External-circle-positioning tailstock-free external thread grinding machine and machining process

Abstract

The external thread grinding machine comprises a machine body, a workpiece main shaft, a center frame and a grinding wheel main shaft, a Z-direction sliding plate and an X-direction sliding plate are arranged on the upper end face of the machine body, the workpiece main shaft is installed on the Z-direction sliding plate, and the center frame is installed on the Z-direction sliding plate and used for supporting the outer circle of a workpiece. The grinding wheel spindle is arranged on the X-direction sliding plate, the outer circle of one end of a workpiece can be clamped through the workpiece spindle, then the outer circle of the workpiece is supported by adjusting the center frame, grinding operation of external threads is completed, grinding of a center hole and jacking of a tailstock are not needed, the technological process is optimized, the machining cost is reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved. The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical design, and more particularly relates to an external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer diameter and a processing technology thereof. Background Art

[0002] Existing external thread grinding machines are large in size, and all use double-top of the workpiece spindle and the tailstock to complete the grinding process of external threads. Therefore, it is necessary to perform center hole grinding operation before workpiece processing, resulting in an increase in processing cost. Moreover, when using double-top of the workpiece spindle and the tailstock to process micro and small external thread parts, the process flow is complex and the processing efficiency is low. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an external thread grinding machine that does not require tailstock support, optimizes the processing process flow, and reduces the processing cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer diameter and a processing technology thereof, which does not require tailstock support, can effectively control the processing cost, and further improve the processing efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer diameter, comprising a bed body, a workpiece spindle, a center rest, and a grinding wheel spindle. A Z-axis slide plate and an X-axis slide plate are provided on the upper end surface of the bed body. The workpiece spindle is installed on the Z-axis slide plate, the center rest is installed on the Z-axis slide plate, the center rest is used to support the outer diameter of the workpiece, and the grinding wheel spindle is arranged on the X-axis slide plate.

[0005] According to the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the center rest includes one or more frames arranged along the Z-axis slide plate and a first jaw mechanism, a second jaw mechanism, and a ejector rod mechanism respectively arranged on the same side of the frame.

[0006] According to the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the first jaw mechanism includes a first jaw hinged to the frame, a first ejector rod acting on the tail end of the first jaw, and a first floating pressure plate arranged at the movable end of the first jaw.

[0007] According to the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, a first adjusting nut for adjusting the reciprocating movement of the first ejector rod is provided on one side of the frame.

[0008] According to the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the second jaw mechanism includes a second jaw hinged to one end of the frame and a second ejector rod for pushing the other end of the second jaw to swing up and down. A second floating pressure plate is provided at the end of the second jaw corresponding to the first jaw mechanism.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a second adjusting nut is provided at one end of the second ejector rod away from the second jaw.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the ejector rod mechanism includes a third ejector rod and a floating ejector block provided at one end of the third ejector rod. A third adjusting nut is provided at one end of the third ejector rod away from the floating ejector block.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, it further includes a swing angle device for the grinding wheel spindle. The swing angle device for the grinding wheel spindle includes a column, a first driving motor provided on the column, and a swing part that can rotate the grinding wheel spindle through the first driving motor. The swing part includes a guiding brake plate, a swing core shaft, and a swing sliding plate that can rotate around the swing core shaft. One end of the swing sliding plate away from the swing core shaft is slidably connected to the guiding brake plate.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a rough grinding wheel and a fine grinding wheel are concentrically arranged on the grinding wheel spindle, and the rough grinding wheel is located outside the fine grinding wheel.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, a processing process using an external thread grinding machine without a tailstock with external circle positioning includes the following steps: 1), Adjust the first jaw mechanism, the second jaw mechanism, and the ejector rod mechanism, and place the workpiece to be processed in the moving cavity; 2), Rotate the first adjusting nut, the second adjusting nut, and the third adjusting nut so that the first ejector rod pushes the first floating pressing plate, the second ejector rod pushes the second floating pressing plate, and the third ejector rod pushes the floating ejector block to support the outer circle of the workpiece; 3), Move the frame along the Z-axis, and cooperate with the workpiece spindle on one side to clamp the outer circle of the workpiece to complete the fixation of the workpiece to be processed; 4), Through the first driving motor, make the swing sliding plate slide in a circular motion along the swing core shaft on the column and the guiding brake plate, and swing the grinding wheel spindle to a corresponding angle; 5), Process the outer circle surface of the workpiece to be processed in the moving cavity through the rough grinding wheel and the fine grinding wheel respectively.

[0014] One of the technical solutions in the above technical solutions of the present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: The present invention can clamp one end of the outer circle of the workpiece through the workpiece spindle, and then support the outer circle of the workpiece by adjusting the center rest, so as to complete the grinding operation of the external thread, without grinding the center hole and tailstock support, optimizing the process flow, reducing the processing cost, and improving the processing efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Attached Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 2 is the top view of an embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 3 is the side view of an embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 4 is the structure diagram of the center frame of an embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 5 is the structure diagram of a device without a grinding wheel spindle swing angle for an embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 6 is the structure diagram of multiple center frames of an embodiment of the present invention. Specific Embodiments

[0016] The following details the embodiments of the present invention. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that for the orientation description, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two or more, understandings such as greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. do not include the present number, and understandings such as above, below, within, etc. include the present number. If there is a description of first and second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0019] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a movable connection, a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a connection capable of mutual communication; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components, indirect communication or the interaction relationship between two components.

[0021] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different solutions of the present invention.

[0022] Refer to the attached Figure 1 to the attached Figure 6 As shown, an external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer circle includes a bed 1, a workpiece spindle 2, a steady rest 3, a grinding wheel spindle 4, a grinding wheel spindle swing angle device 5, and a grinding wheel dresser provided on the workpiece spindle 2.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present invention, a Z-direction slide plate 11 for installing the workpiece spindle 2 and the steady rest 3 and an X-direction slide plate 12 for installing the grinding wheel spindle 4 and the grinding wheel spindle swing angle device 5 are provided on the upper end surface of the bed 1, and an X-direction transmission mechanism and a Z-direction transmission mechanism are respectively provided below the X-direction slide plate 12 and the Z-direction slide plate 11.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present invention, the external thread grinding machine can directly dispense with the tailstock, clamp the outer circle of the end of the workpiece by the workpiece spindle 2, and then drive the workpiece to rotate, supplemented by the steady rest 3 to support the outer circle of the workpiece. Therefore, the whole workpiece is positioned by the outer circle, and then the grinding operation is completed.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, one or more steady rests 3 (refer to the attached Figure 6 ) can be sequentially provided, so that it can be set according to the length of the machined part to cope with the machining of long shaft parts, further improve the rigidity during machining, reduce errors. The steady rest 3 includes a first jaw mechanism 31, a second jaw mechanism 32 provided on the same side of the frame body 34, and a ejector rod mechanism 33 provided between the first jaw mechanism 31 and the second jaw mechanism 32. An activity cavity for placing the workpiece is provided between the first jaw mechanism 31, the second jaw mechanism 32 and the ejector rod mechanism 33, which is used to support the outer circle of the workpiece to be machined.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first jaw mechanism 31 includes a first jaw 311 hinged to the frame body 34, a first ejector rod 312 acting on the tail end of the first jaw 311, and a first floating pressing plate 313 provided at the movable end of the first jaw 311. A first adjusting nut 314 for adjusting the reciprocating movement of the first ejector rod 312 is provided on one side of the frame body 34.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second jaw mechanism 32 includes a second jaw 321 hinged to the frame 34 at one end and a second ejector rod 322 for pushing the other end of the second jaw 321 to swing up and down. A second floating pressure plate 323 is provided at the end of the second jaw 321 corresponding to the first jaw mechanism 31, and a second adjusting nut 324 is provided at the end of the second ejector rod 322 away from the second jaw 321.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ejector rod mechanism 33 includes a third ejector rod 331 and a floating top block 332 provided at one end of the third ejector rod 331. A third adjusting nut 333 is provided at the end of the third ejector rod 331 away from the floating top block 332. Thus, one end of the workpiece can be clamped by the workpiece spindle 2, and the outer circle of the workpiece can be supported by adjusting the first adjusting nut 314, the second adjusting nut 324, and the third adjusting nut 333. Furthermore, the grinding operation of the external thread can be completed without grinding the center hole and tailstock support, optimizing the process flow, reducing the processing cost, and improving the processing efficiency.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first floating pressure plate 313 and the first jaw 311, the floating top block 332 and the third ejector rod 331, and the second floating pressure plate 323 and the second jaw 321 are all connected in a floating manner, which can adapt to various complex parts and working conditions, with simple operation and effective vibration reduction, thereby improving the processing efficiency and processing accuracy.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the center rest 3 of the present external thread grinding machine can also adopt a design that omits the first jaw mechanism 31, the second jaw mechanism 32, and the ejector rod mechanism 33, and directly uses a V-block to position the outer circle of the workpiece to complete the subsequent grinding operation.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the swing angle device 5 of the grinding wheel spindle includes a column 51, a first drive motor 52 provided on the column 51, and a swing part that can rotate the grinding wheel spindle 4 through the first drive motor 52. The swing part includes a guiding brake plate 61, a swing mandrel, a swing sliding plate 63 that can rotate around the swing mandrel, and a connecting rod perpendicular to the swing sliding plate 63. The grinding wheel spindle 4 is provided on the swing sliding plate 63. Two first rolling bearings are provided at intervals on the connecting rod, and two second rolling bearings are sleeved on the swing mandrel. The two second rolling bearings are respectively provided at both ends of the swing mandrel, thus further improving the swing accuracy and load-bearing capacity of the swing mandrel. It is also possible not to require the A-axis swing angle, that is, there is no need for the swing angle device 5 of the grinding wheel spindle on the machine body 1, and reference can be made to the appendix Figure 5 .

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the swing sliding plate 63 away from the swing spindle is slidably connected to the guide brake plate 61. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the output end of the first driving motor 52, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the swing sliding plate 63. That is, the driving mode of motor plus lead screw is adopted. Therefore, not only the load-bearing capacity is improved, but also the driving force is further increased.

[0033] An angle encoder is provided at one end of the swing spindle away from the swing sliding plate 63, so as to know the accuracy of the swing angle through the feedback of the angle encoder, and the swing angle is closed-loop controlled through the angle encoder to ensure the swing angle accuracy.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, a rough grinding wheel 41 and a finish grinding wheel 42 are concentrically arranged on the grinding wheel spindle 4. The rough grinding wheel 41 is located outside the finish grinding wheel 42. That is, the rough grinding wheel 41 and the finish grinding wheel 42 are stacked and installed on the same grinding wheel spindle 4. Therefore, when rough grinding the part, the finish grinding wheel 42 will not interfere with the tailstock, realizing that one grinding wheel spindle can not only meet the rough grinding of the part to remove most of the grinding allowance, and then the finish grinding wheel 42 is used to finish the contour to ensure accuracy, improve efficiency and reduce costs.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the grinding wheel dresser is preferably a diamond roller spindle, which is installed on the spindle head of the workpiece spindle 2 and is coaxially arranged with the workpiece spindle 2. Therefore, the power of the workpiece spindle 2 can be borrowed for rotation, and the diamond roller is used to dress the rough grinding wheel 41 and the finish grinding wheel 42, so that there is no need to separately set a diamond roller spindle, effectively reducing the size of the grinding machine.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the guide brake plate 61 is heat-treated on both sides with high-performance steel, which not only ensures the smoothness of sliding, but also improves the brake strength and reduces the process difficulty. A brake device for fixing the position of the swing sliding plate 63 is provided on one side of the guide brake plate 61. The brake device includes a second driving motor arranged on the column 51. The guide brake plate 61 can be made to approach or move away from the swing sliding plate 63 through the second driving motor, and the swing sliding plate 63 and the grinding wheel spindle 4 are locked and held tightly through the brake device to fix their specific positions.

[0037] The processing technology using this external thread grinding machine includes the following steps. First, adjust the first jaw mechanism 31, the second jaw mechanism 32, and the ejector rod mechanism 33 to adapt to workpieces of different sizes, and place the workpiece to be processed in the movable cavity. Further, rotate the first adjusting nut 314, the second adjusting nut 324, and the third adjusting nut 333 so that the first ejector rod 312 pushes the first floating pressure plate 313, the second ejector rod 322 pushes the second floating pressure plate 323, and the third ejector rod 331 pushes the floating ejector block 332 to support the outer circle of the workpiece. Further, move the frame 34 along the Z-axis and cooperate with the workpiece spindle 2 on one side to clamp the outer circle of the workpiece, completing the fixation of the workpiece to be processed. Further, make the swing sliding plate 63 slide in a circular motion along the swing mandrel on the column 51 and the guide brake plate 61 through the first drive motor 52, and swing the grinding wheel spindle 4 to the corresponding angle. Finally, process the outer circle surface of the workpiece to be processed in the movable cavity with the rough grinding wheel 41 and the finish grinding wheel 42 respectively, and use the grinding wheel dresser to shape the rough grinding wheel 41 and the finish grinding wheel 42.

[0038] This external thread grinding machine does not require the tailstock to hold the small roller shaft parts. One end of the workpiece spindle 2 is used to clamp the outer circle, and the center support 3 supports the outer circle of the workpiece. The external thread grinding process can be completed with the workpiece positioned by its outer circle.

Claims

1. An external thread grinding machine without a tailstock that is positioned by the outer circle, characterized in that, Comprising: A bed body (1), on the upper end surface of the bed body (1), there is a Z-direction slide plate (11) and an X-direction slide plate (12); A workpiece spindle (2), the workpiece spindle (2) is installed on the Z-direction slide plate (11); A steady rest (3), the steady rest (3) is installed on the Z-direction slide plate (11), and the steady rest (3) is used to support the outer circle of the workpiece; A grinding wheel spindle (4), the grinding wheel spindle (4) is arranged on the X-direction slide plate (12).

2. The external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer circle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steady rest (3) includes one or more frame bodies (34) arranged along the Z-direction slide plate (11), and a first jaw mechanism (31), a second jaw mechanism (32) and a ejector rod mechanism (33) respectively arranged on the same side of the frame body (34).

3. The external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer circle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first jaw mechanism (31) includes a first jaw (311) hinged to the frame body (34), a first ejector rod (312) acting on the tail end of the first jaw (311), and a first floating pressure plate (313) arranged at the movable end of the first jaw (311).

4. The external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer circle according to claim 3, characterized in that: On one side of the frame body (34), there is a first adjusting nut (314) for adjusting the reciprocating movement of the first ejector rod (312).

5. The external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer circle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second jaw mechanism (32) includes a second jaw (321) with one end hinged to the frame body (34) and a second ejector rod (322) for pushing the other end of the second jaw (321) to swing up and down. At the end of the second jaw (321) corresponding to the first jaw mechanism (31), there is a second floating pressure plate (323).

6. The external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer circle according to claim 5, characterized in that: At the end of the second ejector rod (322) far from the second jaw (321), there is a second adjusting nut (324).

7. The external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer circle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ejector rod mechanism (33) includes a third ejector rod (331) and a floating ejector block (332) arranged at one end of the third ejector rod (331). At the end of the third ejector rod (331) far from the floating ejector block (332), there is a third adjusting nut (333).

8. The external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer circle according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a grinding wheel spindle swing angle device (5), the grinding wheel spindle swing angle device (5) includes a column (51), a first driving motor (52) arranged on the column (51), and a swing part that can make the grinding wheel spindle (4) rotate through the first driving motor (52). The swing part includes a guiding brake plate (61), a swing mandrel, and a swing sliding plate (63) that can rotate around the swing mandrel. The end of the swing sliding plate (63) far from the swing mandrel is slidably connected to the guiding brake plate (61).

9. The external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer circle according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the grinding wheel spindle (4), a rough grinding wheel (41) and a fine grinding wheel (42) are concentrically arranged, and the rough grinding wheel (41) is located outside the fine grinding wheel (42).

10. A processing technology using an external thread grinding machine without a tailstock positioned by the outer circle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Including the following steps: 1), Adjust the first jaw mechanism (31), the second jaw mechanism (32) and the ejector rod mechanism (33), and place the workpiece to be processed in the cavity. 2), Rotate the first adjusting nut (314), the second adjusting nut (324), and the third adjusting nut (333) so that the first ejector rod (312) pushes the first floating pressure plate (313), the second ejector rod (322) pushes the second floating pressure plate (323), and the third ejector rod (331) pushes the floating top block (332) to support the outer circle of the workpiece; 3), Move the frame (34) along the Z-axis and cooperate with the workpiece spindle (2) on one side to clamp the outer circle of the workpiece to complete the fixation of the workpiece to be processed; 4), Through the first drive motor (52), make the swing sliding plate (63) slide in a circular motion along the swing mandrel on the column (51) and the guiding brake plate (61), and swing the grinding wheel spindle (4) to the corresponding angle; 5), Process the outer circle surface of the workpiece to be processed in the movable cavity through the rough grinding wheel (41) and the finish grinding wheel (42) respectively.

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