A Dynamic Optimization Method for Power Adapter Parameters for Device Life Extension

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for dynamically optimizing the parameters of a power adapter for extending the device life, which relates to the technical field of adapter performance optimization and includes: using a test instrument to monitor and record in real time the changes in the output voltage, current, and power factor parameters of the power adapter under static and dynamic load conditions; identifying the trends and causes of abnormal parameter changes; performing thermal design optimization and temperature management on the power adapter; limiting the over-power and over-current for each pulse; introducing a power factor correction circuit; optimizing the switching frequency and output filter design; introducing a load line adjustment circuit to leave space for dynamic ripple when the output current jumps; evaluating whether the optimization effect reaches the expected goal. By introducing a power factor correction circuit and a load line adjustment circuit, the power factor of the power adapter is improved, harmonic pollution is reduced, the output voltage stability of the power adapter is improved, and its performance under dynamic load conditions is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of adapter performance optimization, and specifically relates to a method for dynamically optimizing the parameters of a power adapter for extending the lifespan of a device. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of electronic devices and the diversification of functions, as an important component of electronic devices, the stability and reliability of the performance of power adapters have become particularly important. During the design, production, and use of power adapters, it is necessary to monitor and record key parameters such as output voltage, current, and power factor under various load conditions in real time to ensure that they meet the technical specification requirements and to promptly discover and solve potential performance problems. In addition, with the improvement of energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection awareness, the requirements for aspects such as energy efficiency and harmonic pollution of power adapters are also getting higher and higher.

[0003] In traditional power adapter testing, the monitoring and recording of parameters often rely on manual operation, which has problems of large errors and low efficiency. At the same time, for parameter changes under dynamic load conditions, traditional methods often have difficulty accurately capturing and recording. During the use of power adapters, due to environmental factors, load changes, or component aging, etc., parameter abnormalities may occur. Traditional methods often have difficulty promptly discovering and identifying these abnormal changes, thus affecting the stability and reliability of power adapters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, a method for dynamically optimizing the parameters of a power adapter for extending the lifespan of a device is provided, and this technical solution solves the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for dynamically optimizing the parameters of a power adapter for extending the lifespan of a device, including:

[0007] Using a test instrument to monitor and record in real time the changes in the output voltage, current, and power factor parameters of the power adapter under static and dynamic load conditions;

[0008] Comparing the monitored data with the technical specifications of the power adapter, analyzing whether the parameter changes are within the preset range, and identifying the trends and causes of abnormal parameter changes;

[0009] Optimizing the thermal design of the power adapter and managing the temperature by improving the heat dissipation design and introducing a temperature protection mechanism;

[0010] Adopting a per-pulse over-power and over-current limiting technology to limit the over-power and over-current for each pulse and protecting the output of the power adapter against overload;

[0011] Introduce a power factor correction circuit to improve the power factor of the power adapter and reduce the harmonic pollution of the power adapter;

[0012] Optimize the switching frequency and output filter design to balance the switching loss and the size of the output filter;

[0013] Introduce a load line adjustment circuit to leave space for dynamic ripple when the output current jumps and reduce the peak value of the dynamic ripple;

[0014] Use test instruments to re-monitor the parameter changes of the power adapter, compare the data before and after optimization, and evaluate whether the optimization effect reaches the expected goal.

[0015] Preferably, the use of test instruments to monitor and record in real time the changes in the output voltage, current, and power factor parameters of the power adapter under static and dynamic load conditions specifically includes:

[0016] Connect the positive and negative poles of the test instrument to the positive and negative output terminals of the power adapter respectively;

[0017] The static load condition is a constant resistive load, and the dynamic load condition is a load change that simulates real operating conditions;

[0018] Connect the preset static load to the power adapter;

[0019] Turn on the power adapter, use the test instrument to monitor and record in real time the output voltage, current, and power factor parameters. After the readings are stable, record the stable values of each parameter;

[0020] Based on the preset dynamic load conditions, use a load test device to simulate the load change process under real operating conditions;

[0021] During the load change process, use the test instrument to monitor and record in real time the changes in the output voltage, current, and power factor parameters, and record the time points, change ranges, and change trend information of the parameter changes;

[0022] Analyze the transient response characteristics of the power adapter under dynamic load conditions. The transient response characteristics include the recovery time of the output voltage, the fluctuation of the current, and the change range of the power factor.

[0023] Preferably, the thermal design optimization and temperature management of the power adapter by improving the thermal design and introducing a temperature protection mechanism specifically include:

[0024] Inside the power adapter, add heat sinks and thermal conductive adhesive materials to strengthen the heat conduction between the components and the radiator;

[0025] Select aluminum as the high - thermal - conductivity material for the radiator and heat sink, and add a thermal conductive adhesive material between the contact surfaces to enhance the heat conduction between the components and the radiator;

[0026] Conduct thermal simulation tests to verify the effectiveness and reliability of the heat dissipation design. By simulating the actual working environment of the power adapter, test the temperature change under at least one working environment;

[0027] Optimize and adjust the heat dissipation design based on the results of the thermal simulation tests;

[0028] Use temperature sensor elements to set temperature monitoring points inside the power adapter to monitor its working temperature in real - time;

[0029] Set a temperature threshold based on the rated working temperature and heat dissipation capacity of the power adapter;

[0030] Judge whether the real - time working temperature of the temperature monitoring point exceeds the temperature threshold. If so, trigger the temperature protection mechanism, cut off the AC input line of the power adapter, reduce the output power and force - close the modulation pulse output. If not, do not make an output.

[0031] Preferably, the use of the per - pulse over - power and over - current limiting technology to limit the over - power and over - current for each pulse and provide overload protection for the output of the power adapter specifically includes:

[0032] Connect a sampling resistor with a known resistance value in series in the primary winding, and obtain the current and voltage values of each pulse by detecting the voltage drop across the resistor;

[0033] Output the product of the monitored current and voltage values as the power value of each pulse;

[0034] Set a power safety threshold and a current safety threshold based on the rated power and current limit of the power adapter;

[0035] Judge whether the power value of each monitored pulse exceeds the set power safety threshold. If so, output it as an over - power situation, terminate the current pulse, use pulse - width modulation technology to control the conduction time of the power switch device by reducing the duty cycle of the pulse, and reduce the switching frequency to adjust the output power. If not, do not make an output;

[0036] Judge whether the current value of each monitored pulse exceeds the set current safety threshold. If so, output it as an over - current situation, and make the conduction pulse of the power switch device terminate in advance through the control circuit to limit the current peak value within the pulse period. If not, do not make an output;

[0037] After confirming and resolving the overload cause, manually restart the power adapter to resume the output.

[0038] Preferably, the introduced power factor correction circuit improves the power factor of the power adapter and reduces the harmonic pollution of the power adapter, specifically including:

[0039] Introduce a boost-type power factor correction circuit;

[0040] Adopt a full-wave rectifier bridge composed of four diodes to convert the sinusoidal AC voltage into a unipolar pulsating DC voltage;

[0041] The boost inductor stores energy when the switching transistor is on and releases energy when it is off;

[0042] Calculate the inductance value of the boost inductor based on the input voltage range, output power, and switching frequency parameters;

[0043] The switching transistor uses a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, which is driven by a control signal and periodically conducts and turns off based on a preset period to control the charging and discharging process of the inductor;

[0044] The freewheeling diode provides a path for the inductor current when the switching transistor is off, and the energy in the inductor is transferred to the output end;

[0045] The output capacitor smoothes the output voltage, reduces the output voltage ripple, and determines the capacitance value of the output capacitor based on the output voltage ripple requirement and output power;

[0046] The control circuit detects the input voltage, input current, and output voltage signals, and generates a drive signal based on the hysteresis current control strategy to control the conduction and turn-off of the switching transistor to achieve power factor correction;

[0047] Compare the inductor current with a preset reference current. When the inductor current exceeds the upper limit of the preset reference current, the switching transistor turns off. When the inductor current is lower than the lower limit of the preset reference current, the switching transistor turns on;

[0048] The inductance value of the boost inductor is: ,

[0049] In the formula, is the inductance value of the boost inductor, is the minimum value of the input voltage, is the output power, is the switching frequency, is the output voltage;

[0050] The capacitance value of the output capacitor is: ,

[0051] In the formula, is the capacitance value of the output capacitor, is the output voltage ripple, is the frequency of the input AC power supply.

[0052] Preferably, the optimization of the switching frequency and output filter design to balance the switching losses and the size of the output filter specifically includes:

[0053] According to the topology of the switching power supply, analyze the influence of the switching frequency on the switching losses;

[0054] Energy losses occur during the turn-on and turn-off processes of the switching device, and the losses are proportional to the switching frequency;

[0055] An electronic filter composed of an inductor and a capacitor filters the set frequency signal by utilizing the characteristics of the inductor and capacitor presenting different impedances to signals of different frequencies;

[0056] Based on the selected switching frequency and the requirements of the output voltage ripple, obtain the parameter values of the inductor and capacitor in the electronic filter;

[0057] Obtain the conduction loss of the switching device by calculating the product of the square of the root mean square current of the switching device and the on-resistance of the switching device;

[0058] Obtain the switching loss of the switching device by calculating the product of the switching frequency and the sum of the turn-on and turn-off energies of the switching device.

[0059] Preferably, the introduction of the load line adjustment circuit to leave space for the dynamic ripple and reduce the peak value of the dynamic ripple when the output current jumps specifically includes:

[0060] Introduce a variable resistor at the output end, and by changing the relationship between the output current and the output voltage, adjust the output voltage when the output current jumps to leave space for the dynamic ripple;

[0061] Based on the power level and output characteristics of the power adapter, select the resistance value range of the variable resistor;

[0062] Connect the variable resistor element to the output end of the power adapter, build a load line adjustment circuit, and conduct preliminary tests to verify the stability of the circuit and the suppression effect on the dynamic ripple;

[0063] Connect a ripple monitoring device to the output end of the power adapter to monitor the dynamic ripple situation in real time when the output current jumps;

[0064] Based on the monitoring results, formulate a load line adjustment strategy. When the output current increases, reduce the output voltage to reduce the rising edge of the dynamic ripple. When the output current decreases, raise the output voltage to reduce the falling edge of the dynamic ripple;

[0065] Implement an automatic adjustment mechanism through a microcontroller to adjust the load line in real time based on the change of the output current, and dynamically control the output voltage and ripple;

[0066] Under at least one load condition, perform performance testing on the power adapter to verify the effect of the load line adjustment circuit in suppressing dynamic ripple.

[0067] Integrate the verified and optimized load line adjustment circuit into the power adapter.

[0068] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0069] By introducing a power factor correction circuit and a load line adjustment circuit, the power factor of the power adapter is improved, harmonic pollution is reduced, the output voltage stability of the power adapter is improved, and its performance under dynamic load conditions is enhanced. The use of per-pulse over-power and over-current limiting technology can provide precise overload protection for the output of the power adapter, helping to prevent damage to the power adapter under overload conditions and ensuring its stable operation under normal load conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0070] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for dynamically optimizing the parameters of the power adapter for extending the device life according to the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the method for real-time monitoring and recording the changes of the output voltage, current, and power factor parameters of the power adapter according to the present invention;

[0072] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the method for thermal design optimization and temperature management of the power adapter according to the present invention;

[0073] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of the per-pulse over-power and over-current limiting technology method according to the present invention;

[0074] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of the method for introducing the power factor correction circuit according to the present invention;

[0075] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of the method for optimizing the switching frequency and output filter design and balancing the switching loss and output filter size according to the present invention;

[0076] Figure 7 It is a flowchart of the method for introducing the load line adjustment circuit according to the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0077] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations.

[0078] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, a method for dynamically optimizing the parameters of a power adapter for extending the device life includes:

[0079] Use a test instrument to monitor and record in real time the changes in the output voltage, current, and power factor parameters of the power adapter under static and dynamic load conditions;

[0080] Compare the monitored data with the technical specifications of the power adapter, analyze whether the parameter changes are within the preset range, and identify the trends and causes of abnormal parameter changes;

[0081] Optimize the thermal design of the power adapter and manage the temperature by improving the heat dissipation design and introducing a temperature protection mechanism;

[0082] Adopt the per-pulse over-power and over-current limiting technology to limit the over-power and over-current for each pulse and protect the output of the power adapter against overload;

[0083] Introduce a power factor correction circuit to improve the power factor of the power adapter and reduce the harmonic pollution of the power adapter;

[0084] Optimize the switching frequency and the output filter design to balance the switching losses and the size of the output filter;

[0085] Introduce a load line adjustment circuit to leave space for dynamic ripple when the output current jumps and reduce the peak value of the dynamic ripple;

[0086] Use the test instrument to re-monitor the parameter changes of the power adapter, compare the data before and after optimization, and evaluate whether the optimization effect meets the expected goal.

[0087] Refer to Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps for using a test instrument to monitor and record in real time the changes in the output voltage, current, and power factor parameters of the power adapter under static and dynamic load conditions include:

[0088] Connect the positive and negative poles of the test instrument to the positive and negative output terminals of the power adapter respectively;

[0089] The static load condition is a constant resistive load, and the dynamic load condition is a load change that simulates real operating conditions;

[0090] Connect the preset static load to the power adapter;

[0091] Turn on the power adapter, use the test instrument to monitor and record the output voltage, current, and power factor parameters in real time, and after the readings are stable, record the stable values of each parameter;

[0092] Based on the preset dynamic load conditions, use a load test device to simulate the load change process under real operating conditions;

[0093] During the load change process, use a test instrument to monitor and record the changes in output voltage, current, and power factor parameters in real time, and record the time points, change ranges, and change trend information of the parameter changes;

[0094] Analyze the transient response characteristics of the power adapter under dynamic load conditions. The transient response characteristics include the recovery time of the output voltage, the fluctuation of the current, and the change range of the power factor.

[0095] Based on the preset dynamic load conditions, use a load test device (such as a programmable load simulator) to simulate the load change process under real operating conditions. These changes can include sudden increases or decreases in the load, periodic changes, etc. The transient response characteristics include the recovery time of the output voltage (i.e., the time required for the output voltage to recover to a stable value from the start of the load change), the fluctuation of the current (i.e., the change of the current value during the load change process), and the change range of the power factor (i.e., the maximum and minimum values of the power factor during the load change process).

[0096] Refer to Figure 3 As shown, through improving the heat dissipation design and introducing a temperature protection mechanism, the thermal design optimization and temperature management of the power adapter specifically include:

[0097] Inside the power adapter, add heat sinks and thermal conductive glue materials to strengthen the heat conduction between components and the radiator;

[0098] Select aluminum as the high thermal conductivity material for the radiator and heat sink, and add thermal conductive glue materials between the contact surfaces to enhance the heat conduction between components and the radiator;

[0099] Conduct thermal simulation tests to verify the effectiveness and reliability of the heat dissipation design. By simulating the actual working environment of the power adapter, test its temperature change situation under at least one working environment;

[0100] Optimize and adjust the heat dissipation design based on the thermal simulation test results;

[0101] Use temperature sensor elements to set temperature monitoring points inside the power adapter and monitor its working temperature in real time;

[0102] Based on the rated working temperature and heat dissipation capacity of the power adapter, set a temperature threshold;

[0103] Judge whether the real-time working temperature of the temperature monitoring point exceeds the temperature threshold. If so, trigger the temperature protection mechanism, cut off the AC input line of the power adapter, reduce the output power, and forcefully turn off the modulation pulse output. If not, do not make an output.

[0104] A temperature sensor element is set at key positions inside the power adapter (such as near heat-generating components like power transistors and transformers) to monitor its operating temperature in real time. According to the rated operating temperature and heat dissipation capacity of the power adapter, a reasonable temperature threshold is set, which should be lower than the tolerance temperature of the components to ensure that the temperature protection mechanism can be triggered when reaching or exceeding this temperature.

[0105] Refer to Figure 4 As shown, the technology of over-power and over-current limitation for each pulse is adopted to limit the over-power and over-current for each pulse. The overload protection for the output of the power adapter specifically includes:

[0106] A sampling resistor with a known resistance value is connected in series in the primary winding. The current and voltage values of each pulse are obtained by detecting the voltage drop across the resistor.

[0107] The product of the monitored current and voltage values is output as the power value of each pulse.

[0108] Based on the rated power and current limitation of the power adapter, a power safety threshold and a current safety threshold are set.

[0109] Judge whether the power value of each monitored pulse exceeds the set power safety threshold. If so, it is output as an over-power situation, the current pulse is terminated, and pulse width modulation technology is used to control the conduction time of the power switch device by reducing the duty cycle of the pulse and reducing the switching frequency to adjust the output power. If not, no output is made.

[0110] Judge whether the current value of each monitored pulse exceeds the set current safety threshold. If so, it is output as an over-current situation, and the conduction pulse of the power switch device is terminated in advance through the control circuit to limit the current peak value within the pulse period. If not, no output is made.

[0111] After confirming and solving the overload cause, manually restart the power adapter to restore the output.

[0112] After detecting an over-power or over-current situation, the power adapter enters the protection state, stops supplying power to the load, and the display panel or indicator light shows an overload warning, prompting the user to check whether there is a fault in the load or the power adapter itself. The user needs to confirm and solve the overload cause, such as replacing an oversized load, repairing a short-circuit fault, etc. After solving the overload cause, the user manually presses the restart button or restarts the power adapter through a software command to restore normal output.

[0113] Refer to Figure 5 As shown, a power factor correction circuit is introduced to improve the power factor of the power adapter and reduce the harmonic pollution of the power adapter. Specifically, it includes:

[0114] Introduce a boost-type power factor correction circuit.

[0115] A full-wave rectifier bridge composed of four diodes is adopted to convert the sinusoidal AC voltage into a unipolar pulsating DC voltage;

[0116] The boost inductor stores energy when the switching transistor is conducting and releases energy when it is turned off;

[0117] Based on the input voltage range, output power, and switching frequency parameters, calculate the inductance value of the boost inductor;

[0118] The switching transistor uses a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, which is driven by a control signal and periodically conducts and turns off based on a preset period to control the charging and discharging process of the inductor;

[0119] The freewheeling diode provides a path for the inductor current when the switching transistor is turned off, and the energy in the inductor is transferred to the output terminal;

[0120] The output capacitor smoothes the output voltage, reduces the output voltage ripple, and determines the capacitance value of the output capacitor based on the output voltage ripple requirement and output power;

[0121] The control circuit detects the input voltage, input current, and output voltage signals, and generates a drive signal based on the hysteresis current control strategy to control the conduction and turn-off of the switching transistor to achieve power factor correction;

[0122] Compare the inductor current with a preset reference current. When the inductor current exceeds the upper limit of the preset reference current, the switching transistor turns off. When the inductor current is lower than the lower limit of the preset reference current, the switching transistor conducts;

[0123] The inductance value of the boost inductor is: ,

[0124] wherein, is the inductance value of the boost inductor, is the minimum value of the input voltage, is the output power, is the switching frequency, is the output voltage;

[0125] The capacitance value of the output capacitor is: ,

[0126] wherein, is the capacitance value of the output capacitor, is the output voltage ripple, is the frequency of the input AC power supply.

[0127] Introduce a boost-type power factor correction circuit in the power adapter. This circuit structure can effectively shape the input current into a sine wave that is the same as the input voltage waveform, thereby improving the power factor and reducing harmonic pollution. The hysteresis current control strategy is a simple and effective current control method that generates the on and off signals of the switching transistor by comparing the inductor current with a preset reference current. This process achieves precise control of the input current waveform, thus improving the power factor.

[0128] Refer to Figure 6 As shown, optimize the switching frequency and output filter design, and balance the switching loss and output filter size, which specifically includes:

[0129] According to the topology of the switching power supply, analyze the influence of the switching frequency on the switching loss;

[0130] Energy losses occur during the turn-on and turn-off processes of the switching transistor, and the loss is proportional to the switching frequency;

[0131] An electronic filter composed of an inductor and a capacitor uses the characteristics of the inductor and capacitor presenting different impedances to different frequency signals to filter the set frequency signal;

[0132] Based on the selected switching frequency and the output voltage ripple requirement, obtain the parameter values of the inductor and capacitor in the electronic filter;

[0133] By calculating the product of the square of the root mean square current of the switching transistor and the on-resistance of the switching transistor, obtain the on-conduction loss of the switching transistor;

[0134] By calculating the product of the switching frequency and the sum of the turn-on and turn-off energies of the switching transistor, obtain the switching loss of the switching transistor.

[0135] Based on the trade-off between the switching loss and the output filter size, initially set a switching frequency value that should not only meet the output voltage ripple requirement but also control the switching loss within an acceptable range. After passing the simulation verification, build an actual circuit for experimental testing. During the testing process, pay attention to the switching loss, output voltage ripple, and the performance of the filter. According to the test results, fine-tune the switching frequency and filter parameters to ensure that the final design meets all requirements.

[0136] Refer to Figure 7 As shown, introduce a load line adjustment circuit to leave space for dynamic ripple and reduce the peak value of the dynamic ripple peak when the output current jumps, which specifically includes:

[0137] Introduce an adjustable resistor at the output. By changing the relationship between the output current and the output voltage, adjust the output voltage when the output current jumps to leave space for dynamic ripple;

[0138] Select the resistance value range of the adjustable resistor based on the power level and output characteristics of the power adapter;

[0139] Connect the adjustable resistor element to the output terminal of the power adapter, build a load line adjustment circuit, and conduct preliminary tests to verify the stability of the circuit and the suppression effect on dynamic ripple;

[0140] Connect a ripple monitoring device to the output terminal of the power adapter to monitor the dynamic ripple situation in real time when the output current jumps;

[0141] Based on the monitoring results, formulate a load line adjustment strategy. When the output current increases, reduce the output voltage to reduce the rising edge of the dynamic ripple. When the output current decreases, raise the output voltage to reduce the falling edge of the dynamic ripple;

[0142] Implement an automatic adjustment mechanism through a microcontroller to adjust the load line in real time based on the change of the output current, and dynamically control the output voltage and ripple;

[0143] Under at least one load condition, conduct performance tests on the power adapter to verify the suppression effect of the load line adjustment circuit on dynamic ripple;

[0144] Integrate the verified and optimized load line adjustment circuit into the power adapter.

[0145] Write the control program of the microcontroller to implement the automatic adjustment mechanism based on the change of the output current. The program should be able to read the output current value in real time, calculate and adjust the resistance value of the adjustable resistor according to the preset load line adjustment strategy, so as to dynamically control the output voltage and ripple. Integrate the microcontroller into the load line adjustment circuit to ensure its correct connection with the adjustable resistor and the output terminal of the power adapter.

[0146] Furthermore, this solution also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer-readable program is stored. When the computer-readable program is called, it executes the above-mentioned method for dynamically optimizing the parameters of the power adapter for extending the device life.

[0147] It can be understood that the storage medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape; an optical medium such as a DVD; or a semiconductor medium such as a solid-state disk (SSD).

[0148] In summary, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: By introducing a power factor correction circuit and a load line adjustment circuit, the power factor of the power adapter is improved, harmonic pollution is reduced, the output voltage stability of the power adapter is improved, and its performance under dynamic load conditions is enhanced. The technology of per-pulse over-power and over-current limitation is adopted, which can provide precise overload protection for the output of the power adapter, helping to prevent the power adapter from being damaged under overload conditions and ensuring its stable operation under normal load conditions.

[0149] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements will occur to the present invention, and all these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for dynamically optimizing power adapter parameters for extending device life, characterized in that: include: Use test instruments to monitor and record the output voltage, current and power factor parameter changes of the power adapter under static and dynamic load conditions in real time; Compare monitoring data with the technical specifications of the power adapter, analyze whether parameter changes are within the preset range, and identify the trend and cause of abnormal parameter changes; By improving the heat dissipation design and introducing a temperature protection mechanism, the thermal design and temperature management of the power adapter are optimized; The pulse-by-pulse over-power and over-current limiting technology is used to limit the over-power and over-current of each pulse and to protect the output of the power adapter from overload. Introduce power factor correction circuit to improve the power factor of the power adapter and reduce the harmonic pollution of the power adapter; Optimize switching frequency and output filter design to balance switching loss and output filter size; Introduce load line adjustment circuit to leave room for dynamic ripple when output current jumps and reduce the peak value of dynamic ripple peak; Use the test instrument to re-monitor the parameter changes of the power adapter, compare the data before and after optimization, and evaluate whether the optimization effect has achieved the expected goal.

2. A method for dynamically optimizing power adapter parameters for extending device life according to claim 1, characterized in that: The use of a test instrument to monitor and record in real time the output voltage, current and power factor parameter changes of the power adapter under static and dynamic load conditions specifically includes: Connect the positive and negative poles of the test instrument to the positive and negative output terminals of the power adapter respectively; The static load condition is a constant resistance load, and the dynamic load condition is a load change that simulates real operating conditions; Connect the preset static load to the power adapter; Turn on the power adapter and use the test instrument to monitor and record the output voltage, current and power factor parameters in real time. After the readings stabilize, record the stable values ​​of each parameter. Based on the preset dynamic load conditions, the load test equipment is used to simulate the load change process under real operating conditions; During the load change process, use the test instrument to monitor and record the changes in the output voltage, current and power factor parameters in real time, and record the time point, change range and change trend information of the parameters; The transient response characteristics of the power adapter under dynamic load conditions are analyzed, wherein the transient response characteristics include the recovery time of the output voltage, the fluctuation of the current and the variation range of the power factor.

3. A method for dynamically optimizing power adapter parameters for extending device life according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thermal design optimization and temperature management of the power adapter by improving the heat dissipation design and introducing a temperature protection mechanism specifically include: Add heat sink and thermal conductive adhesive materials inside the power adapter to enhance the heat conduction between components and the heat sink; Aluminum is selected as the high thermal conductivity material for the heat sink and heat sink, and thermal conductive adhesive material is added between the contact surfaces to enhance the heat conduction between components and heat sink; Conduct thermal simulation tests to verify the effectiveness and reliability of the heat dissipation design, and test the temperature changes of the power adapter under at least one working environment by simulating its actual working environment; Optimize and adjust the heat dissipation design based on thermal simulation test results; Using temperature sensor elements, a temperature monitoring point is set inside the power adapter to monitor its working temperature in real time; Set temperature thresholds based on the rated operating temperature and heat dissipation capabilities of the power adapter; Determine whether the real-time operating temperature of the temperature monitoring point exceeds the temperature threshold. If so, the temperature protection mechanism is triggered, the AC input line of the power adapter is cut off, the output power is reduced and the modulation pulse output is forced to be turned off. If not, no output is made.

4. A method for dynamically optimizing power adapter parameters for extending equipment life according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulse-by-pulse overpower and overcurrent limiting technology is used to limit overpower and overcurrent on a pulse-by-pulse basis, and the output of the power adapter is overload protected, specifically including: A sampling resistor with a known resistance is connected in series with the primary winding, and the current and voltage values ​​of each pulse are obtained by detecting the voltage drop across the resistor. The product of the monitored current and voltage values ​​is output as the power value of each pulse; Based on the rated power and current limit of the power adapter, set the power safety threshold and current safety threshold; Determine whether the power value of each pulse monitored exceeds the set power safety threshold. If so, the output is an over-power situation, terminate the current pulse, use pulse width modulation technology to control the on-time of the power switch device by reducing the duty cycle of the pulse, and reduce the switching frequency to adjust the output power. If not, no output is made; Determine whether the current value of each pulse monitored exceeds the set current safety threshold. If so, the output is an overcurrent condition, and the control circuit is used to terminate the conduction pulse of the power switch device in advance to limit the current peak value within the pulse cycle. If not, no output is made; After confirming the cause of the overload and resolving it, manually restart the power adapter to restore output.

5. A method for dynamically optimizing power adapter parameters for extending equipment life according to claim 4, characterized in that: The introduction of the power factor correction circuit to improve the power factor of the power adapter and reduce the harmonic pollution of the power adapter specifically includes: Introducing boost power factor correction circuit; A full-wave rectifier bridge consisting of four diodes is used to convert the sinusoidal AC voltage into a unipolar pulsating DC voltage; The boost inductor stores energy when the switch is turned on and releases energy when it is turned off. Calculate the inductance value of the boost inductor based on the input voltage range, output power, and switching frequency parameters; The switch tube uses a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, which is driven by a control signal and periodically turns on and off based on a preset cycle to control the charging and discharging process of the inductor; When the switch is turned off, the freewheeling diode provides a path for the inductor current, and the energy in the inductor is transferred to the output end; The output capacitor smoothes the output voltage and reduces the output voltage ripple, and the capacitance value of the output capacitor is determined based on the output voltage ripple requirement and the output power; The control circuit detects the input voltage, input current and output voltage signals, and generates a drive signal based on the hysteresis current control strategy to control the on and off of the switch tube to achieve power factor correction; The inductor current is compared with a preset reference current. When the inductor current exceeds the preset reference current upper limit, the switch tube is turned off. When the inductor current is lower than the preset reference current lower limit, the switch tube is turned on. The inductance value of the boost inductor is: , In the formula, is the inductance value of the boost inductor, is the minimum value of the input voltage, is the output power, is the switching frequency, is the output voltage; The capacitance value of the output capacitor is: , In the formula, is the capacitance value of the output capacitor, is the output voltage ripple, is the frequency of the input AC power.

6. A method for dynamically optimizing power adapter parameters for extending device life according to claim 5, characterized in that: The optimization of switching frequency and output filter design, and balancing switching loss and output filter size specifically include: According to the topological structure of the switching power supply, analyze the influence of switching frequency on switching loss; Energy loss is generated during the switching process of the switch tube, and the loss is proportional to the switching frequency; The electronic filter is composed of inductors and capacitors, and the set frequency signal is filtered by using the characteristics of inductors and capacitors presenting different impedances to signals of different frequencies; Obtain the parameter values ​​of inductors and capacitors in electronic filters based on the selected switching frequency and output voltage ripple requirements; The conduction loss of the switch tube is obtained by calculating the product of the square of the root mean square current of the switch tube and the on-resistance of the switch tube. The switching loss of the switch tube is obtained by calculating the product of the switching frequency and the sum of the turn-on and turn-off energies of the switch tube.

7. A method for dynamically optimizing power adapter parameters for extending device life according to claim 6, characterized in that: The introduction of the load line adjustment circuit to leave room for the dynamic ripple when the output current jumps and to reduce the peak value of the dynamic ripple peak specifically includes: Introducing an adjustable resistor at the output end, by changing the relationship between output current and output voltage, the output voltage is adjusted when the output current jumps, leaving room for dynamic ripple; Select the resistance range of the adjustable resistor based on the power level and output characteristics of the power adapter; Connect the adjustable resistor element to the output end of the power adapter, build a load line adjustment circuit, and conduct preliminary tests to verify the stability of the circuit and the suppression effect on dynamic ripple; Connect a ripple monitoring device to the output end of the power adapter to monitor the dynamic ripple of the output current when it changes in real time; Based on the monitoring results, a load line adjustment strategy is formulated. When the output current increases, the output voltage is reduced to reduce the rising edge of the dynamic ripple. When the output current decreases, the output voltage is raised to reduce the falling edge of the dynamic ripple. The microcontroller implements an automatic adjustment mechanism to adjust the load line in real time based on the change of output current, dynamically controlling the output voltage and ripple; Performing performance testing on the power adapter under at least one load condition to verify the load line adjustment circuit's suppression effect on dynamic ripple; Integrate proven and optimized load line regulation circuits into power adapters.

Images