Compression type metal packer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas reservoir exploitation equipment, in particular to a compression type metal packer which is used for solving the problem that a high-temperature and high-pressure deep well rubber cylinder serving as a sealing element cannot meet operation requirements, and the compression type metal packer comprises a first connector and a second connector which are connected to the upper end and the lower end of a central pipe; a sealing mechanism is arranged in the middle of the central pipe and comprises a metal sealing cylinder, a sealing ring and a sealing ring; the upper sealing cone sleeves the central pipe and is arranged at the upper part of the metal sealing cylinder; the lower sealing cone sleeves the central pipe and is arranged at the lower part of the metal sealing cylinder; the metal sealing cylinder is made of nickel-titanium-based superelastic alloy; the metal sealing cylinder is made of nickel-titanium-based superelastic alloy, annealing treatment is conducted at the temperature of 650 DEG C, thermal circulation and mechanical training are conducted at the temperature above the phase change temperature, the stable mechanical performance is obtained, the ideal deformation rate can be obtained under the small load effect, the setting force and the unsetting force are reduced, and the metal sealing cylinder is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure deep well operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas reservoir production equipment, and particularly to a compression-type metal packer. Background Art

[0002] As an important tool for downhole operations, packers are widely used in all production processes of oil and gas well exploration and development. It mainly consists of upper and lower connectors, setting mechanism, anchoring mechanism, locking mechanism, releasing mechanism, centralizing mechanism, etc. The sealing and isolation functions of the packer are mainly realized by sealing elements, and the performance of the sealing elements directly determines the quality of downhole operations of the packer.

[0003] At present, oil and gas exploitation is developing towards deep wells or even ultra-deep wells with high temperature and high pressure. The traditional packer with a rubber cylinder as the sealing element has disadvantages such as low strength, easy aging, intolerance to high temperature and high pressure, poor corrosion resistance, and short service life, which can no longer meet the operation requirements of high temperature and high pressure wells. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a compression-type metal packer to solve the problem that a rubber cylinder cannot meet the operation requirements in high temperature and high pressure deep wells as a sealing element.

[0005] To alleviate the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A compression-type metal packer includes a central tube, and a first connector and a second connector connected to the upper end and the lower end of the central tube respectively; a sealing mechanism is arranged in the middle of the central tube, and the sealing mechanism includes: a metal sealing cylinder sleeved on the central tube; an upper sealing cone sleeved on the central tube and arranged above the metal sealing cylinder; a lower sealing cone sleeved on the central tube and arranged below the metal sealing cylinder; the metal sealing cylinder is a ring-shaped hollow structure, and the metal sealing cylinder is made of a nickel-titanium-based superelastic alloy and is annealed at 650 °C, and is subjected to thermal cycling and mechanical training above the phase transition temperature; when the upper sealing cone and the lower sealing cone approach, they squeeze the metal sealing cylinder, so that the metal sealing cylinder deforms and expands and abuts against the inner wall of the casing.

[0007] Furthermore, it further includes a setting mechanism, and the setting mechanism includes: an outer tube sleeved on the central tube; a third connector slidably sleeved on the central tube and fitting with the inner wall of the outer tube, and the upper part of the third connector abuts against the lower sealing cone; a piston sliding in the outer tube; a pressure injection hole is opened on the central tube; when injecting pressure into the central tube, the pressure is conducted into the outer tube through the pressure injection hole, thereby pushing the third connector upward and the piston downward.

[0008] Further, the setting mechanism further includes: an adjusting ring sleeved on the central tube and threadedly connected to the first joint, the adjusting ring abuts against the upper sealing cone; a pressure sleeve fixedly sleeved on the central tube, and the upper part of the pressure sleeve is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder.

[0009] Further, the setting mechanism further includes: a locking ring connected to the piston; mating teeth are provided on the outer wall of the locking ring and the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the mating teeth enable the piston to slide unidirectionally inside the outer cylinder.

[0010] Further, the setting mechanism further includes: a split lock sleeved on the central tube; a boss for carrying the locking ring is provided on the outer wall of the split lock; the bottom of the piston abuts against the locking ring and the split lock.

[0011] Further, an anchoring mechanism is further included, and the anchoring mechanism includes: a slip body sleeved on the central tube; a cone slidably sleeved on the central tube, and the bottom of the split lock abuts against the cone; when the cone moves downward, it pushes the slip body to move radially and abut against the inner wall of the casing.

[0012] Further, the anchoring mechanism further includes: a slip seat fixedly sleeved on the central tube, and the slip body is connected to the slip seat.

[0013] Further, a releasing mechanism is further included, and the releasing mechanism includes: a releasing sleeve fixedly sleeved on the central tube; when the slip body abuts against the inner wall of the casing, the tubing string is lifted so that the central tube moves upward, so that the central tube can move upward relative to the releasing sleeve, the slip seat moves downward, and the adjusting ring moves upward, so that the metal sealing cylinder contracts and the slip body contracts.

[0014] Further, the releasing mechanism further includes a connecting tube, and the connecting tube is sleeved on the central tube and fixedly connected to the upper end of the releasing sleeve.

[0015] Further, a shear pin is connected between the releasing sleeve and the central tube; when the shear pin breaks, the releasing sleeve can slide relative to the central tube.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are analyzed as follows:

[0017] A compression type metal packer includes a central tube and a first joint and a second joint connected to the upper end and the lower end of the central tube respectively;

[0018] A sealing mechanism is provided in the middle of the central tube, and the sealing mechanism includes:

[0019] a metal sealing cylinder sleeved on the central tube;

[0020] The upper sealing cone is sleeved on the central pipe and arranged at the upper part of the metal sealing cylinder;

[0021] The lower sealing cone is sleeved on the central pipe and arranged at the lower part of the metal sealing cylinder;

[0022] The metal sealing cylinder is of a ring-shaped hollow structure, and the metal sealing cylinder is made of a nickel-titanium-based superelastic alloy and is annealed at 650 °C, thermally cycled and mechanically trained above the phase transition temperature;

[0023] When the upper sealing cone and the lower sealing cone approach, they squeeze the metal sealing cylinder, so that the metal sealing cylinder deforms and expands and abuts against the inner wall of the casing.

[0024] The upper sealing cone and the lower sealing cone approach, causing the metal sealing cylinder to be squeezed and expand and abut against the inside of the casing, thereby completing the sealing of the casing. The metal sealing cylinder is made of a nickel-titanium-based superelastic alloy, annealed at 650 °C, and thermally cycled and mechanically trained above the phase transition temperature to obtain stable mechanical properties. It can obtain an ideal deformation rate under a small load, reducing the setting force and unsealing force. It is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure deep well operations and has a longer service life compared to traditional rubber cylinders. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the related art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the related art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the metal sealing cylinder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of part A in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the slip body of the present invention.

[0029] ICON:

[0030] 100. Central tube; 110. First joint; 120. Adjusting ring; 130. Second joint; 200. Metal sealing cylinder; 210. Third joint; 220. Pressurizing hole; 230. Upper sealing cone; 240. Lower sealing cone; 300. Outer cylinder; 310. Piston; 320. Split lock; 330. Compression sleeve; 400. Slip body; 410. Cone; 420. Slip seat; 430. Lock ring; 500. Unsealing sleeve; 510. Shearing pin; 520. Connecting cylinder. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0034] Embodiment

[0035] As Figures 1 - 3As shown in the figure, a compression-type metal packer includes a central tube 100, and a first joint 110 and a second joint 130 connected to the upper end and the lower end of the central tube 100 respectively. A sealing mechanism is provided in the middle of the central tube 100, and the sealing mechanism includes: a metal sealing cylinder 200 sleeved on the central tube 100; an upper sealing cone 230 sleeved on the central tube 100 and arranged on the upper part of the metal sealing cylinder 200; a lower sealing cone 240 sleeved on the central tube 100 and arranged on the lower part of the metal sealing cylinder 200. The metal sealing cylinder 200 is of a ring-shaped hollow structure, and the metal sealing cylinder 200 is made of a nickel-titanium-based superelastic alloy and is annealed at 650 °C, and undergoes thermal cycling and mechanical training above the phase transition temperature. When the upper sealing cone 230 and the lower sealing cone 240 approach, the metal sealing cylinder 200 is extruded, so that the metal sealing cylinder 200 deforms and expands and abuts against the inner wall of the casing.

[0036] The working mechanism of the compression-type metal packer provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0037] When the upper sealing cone 230 and the lower sealing cone 240 approach, the metal sealing cylinder 200 is extruded and expanded to abut against the inside of the casing, thereby completing the sealing of the casing. The metal sealing cylinder 200 is made of a nickel-titanium-based superelastic alloy, annealed at 650 °C, and undergoes thermal cycling and mechanical training above the phase transition temperature to obtain stable mechanical properties. It can obtain an ideal deformation rate under a small load, reducing the setting force and unseating force, and has a longer service life compared with the traditional rubber cylinder.

[0038] Regarding the setting mechanism, specifically:

[0039] The setting mechanism includes: an outer cylinder 300 sleeved on the central tube 100; a third joint 210 slidably sleeved on the central tube 100 and fitting with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 300, and the upper part of the third joint 210 abuts against the lower sealing cone 240; a piston 310 sliding in the outer cylinder 300; a pressure injection hole 220 is opened on the central tube 100. When injecting pressure into the central tube 100, the pressure is conducted to the inside of the outer cylinder 300 through the pressure injection hole 220, thereby pushing the third joint 210 to move upward and the piston 310 to move downward.

[0040] When pressurizing the central tube 100, the pressure will be conducted through the pressure injection holes 220 into the outer cylinder 300. This pressure pushes the third joint 210 upward, and at the same time, the piston 310 moves downward. When the third joint 210 moves upward, it can push the metal sealing cylinder 200 to be extruded and expanded to abut against the inner wall of the casing to complete the setting. Since the third joint 210 fits against the inner wall of the outer cylinder 300 and its upper part abuts against the lower sealing cone 240, it has good sealing performance. By controlling the pressure in the outer cylinder 300 through the pressure injection holes 220, the positions of the third joint 210 and the piston 310 can be adjusted flexibly to achieve the required actions or pressure regulation. This setting mechanism can be applied to many different occasions, such as hydraulic systems, pneumatic systems, etc., because it has good versatility and adaptability. If maintenance or component replacement is required, usually only the outer cylinder 300 needs to be opened, and the operation is simple and easy.

[0041] In an alternative embodiment of the present example, preferably:

[0042] The setting mechanism further includes: an adjusting ring 120, sleeved on the central tube 100 and threadedly connected to the first joint 110, and the adjusting ring 120 abuts against the upper sealing cone 230; a pressure sleeve 330, fixedly sleeved on the central tube 100, and the upper part of the pressure sleeve 330 is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder 300.

[0043] The arrangement of the adjusting ring 120 and the pressure sleeve 330 further enhances the stability and sealing performance of the setting mechanism. Through the cooperation between the adjusting ring 120 and the upper sealing cone 230, the pressure distribution on the sealing surface can be better controlled, improving the sealing effect. At the same time, the fixed sleeve of the pressure sleeve 330 and its threaded connection with the outer cylinder 300 also enhance the rigidity and stability of the entire mechanism, ensuring that it can maintain the correct position and posture during operation.

[0044] In an alternative embodiment of the present example, preferably:

[0045] The setting mechanism further includes: a locking ring 430, connected to the piston 310; mating teeth are provided on the outer wall of the locking ring 430 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 300, and the mating teeth enable the piston 310 to slide unidirectionally inside the outer cylinder 300.

[0046] The mating teeth on the locking ring 430 and the outer cylinder 300 enhance the stability and sealing performance of the setting mechanism. Through the cooperation of the mating teeth, it can be ensured that the piston 310 can only slide unidirectionally inside the outer cylinder 300, thus avoiding the misunsetting caused by the reverse movement of the piston 310 resulting in the contraction of the metal sealing cylinder 200, increasing the reliability and stability of the setting mechanism, ensuring its normal operation and improving the sealing effect.

[0047] In an alternative embodiment of the present example, preferably:

[0048] The setting mechanism further includes: a split lock 320 sleeved on the central tube 100; a boss for carrying a locking ring 430 is arranged on the outer wall of the split lock 320; the bottom of the piston 310 abuts against the locking ring 430 and the split lock 320.

[0049] The sleeving of the split lock 320 on the central tube 100 provides additional support and stability. At the same time, the boss on its outer wall can carry the locking ring 430, thus ensuring the correct installation and positioning of the piston 310. The bottom of the piston 310 abuts against the locking ring 430 and the split lock 320, ensuring the stability and guiding property of the piston 310 during movement.

[0050] Regarding the anchoring mechanism, specifically:

[0051] The anchoring mechanism includes: a slip body 400 sleeved on the central tube 100; a cone 410 slidably sleeved on the central tube 100, and the bottom of the split lock 320 abuts against the cone 410; when the cone 410 moves downward, it pushes the slip body 400 to move radially and abut against the inner wall of the casing.

[0052] By sleeving on the central tube 100, the slip body 400 provides stable support and positioning for the anchoring mechanism. The cone 410 is slidably sleeved on the central tube 100 and abuts against the bottom of the split lock 320, ensuring the stability and guiding property of the cone 410 during movement, further improving the stability and reliability of the anchoring mechanism. When the cone 410 moves downward, it pushes the slip body 400 to move radially and abut against the inner wall of the casing, ensuring the stability and sealing property of the anchoring mechanism in the casing, and is applicable to various occasions requiring anchoring and sealing.

[0053] In an alternative embodiment of the present embodiment, preferably:

[0054] The anchoring mechanism further includes: a slip seat 420 fixedly sleeved on the central tube 100, and the slip body 400 is connected to the slip seat 420.

[0055] By fixedly sleeving on the central tube 100, the slip seat 420 provides additional support and stability for the anchoring mechanism. The slip body 400 is connected to the slip seat 420, ensuring the correct installation and positioning of the slip body 400 during movement, and further improving the stability and reliability of the anchoring mechanism.

[0056] Regarding the releasing mechanism, specifically:

[0057] The releasing mechanism includes: a releasing sleeve 500 fixedly sleeved on the central tube 100; when the slip body 400 abuts against the inner wall of the casing, lift the tubing string to make the central tube 100 move upward, so that the central tube 100 can move upward relative to the releasing sleeve 500, the slip seat 420 moves downward, and the adjusting ring 120 moves upward, causing the metal sealing cylinder 200 to contract and the slip body 400 to contract.

[0058] When the slips body 400 abuts against the inner wall of the casing, by lifting the pipe string, the central pipe 100 moves upward, relative to the unsealing sleeve 500 moves upward, ensuring the correct movement and unlocking operation of the unsealing mechanism, the slips seat 420 moves downward and the adjusting ring 120 moves upward, causing the metal sealing cylinder 200 and the slips body 400 to contract, thereby unsealing.

[0059] In an alternative embodiment of the present embodiment, preferably:

[0060] The unsealing mechanism further includes a connecting cylinder 520, the connecting cylinder 520 is sleeved on the central pipe 100 and fixedly connected to the upper end of the unsealing sleeve 500.

[0061] By being sleeved on the central pipe 100, the connecting cylinder 520 provides additional support and stability for the unsealing mechanism. The connecting cylinder 520 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the unsealing sleeve 500, ensuring the correct installation and positioning of the unsealing mechanism, and further improving the stability and reliability of the unsealing mechanism.

[0062] In an alternative embodiment of the present embodiment, preferably:

[0063] A shear pin 510 is connected between the unsealing sleeve 500 and the central pipe 100; when the shear pin 510 breaks, the unsealing sleeve 500 can slide relative to the central pipe 100.

[0064] When the shear pin 510 breaks, the unsealing sleeve 500 can slide relative to the central pipe 100. In the initial state, the unsealing sleeve 500 and the central pipe 100 do not slide relative to each other, thereby ensuring the stability of the sealing mechanism and the anchoring mechanism, and when the shear pin 510 breaks, it can trigger the unsealing of the sealing mechanism and the anchoring mechanism.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compression type metal packer, comprising a central pipe (100) and a first joint (110) and a second joint (130) connected to the upper end and the lower end of the central pipe (100), characterized in that ； A sealing mechanism is provided in the middle of the central tube (100), and the sealing mechanism includes: A metal sealing cylinder (200) sleeved on the central tube (100); An upper sealing cone (230) sleeved on the central tube (100) and arranged on the upper part of the metal sealing cylinder (200); A lower sealing cone (240) sleeved on the central tube (100) and arranged on the lower part of the metal sealing cylinder (200); The metal sealing cylinder (200) is of an annular hollow structure, and the metal sealing cylinder (200) is made of a nickel-titanium-based superelastic alloy; When the upper sealing cone (230) and the lower sealing cone (240) approach, the metal sealing cylinder (200) is squeezed, so that the metal sealing cylinder (200) deforms and expands and abuts against the inner wall of the casing.

2. The compression metal packer according to claim 1, characterized in that ； It further includes a setting mechanism, and the setting mechanism includes: An outer cylinder (300) sleeved on the central tube (100); A third joint (210) slidably sleeved on the central tube (100) and fitting with the inner wall of the outer cylinder (300), and the upper part of the third joint (210) abuts against the lower sealing cone (240); A piston (310) sliding in the outer cylinder (300); A pressure injection hole (220) is provided on the central tube (100); When injecting pressure into the central tube (100), the pressure is conducted to the inside of the outer cylinder (300) through the pressure injection hole (220), so as to push the third joint (210) upward and the piston (310) downward.

3. The compressible metal packer according to claim 2, wherein; The setting mechanism further includes: An adjusting ring (120) sleeved on the central tube (100) and threadedly connected to the first joint (110), and the adjusting ring (120) abuts against the upper sealing cone (230); A pressure sleeve (330) fixedly sleeved on the central tube (100), and the upper part of the pressure sleeve (330) is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder (300).

4. The compressible metal packer according to claim 3, wherein; The setting mechanism further includes: A locking ring (430) connected to the piston (310); Engaging teeth are provided on the outer wall of the locking ring (430) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (300), and the engaging teeth enable the piston (310) to slide unidirectionally inside the outer cylinder (300).

5. The compressible metal packer according to claim 4, wherein; The setting mechanism further includes: A split lock (320) sleeved on the central tube (100); A boss for carrying the locking ring (430) is provided on the outer wall of the split lock (320); The bottom of the piston (310) abuts against the locking ring (430) and the split lock (320).

6. The compression metal packer according to claim 5, characterized in that ； It further includes an anchoring mechanism, and the anchoring mechanism includes: A slip body (400) sleeved on the central tube (100); A cone (410) slidably sleeved on the central tube (100), and the bottom of the split lock (320) abuts against the cone (410); When the cone (410) moves downward, it pushes the slips body (400) to move radially and abut against the inner wall of the casing.

7. The compressible metal packer according to claim 6, wherein; The anchoring mechanism further includes: A slips seat (420), fixedly sleeved on the central tube (100), and the slips body (400) is connected to the slips seat (420).

8. The compression type metal packer according to claim 3 or 7, characterized in that ； It further includes a releasing mechanism, and the releasing mechanism includes: A releasing sleeve (500), fixedly sleeved on the central tube (100); When the slips body (400) abuts against the inner wall of the casing, the tubing string is lifted so that the central tube (100) moves upward, whereby the central tube (100) can move upward relative to the releasing sleeve (500), the slips seat (420) moves downward, and the adjusting ring (120) moves upward, causing the metal sealing cylinder (200) to contract and the slips body (400) to contract.

9. The compressible metal packer according to claim 8, wherein; The releasing mechanism further includes a connecting cylinder (520), and the connecting cylinder (520) is sleeved on the central tube (100) and fixedly connected to the upper end of the releasing sleeve (500).

10. The compressible metal packer according to claim 9, wherein; A shear pin (510) is connected between the releasing sleeve (500) and the central tube (100); When the shear pin (510) breaks, the releasing sleeve (500) can slide relative to the central tube (100).

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