UV frequency band hectowatt-level bi-directional coupling and digital detector

Abstract

The invention discloses a UV frequency band hectowatt-level bi-directional coupling and digital detector which comprises a bi-directional coupler and a detector circuit. A forward coupling signal FD and a reverse coupling signal RD of the bi-directional coupler are output to the detector circuit through a cable, and when a power value P0 is input into the bi-directional coupler, the coupling degree C of the coupler is gradually increased along with the increase of the working frequency f; the detector circuit comprises a digital detection circuit and a detection digital compensation circuit. The digital detection circuit is configured to process an input coupler signal through a detector and then output a detection voltage, and the detection voltage is a line segment having a fixed slope with the frequency within the frequency band range of the detector; the detection digital compensation circuit is configured to perform operation compensation on input detection voltage after voltage division and isolation of a first-stage operational amplifier so as to realize one-to-one trend of the detection voltage in a passband, and the requirements of modern digital communication for high efficiency, stability and accuracy are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of radio frequency technology, and particularly relates to a UV-band hundred-watt dual directional coupler and digital detector. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of digital communication technology, the requirements for the transmission distance, accuracy, and miniaturization of communication systems are becoming increasingly urgent. This background has prompted power amplifier devices, as the core components of communication systems, to demonstrate the ability to handle a wide spectrum, efficient power transmission, and ensure extremely high stability during continuous high-power operation. Achieving high-power and high-reliability operation not only depends on the excellent design of each stage of power amplification but also relies on an innovative new type of miniaturized directional coupling detector. This detector needs to have excellent performance such as a wide frequency band, strong power-carrying capacity, low loss characteristics, and small output fluctuations, making it one of the key technologies to promote the improvement of communication system efficiency.

[0003] Directional couplers are mainly divided into two categories: lumped parameter type and distributed parameter type, each with different characteristics and limitations:

[0004] ① Lumped parameter type directional couplers, represented by ferrite (commonly known as magnetic rings). The saturation magnetization intensity of this type of coupler will change due to temperature fluctuations, thus affecting the coupling degree and isolation degree. Its inherent disadvantages include: poor output linearity, limited power-carrying capacity, relatively high power consumption, and strict requirements for heat dissipation, which limit its application in certain scenarios.

[0005] ② Distributed parameter directional couplers. Compared with lumped parameter type couplers, it overcomes the above disadvantages and has the advantages of high output linearity, strong power-carrying capacity, low power consumption, and less affected by temperature changes. However, when applied to the high-bandwidth UV band, the coupling degree of distributed parameter couplers is limited by the octave and wavelength, resulting in a significant difference in the coupling degree between the high and low frequency bands of the coupler in a high-bandwidth environment. In addition, this type of coupler has a large fluctuation in the band and a relatively large volume, which are its most significant defects.

[0006] Therefore, the mainstream directional coupler designs on the current market have their own advantages and disadvantages, and it is difficult to meet the modern digital communication requirements for hundred-watt power, low loss, high reliability, and high precision in the large-bandwidth UV band. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to disclose a UV-band hundred-watt dual directional coupler and digital detector to meet the requirements of modern digital communication for efficiency, stability, and accuracy in order to overcome the problems of the prior art.

[0008] The purpose of this application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A UV - band hundred - watt - level dual - directional coupler and digital detector, the dual - directional coupler and digital detector comprising: a dual - directional coupler and a detector circuit;

[0010] The dual - directional coupler includes a radio - frequency input interface and a radio - frequency output interface. The forward - coupled signal FD and the reverse - coupled signal RD of the dual - directional coupler are output to the detector circuit through a cable. When the input power value is P0, the coupling degree C of the coupler gradually increases as the operating frequency f increases;

[0011] The detector circuit includes: a digital detection circuit and a detection digital compensation circuit;

[0012] The digital detection circuit is configured to output a detection voltage after processing the input coupler signal through a detector. The detection voltage is a line segment with a fixed slope with respect to the frequency within the detector frequency band;

[0013] The detection digital compensation circuit is configured to perform operational compensation after voltage division and isolation by a first - stage operational amplifier on the input detection voltage to achieve the normalization of the detection voltage within the passband.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the dual - directional coupler is composed of two PCB boards, an upper - layer radio - frequency path board and a lower - layer coupling board, which are arranged one above the other. Screw mounting holes are respectively provided on the two PCB boards, and the two PCB boards are fixedly installed by screws.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the upper - layer radio - frequency path board of the dual - directional coupler is a single - sided PCB board. The surface of the radio - frequency path board is composed of a microstrip line designed to be 50 ohms. Copper is plated at a distance of 1 mm from the microstrip line and connected to the ground through the screw mounting hole.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the lower - layer coupling board of the dual - directional coupler is a single - sided PCB board, and the board surface of the coupling board is composed of a microstrip line designed to be 50 ohms. The two ends of the microstrip line are respectively connected to the ground through a 100 - ohm resistor.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the digital detection circuit is composed of a digital detector AD8362 and related peripheral circuits.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the digital detector AD8362 is a linear broadband detector.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the digital detection circuit is provided with an external 5V power supply interface and a ground interface.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the detection digital compensation circuit steps at 1 MHz within the passband, adjusts the resistance of the digital potentiometer parameter regulator to improve the input voltage division ratio of the operational amplifier, changes the amplification factor of the operational amplifier, and makes the coupled detection voltage approach a horizontal straight line within the full frequency band.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the detection digital compensation circuit is provided with a control interface XS1 for realizing the signal interaction of RS, CLK, CS, and SDI. The digital detection circuit is provided with a detection voltage output interface V_FD and V_RD.

[0022] The main solution of the present application and its various further selection solutions can be freely combined to form multiple solutions, all of which are solutions that can be adopted and claimed in the present application. Those skilled in the art can understand that there are various combinations according to the prior art and common general knowledge after understanding the solution of the present application, all of which are the technical solutions to be protected in the present application and will not be enumerated here.

[0023] Advantages of the present application:

[0024] By utilizing the advantageous technical features such as linear output, high power carrying capacity, low power consumption, and less influence by temperature of the double directional coupler, the present application designs a small-size, hundred-watt-level, low-loss, and high-stability UV-band linear directional coupler; and combines the digital detection technology and the detection voltage digital compensation technology to propose a small-size, hundred-watt-level, low-loss, and high-flatness UV-band directional coupler integrated with detection, namely, a double directional coupler and digital detector, effectively solving the blank of the hundred-watt-level, highly reliable, high-flatness, and low-loss radio frequency directional coupler and detector in the UV band on the market, and providing a power detection component for high-power amplifier devices above hundred watts in the UV band. Description of the drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the hundred-watt-level double directional coupler and digital detector in the UV band of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the change relationship between the distributed parameter coupling degree C and the frequency f;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the change relationship between the voltage V-FD1 output by the digital detector detection and the frequency f

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the coupled detection voltage V-FD processed by digital compensation and the frequency f. Specific embodiments

[0029] The following describes the implementation manners of the present application through specific specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in this specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0030] It should be noted that: Similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0031] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", etc. do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or hanging, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0034] In addition, it should be pointed out in the present application that in the present application, if the specific structures, connection relationships, positional relationships, power source relationships, etc. involved are not specifically written, then the structures, connection relationships, positional relationships, power source relationships, etc. involved in the present application are all known to those skilled in the art on the basis of the prior art without creative labor.

[0035] In the UV band, there are mainly two types of directional couplers: lumped-parameter type and distributed-parameter type. ① The lumped-parameter directional coupler has problems such as poor linearity of coupled output, insufficient power-carrying capacity, high power consumption, and high heat dissipation requirements. ② The distributed-parameter coupler is used in the high-bandwidth UV band. The coupling degree is limited by the octave, resulting in a very large difference in the coupling degree between the high and low bands of the directional coupler in a high-bandwidth usage environment. High in-band fluctuations and large size are its biggest defects. The advantages and disadvantages of the two types of directional couplers are obvious, and none of them can simultaneously meet the requirements of stable operation at a power level above 100 watts for a long time in high-temperature and high-humidity environments while maintaining high flatness and low-loss output.

[0036] To solve the above technical problems, the present application invented a 100-watt dual directional coupler and digital detector in the UV band. Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the dual directional coupler and digital detector includes: a dual directional coupler and a detector circuit.

[0037] Preferably, the dual directional coupler includes a radio frequency input interface Power_in and a radio frequency output interface Power_out. The forward coupling signal FD and the reverse coupling signal RD of the dual directional coupler are output to the detector circuit through a cable. As Figure 2 : When a specific power value P0 is input to the dual directional coupler, the coupling degree C of the dual directional coupler gradually increases as the operating frequency f increases.

[0038] Specifically, the inside of the coupler consists of the upper and lower PCBs of two parts: a radio frequency path board and a coupling board. Five screw holes are designed on the upper and lower PCB boards, and the two boards are installed in the structure through five screws.

[0039] Among them, the upper PCB board is a radio frequency path board, which is composed of a single-sided PCB board: The A side of the PCB is composed of a microstrip line designed to be 50 ohms. The copper plating is separated from the microstrip line by 1 mm and connected to the ground through the screw mounting holes.

[0040] The lower PCB board is a coupling board, which is designed to be composed of a single-sided PCB board: The A side of the PCB is composed of a microstrip line designed to be 50 ohms. The two ends of the microstrip line are respectively connected to the ground through a 100-ohm resistor.

[0041] Preferably, the detector circuit includes: a digital detection circuit and a detection digital compensation circuit. The digital detection circuit is provided with an external 5V power supply interface and a ground interface. The detection digital compensation circuit is provided with a control interface XS1, and the control interface is used to realize the signal interaction of RS, CLK, CS, and SDI. The digital detection circuit is provided with a detection voltage output interface V_FD and V_RD.

[0042] Preferably, the digital detection circuit is configured to output a detection voltage after processing the input coupler signal through a detector, and the detection voltage is a line segment with a fixed slope with respect to frequency within the detector frequency band.

[0043] Specifically, the digital detection circuit consists of a digital detector AD8362 and related peripheral circuits. The output of the linear coupler signal is detected by a linear, wide dynamic range detector AD8362 with a root mean square response, and the output voltage of the detector within the frequency band is approximately a line segment with a certain slope between frequency and voltage. As Figure 3 shown, the digital detector AD8362 is a linear broadband detector, and the detection voltage also follows the increase of the coupler signal, outputting an approximately slanted line segment.

[0044] Preferably, the detection digital compensation circuit is configured to perform operational compensation on the input detection voltage after voltage division isolation by a first-stage operational amplifier to achieve the normalization of the detection voltage within the passband.

[0045] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 , the detection digital compensation circuit steps at 1 MHz within the passband, adjusts the resistance of the digital potentiometer parameter adjuster to improve the input voltage division ratio of the operational amplifier, and changes the amplification factor of the operational amplifier, so that the coupled detection voltage within the entire frequency band approaches a horizontal straight line, ultimately ensuring the output flatness index of the coupled detector.

[0046] By utilizing the advantageous technical features such as linear output, high power carrying capacity, low power consumption, and less affected by temperature of the double directional coupler, this application designs a small-sized, hundred-watt-level, low-loss, and high-stability UV-band linear directional coupler; and combines digital detection technology and detection voltage digital compensation technology to propose a small-sized, hundred-watt-level, low-loss, and high-flatness UV-band directional coupler and detector integrated with double directional coupling and digital detection, effectively solving the blank of the hundred-watt-level, highly reliable, high-flatness, and low-loss radio frequency directional coupler and detector in the UV band on the market, and providing a power detection component for high-power amplifier devices above the hundred-watt level in the UV band.

[0047] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A UV band 100W dual directional coupler and digital detector, characterized in that: The dual directional coupler and digital detector comprises: a dual directional coupler and a detector circuit; The dual directional coupler comprises a radio frequency input interface and a radio frequency output interface. The forward coupling signal FD and the reverse coupling signal RD of the dual directional coupler are output to the detector circuit through a cable. When the input power value of the dual directional coupler is P0, the coupling degree C of the coupler gradually increases as the operating frequency f increases. The detector circuit comprises: a digital detection circuit and a detection digital compensation circuit; The digital detection circuit is configured to process the input coupler signal through a detector and then output a detection voltage, wherein the detection voltage is a line segment having a fixed slope with respect to the frequency within the frequency band of the detector; The detection digital compensation circuit is configured to perform calculation compensation on the input detection voltage after voltage division and isolation by a first-stage operational amplifier to achieve uniformity of the detection voltage within the passband.

2. The UV band 100W dual directional coupler and digital detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The dual directional coupler is composed of two PCB boards, a radio frequency path board and a coupling board, which are arranged up and down. Screw mounting holes are respectively provided on the two PCB boards, and the two PCB boards are fixedly mounted by screws.

3. The UV band 100W dual directional coupler and digital detector as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The upper RF path board in the dual directional coupler is a single-sided PCB board. The surface of the RF path board is composed of a microstrip line designed to be 50 ohms, and the copper clad and screw mounting holes are connected to the ground at a distance of 1mm from the microstrip line.

4. The UV band 100W dual directional coupler and digital detector as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The lower coupling board in the dual directional coupler is a single-sided PCB board, and the board surface of the coupling board is composed of a microstrip line designed to be 50 ohms, and both ends of the microstrip line are connected to the ground through a 100 ohm resistor respectively.

5. The UV band 100W dual directional coupler and digital detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The digital detection circuit is composed of a digital detector AD8362 and related peripheral circuits.

6. The UV band 100W dual directional coupler and digital detector as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The digital detector AD8362 is a linear broadband detector.

7. The UV band 100W dual directional coupler and digital detector as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The digital detection circuit is provided with an external 5V power supply interface and a grounding interface.

8. The UV band 100W dual directional coupler and digital detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The detection digital compensation circuit takes 1MHz as a step in the passband, and improves the input voltage divider ratio of the operational amplifier by changing the resistance of the digital potential parameter adjuster, thereby changing the operational amplifier gain, so as to achieve the coupling detection voltage in the full frequency band approaching a horizontal straight line.

9. The UV band 100W dual directional coupler and digital detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The detection digital compensation circuit is provided with a control interface XS1, which is used to realize RS, CLK, CS, SDI signal interaction. The digital detection circuit is provided with detection voltage output interfaces V_FD and V_RD.

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