Dedusting and slag-returning dust monitoring response system matched with broken soft coal bed pneumatic directional drilling

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust removal and slag return dust monitoring response system matched with broken soft coal bed pneumatic directional drilling. The dust removal and slag return dust monitoring response system comprises a matched dust removal device and a slag return dust monitoring system. The matched dust removal device comprises an orifice atomization generation unit, an orifice interference negative pressure pre-pumping unit and a two-stage dust removal unit. The returned slag dust monitoring system comprises an orifice returned slag metering unit and a dust concentration monitoring unit; the orifice atomization generation unit atomizes water and then sends the atomized water to the bottom of the orifice along with high-pressure gas to aggregate dust into particles easy to settle and discharge the particles, and orifice slag-carrying return air is completely sucked into the two-stage dust removal unit by the orifice interference negative pressure pre-pumping unit to remove dust; the orifice slag return metering unit feeds back and adjusts the atomized water amount, and the dust concentration monitoring unit feeds back and adjusts the working parameters of the dust removal unit. According to the invention, dual treatment inside and outside the hole and dust removal effect monitoring are carried out on dust generated by broken soft coal bed gas dynamic directional drilling, working parameters of the dust removal unit are fed back and adjusted, and the dust removal effect is improved on the premise of ensuring normal return of drilling slag in the hole and safe drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine drilling, and relates to a dust removal and slag return dust monitoring and response system for pneumatic directional drilling in soft and broken coal seams. Background Technique

[0002] To ensure the safe production of high-gas coal mines, constructing directional boreholes along the coal seam for pre-draining coal seam gas is an important solution. Due to the limitation of coal seam geological conditions in some coal mines, it is difficult to form holes in soft and broken coal seams by conventional hydraulic directional drilling. At this time, pneumatic directional drilling has significant advantages in hole formation and is gradually promoted and applied. However, since pneumatic directional drilling uses medium and high-pressure air as the power source and slag discharge medium, a large amount of dust is generated when the air returns with slag at the hole mouth, and the diffusion causes a large dust concentration in the drill site, resulting in a harsh construction environment and seriously affecting the safety and health of operators.

[0003] Currently, for the dust diffusion caused by the air returning with slag at the hole mouth, mainly by installing a four-way at the hole mouth, using a rubber sealing ring to seal the gap between the drill pipe and the four-way, and at the same time connecting an ejector flow negative pressure to the upper port of the four-way for drainage and post-treatment. Due to the continuous movement of the drill pipe, the rubber sealing gasket wears quickly and needs to be frequently replaced to maintain the sealing effect. At the same time, to ensure the slag discharge effect in the hole, the outer shape of the drill pipe is mostly spiral grooves or triangular prisms, and the rubber sealing gasket cannot fit tightly with the drill pipe, resulting in air leakage and causing a large amount of dust-carrying air return at the hole mouth to diffuse in the drill site. In addition, due to the limited space in the underground mine, the size of the dust removal device is small, and it is difficult to handle a large amount of high-concentration dust. If it is possible to reduce the generation of dust in the hole at the source on the premise of ensuring drilling safety, it is also a solution idea. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dust removal and slag return dust monitoring and response system for pneumatic directional drilling in soft and broken coal seams, to solve the problem of large dust concentration in the drill site caused by the dust-carrying air return diffusion at the hole mouth in the prior art. At the same time, by adding atomized water mist to the air source to aggregate fine dust in the hole, the concentration of fine dust at the hole mouth is reduced, which is easy to settle, and the dust removal problem is solved at the source.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] A dust removal and slag return dust monitoring and response system for pneumatic directional drilling in soft and broken coal seams includes a supporting dust removal device and a slag return dust monitoring system; the supporting dust removal device includes a hole mouth atomization generating unit, a hole mouth interference negative pressure pre-extraction unit, and a two-stage dust removal unit; the slag return dust monitoring system includes a hole mouth slag return metering unit and a dust concentration monitoring unit;

[0007] The orifice atomization generating unit includes a water tank and a clean water delivery pipeline connected thereto, and further includes an air compressor disposed in the atomization chamber, a narrowed pipeline connected thereto, and a baffle disposed at the outlet of the narrowed pipeline; the clean water delivery pipeline extends into the atomization chamber and communicates with the narrowed pipeline; the air compressor communicates with the atomization air inlet on the atomization chamber; the atomization outlet on the atomization chamber is communicated with the inner through hole of the drill pipe through a pipeline;

[0008] The orifice interference negative pressure pre-pumping unit includes an air compressor and a mixing chamber; the end nozzle of the air compressor is disposed in the mixing chamber, and the mixing chamber is provided with an air outlet and an air inlet; the air inlet is communicated with the upper port of the orifice four-way through a pipeline;

[0009] The two-stage dust removal unit includes a bag filter dust removal assembly and a spray dust removal assembly; the bag filter dust removal assembly includes a filter bag, a dust discharge port at its lower end, and a dust collection box below the dust discharge port; the air inlet end of the filter bag is communicated with the air outlet through a pipeline; the spray dust removal assembly includes a dust collection net located in the dust collection chamber and an atomizing nozzle above it; the inlet of the dust collection chamber is connected to the air outlet end of the bag filter dust removal assembly through a pipeline, a drain port is provided below the dust collection chamber, and the outlet of the dust collection chamber is connected to a gas-water separator through a pipeline;

[0010] The orifice slag return metering unit includes a slag accumulation box, an infrared humidity monitor in the slag accumulation box, and a weight monitor below it; the upper end of the slag accumulation box is communicated with the lower port of the orifice four-way through a pipeline;

[0011] The dust concentration monitoring unit includes a laser dust concentration monitor, which is disposed on a branch pipeline of the pipeline connected to the outlet of the dust collection chamber.

[0012] The present invention further includes the following technical features:

[0013] Specifically, a solenoid valve is provided on the clean water delivery pipeline; the pipeline connected to the inner through hole of the drill pipe is communicated with the drill field high-pressure gas pipeline.

[0014] Specifically, the air compressor compresses the air entering through its gas inlet and then flows out through the narrowed pipeline, generating a negative pressure at the end nozzle of the narrowed pipeline according to the Venturi effect. The orifice return air is sucked into the mixing chamber at the air inlet, and the mixed gas is discharged through the air outlet.

[0015] Specifically, multiple filter bags are provided. The dust-carrying return air discharged from the air outlet passes through multiple filter bags from the air inlet end and is discharged from the air outlet end;

[0016] There are multiple dust collection nets and atomizing nozzles. The atomizing nozzles are communicated with the drill field static pressure water pipe through a pipeline, and a water inlet solenoid valve is provided on this pipeline; the dust-carrying return air after primary filtration passes through multiple atomizing nozzles and is secondarily dust-removed by the dust collection nets and then is discharged from the outlet;

[0017] The gas-water separator is connected to the gas pre-drainage pipeline of the drilling site through the top pipeline; the drain outlet below the dust collection chamber is connected to the drain pipe of the drilling site.

[0018] Specifically, the slag accumulation box air outlet on the slag accumulation box is connected to the branch of the pipeline connected to the air inlet; the slag accumulation box is provided with a slag outlet of the slag accumulation box; the slag accumulation box collects the drill cuttings returned from the lower outlet of the orifice four-way, and the infrared humidity monitor placed in the slag accumulation box and the weight monitor placed at the bottom are used to measure the drill cuttings returned from the hole. According to the monitoring parameters of the infrared humidity monitor and the weight monitor, the flow rate of the solenoid valve on the water tank is controlled through a preset program.

[0019] Specifically, the laser dust concentration monitor monitors the outlet dust concentration in real time. The laser dust concentration monitor also controls the atomization flow rate of the atomizing nozzle through a preset program and automatically prompts whether the filter cloth bag needs to be replaced.

[0020] A method for dust removal and monitoring response of drill cuttings dust using the dust removal and drill cuttings dust monitoring response system for pneumatic directional drilling in soft broken coal seams includes a process of atomizing clean water:

[0021] The air compressor sucks in air from the atomizing air inlet for compression. The compressed gas reaches the end nozzle through the narrowed pipeline. According to the Venturi effect, the flow rate at the nozzle increases and the pressure decreases, sucking in the clean water flowing out through the clean water delivery pipeline controlled by the solenoid valve. The mixture is sprayed at high speed towards the baffle, and splashes around under the high-speed impact and becomes mist-like particles, completing the atomization of clean water.

[0022] The atomized clean water passes through the atomizing outlet and is mixed with the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas pipeline of the drilling site through a reserved tee. It enters the inside of the drill pipe through a high-pressure hose connected to the water braid and is discharged from the drill bit through the pneumatic screw motor. During the drilling process in the hole, a large amount of dust is generated. After the atomized water is discharged from the bottom of the hole, it flows towards the orifice together with the slag-carrying return air. During the flowing process, it can aggregate the fine dust into particles, which is easy to settle at the orifice, reducing the concentration of fine dust at the orifice and solving the dust removal problem from the source.

[0023] Specifically, it also includes a process of over-inflated negative pressure pre-pumping at the orifice:

[0024] The over-inflated negative pressure pre-pumping unit at the orifice has a pre-pumping volume greater than the return air volume at the orifice, which can change the gas flow direction at the rear orifice of the orifice four-way to suck air into the four-way, avoiding the diffusion of return air carrying dust; the air compressor sucks in air from the gas inlet for compression. The compressed gas reaches the end nozzle through the narrowed pipeline. According to the Venturi effect, the flow rate at the end nozzle increases and the pressure decreases, generating a negative pressure area; the upper orifice of the orifice four-way and the return air from the slag accumulation box air outlet converge and are sucked into the negative pressure area through the inlet of the mixing chamber, and are discharged through the exhaust outlet of the mixing chamber, realizing that all the return air at the orifice enters the two-stage dust removal device, preventing it from diffusing to the drilling site and polluting the working environment.

[0025] Specifically, it also includes a two-stage dust removal process:

[0026] The dust-carrying return air flowing out from the air outlet of the mixing chamber enters the bag filter dust removal assembly through the air inlet end. After primary filtration and dust removal by multiple filter bags, it is discharged from the air outlet end; the dust collected by the filter bags regularly enters the dust collection box through the openable and closable dust discharge port.

[0027] The dust-carrying return air after primary filtration discharged from the air outlet end of the bag filter dust removal assembly enters the spray dust removal assembly through the inlet. The static pressure water pipe in the drilling site enters the atomizing nozzle through a tee and the inlet solenoid valve, and secondary dust removal is carried out through multiple-stage atomization and collection by the dust collection net; the sewage generated by spraying enters the drain pipe in the drilling site through the drain port; the return air passing through the two-stage dust removal unit enters the gas-water separator through the pipeline and is sucked into the gas drainage pipeline of the drilling site from the upper port of the gas-water separator.

[0028] Specifically, it also includes a process for monitoring and responding to returned slag dust:

[0029] The lower port of the orifice four-way is connected to the slag accumulation box to collect the returned slag in the hole. A slag discharge port is opened on the side of the slag accumulation box for slag discharge. The slag accumulation box is placed on the weight monitor. The humidity of the returned slag is monitored by the infrared humidity monitor built into the slag accumulation box. At the same time, the amount of returned slag per drill pipe is measured to comprehensively judge whether the returned slag in the hole is normal; on the premise of ensuring normal returned slag volume, the amount of atomized clear water is continuously increased until the critical point is reached; the infrared humidity monitor and the weight monitor control the flow rate of the solenoid valve on the water tank according to the measurement results according to the preset program, and automatically adjust the amount of water sent to the orifice atomization generating unit to ensure the sedimentation effect of fine dust.

[0030] The dust concentration monitoring unit monitors the dust concentration at the outlet of the spray dust removal assembly in real time through a laser dust concentration monitor. According to the dust concentration, the solenoid valve at the water inlet of the atomizing nozzle pipe is controlled through a preset program, and the atomization flow rate is automatically adjusted and it is automatically prompted whether the filter bag needs to be replaced to ensure the dust removal effect.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0032] (1) By designing the orifice atomization generating unit, the orifice interference negative pressure pre-pumping unit, the two-stage dust removal unit, the orifice returned slag metering unit, and the dust concentration monitoring unit, the present invention reduces the dust concentration of the air return at the orifice of the pneumatic directional drilling while ensuring normal returned slag and safe drilling in the hole. Through the orifice interference negative pressure pre-pumping, all the dust-carrying return air is sent into the two-stage dust removal device to prevent it from spreading to the drilling site and affecting the safety and health of the operators.

[0033] (2) The present invention atomizes clear water through the orifice atomization generating unit and sends it to the bottom of the hole along with high-pressure gas, polymerizes the fine dust generated during drilling at the bottom of the hole into easily sedimentable particles and discharges them from the hole. Using low-cost and pollution-free clear water to reduce the dust concentration of the air return at the orifice from the source, and proposes a new idea for in-hole dust removal.

[0034] (3) The greater the atomized water volume at the orifice, the better the effect of aggregating and settling fine dust in the hole. However, if the atomized water volume is too large, it will cause the dust to aggregate and settle in the hole, thus affecting the slag discharge. The accumulated slag will lead to accidents such as hole jamming and drill sticking. To ensure the normal operation of pneumatic directional drilling, the humidity and weight of the returned drill cuttings are measured through the orifice return slag metering unit, and whether the return slag in the hole is normal is judged based on the measurement results. The infrared humidity monitor and weight monitor can control the flow rate of the solenoid valve on the water tank according to the preset program based on the measurement results, automatically adjust the water volume fed into the orifice atomization generating unit, and appropriately use atomized clear water on the premise of ensuring normal return slag volume to ensure the settling effect of fine dust.

[0035] (4) Through the orifice interference negative pressure pre-extraction unit of the present invention, all the orifice return air is sucked into the two-stage dust removal unit with a pre-extraction capacity greater than the orifice return air volume, completely abandoning the previous conventional idea of sealing and blocking air, and there is no need to consider the problem of dust diffusion caused by air leakage due to poor rubber sealing of the orifice four-way. It not only avoids the influence on drilling efficiency and material waste caused by frequent replacement of rubber sealing rings, but also effectively guarantees a good working environment without dust in the drill site.

[0036] (5) The present invention monitors the dust concentration after two-stage dust removal in real time through the dust concentration monitoring unit. According to the detected dust concentration, the solenoid valve installed on the atomizing nozzle pipe is controlled through the preset program to automatically adjust the atomization flow rate, and at the same time, it automatically prompts whether the filter bag needs to be replaced to ensure the dust removal effect. Description of the Drawings

[0037] Figure 1 It is a system composition diagram of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the orifice atomization generating unit.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the orifice interference negative pressure pre-extraction unit.

[0040] The meanings of the various labels in the figure are as follows:

[0041] 1 - Water tank; 2 - Solenoid valve; 3 - Clear water delivery pipeline; 4 - Atomization air inlet; 5 - Air compressor; 6 - Narrowing pipeline; 7 - Baffle; 8 - Atomization outlet; 9 - Drilling site high-pressure gas pipeline; 10 - Orifice pipe; 11 - Orifice flange; 12 - Orifice four-way; 13 - Gas inlet; 14 - Air compressor; 15 - Mixing chamber; 16 - End nozzle; 17 - Air outlet; 18 - Air inlet; 19 - Inlet end; 20 - Filter cloth bag; 21 - Dust discharge port; 22 - Dust collection box; 23 - Outlet end; 24 - Inlet; 25 - Dust collection net; 26 - Atomizing nozzle; 27 - Inlet water solenoid valve; 28 - Drilling site static pressure water pipe; 29 - Outlet; 30 - Drainage port; 31 - Laser dust concentration monitor; 32 - Gas-water separator; 33 - Drilling site gas pre-drainage pipeline; 34 - Drilling site drain pipe; 35 - Dregs box air outlet; 36 - Dregs box; 37 - Dregs box slag outlet; 38 - Infrared humidity monitor; 39 - Weight monitor. Specific implementation mode

[0042] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent transformations made on the basis of the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment:

[0044] As Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a dust removal and slag dust monitoring response system for pneumatic directional drilling in broken soft coal seams, including a dust removal device and a slag dust monitoring system; the dust removal device includes an orifice atomization unit, an orifice excess negative pressure pre-extraction unit and a two-stage dust removal unit; the slag dust monitoring system includes an orifice slag metering unit and a dust concentration monitoring unit. The orifice atomization unit atomizes clean water and then sends it to the bottom of the hole with high-pressure gas, aggregates the fine dust generated by drilling at the bottom of the hole into easily precipitated particles and discharges them into the hole, and the orifice slag return air is completely sucked into the two-stage dust removal unit by the orifice excess negative pressure pre-extraction unit for further dust removal before being discharged; the orifice slag metering unit feedbacks to adjust the orifice atomization water volume, and the dust concentration monitoring unit feedbacks to adjust the working parameters of the two-stage dust removal unit. More specifically, the orifice atomization unit is used to atomize clean water, which is mixed with high-pressure gas through a reserved three-way interface of the high-pressure gas pipeline and sent to the bottom of the hole. The fine dust generated by drilling at the bottom of the hole is aggregated into easily precipitated particles under the action of water mist and discharged from the hole; the orifice excess negative pressure pre-extraction unit sucks the orifice slag return air into the two-stage dust removal unit; the two-stage dust removal unit performs bag filtration and spray dust removal on the dust in the return air before discharging it. The orifice return slag metering unit records the humidity and weight of the drill slag returned from the hole and then adjusts the orifice atomization water volume in a linked manner; the dust concentration monitoring unit monitors the dust concentration at the outlet of the two-stage dust removal unit, and then adjusts the working parameters of the dust removal unit in a linked manner. The present invention performs dual processing inside and outside the hole and monitors the dust removal effect of the dust generated by pneumatic directional drilling in broken soft coal seams. The dust removal effect monitoring result is fed back to adjust the working parameters of the dust removal device, so as to improve the dust removal effect while ensuring the normal return of drill slag in the hole and safe drilling, improve the working environment of the drilling site, and ensure the occupational health of on-site workers.

[0045] The orifice atomization generating unit includes a water tank 1 and a clean water delivery pipe 3 connected thereto, an air compressor 5 arranged in the atomization chamber, a narrowed pipe 6 connected thereto, and a baffle 7 arranged at the outlet of the narrowed pipe 6; the clean water delivery pipe 3 extends into the atomization chamber and is connected to the narrowed pipe 6; the air compressor 5 is connected to an atomization air inlet 4 on the atomization chamber; and an atomization outlet 8 on the atomization chamber is connected to a through hole in a drill rod through a pipe.

[0046] The orifice interference negative pressure pre-extraction unit comprises an air compressor 14 and a mixing chamber 15; the terminal nozzle 16 of the air compressor 14 is arranged in the mixing chamber 15, and the mixing chamber 15 is provided with an air outlet 17 and an air inlet 18; the air inlet 18 is connected to the upper opening of the orifice cross-section 12 through a pipeline.

[0047] Two-stage dust removal unit, including a bag filter dust removal component and a spray dust removal component; the bag filter dust removal component includes a filter bag 20, a dust discharge port 21 at its lower end, and a dust collection box 22 below the dust discharge port 21; the air inlet end 19 of the filter bag 20 is communicated with the air outlet 17 through a pipeline; the spray dust removal component includes a dust collection net 25 located in the dust collection chamber and an atomizing nozzle 26 above it; the inlet 24 of the dust collection chamber is communicated with the air outlet end 23 of the bag filter dust removal component through a pipeline, a drain port 30 is provided below the dust collection chamber, and the outlet 29 of the dust collection chamber is connected to a gas-water separator 32 through a pipeline.

[0048] Orifice slag return metering unit, including a slag accumulation box 36, an infrared humidity monitor 38 and a weight monitor 39 below it; the upper end of the slag accumulation box 36 is communicated with the lower port of the orifice four-way 12 through a pipeline.

[0049] The dust concentration monitoring unit includes a laser dust concentration monitor 31, which is arranged on the branch pipeline of the pipeline connected to the outlet 29 of the dust collection chamber.

[0050] A solenoid valve 2 is provided on the clear water conveying pipeline 3; the pipeline connected to the inner through hole of the drill pipe is communicated with the high-pressure gas pipeline 9 of the drill site; the air compressor 5 compresses the air entering through the atomizing air inlet 4 and forms a high-speed air flow through the narrowed pipeline 6, and converges with the clear water in the conveying pipeline 3 at the end of the narrowed pipeline 6 and is sprayed onto the baffle 7. The clear water splashes around under the high-speed impact and becomes mist-like particles, and is discharged from the atomizing outlet 8 along with the wind to complete the atomization of the clear water. Subsequently, the atomized water mist is sent to the bottom of the hole through the inner through hole of the drill pipe together with the high-pressure gas through the pneumatic screw motor.

[0051] The air compressor 14 compresses the air entering through its gas inlet 13 and flows out through the narrowed pipeline. According to the Venturi effect, a negative pressure is generated at the end nozzle 16 of the narrowed pipeline. The orifice return air is sucked into the mixing chamber 15 at the air inlet 18, and the mixed gas is discharged from the air outlet 17.

[0052] Multiple filter bags 20 are provided. The dust-carrying return air discharged from the air outlet 17 is discharged from the air outlet end 23 after passing through multiple filter bags 20 through the air inlet end 19.

[0053] There are multiple dust collection nets 25 and atomizing nozzles 26. The atomizing nozzles 26 are communicated with the static pressure water pipe 28 of the drill site through a pipeline, and a water inlet solenoid valve 27 is provided on this pipeline; the dust-carrying return air after primary filtration is discharged from the outlet 29 after secondary dust removal through multiple atomizing nozzles 26 and the dust collection net 25.

[0054] The gas-water separator is communicated with the gas pre-drainage pipeline 33 of the drill site through the top pipeline; the drain port 30 below the dust collection chamber is communicated with the drill site drain pipe 34.

[0055] The slag accumulation box air outlet 35 on the slag accumulation box 36 is communicated with a branch of the pipeline connected to the air inlet 18; the slag accumulation box 36 is provided with a slag accumulation box slag outlet 37; the slag accumulation box 36 collects the drill cuttings returned from the lower opening of the orifice four-way 12, and measures the returned slag in the hole through the built-in infrared humidity monitor 38 and the weight monitor 39 placed at the bottom of the slag accumulation box 36. The infrared humidity monitor 38 and the weight monitor 39 simultaneously control the flow rate of the solenoid valve 2 on the water tank 1 through a preset program.

[0056] The laser dust concentration monitor 31 monitors the dust concentration at the outlet 29 in real time. The laser dust concentration monitor 31 simultaneously controls the atomization flow rate of the atomizing nozzle 26 through a preset program and automatically prompts whether the filter cloth bag 20 needs to be replaced.

[0057] The present invention also provides a method for dust removal and monitoring and response of returned slag dust using the above-mentioned dust removal and returned slag dust monitoring and response system for pneumatic directional drilling in soft broken coal seams, including the process of clear water atomization dust removal:

[0058] Clear water from the underground water supply pipeline is added to the water tank 1; the air compressor 5 sucks in air from the atomization air inlet 4 for compression. The compressed gas reaches the end nozzle through the narrowed pipeline. According to the Venturi effect, the flow rate at the nozzle increases and the pressure decreases, sucking in the clear water flowing out through the clear water delivery pipeline controlled by the solenoid valve 2, and spraying the mixture at high speed towards the baffle. Under the high-speed impact, it splashes around and turns into mist-like particles, completing the clear water atomization.

[0059] The atomized water mist is mixed with the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas pipeline 9 of the drill site through the atomization outlet 8 via a reserved tee, enters the inside of the drill pipe through a water braid connected by a high-pressure hose, and is discharged from the drill bit through the pneumatic screw motor; during the drilling process in the hole, a large amount of dust is generated. After the atomized water mist is discharged from the bottom of the hole, it flows towards the hole opening along with the slag-carrying return air. During the flowing process, it can aggregate the fine dust into particles of a certain particle size, which is easy to settle at the hole opening, reducing the concentration of fine dust at the hole opening and solving the dust removal problem from the source.

[0060] The orifice four-way 12 of the borehole is tightly connected to the orifice pipe 10 using the orifice flange 11. After the gap between the orifice pipe 10 and the borehole wall is sealed, the slag-carrying return air in the hole can all flow out through the front opening of the orifice four-way of the borehole; to prevent the slag-carrying return air from spreading at the hole opening and polluting the drill site operation environment, a rubber sealing ring is usually installed at the gap between the rear opening of the orifice four-way 12 of the borehole and the drill pipe. However, due to the wear of the rubber sealing ring and the non-smooth outer shape of the drill pipe designed for slag discharge, the sealing effect is poor.

[0061] It also includes the process of interference negative pressure pre-pumping at the hole opening:

[0062] The orifice interference negative pressure pre-extraction unit has a pre-extraction volume greater than the orifice return air volume, which can change the gas flow direction at the rear port of the four-way joint 12 at the orifice of the borehole to suck air into the four-way joint, avoiding the diffusion of return air carrying dust; the air compressor 14 sucks air from the gas inlet 13 for compression, and the compressed gas reaches the end nozzle 16 through the narrowed pipeline. According to the Venturi effect, the flow velocity at the nozzle of the end nozzle 16 increases and the pressure decreases, generating a negative pressure area; the upper port of the four-way joint 12 at the borehole orifice converges with the return air from the air outlet 35 of the slag accumulation box and is sucked into the negative pressure area through the intake port 18 of the mixing chamber, and is discharged through the exhaust port 17 of the mixing chamber, realizing that all the return air at the orifice enters the two-stage dust removal device to prevent it from spreading to the drill site and polluting the operating environment.

[0063] It also includes a two-stage dust removal process:

[0064] The dust-carrying return air flowing in from the exhaust port 17 of the mixing chamber enters the bag filter dust removal component through the intake end 19, and after primary filtration and dust removal by the multi-stage filter bag 20, it is discharged from the exhaust end 23; the dust collected by the filter bag regularly enters the dust collection box 22 through the openable and closable dust discharge port;

[0065] The dust-carrying return air after primary filtration discharged from the exhaust end 23 of the bag filter dust removal component enters the spray dust removal component through the inlet 24; the static pressure water pipe 28 at the drill site enters the atomizing nozzle 26 through a tee via the inlet solenoid valve 27, and secondary dust removal is carried out through multi-stage atomization and collection by the dust collection net; the sewage generated by spraying enters the drill site drain pipe 34 through the drain port 30; the return air passing through the two-stage dust removal unit enters the gas-liquid separator 32 through the pipeline and is sucked into the gas drainage pipeline 33 at the drill site from the upper port of the gas-liquid separator.

[0066] It also includes a return slag and dust monitoring and response process:

[0067] The slag accumulation box 36 is connected to the lower port of the four-way joint 12 at the borehole orifice to collect the returned slag in the borehole. A slag discharge port 37 is opened on the side of the slag accumulation box 36 for slag discharge. An infrared humidity monitor 38 is installed inside the slag accumulation box 36. At the same time, the slag accumulation box 36 is placed on the weight monitor 39. Whether the returned slag in the borehole is normal is judged by monitoring the slag humidity and measuring the amount of returned slag for each drilled section; on the premise of ensuring normal slag return, the amount of atomized clear water is continuously increased until the critical point is reached (further increasing the amount of clear water will cause excessive aggregation and settlement of dust in the borehole, thus affecting slag discharge and causing accidents such as borehole pressure and sticking), and the critical point changes according to the borehole depth and coal quality; the infrared humidity monitor and the weight monitor control the flow rate of the solenoid valve on the water tank according to the measurement results according to the preset program, automatically adjusting the amount of water sent to the orifice atomization generating unit to ensure the sedimentation effect of fine dust;

[0068] The dust concentration monitoring unit monitors the dust concentration at the outlet 29 of the spray dust removal assembly in real time through the laser dust concentration monitor 31. According to the size of the dust concentration, it controls the water inlet solenoid valve 27 installed on the atomizing nozzle pipe through a preset program, automatically adjusts the atomizing flow rate, and automatically prompts whether the filter cloth bag needs to be replaced to ensure the dust removal effect.

[0069] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0070] In addition, it should be noted that, among the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, they can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not separately describe various possible combination methods.

[0071] Furthermore, any combination can be made between various different embodiments of the present invention, as long as it does not violate the idea of the present invention, and it should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. Pneumatic directional drilling for broken soft coal seams with dust removal and slag dust monitoring response system, characterized by: It includes a matching dust removal device and a slag return dust monitoring system; the matching dust removal device includes an orifice atomization generating unit, an orifice interference negative pressure pre-extraction unit and a two-stage dust removal unit; the slag return dust monitoring system includes an orifice return slag metering unit and a dust concentration monitoring unit; The orifice atomization generating unit comprises a water tank (1) and a clean water delivery pipeline (3) connected thereto, and also comprises an air compressor (5) arranged in the atomization chamber and a narrowed pipeline (6) connected thereto, and a baffle (7) arranged at the outlet of the narrowed pipeline (6); the clean water delivery pipeline (3) extends into the atomization chamber and is connected to the narrowed pipeline (6); the air compressor (5) is connected to an atomization air inlet (4) on the atomization chamber; the atomization outlet (8) on the atomization chamber is connected to a through hole in a drill rod through a pipeline; The orifice interference negative pressure pre-extraction unit comprises an air compressor (14) and a mixing chamber (15); a terminal nozzle (16) of the air compressor (14) is arranged in the mixing chamber (15), and the mixing chamber (15) is provided with an air outlet (17) and an air inlet (18); the air inlet (18) is connected to the upper opening of the orifice cross-section (12) through a pipeline; The two-stage dust removal unit comprises a bag filter dust removal assembly and a spray dust removal assembly; the bag filter dust removal assembly comprises a filter bag (20), a dust discharge port (21) at the lower end thereof, and a dust collection box (22) below the dust discharge port (21); the air inlet (19) of the filter bag (20) is connected to the air outlet (17) through a pipeline; the spray dust removal assembly comprises a dust collection net (25) located in the dust collection chamber and an atomizing nozzle (26) above the dust collection chamber; the inlet (24) of the dust collection chamber is connected to the air outlet (23) of the filter bag dust removal assembly through a pipeline, a drain port (30) is provided below the dust collection chamber, and the outlet (29) of the dust collection chamber is connected to the air-water separator (32) through a pipeline; The orifice return slag metering unit comprises a slag accumulation box (36), an infrared humidity monitor (38) in the slag accumulation box (36) and a weight monitor (39) below the slag accumulation box (36); the upper end of the slag accumulation box (36) is connected to the lower end of the orifice cross-connection (12) through a pipeline; The dust concentration monitoring unit comprises a laser dust concentration monitor (31), which is arranged on a branch of a pipeline connected to an outlet (29) of the dust collecting chamber.

2. The dust removal and slag dust monitoring response system for pneumatic directional drilling in broken soft coal seams according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clean water delivery pipeline (3) is provided with a solenoid valve (2); the pipeline connected to the through hole in the drill rod is connected to the high-pressure gas pipeline (9) in the drilling site.

3. The dust removal and slag dust monitoring response system for pneumatic directional drilling in broken soft coal seams according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air compressor (14) compresses the air entering through its gas inlet (13) and flows out through the narrowed pipe. According to the Venturi effect, negative pressure is generated at the end nozzle (16) of the narrowed pipe, and the orifice return air is sucked into the mixing chamber (15) at the air inlet (18), and the mixed gas is discharged through the air outlet (17).

4. The dust removal and slag dust monitoring response system for pneumatic directional drilling in broken soft coal seams according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filter bag (20) is provided with multiple channels, and the dust-carrying return air discharged from the air outlet (17) passes through the multiple filter bags (20) from the air inlet end (19) and is then discharged from the air outlet end (23); There are multiple dust collecting nets (25) and atomizing nozzles (26), and the atomizing nozzles (26) are connected to the static pressure water pipe (28) of the drilling site through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a water inlet electromagnetic valve (27); the dust-carrying return air is discharged from the inlet (24) after primary filtration through multiple atomizing nozzles (26) and the dust collecting net (25) for secondary dust removal and then discharged from the outlet (29); The gas-water separator (32) is connected to the drilling site gas pre-extraction pipeline (33) through the top pipeline; the drainage port (30) below the dust collecting chamber is connected to the drilling site drainage pipe (34).

5. The dust removal and slag dust monitoring response system for pneumatic directional drilling in broken soft coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag box air outlet (35) on the slag box (36) is connected to a branch of the pipeline connected to the air inlet (18); the slag box (36) is provided with a slag box slag outlet (37); the slag box (36) collects the drilling slag returned from the lower port of the orifice four-way (12), and measures the slag returned in the hole through an infrared humidity monitor (38) placed in the slag box (36) and a weight monitor (39) placed at the bottom, and controls the flow rate of the solenoid valve (2) on the water tank (1) through a preset program according to the monitoring parameters of the infrared humidity monitor (38) and the weight monitor (39).

6. The dust removal and slag dust monitoring response system for pneumatic directional drilling in broken soft coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser dust concentration monitor (31) monitors the dust concentration at the outlet (29) in real time. The laser dust concentration monitor (31) also controls the atomization flow rate of the atomizing nozzle (26) through a preset program and automatically prompts whether the filter bag (20) needs to be replaced.

7. A method for dust removal and slag dust monitoring response using the dust removal and slag dust monitoring response system for pneumatic directional drilling in crushed soft coal seams as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Including water atomization dust removal process: The air compressor sucks in air from the atomizing air inlet for compression. The compressed gas reaches the terminal nozzle through the narrowed pipe. According to the Venturi effect, the flow rate at the nozzle increases and the pressure decreases. The clean water flowing out of the clean water delivery pipe controlled by the solenoid valve is sucked in, mixed and sprayed toward the baffle at high speed. Under high-speed impact, it splashes around and turns into mist particles, completing the clean water atomization. Atomized clean water passes through the atomization outlet through the reserved tee and is mixed with the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas pipeline of the drilling site. It enters the drill pipe through a high-pressure hose connected to the water braid and is discharged from the drill bit through the pneumatic screw motor. A large amount of dust is generated during the drilling process in the hole. After the atomized water is discharged from the bottom of the hole, it flows to the hole mouth together with the slag return air. During the flow process, the fine dust can be aggregated into particles, which are easy to settle at the hole mouth, reducing the concentration of fine dust at the hole mouth, and solving the dust removal problem from the source.

8. The method for dust removal using a dust removal and slag dust monitoring response system for pneumatic directional drilling in a broken soft coal seam as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes the orifice interference negative pressure pre-pumping process: The orifice interference negative pressure pre-extraction unit has a pre-extraction volume that is greater than the orifice return air volume, which can change the gas flow direction at the rear end of the orifice four-way to inhale air into the four-way, thereby avoiding the diffusion of dust carried by the return air; the air compressor inhales air from the gas inlet for compression, and the compressed gas reaches the terminal nozzle through the narrowed pipe. According to the Venturi effect, the flow velocity at the terminal nozzle increases, the pressure decreases, and a negative pressure area is generated; the upper end of the orifice four-way merges with the return air from the slag box outlet and then inhales the negative pressure area through the mixing chamber inlet and is discharged through the mixing chamber exhaust port, so that all the return air from the orifice enters the two-stage dust removal device to prevent it from spreading to the drilling site and polluting the working environment.

9. The method for dust removal using a dust removal and slag dust monitoring response system for pneumatic directional drilling in a broken soft coal seam as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a two-stage dust removal process: The dust-carrying return air flows into the mixing chamber outlet through the air inlet and enters the bag filter dust removal component, and is discharged from the air outlet after the initial filtration and dust removal by the multi-stage filter bags; the dust collected by the filter bags regularly enters the dust collection box through the openable and closable dust discharge port; The dust-carrying return air after the initial filtration is discharged from the air outlet of the bag filter dust removal component and enters the spray dust removal component through the inlet; the static pressure water pipe of the drilling site enters the atomizing nozzle through the three-way and the water inlet solenoid valve, and is collected by multi-stage atomization and dust collection net for secondary dust removal; the sewage generated by spraying enters the drilling site drainage pipe through the drain outlet; the return air from the two-stage dust removal unit enters the gas-water separator through the pipeline, and is sucked into the drilling site gas extraction pipeline from the upper opening of the gas-water separator.

10. The method for dust removal using a dust removal and slag dust monitoring response system for pneumatic directional drilling in a broken soft coal seam as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes the slag dust monitoring response process: The slag box is connected through the lower port of the orifice four-way to collect the slag returned in the hole. A slag port is opened on the side of the slag box for easy slag discharge. The slag box is placed on the weight monitor, and the humidity of the slag returned is monitored by the built-in infrared humidity monitor in the slag box. At the same time, the amount of slag returned after each drilling is measured to comprehensively judge whether the slag returned in the hole is normal; on the premise of ensuring the normal amount of slag returned, the amount of atomized clean water is continuously increased until it reaches the critical point; the infrared humidity monitor and the weight monitor control the flow rate of the solenoid valve on the water tank according to the preset program based on the measurement results, and automatically adjust the amount of water sent to the orifice atomization generating unit to ensure the fine dust sedimentation effect; The dust concentration monitoring unit monitors the dust concentration at the outlet of the spray dust removal component in real time through a laser dust concentration monitor. According to the dust concentration, the water inlet solenoid valve installed on the atomizing nozzle pipe is controlled through a preset program to automatically adjust the atomizing flow rate and automatically prompt whether the filter bag needs to be replaced to ensure the dust removal effect.

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