Automatic speed changing assembly and electric capstan with automatic speed changing assembly

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic speed changing assembly which comprises a planetary gear speed reducing mechanism, a first-stage speed changing mechanism and a second-stage speed changing mechanism. An inner rotation driving member; the outer element is movably connected with the inner rotation driving part, so that the outer element can be driven to rotate under the driving of the inner rotation driving part, and the outer element is allowed to axially move between a first position and a second position relative to the inner rotation driving part; the driving disc is movably connected with the outer element, so that the driving disc can be driven to rotate under the driving of the outer element, and the driving disc is configured to be capable of changing between a first state in which the driving disc is combined with the power output element and a second state in which the driving disc is separated from the power output element; the first stage sun gear is configured to disengage from the outer element in a first position of the outer element and to engage with the outer element in a second position of the outer element. According to the automatic speed changing assembly and the electric capstan with the automatic speed changing assembly, the automatic speed changing function can be achieved, and reliability is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of transmission or traction equipment, in particular to an automatic speed change component and an electric winch with the automatic speed change component. Background Art

[0002] Electric winch is a machine that uses a motor to drive the drum and wind flexible components (wire rope, chain, etc.) to complete the traction operation. Electric winch is commonly used in handling work, ship docks, car traction, fire rescue and other fields.

[0003] Most of the existing electric winches do not have a speed-changing function. The few electric winches with a speed-changing function require manual or remote control operation to achieve the speed-changing effect. They are inconvenient to use and have poor reliability. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to at least partially overcome the defects of the prior art and to provide an automatic transmission assembly and an electric winch having the automatic transmission assembly.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic transmission assembly capable of adaptively changing the transmission ratio.

[0006] The present invention also aims to provide an electric winch with an automatic transmission assembly, which can automatically switch the transmission ratio so that the electric winch works with a small transmission ratio when the load on the drum is small, and works with a large transmission ratio when the load on the drum is large.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose or one of the purposes, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An automatic transmission assembly, comprising:

[0009] A planetary gear reduction mechanism, comprising a first-stage planetary gear set and a power output element, wherein the first-stage planetary gear set comprises a first-stage sun gear, a first-stage ring gear, a first-stage planet carrier and a plurality of first-stage planetary gears, and the first-stage planet carrier is connected to the power output element;

[0010] an inner rotating drive member;

[0011] an outer element, which is sleeved on the inner rotary drive member and is movably connected to the inner rotary drive member, so that the outer element can be driven to rotate under the drive of the inner rotary drive member, and the movably connected outer element and the inner rotary drive member allows the outer element to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotary drive member between a first position and a second position relative to the inner rotary drive member; and

[0012] a drive disc, the drive disc being arranged on one side of the outer element along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotary drive member, and the drive disc being movably connected to the outer element so that the drive disc can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer element, and the drive disc is configured to be able to change between a first state in which the drive disc is combined with the power output element and a second state in which the drive disc is disengaged from the power output element,

[0013] The first-stage sun gear is configured to be disengaged from the outer element at a first position of the outer element and to be engaged with the outer element at a second position of the outer element.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner rotary drive member comprises:

[0015] An input shaft configured to be connectable with the actuating device for inputting an actuating force;

[0016] The inner component is fixedly arranged on the input shaft.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the input shaft and the inner element are an integral part; or

[0018] The input shaft and the inner element are separate parts, and the input shaft and the inner element are fixedly connected.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner element comprises a central portion and at least one protruding portion protruding outward from the central portion, and the outer element is provided with a central groove and a groove portion corresponding to the protruding portion, the central groove is used to accommodate the central portion, and the groove portion is used to accommodate the protruding portion;

[0020] The dimension of the groove portion along the circumference of the outer element is greater than the dimension of the protrusion portion along the circumference of the inner element, so that the protrusion can rotate around the axis of the inner element in the groove portion.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner element comprises a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner element; and

[0022] The outer element includes a plurality of groove portions, and the plurality of groove portions are evenly distributed along a circumferential direction of the outer element.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the protruding portions is three, and the number of the recessed portions is three.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end surface of the protrusion facing the first-stage planetary gear set includes at least a first curved surface, and the surface of the groove portion facing the protrusion includes at least a second curved surface, and the shapes of the first curved surface and the second curved surface match, so that the rotational movement of the protrusion in the groove portion around the axis of the inner element can cause the outer element to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotary drive member.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end surface of the protrusion facing the first-stage planetary gear set has a hemispherical pit, and the surface of the groove portion facing the protrusion has a hemispherical boss; or

[0026] An end surface of the protruding portion facing the first-stage planetary gear set has a hemispherical boss, and a surface of the recessed portion facing the protruding portion has a hemispherical pit.

[0027] The above-mentioned hemispherical bosses / pits may also be partially spherical pits / bosses, or bosses / pits including inclined surfaces, or frustums and pits, or bosses / pits including spiral surfaces, etc.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first elastic element is provided between the first-stage sun gear and the outer element, and the first elastic element biases the outer element toward the inner element.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first elastic element is a wave spring, a disc spring, a coil spring, or a rubber elastic member.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a joint portion is provided on the end face of the outer element on the side facing the first-stage planetary gear set, and a joint portion is provided on the end face of the first-stage sun gear on the side facing the outer element, and the joint portion on the outer element can be combined with the joint portion on the first-stage sun gear, so that the first-stage sun gear is combined with the outer element.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the engaging portion on the outer element and the engaging portion on the first-stage sun gear are both engaging teeth, forming tooth meshing; or

[0032] The engaging portion on the outer element and the engaging portion on the first stage sun gear form a key / spline connection; or

[0033] The engaging portion on the outer element and the engaging portion on the first-stage sun gear form a pin-hole fit.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movable connection between the drive plate and the outer element allows the drive plate to move axially relative to the inner rotary drive member along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotary drive member.

[0035] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a connecting portion is provided on the end surface of the outer element on the side facing the driving disk, and a connecting portion is provided in the end surface of the driving disk on the side facing the outer element, and the connecting portion on the outer element can be combined with the connecting portion on the driving disk, so that the driving disk can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer element and can move axially relative to the inner rotating driving member along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotating driving member.

[0036] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connecting portion on the outer element is a sliding shaft, and the connecting portion on the driving disk is a sliding hole; or

[0037] The connecting portion on the outer element is a sliding hole, and the connecting portion on the driving disk is a sliding shaft.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple sliding shafts and they are evenly distributed along the circumference; there are multiple sliding holes and they are evenly distributed along the circumference. Or a key / spline connection or other sliding connection is adopted.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second elastic element is provided between the inner element and the driving plate, and the second elastic element biases the driving plate toward the power output element.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end surface of the drive disc facing the power output element includes at least a third curved surface, and the surface of the power output element facing the drive disc includes at least a fourth curved surface, and the shapes of the third curved surface and the fourth curved surface match, so that when the load on the power output element is less than a predetermined load, the drive disc rotates together with the power output element, and when the load on the power output element is greater than the predetermined load, the drive disc is disengaged from the power output element.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a friction plate is provided on the end surface of the driving disc facing the power output element; and / or a friction plate is provided on the surface of the power output element facing the driving disc, so that when the load on the power output element is less than a predetermined load, the driving disc rotates together with the power output element, and when the load on the power output element is greater than the predetermined load, the driving disc is disengaged from the power output element.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clutch between the driving plate and the power output element is achieved by a magnetic clutch.

[0043] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the planetary gear reduction mechanism also includes a second-stage planetary gear set, which includes a second-stage sun gear, a second-stage ring gear, a second-stage planetary carrier and a plurality of second-stage planetary gears, wherein the second-stage sun gear serves as the power output element, and the second-stage planetary carrier serves as the power output element of the next stage.

[0044] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the planetary gear reduction mechanism also includes a third-stage planetary gear set, and the third-stage planetary gear set includes a third-stage sun gear, a third-stage ring gear, a third-stage planet carrier and a plurality of third-stage planetary gears, wherein the second-stage planet carrier is fixedly connected to the third-stage sun gear.

[0045] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric winch with an automatic speed change assembly, the electric winch comprising:

[0046] An automatic transmission assembly as described in any one of the preceding embodiments;

[0047] an actuating device connected to the inner rotating drive member of the automatic transmission assembly;

[0048] a roller, directly or indirectly connected to the power output element; and

[0049] case.

[0050] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the actuating device comprises a motor and a transmission and braking device, the transmission and braking device is transmission-connected to the motor, and the inner rotary drive member is transmission-connected to the transmission and braking device.

[0051] The automatic transmission assembly and the electric winch having the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0052] The automatic transmission assembly and the electric winch with the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention can realize the automatic transmission function, which can automatically switch the transmission ratio according to the load change of the load (for example, the load of the cable on the drum of the electric winch). Taking the electric winch using the automatic transmission assembly as an example, under the working conditions of no-load rope release and rope collection, it can automatically work through a small transmission ratio, the drum speed is high, and the rope collection and release action is more efficient; and under the working conditions of load traction or load release (when the load is large), a large transmission ratio can be used. At this time, the output torque of the motor is fully amplified, and the tension of the cable is high, meeting the working requirements of large loads. Moreover, all switching processes are automatically carried out through the load change on the cable, without manual intervention, effectively reducing the work intensity, and all processes are completely realized by mechanical means, and reliability is fully guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an electric winch with an automatic speed change assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a partial perspective view of an electric winch with an automatic transmission assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a housing, a ring gear of a three-stage planetary gear set, and an actuator of the electric winch are partially removed;

[0055] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial exploded view of the left part of Figure 2 A partial exploded view of a portion between a plurality of planetary gears of a first-stage planetary gear set and a plurality of planetary gears of a second-stage planetary gear set;

[0056] Figure 4 Shown from another angle Figure 3 External components in. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements. In addition, in the detailed description below, for ease of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, it is apparent that one or more embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In other cases, known structures and devices are embodied in a schematic manner to simplify the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an electric winch to which the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention is applied. As shown in the figure, the electric winch includes an automatic transmission assembly 1, a housing 2, a drum 3, a motor 4 and a transmission and braking device 5. Here, the motor 4 and the transmission and braking device 5 constitute an actuating device, and the actuating device is connected to the input shaft 101 of the internal rotating drive member (described later) of the automatic transmission assembly 1. Specifically, the transmission and braking device 5 is transmission-connected to the motor 4, and the input shaft 101 of the internal rotating drive member is transmission-connected to the transmission and braking device 5. The housing 2 is used to connect and support various components and fix the electric winch as a whole. The drum 3 is directly or indirectly connected to the output end of the automatic transmission assembly 1 (the power output element described below), and the rope of the electric winch is wound around the drum 3.

[0059] The automatic transmission assembly 1 is described in detail below. In an exemplary embodiment, the automatic transmission assembly 1 includes a first-stage planetary gear set 11, a second-stage planetary gear set 12 and a third-stage planetary gear set 13. The first-stage planetary gear set 11 is used as a high-speed planetary gear set, the second-stage planetary gear set 12 is used as a low-speed planetary gear set, and the third-stage planetary gear set 13 is used as an output-stage planetary gear set. Each planetary gear set includes a sun gear, a ring gear, a planet carrier and a plurality of planetary gears, that is, the first-stage planetary gear set 11 includes a first-stage sun gear 111, a first-stage ring gear, a first-stage planet carrier 112 and a plurality of first-stage planetary gears; the second-stage planetary gear set 12 includes a second-stage sun gear 121, a second-stage ring gear, a second-stage planet carrier and a plurality of second-stage planetary gears; the third-stage planetary gear set 13 includes a third-stage sun gear, a third-stage ring gear, a third-stage planet carrier and a plurality of third-stage planetary gears. The ring gears of all planetary gear sets are fixedly connected to the housing 2.

[0060] In terms of transmission, the first-stage planet carrier 112 of the first-stage planetary gear set 11 is connected to the second-stage sun gear 121 of the second-stage planetary gear set 12, the second-stage planet carrier of the second-stage planetary gear set 12 is connected to the third-stage sun gear of the third-stage planetary gear set 13, the output element of the third-stage planetary gear set 13 is the third-stage planet carrier, and the third-stage planet carrier is connected to the drum 3. It should be noted that when the automatic transmission assembly 1 is applied to the electric winch, the third-stage planet carrier is connected to the drum 3 as the final power output element, and when the automatic transmission assembly 1 is not applied to the electric winch, the third-stage planet carrier is used as the final power output element and is connected to the element that needs to be driven to rotate.

[0061] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the accompanying drawings, the automatic transmission assembly 1 is set to have a three-stage planetary gear set, but the automatic transmission assembly 1 may have only a two-stage planetary gear set, or only a one-stage planetary gear set, or other number of planetary gear sets. When the automatic transmission assembly 1 has a two-stage planetary gear set, the first-stage planet carrier 112 of the first-stage planetary gear set 11 is fixedly connected to the second-stage sun gear 121 of the second-stage planetary gear set 12, and the second-stage sun gear 121 serves as the power output element of the first-stage planetary gear set 11, and the second-stage planet carrier serves as the power output element of the next stage. When the automatic transmission assembly 1 has only a one-stage planetary gear set, the automatic transmission assembly 1 may include an independent power output element, and the first-stage planet carrier 112 is connected to the power output element. Here, the combination of the first-stage planetary gear set 11 and the power output element, or the combination of the multi-stage planetary gear set serves as a planetary gear reduction mechanism. In addition, the power output element is not limited to being the same component, it can also be two different components. For example, the second-stage sun gear and the third-stage sun gear can serve as power output elements at the same time, namely, the power output element of the first-stage planetary gear set and the power output element of the drive plate, that is, they can be connected to the upstream transmission respectively in different clutch states.

[0062] In addition to the planetary gear reduction mechanism, the automatic transmission assembly 1 further includes an inner rotation driving member (a combination of an input shaft 101 and an inner element 102 ), an outer element 103 , a first elastic element 104 , a driving plate 105 , and a second elastic element 106 .

[0063] The inner rotary drive member includes: an input shaft 101, which is configured to be connected to an actuating device for inputting an actuating force; and an inner element 102, which is fixedly arranged on the input shaft 101. Here, the input shaft 101 and the inner element 102 may be an integral part; or alternatively, the input shaft 101 and the inner element 102 may be separate parts, and the input shaft 101 and the inner element 102 may be fixedly connected, specifically, by means of screws, snap rings, interference fit, etc. In the embodiment of the accompanying drawings, a shoulder is arranged on the input shaft 101 to perform unidirectional positioning on the inner element 102.

[0064] The outer element 103 is in a hollow ring shape and is sleeved on the inner rotary drive member. The hollow portion of the outer element 103 allows the input shaft 101 to pass through without affecting the rotation of the input shaft 101. The inner element 102 is at least partially placed in the hollow portion of the outer element 103. The outer element 103 is movably connected to the inner rotary drive member (inner element 102), so that the outer element 103 can be driven to rotate under the drive of the inner rotary drive member, and the movably connected outer element 103 and the inner rotary drive member (inner element 102) allows the outer element 103 to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotary drive member between a first position and a second position relative to the inner rotary drive member.

[0065] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 The inner element 102 includes a central portion and at least one protrusion protruding outward from the central portion, three of which are shown in the figure, and a central groove and a groove portion corresponding to the protrusion are provided in the outer element 103, wherein the central groove is used to accommodate the central portion, and the groove portion is used to accommodate the protrusion; the size of the groove portion along the circumference of the outer element 103 is larger than the size of the protrusion along the circumference of the inner element 102, so that the protrusion can rotate around the axis of the inner element 102 in the groove portion.

[0066] Advantageously, the inner element 102 comprises a plurality of protrusions, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner element 102; and the outer element 103 comprises a plurality of grooves, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer element 103. Preferably, the number of the protrusions is 3, and the number of the grooves is 3, as shown in the figure. The plurality of protrusions and the plurality of grooves are symmetrical along the circumference center, and each protrusion and each groove itself is axially symmetrical.

[0067] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is designed as follows: the end surface of the protrusion facing the first-stage planetary gear set 11 includes at least a first curved surface, and the surface of the groove portion facing the protrusion includes at least a second curved surface, and the first curved surface and the second curved surface match in shape, so that the rotation of the protrusion in the groove portion around the axis of the inner element 102 can cause the outer element 103 to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotary drive member. Preferably, the end surface of the protrusion facing the first-stage planetary gear set 11 has a hemispherical pit, and the surface of the groove portion facing the protrusion has a hemispherical boss 1032 ( Figure 3 , 4 or alternatively, the end surface of the protrusion facing the first-stage planetary gear set 11 has a hemispherical boss, and the surface of the groove portion facing the protrusion has a hemispherical pit. Advantageously, the hemispherical boss or the hemispherical pit are both located at the symmetry center of the groove portion or the protrusion.

[0068] In addition, the hemispherical bosses / pits may also be partially spherical pits / bosses, or pits / bosses including inclined surfaces, or pits and frustums, or pits / bosses including spiral surfaces, and so on.

[0069] The matching of the concave and convex platform corresponds to the matching of the first curved surface and the second curved surface, that is, the concave and convex platform are the specific implementation forms of the first curved surface and the second curved surface. Here, any curved surface that can convert the circumferential force into an axial motion can be matched, that is, to achieve the inclined surface effect, so that the rotation of the protrusion in the groove part can cause the outer element 103 to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotating drive member. In addition to the combination of the concave and convex platform, the matching first curved surface and the second curved surface can also be a combination of one or more of the following curved surfaces: spherical surface, cylindrical surface, conical surface, truncated cone surface, inclined surface, parabola, hyperboloid, cam surface, and helical surface.

[0070] A joint is provided on the end face of the outer element 103 on the side facing the first-stage planetary gear set 11, and a joint is provided on the end face of the first-stage sun gear 111 on the side facing the outer element 103. The joint on the outer element 103 can be combined with the joint on the first-stage sun gear 111, so that the first-stage sun gear 111 is combined with the outer element 103.

[0071] As a specific embodiment, the engagement portion on the outer element 103 and the engagement portion on the first-stage sun gear 111 are both engagement teeth (for example, the engagement teeth 1031 on the outer element 103), forming a tooth meshing (see Figure 3 , 4); or the engaging portion on the outer element 103 and the engaging portion on the first-stage sun gear 111 form a key / spline connection; or the engaging portion on the outer element 103 and the engaging portion on the first-stage sun gear 111 form a pin-hole fit (similar to the fit between the sliding shaft 1033 and the sliding hole to be described below). The above-mentioned engaging portion is used to achieve the separation and engagement of the outer element 103 and the first-stage sun gear 111. Of course, the engaging portion on the outer element 103 and the engaging portion on the first-stage sun gear 111 can also be formed in other ways, as long as the above-mentioned clutch can be achieved. Importantly, by adopting the above-mentioned technical means, the first-stage sun gear 111 is configured to be disengaged from the outer element 103 at the first position of the outer element 103 and to be engaged with the outer element 103 at the second position of the outer element 103.

[0072] A first elastic element 104 is provided between the first-stage sun gear 111 and the outer element 103. The first elastic element 104 biases the outer element 103 toward the inner element 102. The first elastic element 104 is preferably a wave spring. The first position of the outer element 103 corresponds to the position where the wave spring pushes the outer element 103 toward the inner element 102, and the second position of the outer element 103 corresponds to the position where the outer element 103 is pushed by the inner element 102 (by means of the boss 1032 and the pit) and is pushed toward the first-stage sun gear 111. In addition, the first elastic element 104 may also be a disc spring, a coil spring, or a rubber elastic member, etc.

[0073] The drive disk 105 is described below. The drive disk 105 is arranged on one side of the outer element 103 along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotating drive member, and the drive disk 105 is movably connected to the outer element 103, so that the drive disk 105 can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer element 103, and the drive disk 105 is configured to be able to change between a first state of being combined with the power output element and a second state of being disengaged from the power output element. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the active connection between the drive disk 105 and the outer element 103 allows the drive disk 105 to move axially relative to the inner rotating drive member along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotating drive member.

[0074] Specifically, a connection portion is provided on the end surface of the outer element facing the driving disk 105, and a connection portion is provided in the end surface of the driving disk 105 facing the outer element 103. The connection portion on the outer element can be combined with the connection portion on the driving disk 105, so that the driving disk 105 can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer element 103, and can move axially relative to the inner rotating driving member along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotating driving member. For example, the connection portion on the outer element is a sliding shaft 1033, and the connection portion on the driving disk 105 is a sliding hole; or the connection portion on the outer element is a sliding hole, and the connection portion on the driving disk 105 is a sliding shaft.

[0075] The driving plate 105 is located between the outer element 103, the inner element 102 and the second stage sun gear 121 of the second stage planetary gear set 12, and is slidably connected to the sliding shaft 1033 of the outer element 103 through the circular hole (sliding hole) thereon. Here, the combination of the above two connecting parts can also be realized by splines, sliding flat keys, etc., as long as they can be combined to realize the transmission of rotational motion and a certain range of axial movement. Advantageously, the number of sliding shafts is multiple and evenly distributed along the circumference; and the number of sliding holes is multiple and evenly distributed along the circumference. In addition, they can also be made into a key or spline connection, or other sliding connections.

[0076] A second elastic element 106 is provided between the inner element 102 and the drive disc 105, and the second elastic element 106 biases the drive disc 105 toward the power output element. The second elastic element 106 may be a coil spring, one end of which is mounted on the shoulder of the input shaft 101, and the other end is mounted on the drive disc 105, so that the drive disc 105 abuts against the second-stage sun gear 121 of the second-stage planetary gear set 12 with a certain pressure.

[0077] According to the technical concept of the present invention, a friction plate is provided on the end face of the driving disc 105 facing the power output element; and / or a friction plate is provided on the surface of the power output element facing the driving disc 105, so that when the load on the power output element is less than a predetermined load, the driving disc 105 rotates together with the power output element, and when the load on the power output element is greater than a predetermined load, the driving disc 105 is disengaged from the power output element. That is, there is friction material on the contact surface between the driving disc 105 and the second-stage sun gear 121 of the second-stage planetary gear set 12 to increase friction.

[0078] This is to achieve the drive disc 105 and the second-stage sun gear 121 to be combined at certain times and disengaged at certain times by means of the friction plate. Of course, it can also be achieved by using a combination of curved surfaces, such as the first curved surface and the second curved surface mentioned above, the curved surface combination can also transmit a certain force, and can slide or rotate relative to each other when the resistance exceeds a certain range. Therefore, the present invention can also be designed as follows: the end surface of the drive disc 105 facing the power output element includes at least a third curved surface, and the surface of the power output element facing the drive disc 105 includes at least a fourth curved surface, and the third curved surface and the fourth curved surface match in shape, so that when the load on the power output element is less than a predetermined load, the drive disc 105 rotates together with the power output element, and when the load on the power output element is greater than a predetermined load, the drive disc 105 disengages from the power output element. The matching third curved surface and fourth curved surface can be a combination of a pit and a boss, can be a hemispherical pit and a hemispherical boss, or can be a combination of one or more of a spherical surface, a cylindrical surface, a conical surface, a truncated cone surface, an inclined surface, a parabola, a hyperboloid, and a cam surface.

[0079] Alternatively, the clutch between the drive disk 105 and the second-stage sun gear 121 can be achieved by a magnetic clutch. For example, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet is provided on the drive disk 105, and a permanent magnet or an electromagnet with opposite magnetic poles is provided on the second-stage sun gear 121. When the load on the second-stage sun gear 121 is small, the two are magnetically connected together and rotate together. When the load on the second-stage sun gear 121 is large, the two are forced to disengage.

[0080] The working process of the electric winch with automatic speed change assembly of the present invention is described below:

[0081] When the cable on the drum 3 is unloaded, that is, the drum 3 is in light load condition, the motor 4 drives the input shaft 101 to rotate through the transmission and brake device 5, that is, drives the inner element 102 to rotate. At this time, due to the action of the wave spring 104, the boss 1032 on the outer element 103 is tightly engaged with the pit on the inner element 102. When the side of the protrusion of the inner element 102 does not contact the side of the groove of the outer element 103 (the protrusion is just located in the middle of the groove, so it does not contact the surface of the groove), the inner element 102 is driven The external element 103 rotates, and since the external element 103 is slidingly connected to the driving disk 105, the driving disk 105 also rotates accordingly. Under the action of the coil spring 106, the friction between the driving disk 105 and the second-stage sun gear 121 of the second-stage planetary gear set 12 drives the second-stage sun gear 121 of the second-stage planetary gear set to rotate, that is, power is input from the second-stage sun gear 121 of the second-stage planetary gear set to drive the drum 3 to rotate. At this time, the transmission ratio is relatively small, the rotation speed of the drum 3 is high, and the efficiency of no-load rope collection or release is high.

[0082] When there is a load on the cable on the drum 3 or the load is large (greater than the preset load value), that is, when the drum 3 is in a loaded working condition, the rotation resistance is large, and this resistance is transmitted to the second-stage sun gear 121 of the second-stage planetary gear set 12, and also acts on the drive plate 105 and the outer element 103. At this time, the axial component of the force between the boss 1032 on the outer element 103 and the pit on the inner element 102 is greater than the elastic force of the wave spring 104, so the outer element 103 moves slightly to the left horizontally relative to the inner element 102, and rotates at the same time until the side of the protrusion of the inner element 102 and the groove of the outer element 103 are aligned. The sides are in contact, and the boss 1032 on the outer element 103 contacts the concave part on the inner element 102. In this process, the outer element 103 compresses the wave spring 104 to move toward the first-stage planetary gear set 11, and the engagement portion (engagement tooth 1031) on the outer element 103 is engaged with the engagement portion (engagement tooth) on the first-stage sun gear 111 of the first-stage planetary gear set 11. The power is input from the first-stage sun gear 111 of the first-stage planetary gear set 11 (high-speed planetary gear set), driving the drum 3 to rotate with the maximum transmission ratio, and the input torque of the motor is increased to the maximum value to meet the requirements of large load work. Due to motion interference, the drive plate 105 and the second-stage sun gear 121 are disengaged at this time.

[0083] The automatic transmission assembly and the electric winch having the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0084] The automatic transmission assembly and the electric winch with the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention can realize the automatic transmission function, which can automatically switch the transmission ratio according to the load change of the load (for example, the load of the cable on the drum of the electric winch). Taking the electric winch using the automatic transmission assembly as an example, under the working conditions of no-load rope release and rope collection, it can automatically work through a small transmission ratio, the drum speed is high, and the rope collection and release action is more efficient; and under the working conditions of load traction or load release (when the load is large), a large transmission ratio can be used. At this time, the output torque of the motor is fully amplified, and the tension of the cable is high, meeting the working requirements of large loads. Moreover, all switching processes are automatically carried out through the load change on the cable, without manual intervention, effectively reducing the work intensity, and all processes are completely realized by mechanical means, and reliability is fully guaranteed.

[0085] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of application of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0086] List of reference numerals:

[0087] 1 Automatic transmission components

[0088] 2 Housing

[0089] 3 Rollers

[0090] 4 Motor

[0091] 5 Transmission and braking devices

[0092] 11First stage planetary gear set

[0093] 12 Second stage planetary gear set

[0094] 13Third stage planetary gear set

[0095] 101 Input shaft

[0096] 102 internal components

[0097] 103 External components

[0098] 104 first elastic element

[0099] 105 driver disk

[0100] 106 second elastic element

[0101] 111First stage sun gear

[0102] 112 First stage planet carrier

[0103] 121 Second stage sun gear

[0104] 1031 Engagement teeth

[0105] 1032 boss

[0106] 1033 Sliding shaft.

Claims

1. An automatic transmission assembly (1), characterized in that: The automatic transmission assembly (1) comprises: A planetary gear reduction mechanism, comprising a first-stage planetary gear set (11) and a power output element, wherein the first-stage planetary gear set (11) comprises a first-stage sun gear (111), a first-stage ring gear, a first-stage planet carrier (112) and a plurality of first-stage planetary gears, and the first-stage planet carrier (112) is connected to the power output element; an inner rotating drive member; an outer element (103) sleeved on the inner rotary drive member, and the outer element (103) is movably connected to the inner rotary drive member, so that the outer element (103) can be driven to rotate under the drive of the inner rotary drive member, and the movably connected outer element (103) and the inner rotary drive member allow the outer element (103) to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotary drive member between a first position and a second position relative to the inner rotary drive member; and a drive disc (105), the drive disc (105) being arranged on one side of the outer element (103) along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotary drive member, and the drive disc (105) being movably connected to the outer element (103), so that the drive disc (105) can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer element (103), and the drive disc (105) is configured to be able to change between a first state of being coupled with the power output element and a second state of being disconnected from the power output element, The first-stage sun gear (111) is configured to be disengaged from the outer element (103) at a first position of the outer element (103) and to be engaged with the outer element (103) at a second position of the outer element (103).

2. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner rotary drive member comprises: An input shaft (101) is configured to be connectable to an actuating device for inputting an actuating force; The inner element (102) is fixedly arranged on the input shaft (101).

3. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner element (102) comprises a central portion and at least one protruding portion protruding outward from the central portion, and the outer element (103) is provided with a central groove and a groove portion corresponding to the protruding portion, the central groove is used to accommodate the central portion, and the groove portion is used to accommodate the protruding portion; The dimension of the groove portion along the circumference of the outer element (103) is greater than the dimension of the protrusion portion along the circumference of the inner element (102), so that the protrusion can rotate around the axis of the inner element (102) in the groove portion.

4. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end face of the protrusion facing the first-stage planetary gear set (11) includes at least a first curved surface, and the surface of the groove portion facing the protrusion includes at least a second curved surface, and the shapes of the first curved surface and the second curved surface match, so that the rotational movement of the protrusion in the groove portion around the axis of the inner element (102) can cause the outer element (103) to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotary drive member.

5. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first elastic element (104) is provided between the first-stage sun gear (111) and the outer element (103), and the first elastic element (104) biases the outer element (103) toward the inner element (102).

6. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that: A joint portion is provided on the end face of the outer element (103) on the side facing the first-stage planetary gear set (11), and a joint portion is provided on the end face of the first-stage sun gear (111) on the side facing the outer element (103). The joint portion on the outer element (103) can be combined with the joint portion on the first-stage sun gear (111), so that the first-stage sun gear (111) is combined with the outer element (103).

7. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable connection between the drive disc (105) and the outer element (103) allows the drive disc (105) to move axially relative to the inner rotary drive member along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotary drive member.

8. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that: A connecting portion is provided on the end surface of the outer element facing the driving disk (105), and a connecting portion is provided in the end surface of the driving disk (105) facing the outer element (103). The connecting portion on the outer element can be combined with the connecting portion on the driving disk (105), so that the driving disk (105) can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer element (103) and can move axially relative to the inner rotating driving member along the longitudinal axis of the inner rotating driving member.

9. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second elastic element (106) is provided between the inner element (102) and the driving disc (105), and the second elastic element (106) biases the driving disc (105) toward the power output element.

10. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The end surface of the driving disc (105) on the side facing the power output element includes at least a third curved surface, and the surface of the power output element facing the driving disc (105) includes at least a fourth curved surface, and the third curved surface and the fourth curved surface match in shape, so that when the load on the power output element is less than a predetermined load, the driving disc (105) rotates together with the power output element, and when the load on the power output element is greater than the predetermined load, the driving disc (105) is disengaged from the power output element.

11. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A friction plate is provided on the end surface of the driving disc (105) on the side facing the power output element; and / or a friction plate is provided on the surface of the power output element facing the driving disc (105), so that when the load on the power output element is less than a predetermined load, the driving disc (105) rotates together with the power output element, and when the load on the power output element is greater than the predetermined load, the driving disc (105) is disengaged from the power output element.

12. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The clutch between the driving disc (105) and the power output element is achieved through a magnetic clutch.

13. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The planetary gear reduction mechanism also includes a second-stage planetary gear set (12), which includes a second-stage sun gear (121), a second-stage ring gear, a second-stage planet carrier and a plurality of second-stage planetary gears, wherein the second-stage sun gear (121) serves as the power output element, and the second-stage planet carrier serves as the power output element of the next stage.

14. The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The planetary gear reduction mechanism also includes a third-stage planetary gear set (13), which includes a third-stage sun gear, a third-stage ring gear, a third-stage planet carrier and a plurality of third-stage planet gears, wherein the second-stage planet carrier is fixedly connected to the third-stage sun gear.

15. An electric winch with an automatic speed change assembly (1), characterized in that: The electric winch comprises: The automatic transmission assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14; an actuating device connected to an inner rotating drive member of the automatic transmission assembly (1); A roller (3) directly or indirectly connected to the power output element; and Casing (2).

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