second water inlet (16) and is located below the second water inlet (16), the water outlet (28) and the second water inlet (16) are opposite in position, a plugging member (29) is provided at the top of the counterweight cylinder (24), the plugging member (29) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the outer tube (3), and the plugging member (29) is used to plug the second water inlet (16).

3. The water conservancy project detection and sampling method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The sealing member (29) comprises a second spring (23) fixed to the top of the counterweight cylinder (24); a plurality of sealing rings (17) are slidably connected to the outer wall of the outer tube (3); a third water inlet (18) is provided on the side of the sealing ring (17); a connecting column (22) is fixed between two adjacent sealing rings (17); the bottom of the sealing ring (17) located at the bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the second spring (23); the top of the sealing ring (17) located at the top is fixedly provided with a connecting plate (19); and a notch (10) is provided on the top of the inner rod (4).

4. The water conservancy project detection and sampling method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The connecting plate (19) is arc-shaped, and the center of the connecting plate (19) is located on the central axis of the outer tube (3).

5. The water conservancy project detection and sampling method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A latch pin (20) is fixed to the side of the connecting plate (19), and a latch groove (21) is provided on the top of the U-shaped floating plate (1).

6. The water conservancy project detection and sampling method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: An inclined guide surface is provided on the inner wall side of the slot (21) near the top.

7. The water conservancy project detection and sampling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top of the inner wall of the water storage chamber (5) is an upwardly curved surface, and the shape of the sealing gasket (9) matches the shape of the top curved surface of the inner wall of the water storage chamber (5).

8. The water conservancy project detection and sampling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The side surface of the inner rod (4) and the inner wall of the outer tube (3) are both provided with ventilation grooves (30).

9. The water conservancy project detection and sampling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top of the U-shaped floating plate (1) is provided with an inclined surface (31).

10. The water conservancy project detection and inspection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface of the handle (12) is provided with anti-slip patterns.

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