Proximal femur intramedullary nail guide needle guider
By designing a proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide guide with elastic guide and adjustment line, the problem of fracture end passes due to difficulty in controlling the direction of the guide needle, and the guide needle is successfully passed through the fracture end in the medullary cavity, reducing surgical trauma and time.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510228668.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
AI Technical Summary
When the intermediate guide needle is inserted from the apex of the large trochanter into the distal medullary cavity of the femur, it is difficult to control the direction of the guide needle, causing the guide needle to penetrate from the fractured end, causing the problem of great surgical trauma and long surgical time.
A proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide guide is designed, including a guide device, a catheter and a control member. The guide device consists of an elastic guide and an adjusting line. The bending of the elastic guide and the guide needle is controlled through the adjustment device to ensure that the guide needle passes through the fractured end along the correct path.
The bending of the elastic guide is controlled by the adjustment device, so as to prevent the guide needle from passing out of the fractured end, so that the guide needle can pass through the fractured end smoothly in the medullary cavity, reducing surgical trauma and time.
Smart Images
Figure CN119908827A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical instruments, and in particular to a proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide needle guide. Background Art
[0002] The greater trochanter of the femur is also called the greater trochanter. It is located on the upper and outer sides of the junction of the femoral neck and the femoral body, forming a square bulge. Intertrochanteric fractures, also known as intertrochanteric fractures, are common in elderly patients with osteoporosis. They can occur when the lower limbs are suddenly twisted, when they fall, when they are forcefully adducted or abducted, or when they are hit by direct external force. Most fractures are comminuted and require surgical reduction and internal fixation. Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur.
[0003] The proximal femoral spiral blade anti-rotation intramedullary nail (PFNA) is a new proximal femoral internal fixation system and a newly improved proximal femoral intramedullary nail (PFN) system. On the one hand, it inherits the advantages of the original proximal femoral intramedullary nail, and on the other hand, it has the outstanding advantage of significantly enhanced anti-rotation ability, further enhancing the stability of the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures. When using PFNA for fracture treatment, firstly, the fracture end 53 is traction-reduced, and then the guide needle 1 is inserted from the apex of the greater trochanter 51 into the intramedullary cavity 53 of the femur 5 and passes through the fracture end 53 (refer to FIG. Figure 1 ), followed by medullary expansion and PFNA implantation.
[0004] Guide pins, also known as bone guide pins, are mainly used for positioning and guiding in fracture internal fixation surgery. They are made of stainless steel or titanium alloy materials and have high strength and hardness. Intertrochanteric fractures are common in elderly patients with osteoporosis, and the fractures may be comminuted. In some patients with intertrochanteric fractures, especially subtrochanteric fractures, the fracture ends will be significantly displaced under the gravity of the gluteus medius, iliopsoas, and limbs on the distal end of the fracture. In the process of inserting the guide pin straight from the apex of the greater trochanter into the distal femoral medullary cavity, the direction of the guide pin is difficult to control, resulting in the problem of the guide pin passing through the fracture end. The prior art requires open reduction and combination with other surgical instruments to guide the guide pin through the fracture end. In addition, multiple fluoroscopy is required in the process of guiding the guide pin through the fracture end, resulting in large surgical trauma and long operation time.
[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the guide needle guide device of the proximal femoral intramedullary nail in the prior art to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention
[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to disclose a proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide needle, which is used to solve the problem in the prior art that during the process of inserting the guide needle from the apex of the greater trochanter into the distal femoral medullary cavity, the direction of the guide needle is difficult to control, resulting in the guide needle passing through the fracture end and being unable to smoothly pass through the fracture end through the intramedullary cavity, thereby causing greater surgical trauma and long operation time.
[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a guide for a proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide needle, comprising: a guide member, the guide member comprising a guide device, a catheter and a control member, the guide device comprising an elastic guide member, the elastic guide member being assembled at one end of the catheter in the length direction, and the guide needle sequentially passes through the catheter and the elastic guide member along the axial direction;
[0008] The control component includes an adjustment wire and an adjustment device. The adjustment device is assembled on one end of the catheter away from the elastic guide member. One end of the adjustment wire is connected to the adjustment device. The other end of the adjustment wire passes through the catheter and the elastic guide member in sequence along a length direction parallel to the guide needle. The adjustment device controls the adjustment wire to drive the elastic guide member and the guide needle inserted in the elastic guide member to bend in a direction offset from the axis.
[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the guide device further comprises a guide end piece, the guide end piece is rotatably connected to the end of the elastic guide piece away from the catheter, and the end of the adjustment line away from the adjustment device passes through the elastic guide piece and is fixed in the guide end piece;
[0010] The adjustment device includes a handle and a control member, the handle is connected to one end of the catheter away from the elastic guide member, the handle has an axially arranged accommodation channel for inserting the guide needle, the adjustment wire is retracted at the control member, and the length of the adjustment wire retracted at the control member is adjusted so that the adjustment wire pulls the guide end member to apply force to the elastic guide member, and the elastic guide member and the guide needle inserted in the elastic guide member are bent in a direction offset from the axis.
[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the elastic guide member includes a first connecting section, a bending portion and a second connecting section arranged in sequence along the length direction, the bending portion includes a plurality of bending sections that are continuously bent along the axial direction to form a mutually staggered state, and the axially adjacent bending sections are separated from each other;
[0012] One end of the first connection section away from the bending portion is rotatably connected to the guide end piece through a flexible connection piece, and one end of the second connection section away from the bending portion is connected to the catheter.
[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the end surface of the first connecting section away from the bending portion is symmetrically provided with two flexible connecting pieces with the diameter as the axis, the catheter is provided with a guide channel for the guide needle to pass through along the axial direction, and the adjustment line is parallel to the guide channel and is passed through the catheter;
[0014] After passing through one end of the elastic guide member connected to the catheter, the adjustment line passes through the second connecting section, several bending parts and the end face of the first connecting section on which the flexible connecting member is installed in sequence parallel to the axis and is fixed in the guide end member. The point where the adjustment line passes through the end face of the first connecting section and the line connecting the two connection points of the flexible connecting members and the end face of the first connecting section are perpendicular to each other.
[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the control member is provided in two groups, and the two groups of adjustment wires are arranged in parallel in the conduit at the upper and lower sides of the guide channel;
[0016] After the two groups of adjustment lines pass through one end of the elastic guide member connected to the catheter, they pass through the second connecting section, several bending parts and the end face of the first connecting section on which the flexible connecting member is installed in sequence parallel to the axis and are fixed in the guide end member. The line connecting the points where the two groups of adjustment lines pass through the end face of the first connecting section is perpendicular to the line connecting the two flexible connecting members and the end face of the first connecting section.
[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the control components of the two groups of control components include a wire-taking rod and an adjusting rod. The handle is located on the upper and lower sides of the accommodating channel and respectively opens an accommodating cavity. The wire-taking rod is inserted into the accommodating cavity perpendicular to the length direction of the accommodating channel. The end of the wire-taking rod away from the accommodating channel passes through the handle and is connected to the adjusting rod. The two groups of adjustment lines are respectively gathered at the two wire-taking rods. The adjusting rod is rotated to make the wire-taking rod rotate in the accommodating cavity to adjust the length of the adjustment line gathered at the wire-taking rod.
[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bending section includes a first rod portion, a second rod portion and a third rod portion, the first rod portion is arranged parallel to the second rod portion, the third rod portion axially connects the first rod portion and the second rod portion, and the connection between the third rod portion, the first rod portion and the second rod portion forms an arc portion.
[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the elastic guide member forms a guide channel along the axial direction for the guide needle to pass through, and the inner diameter of the guide channel is 2.5 to 3 mm.
[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the wall thickness of the elastic guide is 2 mm.
[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the guide end piece forms a guide end face at one end away from the elastic guide piece, the guide needle passes through the guide end face, the diameter of the guide end face is smaller than the diameter of the other end of the guide end piece, and the guide end piece forms a tapered annular side wall.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: after the guide needle passes through the catheter and the elastic guide piece in sequence, the apex of the greater trochanter or a point slightly to the outside is taken as the insertion point of the guide needle. After the ends of the guide needle and the elastic guide piece pass through the greater trochanter and enter the intramedullary cavity, the adjustment device controls the adjustment line to drive the elastic guide piece and the guide needle inserted in the elastic guide piece to bend in a direction offset from the axis to avoid the guide needle from passing through the fracture end, and the needle is continued to be inserted so that the guide needle passes through the fracture end in the medullary cavity, thereby completing the needle insertion step and performing the subsequent medullary expansion and PFNA implantation steps. The bending of the elastic guide piece is controlled by the upper adjustment device, thereby controlling the direction of the guide needle inserted in the elastic guide piece, so as to avoid the guide needle passing through the fracture end due to the difficulty in controlling the direction of the guide needle during the process of directly inserting the guide needle into the intramedullary cavity of the distal femur in the prior art, and the subsequent surgical operation cannot be completed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 The present invention is used to reflect the state of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur and the schematic diagram of the state in which the guide needle in the prior art extends from the top of the trochanter and passes through the fracture (can this schematic diagram be drawn as the fracture displacement is large and the guide needle cannot pass through the fracture end);
[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the guide pin guide for the proximal femoral intramedullary nail of the present invention; (whether the roundness of the front end can be highlighted, because it is inserted into the medullary cavity, and friction will be generated inside the medullary cavity)
[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention for reflecting the state that the adjusting device controls the adjusting wire to drive the elastic guide member and the guide needle inserted in the elastic guide member to bend in a direction offset from the axis;
[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section along FF direction;
[0027] Figure 5 The exploded schematic diagram of the present invention is used to reflect the matching relationship between the guide end piece, the elastic guide piece and the adjustment line;
[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;
[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of middle part B;
[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of middle C;
[0031] Fig. 9 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of the middle D part;
[0032] Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic diagram showing the state of deviation between the guide member and the guide pin in the intramedullary cavity of the femur. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0034] Ginseng Figures 2 to 10 As shown in FIG. 1 , a specific embodiment of a guide needle guide for a proximal femoral intramedullary nail disclosed by the present invention is provided. Compared with the prior art, the present embodiment is designed with a guide member 10 for guiding the guide needle in the direction of the femoral intramedullary cavity. The guide member 10 is specifically composed of a guide device 2, a catheter 3 and a control member 4. After the guide needle 1 passes through the catheter 3 and the elastic guide member 21 in sequence, the apex of the greater trochanter or a slightly outer side thereof is taken as the insertion point of the guide needle. When the end of the guide needle and the elastic guide member passes through the greater trochanter 51 and enters the intramedullary cavity 52 (see FIG. 1 ), the guide needle 1 passes through the greater trochanter 51 and enters the intramedullary cavity 52 (see FIG. 1 ). Figure 1 After that, the adjusting wire 41 is controlled by the adjusting device 42 to drive the elastic guide member 21 and the guide needle 1 inserted in the elastic guide member 21 to bend in a direction offset from the axis O to prevent the guide needle 1 from passing through the fracture end 53, and the needle is continued to be inserted so that the guide needle 1 passes through the fracture end 53 from the intramedullary cavity 52, thereby completing the needle insertion step and withdrawing the guide needle 1 from the femur 5, and performing the subsequent medullary expansion and PFNA implantation steps. The adjusting wire 41 is controlled by the adjusting device 42 to control the bending of the elastic guide member 21, so as to change the direction of the guide needle 1 inserted in the elastic guide member 21, so as to avoid the prior art that the guide needle 1 is directly inserted into the intramedullary cavity of the distal femur (see Figure 1 As shown in the figure, since it is difficult to control the direction of the guide needle 1, which causes the guide needle 1 to pass through the fracture end 53, there is no need to perform the incision in the prior art and use other surgical instruments to guide the guide needle 1 to pass through the fracture end 53 smoothly from the intramedullary cavity 52, so that the surgical trauma is effectively reduced and the difficulty and duration of the operation are significantly reduced.
[0035] Ginseng Figures 2 to 10As shown, in this embodiment, the proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide needle guide (hereinafter referred to as the intramedullary nail guide needle guide) includes a guiding member 10, and the guiding member 10 includes a guiding device 2, a catheter 3 and a control member 4. The guiding device 2 includes an elastic guiding member 21, and the elastic guiding member 21 is assembled at one end of the catheter 3 in the length direction, and the guide needle 1 passes through the catheter 3 and the elastic guiding member 21 in sequence along the axial direction; the control member 4 includes an adjusting wire 41 and an adjusting device 42, and the adjusting device 42 is assembled at the end of the catheter 3 away from the elastic guiding member 21, one end of the adjusting wire 41 is connected to the adjusting device 42, and the other end of the adjusting wire 41 passes through the catheter 3 and the elastic guiding member 21 in sequence along the length direction parallel to the guide needle 1, and the adjusting device 42 controls the adjusting wire 41 to drive the elastic guiding member 21 and the guide needle 1 inserted in the elastic guiding member 21 to bend in a direction offset from the axis O.
[0036] Ginseng Figures 2 to 9 As shown, the guide device 2 also includes a guide end piece 22, which is rotatably connected to the end of the elastic guide member 21 away from the catheter 3, and the end of the adjustment line 41 away from the adjustment device 42 is fixed in the guide end piece 22 after passing through the elastic guide member 21; the adjustment device 42 includes a handle 421 and a control member 422, the handle 421 is connected to the end of the catheter 3 away from the elastic guide member 21, and the handle 421 is axially provided with a receiving channel 4211 for inserting the guide needle 3, the adjustment line 41 is gathered in the control member 422, and the length of the adjustment line 41 gathered in the control member 422 is adjusted to change so that the adjustment line 41 pulls the guide end piece 22 to apply force to the elastic guide member 21, and the elastic guide member 21 and the guide needle 1 passed through the elastic guide member 21 are bent in a direction offset from the axis O.
[0037] Ginseng Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the elastic guide member 21 includes a first connecting section 211, a bending portion 212 and a second connecting section 213 arranged in sequence along the length direction, the bending portion 212 includes a plurality of bending sections 2121 formed by continuous bending along the axial direction to form an interlaced state, and the axially adjacent bending sections 2121 are separated from each other; the bending section 2121 includes a first rod portion 2122, a second rod portion 2123 and a third rod portion 2124, the first rod portion 2122 and the second rod portion 2123 are arranged in parallel, the third rod portion 2124 connects the first rod portion 2122 and the second rod portion 2123 along the axial direction, and the connection between the third rod portion 2124 and the first rod portion 2122 and the second rod portion 2123 forms an arc portion 2125. The end of the first connecting section 211 away from the bending portion 212 is rotatably connected to the guide end member 22 through a flexible connector 2111, and the end of the second connecting section 213 away from the bending portion 212 is connected to the conduit 3.
[0038] Ginseng Figures 4 to 10As shown, two flexible connectors 2111 are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the first connecting section 211 away from the bending portion 212 with the diameter as the axis, and the catheter 3 is provided with a guide channel 31 for the guide needle 1 to pass through along the axial direction, and the adjustment line 41 is arranged in the catheter 3 parallel to the guide channel 31; after the adjustment line 41 passes through one end of the catheter connection 3 connected to the elastic guide member 21, it passes through the second connecting section 213, a plurality of bending portions 212 and the end face of the first connecting section 211 on which the flexible connector 2111 is installed in turn parallel to the axis O and is fixed in the guide end member 22, and the point where the adjustment line 41 passes through the end face of the first connecting section 211 and the line connecting the two flexible connectors 2111 and the end face connection point of the first connecting section 211 are perpendicular to each other.
[0039] Ginseng Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the control member 422 and the adjustment line 41 are both provided in two groups, and the two groups of adjustment lines 41 are arranged in parallel on the upper and lower sides of the guide channel 31 in the conduit 3; after the two groups of adjustment lines 41 pass through one end of the conduit 3 connected to the elastic guide member 21, they pass through the second connecting section 213, a plurality of bending portions 212 and the end face of the first connecting section 211 on which the flexible connecting member 211 is installed in sequence parallel to the axis O and are fixed in the guide end member 22, and the connecting line between the exit points of the two groups of adjustment lines 41 from the end face of the first connecting section 211 and the connecting line between the two flexible connecting members and the end face of the first connecting section are perpendicular to each other. It should be noted that after the two adjustment lines 41 pass through the conduit 3, they pass through the second connecting section 213 and are connected to the guide end member 22. Figure 5 In the manner shown, the rod sequentially passes through a plurality of first rod portions 2122 and second rod portions 2123 constituting the bending portion 212 and then passes out from the end surface of the first connecting section 211 , and is finally fixed in the guide end piece 22 .
[0040] Ginseng Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the two groups of control parts 422 include a wire-taking rod 4221 and an adjusting rod 4222. The handle 421 is located at the upper and lower sides of the accommodating channel 4211, and a accommodating cavity 4212 is respectively opened. The wire-taking rod 4221 is inserted into the accommodating cavity 4212 perpendicular to the length direction of the accommodating channel 4211. The end of the wire-taking rod 4221 away from the accommodating channel 4211 passes through the handle 421 and is connected to the adjusting rod 4222. The two groups of adjusting lines 41 are respectively gathered in the two wire-taking rods 4221. The adjusting rod 4222 is rotated to make the wire-taking rod 4221 rotate in the accommodating cavity 4212 to adjust the length of the adjusting line 41 gathered in the wire-taking rod 4221. It should be noted that the wire take-up rod 4221 is configured to be a structure that can remain stationary in the accommodating chamber 4212 without being subjected to external forces. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the contact between the wire take-up rod 4221 and the handle 421 is threaded, and a protrusion (not shown) can be provided on the wire take-up rod 4221, and concave teeth (not shown) adapted to the protrusion can be provided in the handle 421 to prevent the wire take-up rod 4221 from falling out of the accommodating chamber 4211.
[0041] It should be noted that in clinical practice, if the guide needle 1 can pass through the fracture end 53 in a closed state, when the proximal femoral intramedullary nail (PFNA) is inserted along the needle insertion direction of the guide needle 1, the displaced and angled fracture end 53 can be reset by itself. Therefore, guiding the guide needle 1 through the fracture end 53 in the intramedullary cavity 52 is a key step in the proximal femoral intramedullary nailing surgery. After the guide needle 1 is inserted straight from the top of the greater trochanter 51, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 In the prior art shown, the guide needle 1 cannot smoothly pass through the displaced and angled fracture end 53 in the intramedullary cavity 52. At this time, if the surgeon's manipulation combined with the reduction of the traction bed still cannot ensure that the guide needle 1 smoothly passes through the fracture end, an open reduction is required, and the fracture end 53 is maintained by a bone holder or fixed by a Kirschner wire or titanium cable, and then the guide needle is passed, the medullary is expanded, and the proximal femoral intramedullary nail is implanted. During the operation, an open reduction operation is required, and multiple fluoroscopy operations are performed, which has the problems of large surgical trauma, long operation time, and high surgical difficulty.
[0042] Combine 1 to Figure 3 as well as Figure 6 and Fig.10 As shown, in this embodiment, when it is necessary to guide the guide needle 1 to the intramedullary cavity 52 of the femur 5 and pass through the fractured end 53 after reduction, a straight incision is made about 5 cm above the greater trochanter 51, and the apex or slightly outside of the greater trochanter 51 is taken as the needle insertion point. Under X-ray monitoring, the end of the guide needle 1, the guide end piece 22 and the elastic guide piece 21 are successively extended into the greater trochanter 51 to Fig.10 The direction of the axis O shown in FIG. 5 extends from the top of the greater trochanter 51 into the intramedullary cavity 52, and then Figure 3 The adjusting rod 4222 shown in the figure is rotated on the right side of the axis O, and the adjusting rod 4222 controls the wire-receiving rod 4221 to rotate in the accommodating chamber 4211 so that the adjusting wire 41 connected to the wire-receiving rod 4221 is more wound on the wire-receiving rod 4221, so that the length of the adjusting wire 41 in the catheter 3, the elastic guide member 21 and the guide end member 22 is shortened, and the tension applied by the adjusting wire 41 causes the guide end member 22 to apply pressure to the end surface of the elastic guide member 21 through the flexible connecting member 2111, thereby causing the elastic guide member 21 to move toward Figure 6 The guide pin 1 in the elastic guide member 21 is bent in the intramedullary cavity 52 in a direction away from the edge of the intramedullary cavity 52 and passes through the displaced and angled fracture end 53 (see FIG. Fig.10 shown).
[0043] It should be noted that when the guide member 10 has only one adjustment line 41 arranged parallel to the guide needle 1, it is necessary to keep the control member 422 connected to the adjustment line 41 as a whole under X-ray fluoroscopy and as Fig.10The guide needle 1 and the guide end piece 22 and the elastic guide piece 21 are positioned on the right side of the axis O in the perspective shown in the figure so that the guide needle 1 and the guide end piece 22 and the elastic guide piece 21 extend into the greater trochanter 51, and then the length of the adjustment wire 41 not wound on the wire take-up rod 4221 is shortened according to the above adjustment method so that the elastic guide piece 21 drives the guide needle 1 to Fig.10 The guide member 10 in this embodiment has two adjustment wires 41 located on the upper and lower sides of the guide needle 1, and the two sets of control members 422 are kept located on the left and right sides of the axis O so that the guide needle 1, the guide end member 22 and the elastic guide member 21 extend into the greater trochanter 51, and then the length of the adjustment wire 41 located on the right side of the axis O that is not wound on the wire take-up rod 4221 is shortened according to the above adjustment method so that the elastic guide member 21 drives the guide needle 1 to Fig.10 The guide pin 1 is bent in the direction shown and passes through the fracture end 53. Since the length of the adjustment line 41 on the other side remains unchanged, the length of the side of the elastic guide member 21 through which the adjustment line 41 is passed remains unchanged, so as to achieve the purpose of driving the guide pin 1 through which the elastic guide member 21 is bent.
[0044] In this embodiment, the bending portion 212 of the elastic guide member 21 is composed of a first rod body 2122, a second rod body 2123, and a third rod body 2124, and the first rod body 2122 and the second rod body 2123 are arranged alternately and form a gap and are connected by the third rod body 2124. When the length of the adjustment line 41 that is not wound on the take-up rod 4221 is shortened by rotating the adjustment rod 422, the adjustment line 41 passed by the first rod bodies 2122 and the second rod bodies 2123 applies a pulling force to the guide end member 22, so that the guide end member 22 applies pressure to the end of the first connecting section 211 of the elastic guide member 21 and shortens the distance between the first rod bodies 2122 and the second rod bodies 2123, so that the elastic guide member 21 is in a bent state as a whole, so that the guide needle 1 passing through the guide channel 214 formed by the elastic guide member 21 along the axial direction is bent together with the elastic guide member 21. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first connecting section 211, the entire bending portion 212 and the second connecting section 213 are selected to be integrally formed of a material with a certain rigidity and elasticity (for example, nickel-titanium alloy), and the arc portion 2125 formed at the connection between the third rod body 2124, the second rod body 2123 and the first rod body 2122 has the effect of reducing the sharp portion of the elastic guide member 21, so as to facilitate the insertion of the elastic guide member 21 and the guide needle 1 into the greater trochanter 51 and the intramedullary cavity 52.
[0045] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the flexible connector 2111 is selected as a flexible hinge, and the two flexible connectors 2111 are connected in a Figure 5 and Figure 6The guide end piece 22 is assembled on the end surface of the first connecting section 211 in the manner shown. The guide end piece 22 is formed with a guide end surface 221 at one end away from the elastic guide piece 21, and the guide needle 1 passes through the guide end surface 221. The diameter of the guide end surface 221 is smaller than the diameter of the other end of the guide end piece 22, and the guide end piece 22 forms a tapered annular side wall 222. When the guide needle 1 enters the greater trochanter 51 from the needle insertion point, the tapered annular side wall 222 formed by the guide end piece 22 facilitates guiding the elastic guide piece 21 connected thereto through the flexible connector 2111 to extend into the greater trochanter 51 and the intramedullary cavity 52 and finally pass through the fracture end 53. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the guide end piece 22 and the elastic guide piece 21 are connected by two radially symmetrically distributed flexible connectors 2111. When the guide end piece 22 is subjected to the pulling force from the adjustment line 41, the flexible connector 2111 connected to the guide end piece 22 is elastically deformed and bent, so that the guide end piece 22 can further apply pressure to the end surface of the first connecting section 211 of the elastic guide piece 21 and bend the elastic guide piece 21 as a whole, so as to achieve the purpose of bending the guide needle 1 inserted into the elastic guide piece 21 and the guide end piece 22.
[0046] Ginseng Figures 2 to 10 As shown, the inner diameter of the guide channel 214 formed along the axial direction of the elastic guide member 21 is 2.5 to 3 mm, and the wall thickness of the elastic guide member 21 is 2 mm. It should be noted that the diameter of the guide needle 1 is usually 2 to 3 mm and the length is 15 mm. Therefore, in this embodiment, the inner diameter range of the guide channel 214 is set to 2.5 to 3 mm. Specifically, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the guide channel 214 is set to 3 mm so that the guide needle 1 can pass smoothly. It should be noted that the inner diameter of the guide channel 31 formed in the catheter 3 is consistent with the guide channel 214 and is also 3 mm. Further, the wall thickness of the elastic guide member 21 is 2 mm, and the wall thickness of the catheter 3 is consistent with the elastic guide member 21 and is also 2 mm. In addition, the length of the elastic guide member 21 in this embodiment is 10 cm. That is, the outer diameter of the entire guide member 10 in this embodiment is 7 mm, which can be smoothly extended into the greater trochanter 51 from the needle insertion point together with the guide needle 1, and is suitable for the introduction of the guide needle for intertrochanteric fractures of the femur. The catheter 3 is set to a length of 10 cm consistent with the elastic guide member 21. It should be noted that the intramedullary nail guide in this embodiment can also be applied to femoral shaft fractures (not shown). The length of the catheter 3 is adaptively extended, and the guide needle 1 is extended from the insertion point into the intramedullary cavity 52 of the femur 5, and then the guide needle 1 is bent. The specific operation process is consistent with the above and will not be repeated here until the guide needle 1 passes through the fracture end of the femoral shaft.
[0047] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation methods or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.
[0049] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A guide needle guide for a proximal femoral intramedullary nail, characterized in that: include: A guide member, the guide member comprising a guide device, a catheter and a control member, the guide device comprising an elastic guide member, the elastic guide member being assembled at one end of the catheter in the length direction, and the guide needle sequentially passes through the catheter and the elastic guide member along the axial direction; The control component includes an adjustment wire and an adjustment device. The adjustment device is assembled on one end of the catheter away from the elastic guide member. One end of the adjustment wire is connected to the adjustment device. The other end of the adjustment wire passes through the catheter and the elastic guide member in sequence along a length direction parallel to the guide needle. The adjustment device controls the adjustment wire to drive the elastic guide member and the guide needle inserted in the elastic guide member to bend in a direction offset from the axis.
2. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide needle guide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide device further comprises a guide end piece, the guide end piece is rotatably connected to the end of the elastic guide piece away from the catheter, and the end of the adjustment line away from the adjustment device passes through the elastic guide piece and is fixed in the guide end piece; The adjustment device includes a handle and a control member, the handle is connected to one end of the catheter away from the elastic guide member, the handle has an axially arranged accommodation channel for inserting the guide needle, the adjustment wire is retracted at the control member, and the length of the adjustment wire retracted at the control member is adjusted so that the adjustment wire pulls the guide end member to apply force to the elastic guide member, and the elastic guide member and the guide needle inserted in the elastic guide member are bent in a direction offset from the axis.
3. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide needle guide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic guide member comprises a first connecting section, a bending portion and a second connecting section arranged in sequence along the length direction, the bending portion comprises a plurality of bending sections which are continuously bent along the axial direction to form a mutually staggered state, and the axially adjacent bending sections are separated from each other; One end of the first connection section away from the bending portion is rotatably connected to the guide end piece through a flexible connection piece, and one end of the second connection section away from the bending portion is connected to the catheter.
4. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide needle guide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end surface of the first connecting section away from the bending portion is symmetrically provided with two flexible connecting pieces with the diameter as the axis, the catheter is provided with a guide channel for the guide needle to pass through along the axial direction, and the adjustment line is parallel to the guide channel and is passed through the catheter; After passing through one end of the elastic guide member connected to the catheter, the adjustment line passes through the second connecting section, several bending parts and the end face of the first connecting section on which the flexible connecting member is installed in sequence parallel to the axis and is fixed in the guide end member. The point where the adjustment line passes through the end face of the first connecting section and the line connecting the two connection points of the flexible connecting members and the end face of the first connecting section are perpendicular to each other.
5. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide needle guide according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control member and the adjustment wire are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of adjustment wires are arranged in parallel in the conduit and on the upper and lower sides of the guide channel; After the two groups of adjustment lines pass through one end of the elastic guide member connected to the catheter, they pass through the second connecting section, several bending parts and the end face of the first connecting section on which the flexible connecting member is installed in sequence parallel to the axis and are fixed in the guide end member. The line connecting the points where the two groups of adjustment lines pass through the end face of the first connecting section is perpendicular to the line connecting the two flexible connecting members and the end face of the first connecting section.
6. The guide needle guide for proximal femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control parts of the two groups of control components include a wire take-up rod and an adjusting rod. The handle is located on the upper and lower sides of the accommodating channel and respectively opens an accommodating cavity. The wire take-up rod is inserted into the accommodating cavity perpendicular to the length direction of the accommodating channel. The end of the wire take-up rod away from the accommodating channel passes through the handle and is connected to the adjusting rod. The two groups of adjustment wires are respectively gathered at the two wire take-up rods. The adjusting rod is rotated to make the wire take-up rod rotate in the accommodating cavity to adjust the length of the adjustment wire gathered at the wire take-up rod.
7. The guide needle guide for proximal femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bending section includes a first rod portion, a second rod portion and a third rod portion, the first rod portion is arranged in parallel with the second rod portion, the third rod portion axially connects the first rod portion and the second rod portion, and the connection between the third rod portion, the first rod portion and the second rod portion forms an arc portion.
8. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide needle guide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic guide member forms a guide channel along the axial direction for the guide needle to pass through, and the inner diameter of the guide channel is 2.5-3 mm.
9. The guide needle guide for proximal femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wall thickness of the elastic guide is 2 mm.
10. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail guide needle guide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide end piece forms a guide end face at one end away from the elastic guide piece, and the guide needle passes through the guide end face. The diameter of the guide end face is smaller than the diameter of the other end of the guide end piece, and the guide end piece forms a tapered annular side wall.