Branch crusher and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a branch crushing machine and a use method thereof, the branch crushing machine comprises an internal combustion engine, a shearing roller, a discharge port and a separation assembly connected with the discharge port, and materials discharged from the discharge port are separated through the separation assembly; the separation assembly comprises a housing, a separation disc rotationally arranged in the housing and a filter plate matched with the separation disc and used for filtering large-particle chippings at the discharge port, and a plurality of separation blades are arranged on the separation disc; one side of the housing is connected with the discharge port, and the other side of the housing is provided with a suction pipe which corresponds to the discharge port and sucks small-particle chippings filtered by the filter plate; a discharge opening is formed in the outer wall of the housing; after rotating, the separating disc is matched with the discharging opening so as to discharge large-particle chippings adsorbed on the filter plate; and automatic grading treatment of large and small particle chippings is achieved through the separation assembly, splashing and dust raising are restrained, and meanwhile the operation efficiency and safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of horticultural equipment and processes, and in particular to a shredder and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] As an important tool in the fields of horticultural greening, orchard management, etc., the core function of a shredder is to break the pruned branches into granular or powdery wood materials through mechanical shearing, which is convenient for subsequent transportation, composting or reuse. Traditional shredders are usually driven by a power device (fuel engine) to rotate the shearing rollers, use the cutters on the shearing rollers to cut the branches at high speed, and discharge the broken wood materials to the side or rear of the equipment through the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the shearing rollers. Such a design significantly improves the efficiency of branch processing and reduces the volume of waste branches, meeting the requirements of green recycling.

[0003] However, the existing shredders have the following significant defects in practical applications: 1. Splashing problem caused by discharge inertia: Due to the high-speed rotation of the shearing rollers of the shredder, the broken wood materials are discharged at a relatively high initial speed under the action of centrifugal force, and the particle sizes of the wood materials are different. Larger fragments are prone to splash around due to inertia, which not only pollutes the working environment but also may pose a safety hazard to the operator or surrounding equipment; 2. Dust pollution of small particles: The finely broken wood materials (especially particles with a diameter less than 2 mm) are violently mixed with air during the discharge process, forming dust; long-term inhalation may harm the respiratory health of the operator, and it is difficult to clean up when directly discharged into the garden. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a shredder and its usage method, which realizes the automatic classification and treatment of large and small particle debris through a separation component, inhibits splashing and dust, and improves the operation efficiency and safety at the same time.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions: A shredder includes an internal combustion engine, a shearing roller, a discharge port, and a separation component connected to the discharge port, and the materials discharged from the discharge port are separated through the separation component; The separation component includes a housing, a separation disk rotatably arranged in the housing, and a filter plate that cooperates with the separation disk and filters large particle debris at the discharge port. A plurality of separation blades are provided on the separation disk; One side of the housing is connected to the discharge port, and the other side is provided with a suction pipe that corresponds to the discharge port and sucks the small particle debris filtered by the filter plate; A discharge port is provided on the outer wall of the housing; After the separation disk rotates, it cooperates with the discharge port to discharge the large particle debris adsorbed on the filter plate.

[0006] In the above solution, preferably, the separation blades are evenly arranged on the separation disc, and adsorption areas are formed between adjacent separation blades.

[0007] In the above solution, preferably, a driving gear is arranged on the separation disc, an intermittent gear matched with the driving gear is arranged on the housing, a clearance tooth part is arranged on the intermittent gear, the tooth number ratio of the intermittent tooth part to the driving gear is 1:X, and the value of X is the same as the number of adsorption areas.

[0008] In the above solution, preferably, the driving gear is in transmission connection with the shearing roller.

[0009] In the above solution, preferably, the suction pipe is connected with a centrifugal fan, and a filter box is arranged between the suction pipe and the centrifugal fan.

[0010] In the above solution, preferably, a fan shaft is arranged on the centrifugal fan, and the fan shaft is in transmission connection with an internal combustion engine.

[0011] In the above solution, preferably, a cleaning brush for cleaning the filter plate is arranged in the housing, the cleaning brush is a rigid deformable brush, and the cleaning brush is arranged in interference contact with the filter plate.

[0012] In the above solution, preferably, a transmission gear matched with the intermittent gear is arranged on the cleaning brush; The transmission gear is connected with the cleaning brush through a lead screw; A nut sleeve in threaded fit with the lead screw is arranged on the housing.

[0013] In the above solution, preferably, a reset plate is arranged on the transmission gear, and an elastic resetting member is arranged between the reset plate and the housing.

[0014] In the above solution, preferably, a method for using a branch shredder is as follows: S1: After being sheared by the shearing roller, the branches form small particles and are discharged through the discharge port into the separation assembly; S2: The small particles enter the adsorption area of the separation disc, the small particle debris enters the suction pipe through the filter plate and is sucked, and the large particle debris is separated by the filter plate and remains in the adsorption area; S3: When the intermittent gear rotates one circle, the separation disc rotates by an angle. When the adsorption area with large particle debris remains enters the position corresponding to the discharge port, the large particle debris is discharged through the discharge port to the outside of the branch shredder.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Through the mutual cooperation of the filter plate and the suction pipe, the small particles are centrally collected, and the large particles are discharged directionally, improving the separation rate and collection efficiency of the debris; 2. Significantly suppresses dust: Small particles are collected by a closed suction system, significantly reducing the dust concentration in the operation area, and facilitating centralized treatment after collection; 3. Stable continuous operation: The intermittent gear and the cleaning brush are linked in design to avoid clogging of the filter plate, thereby reducing the frequency and time of manual maintenance and enhancing the continuous operation ability of the equipment; 4. Compact and reliable structure: The separation component is integrated with the main body of the outlet of the shredder, suitable for various scenarios such as gardens and orchards. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is the Figure 2 Cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the separation component of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the separation disc of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram at the filter box of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments: Embodiment 1: Refer to Figures 1-5 .

[0023] A shredder includes an internal combustion engine 1, a shear roll 2, an outlet 3, and a separation component 4 connected to the outlet 3. The internal combustion engine 1 uses a diesel engine or a gasoline engine, and the internal combustion engine 1 is drivingly connected to the shear roll 2, specifically through a belt pulley or other driving methods for transmission. The internal combustion engine 1 drives the shear roll 2 to rotate to shear the branches.

[0024] The shredder further includes a machine body. The shear roll 2 is rotatably arranged in the machine body, and the outlet 3 is arranged on the machine body. The shear roll 2 conveys the sheared branches to the outlet 3 through centrifugal force for discharge, as shown in Figure 1 . This is the prior art of the current shredder and will not be elaborated here.

[0025] The discharge port 3 is provided with a separation component 4 connected thereto, and the material discharged from the discharge port 3 is separated by the separation component 4. Specifically, the separation component includes a cover shell 401, a separation disc 402 rotatably arranged in the cover shell 401, and a filter plate 403 which cooperates with the separation disc 402 and filters large particles of debris at the discharge port 3. One side of the cover shell 401 is through-connected with the discharge port 3, and the other side is provided with a suction pipe 405 corresponding to the position of the discharge port 3, that is, the suction pipe 405 and the discharge port 3 are coaxially arranged; the separation disc 402 is fixedly connected to the filter plate 403, and is preferably integrally formed.

[0026] The filter plate 403 is provided with a plurality of filter holes, the diameter and density of the filter holes can be adaptively adjusted according to specific production requirements; the discharge port 3 discharges the material into the cover shell 401, and then the suction pipe 405 on the other side performs suction, and the material is sprayed onto the filter plate 403 by centrifugal force. At this time, large particles of debris are blocked by the filter plate 403, and small particles of debris are sucked into the suction pipe 405 by the suction force of the suction pipe 405, thereby realizing the separation of large and small particles of debris.

[0027] The filter plate 403 is arranged on one side of the housing 401 close to the suction pipe 405, and a plurality of separation leaves 404 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the filter plate 403 away from the suction pipe 405. Figure 5 As shown, the filter plate 403 is circular, and the separation leaves 404 are arranged in a divergent shape from the center of the filter plate 403 to the outside; a first adsorption zone 5 is formed between the connected separation leaves 404, and initially, the outlet of the discharge port 3 is at a corresponding position to any adsorption zone 5, so that the material discharged from the discharge port 3 enters the adsorption zone 5; the cover shell 401 is circular as a whole, and a gap of 0.5-2mm can be set between its inner wall and the outer edge of the filter plate 403 to allow the filter plate 403 to rotate.

[0028] The filter plate 403 and a plurality of separation leaves 404 are manufactured by welding to form an integral separation disk 402 with a rotation fulcrum in the middle. To realize the rotation of the separation disk 402, a drive shaft is provided at the center of the separation disk 402 on a side close to the suction pipe 405, and a drive gear 6 is fixedly provided after the drive shaft rotates and passes through the cover 401. The drive gear 6 is driven to realize the rotation of the separation disk 402.

[0029] In order to discharge each adsorption area 5 after adsorbing a sufficient amount of large particles of debris, the present embodiment makes each adsorption area 5 dock with the discharge port 3 one by one by rotating the driving gear 6 at a certain angle. Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 4As shown, the cover shell 401 is provided with an intermittent gear 7 that matches the driving gear 6. The intermittent gear 7 is provided with an intermittent tooth portion 701, and the module of the intermittent tooth portion 701 is the same as the module of the driving gear 6, and preferably the pitch circle diameter is also the same.

[0030] The ratio of the number of teeth of the intermittent tooth portion 701 to the number of teeth of the driving gear 6 is 1:X, and the value of X is the same as the number of adsorption zones 5. In this embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, 5 adsorption areas are set, therefore, X=5, so that the ratio of the number of teeth of the intermittent tooth portion 701 to the number of teeth of the driving gear 6 is 1:5, that is, the intermittent gear 7 rotates one circle, so that the driving gear 6 rotates 5 / 360°, that is, rotates 72°; and the intermittent gear 7 is rotatably set on the cover 401, and is connected to the shearing roller 2 by transmission, preferably with a pulley. When the shearing roller 2 rotates to shear and crush the branches, it drives the intermittent gear 7 to rotate, thereby providing rotation power for the intermittent gear 7.

[0031] The housing 401 is provided with a discharge port 406 extending obliquely downward along one side of the rotation direction of the separation disc 402. Figure 2 As shown, after the adsorption area 5 on the separation disk 402 cooperates with the discharge port 3 to adsorb the material, it is rotated at a certain angle at a fixed time until it rotates to the corresponding position of the discharge port 406. At this time, the large particle debris on the adsorption area 5 is smoothly discharged to the outside of the shredder through the discharge port 406.

[0032] During actual use, after large particle debris enters the adsorption area 5 due to impact of the filter plate 403 by centrifugal force, some particles are easily blocked or stuck in the filter holes on the filter plate 403. To solve this problem, in this embodiment, a cleaning brush 9 for cleaning the filter plate 403 is arranged in the cover shell 401, and the cleaning brush 9 is arranged near the discharge port 406. The cleaning brush 9 is arranged on the side of the filter plate 403 away from the discharge port 3. The cleaning brush 9 is a rigid deformable brush, and its material can be an elastic metal material, such as a stainless steel brush, which has a plurality of vertically arranged brush strips. The cleaning brush 9 and the end face of the filter plate 403 are arranged in interference contact, and the interference amount is preferably 0.5-3mm. While the filter plate 403 rotates, the cleaning brush 9 can clean the filter holes on the reverse side of the filter plate 403 through the brush strips to brush them off.

[0033] In order to further push the stuck large particles out of the filter hole, the cleaning brush 9 is set in a retractable state in this embodiment, so that the brush strip of the cleaning brush 9 can be further pushed into the filter hole. Specifically, the cleaning brush 9 is provided with a transmission gear 901 that cooperates with the intermittent gear 7; the transmission gear 901 is connected to the cleaning brush 9 through a screw rod 902, one end of the screw rod 902 is fixed to the end face of the cleaning brush 9 away from the brush strip, and the other end is fixedly connected to the transmission gear 901; The housing 401 is provided with a screw sleeve 903 threadedly matched with the screw rod 902. The screw sleeve 903 is fixedly arranged on the housing 401, and the screw hole is arranged through the housing 401. After the screw rod 902 is threadedly passed through the screw sleeve 903, it is fixedly connected to the transmission gear 901 outside the housing 401. The intermittent tooth portion 701 of the intermittent gear 7 is along the Figure 2 As shown, the counterclockwise rotation first cooperates with the driving gear 6 to rotate the separation disc 402 to a certain angle, and then disengages. After the disengagement, the intermittent tooth portion 701 meshes with the transmission gear 901, so that the transmission gear 901 drives the cleaning brush 9 to rotate. At the same time, the screw rod 902 rotates and slides relatively along the screw sleeve 903, so that the brush strips of the cleaning brush 9 are further pushed into the filter holes of the filter plate 403 for cleaning, that is, it rotates and pushes in at the same time, so that the large particles of debris stuck in the filter plate 403 are completely cleaned.

[0034] The transmission gear 901 is provided with a reset plate 904, and an elastic reset member is provided between the reset plate 904 and the cover 401. The elastic reset member can be a tension spring. When the intermittent tooth portion 701 rotates and disengages from the transmission gear 901, the transmission gear 901 is reset under the tension of the elastic reset member.

[0035] The suction pipe 405 is connected to a centrifugal fan 8, and a filter box 801 is provided between the suction pipe 405 and the centrifugal fan 8; a fan shaft 802 is provided on the centrifugal fan 8, and the fan shaft 802 is transmission-connected to the internal combustion engine 1, so that the internal combustion engine 1 provides continuous rotation for the centrifugal fan 8, thereby realizing suction of the suction pipe 405, and the suction pipe 405 sucks small particles of debris into the filter box 801 for storage.

[0036] A method for using a branch chipper, the method for using is as follows: S1: After being sheared by the shear roller 2, the branches are broken into small particles and discharged into the separation component 4 through the discharge port 3; S2: The small particles enter the adsorption area 5 of the separation disk 402, and the small particles pass through the filter plate 403 and enter the suction pipe 405 to be sucked, while the large particles are separated by the filter plate 403 and remain in the adsorption area 5; S3: the intermittent gear 7 rotates one circle to make the separation disc 402 rotate one angle. When the adsorption area 5 with large particles of debris enters the position corresponding to the discharge port 406, the large particles of debris are discharged to the outside of the shredder through the discharge port 406; S4: While the separation disc 402 is rotating, the cleaning brush 9 brushes the filter plate 403, and brushes off the large particles stuck in the holes of the filter plate 403 and discharges them through the discharge port 406. At the same time, the cleaning brush 9 squeezes and brushes the filter plate 403 through the transmission of the intermittent gear 7, in conjunction with the screw rod 902 and the screw sleeve 903, so that the holes of the filter plate 403 are not blocked, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency when the adsorption area 5 cooperates with the discharge port 3 next time.

[0037] Example 2: Refer to Figures 1-6 .

[0038] This embodiment is a further improvement based on Embodiment 1. Specifically, after the shearing roller 2 shears wet branches, a large amount of juice will adhere to it. After the small particle debris is collected by the filter box 801, it can be used for subsequent cleaning of the shearing roller 2. The dry small particle debris is scattered into the shearing roller 2 and then the shearing roller 2 is brushed manually with a brush, so that the dry miscellaneous debris can adsorb the juice to clean the shearing roller 2.

[0039] A filter screen is provided at one end of the filter box 801 close to the suction port of the centrifugal fan 8. After the centrifugal fan 8 sucks the small particle debris through the filter box 801 and the suction pipe 405, the small particle debris is stored in the filter box 801.

[0040] To achieve the above functions, in this embodiment, the filter box 801 is fixedly arranged on the upper outer wall of the feed inlet 10, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown. A hot air pipe 802 is provided on the filter box 801. The hot air pipe 802 is connected to a part of the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine 1 through an air filter element, that is, a branch is connected to the exhaust pipe and docked with the hot air pipe 802, and an air filter element is arranged between the branch and the hot air pipe 802 to filter impurities, so as to blow clean hot air into the filter box 801 to dry the small particle debris in the filter box 801.

[0041] A sliding plate 803 for discharging materials is arranged at the bottom of the filter box 801, and a feeding port 101 matched with the sliding plate 803 is arranged on the wall body of the feed inlet 10. The sliding plate 803 is slidably arranged at the bottom of the filter box 801, and the sliding plate 803 and the bottom of the filter box 801 are arranged with damping sliding. Initially, the sliding plate 803 covers the feeding port 101, as Figure 6 shown. When the sliding plate 803 slides away from the filter box 801, the feeding port 101 can be communicated with the inside of the box body of the filter box 801, so that the small particle debris in the filter box 801 falls into the feed inlet 10.

[0042] A wind valve is provided on the suction pipe 405. The wind valve is controlled by an electromagnetic valve control method. A button 804 that cooperates with the sliding plate 803 is provided on the outer wall of the feed inlet 10. The button 804 is electrically connected to the wind valve. When the sliding plate 803 slides, it contacts the button 804, thereby triggering the button 804 to close the wind valve. At this time, the suction pipe 405 is in a closed state. The sliding plate 803 opens the material inlet 101, allowing dry small particle debris to enter the shredder. The shear roller 2 is brushed manually. The brushed material is discharged into the separation disk 402 through the discharge port 3. At this time, since the suction pipe 405 is closed and not in the suction state, the washed debris is discharged from the discharge port 406.

[0043] In this embodiment, a handle may be provided on the end face of the sliding plate 803 on the side away from the outer wall of the feed inlet 10 for easy gripping by the operator.

[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalently replace some of the technical features. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A branch chipper, characterized in that: It comprises an internal combustion engine (1), a shearing roller (2), a discharge port (3), and a separation component (4) connected to the discharge port (3), wherein the separation component (4) is used to separate the material discharged from the discharge port (3); The separation assembly (4) comprises a housing (401), a separation disc (402) rotatably disposed in the housing (401), and a filter plate (403) that cooperates with the separation disc (402) and filters large particles of debris at the discharge port (3); the separation disc (402) is provided with a plurality of separation leaves (404); One side of the cover shell (401) is connected to the discharge port (3), and the other side is provided with a suction pipe (405) corresponding to the discharge port (3) and for sucking small particles of debris filtered through the filter plate (403); The outer wall of the housing (401) is provided with a discharge port (406); After the separation disc (402) rotates, it cooperates with the discharge port (406) to discharge the large particle debris adsorbed on the filter plate (403).

2. A branch chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation leaves (404) are evenly arranged on the separation disk (402), and an adsorption area (5) is formed between the connected separation leaves (404).

3. A branch chipper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The separation disc (402) is provided with a driving gear (6), the cover (401) is provided with an intermittent gear (7) matched with the driving gear (6), the intermittent gear (7) is provided with an intermittent tooth portion (701), the ratio of the number of teeth of the intermittent tooth portion (701) to the number of teeth of the driving gear (6) is 1:X, and the value of X is the same as the number of adsorption zones (5).

4. A branch chipper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving gear (6) is in transmission connection with the shearing roller (2).

5. The branch chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction pipe (405) is connected to a centrifugal fan (8), and a filter box (801) is provided between the suction pipe (405) and the centrifugal fan (8).

6. A branch chipper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The centrifugal fan (8) is provided with a fan shaft (802), and the fan shaft (802) is drivingly connected to the internal combustion engine (1).

7. A branch chipper according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cleaning brush (9) for cleaning the filter plate (403) is arranged in the housing (401); the cleaning brush (9) is a rigid deformable brush; the cleaning brush (9) is arranged in interference contact with the filter plate (403).

8. A branch chipper according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cleaning brush (9) is provided with a transmission gear (901) that matches the intermittent gear (7); The transmission gear (901) is connected to the cleaning brush (9) via a screw rod (902); The cover shell (401) is provided with a threaded sleeve (903) that is threadably matched with the screw rod (902).

9. A branch chipper according to claim 8, characterized in that: A reset plate (904) is provided on the transmission gear (901), and an elastic reset member is provided between the reset plate (904) and the cover shell (401).

10. A method for using the branch chipper according to claim 3, characterized in that: Here’s how to use it: S1: After being sheared by the shearing roller (2), the branches are broken into small particles and discharged into the separation component through the discharge port (3); S2: the small particles enter the adsorption area (5) of the separation disk (402), the small particles pass through the filter plate (403) and enter the suction pipe (405) to be sucked, while the large particles are separated by the filter plate (403) and remain in the adsorption area (5); S3: The intermittent gear (7) rotates one circle to cause the separation disc (402) to rotate one angle. When the adsorption area (5) with large-particle debris retained enters a position corresponding to the discharge port (406), the large-particle debris is discharged to the outside of the branch shredder through the discharge port (406).

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