Water-based soldering flux for photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB assembly and preparation method of water-based soldering flux

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-based soldering flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB assembly and a preparation method of the water-based soldering flux, and belongs to the technical field of soldering flux. The soldering flux is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of deionized water, 30-50 parts of an alcohol solvent, 2-8 parts of a high-boiling-point solvent, 1-4 parts of organic acid, 0.1-1 part of a surfactant, 0.1-1 part of an antioxidant, 0.1-1 part of a corrosion inhibitor, 0-1 part of psicose and 0-1 part of trimethylolpropane tricaprylate. According to the invention, the problem of negative influence on tension of thermosetting adhesive and alloying of a fine grid when a traditional soldering flux is applied to a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB assembly is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soldering fluxes, and more specifically, to an aqueous soldering flux for photovoltaic N-type cell 0BB modules and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of photovoltaic cell technology, N-type TOPCon technology and HJT technology have emerged as the times require, and N-type modules are constantly replacing PERC modules. In recent years, with the skyrocketing international silver price, it has brought unprecedented cost anxiety to photovoltaic cells and modules. In order to reduce the manufacturing cost at the module end, major module manufacturers have successively launched N-type 0BB module products. The so-called 0BB means that the cell has no main grid and is all fine grids, which reduces the usage of silver paste and increases the current collection, but at the same time brings greater challenges to welding. The traditional module welding process can no longer match the 0BB module process, which brings greater challenges to the auxiliary material and equipment manufacturers involved in the welding process, especially the soldering flux manufacturers.

[0003] Existing soldering fluxes are mostly alcohol-based, using some low-boiling alcohols as solvents and matching soldering flux activators, additives, etc. Such soldering fluxes have now been applied to the welding process of conventional modules. Due to the low boiling point and fast volatilization of this type of soldering flux, it crystallizes and precipitates quickly and has a lot of crystallization during the actual welding process, and the acid content increases, which affects the curing rate of the thermosetting adhesive; especially during the welding process of 0BB modules, it is easy to interact with the dispensing process of the thermosetting adhesive, resulting in low tensile strength of the thermosetting adhesive on the fine grids of the cells, and the soldering flux has a poor alloying effect on the fine grids of the cells, and it is easy to produce false soldering. The traditional alcohol-based soldering flux has a great influence on the welding process of 0BB modules. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and provide an aqueous soldering flux for photovoltaic N-type cell 0BB modules and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An aqueous soldering flux for photovoltaic N-type cell 0BB modules is made of raw materials including the following parts by weight: 30-60 parts of deionized water, 30-50 parts of alcohol solvent, 2-8 parts of high-boiling solvent, 1-4 parts of organic acid, 0.1-1 part of surfactant, 0.1-1 part of antioxidant, 0.1-1 part of corrosion inhibitor, 0-1 part of allulose, and 0-1 part of trimethylolpropane trioctanoate.

[0007] The present invention is further provided that the alcohol solvent is isopropyl alcohol.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the high-boiling solvent is at least one of diethylene glycol butyl ether, tripropylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and ethylene glycol butyl ether.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the organic acid is at least one of acetic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, glutaric acid, and tartaric acid.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the surfactant is at least one of rosin alcohol ether surfactant, alkyl polyglycoside, and OP-10.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the antioxidant is at least one of ascorbic acid and 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the corrosion inhibitor is at least one of triethanolamine and benzotriazole.

[0013] The present invention is further configured to be made from the following raw materials by weight: 49 parts of deionized water, 45 parts of alcohol solvent, 3 parts of high-boiling solvent, 2.5 parts of organic acid, 0.3 part of surfactant, 0.1 part of antioxidant, and 0.1 part of corrosion inhibitor.

[0014] The present invention is further configured to be made from the following raw materials by weight: 49 parts of deionized water, 45 parts of alcohol solvent, 3 parts of high-boiling solvent, 2.5 parts of organic acid, 0.3 part of surfactant, 0.1 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of corrosion inhibitor, 0.5 part of allulose, and 0.5 part of trimethylolpropane trioctanoate.

[0015] A preparation method of a water-based flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB assembly is to sequentially add deionized water, alcohol solvent, high-boiling solvent, organic acid, surfactant, antioxidant, and corrosion inhibitor into a stirring container in proportion, with or without adding allulose and trimethylolpropane trioctanoate, and stir and mix evenly to obtain the water-based flux for the photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB assembly.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Through the compatibility design of raw materials such as alcohol solvent, high-boiling solvent, organic acid, surfactant, antioxidant, and corrosion inhibitor, a water-based flux is prepared, which can be applied to the welding process of photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB assemblies, and solves the influence of traditional fluxes on the tensile force of thermosetting glue and the alloying of fine grids in 0BB assemblies. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The water-based flux for the 0BB assembly of the photovoltaic N-type battery of the present invention is made of raw materials including the following parts by weight: 30 - 60 parts of deionized water, 30 - 50 parts of alcohol solvent, 2 - 8 parts of high-boiling solvent, 1 - 4 parts of organic acid, 0.1 - 1 part of surfactant, 0.1 - 1 part of antioxidant, 0.1 - 1 part of corrosion inhibitor, 0 - 1 part of allulose, and 0 - 1 part of trimethylolpropane trioctanoate. Among them, the alcohol solvent is isopropyl alcohol; the high-boiling solvent is at least one of diethylene glycol butyl ether, tripropylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and ethylene glycol butyl ether; the organic acid is at least one of acetic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, glutaric acid, and tartaric acid; the surfactant is at least one of rosin alcohol ether surfactant, alkyl glycoside, and OP-10; the antioxidant is at least one of ascorbic acid and 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol; the corrosion inhibitor is at least one of triethanolamine and benzotriazole.

[0020] At room temperature, deionized water, alcohol solvent, high-boiling solvent, organic acid, surfactant, antioxidant, and corrosion inhibitor are sequentially added to a stirring container in proportion, with or without adding allulose and trimethylolpropane trioctanoate, and stirred and mixed evenly to obtain the water-based flux for the 0BB assembly of the photovoltaic N-type battery.

[0021] Comparative Example 1

[0022] At room temperature, 1.9 parts by mass of organic acid (a mixture of malic acid, citric acid, glutaric acid, and malonic acid in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1), 0.1 part by mass of fluorocarbon surfactant, 0.1 part by mass of ascorbic acid, 3 parts by mass of tripropylene glycol butyl ether, and 94.9 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol are mixed and stirred evenly at room temperature to obtain an alcohol-based no-clean flux.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] At room temperature, 44.5 parts by mass of deionized water, 50 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol, 3 parts by mass of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 2 parts by mass of organic acid (a mixture of acetic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, and glutaric acid in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1), 0.3 part by mass of surfactant OP-10, 0.1 part by mass of ascorbic acid, and 0.1 part by mass of benzotriazole corrosion inhibitor are sequentially added to a stirring container and stirred and mixed evenly to obtain the water-based flux for the 0BB assembly of the photovoltaic N-type battery.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] At room temperature, 45.95 parts by mass of deionized water, 48 parts by mass of isopropanol, 3 parts by mass of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 2.5 parts by mass of organic acid (a mixture of acetic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, and glutaric acid in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1), 0.35 parts by mass of surfactant OP-10, 0.1 parts by mass of ascorbic acid, and 0.1 parts by mass of benzotriazole were sequentially added to a stirring container and stirred evenly to obtain a water-based soldering flux for photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB modules.

[0027] Example 3

[0028] At room temperature, 48.9 parts by mass of deionized water, 45 parts by mass of isopropanol, 3.5 parts by mass of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 2 parts by mass of organic acid (a mixture of acetic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, and glutaric acid in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1), 0.35 parts by mass of surfactant OP-10, 0.1 parts by mass of ascorbic acid, and 0.15 parts by mass of benzotriazole were sequentially added to a stirring container and stirred evenly to obtain a water-based soldering flux for photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB modules.

[0029] Example 4

[0030] At room temperature, 49 parts by mass of deionized water, 45 parts by mass of isopropanol, 3 parts by mass of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 2.5 parts by mass of organic acid (a mixture of acetic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, and glutaric acid in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1), 0.3 parts by mass of surfactant OP-10, 0.1 parts by mass of ascorbic acid, and 0.1 parts by mass of benzotriazole were sequentially added to a stirring container and stirred evenly to obtain a water-based soldering flux for photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB modules.

[0031] At room temperature, the water-based soldering fluxes of Examples 1 - 4 and Comparative Example 1 were respectively applied to weld the fine grids and PAD points of the battery chips in the photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB modules. The specific test results are shown in Table 1 (a horizontal tensile tester was used in conjunction with a "battery chip welding tensile test fixture" to perform multi-angle peeling tests on the battery chips to measure the tensile force; the specific method is as follows: adjust the angle to 90° on the battery chip welding tensile platform, then hook the soldering tape that has been welded well, connect the hook to the horizontal tensile test, and then pull forward evenly until a complete tensile force value appears on the tensile tester; record the tensile force value, conduct three parallel experiments, and calculate the average tensile force).

[0032] Table 1

[0033]

[0034] Example 5

[0035] At room temperature, 48.5 parts by mass of deionized water, 45 parts by mass of isopropanol, 3 parts by mass of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 2.5 parts by mass of organic acid (a mixture of acetic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, and glutaric acid in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1), 0.3 parts by mass of surfactant OP-10, 0.1 parts by mass of ascorbic acid, 0.1 parts by mass of benzotriazole, and 0.5 parts by mass of allulose are added to a stirring container in sequence and stirred evenly to obtain a water-based soldering flux for the 0BB assembly of photovoltaic N-type batteries.

[0036] Example 6

[0037] At room temperature, 48.5 parts by mass of deionized water, 45 parts by mass of isopropanol, 3 parts by mass of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 2.5 parts by mass of organic acid (a mixture of acetic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, and glutaric acid in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1), 0.3 parts by mass of surfactant OP-10, 0.1 parts by mass of ascorbic acid, 0.1 parts by mass of benzotriazole, and 0.5 parts by mass of trimethylolpropane trioctanoate are added to a stirring container in sequence and stirred evenly to obtain a water-based soldering flux for the 0BB assembly of photovoltaic N-type batteries.

[0038] Example 7

[0039] At room temperature, 48 parts by mass of deionized water, 45 parts by mass of isopropanol, 3 parts by mass of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 2.5 parts by mass of organic acid (a mixture of acetic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, and glutaric acid in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1), 0.3 parts by mass of surfactant OP-10, 0.1 parts by mass of ascorbic acid, 0.1 parts by mass of benzotriazole, 0.5 parts by mass of allulose, and 0.5 parts by mass of trimethylolpropane trioctanoate are added to a stirring container in sequence and stirred evenly to obtain a water-based soldering flux for the 0BB assembly of photovoltaic N-type batteries.

[0040] At room temperature, the water-based soldering fluxes of Examples 5 - 7 are respectively applied to solder the fine grids and PAD points of the battery chips in the 0BB assembly of photovoltaic N-type batteries. After performance testing, it is found that after using the water-based soldering fluxes of Examples 5 - 7, the front adhesive point tensile strength, back adhesive point tensile strength, front and back qualification rate, alloy ratio, and component A-grade product rate are all higher than those of Examples 1 - 4, and the 0BB adhesive point front adhesive point tensile strength (0.48 N), 0BB adhesive point back adhesive point tensile strength (0.42 N), alloy tensile strength at the PAD point is 1.42 N, front and back qualification rate (99.61%), alloy ratio (99.74%), and component A-grade product rate (99.85%) corresponding to Example 7 are the highest.

[0041] The PV N-type cell 0BB assemblies soldered with the water-based soldering fluxes of Examples 4-7 were aged under the conditions of 85 °C and 90% humidity. It was found that black spots and yellow spots appeared on the PV N-type cell 0BB assemblies soldered with the water-based soldering fluxes of Examples 4-7 after 96 h, 161 h, 100 h, and 283 h of aging, respectively.

[0042] The water-based soldering flux for PV N-type cell 0BB assemblies provided by the present invention can be applied to the soldering of solder tapes and cell wafers. According to the data in Table 1 and Table 2, all the water-based soldering fluxes provided by the examples of the present invention meet the performance requirements (0BB glue point tensile strength > 0.3 N, alloy tensile strength at the cell PAD point > 1 N, high front and back surface qualification rate > 95%, high alloy ratio > 95%, component A-grade product rate > 99.5%); while the 0BB glue point tensile strength of the traditional alcohol-based soldering flux (Comparative Example 1) is low < 0.1 N, the front and back surface qualification rate is low < 50%, and the component A-grade product rate is low < 40%, and its performance is far inferior to that of the examples of the present invention.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-based soldering flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB component, characterized in that, It is made from raw materials including the following parts by weight: 30 - 60 parts of deionized water, 30 - 50 parts of alcohol solvent, 2 - 8 parts of high-boiling solvent, 1 - 4 parts of organic acid, 0.1 - 1 part of surfactant, 0.1 - 1 part of antioxidant, 0.1 - 1 part of corrosion inhibitor, 0 - 1 part of allulose, and 0 - 1 part of trimethylolpropane trioctanoate.

2. The water-based soldering flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alcohol solvent is isopropyl alcohol.

3. A water-based flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-boiling solvent is at least one of diethylene glycol butyl ether, tripropylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and ethylene glycol butyl ether.

4. The water-based soldering flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB component according to claim 1, characterized in that The organic acid is at least one of acetic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, citric acid, glutaric acid, and tartaric acid.

5. The water-based soldering flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB assembly according to claim 1, wherein The surfactant is at least one of rosin alcohol ether surfactant, alkyl glycoside, and OP-10.

6. The water-based soldering flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB component according to claim 1, wherein The antioxidant is at least one of ascorbic acid and 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol.

7. A water-based soldering flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corrosion inhibitor is at least one of triethanolamine and benzotriazole.

8. A water-based soldering flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB component according to claim 1, wherein, It is made from raw materials including the following parts by weight: 49 parts of deionized water, 45 parts of alcohol solvent, 3 parts of high-boiling solvent, 2.5 parts of organic acid, 0.3 part of surfactant, 0.1 part of antioxidant, and 0.1 part of corrosion inhibitor.

9. The water-based soldering flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, It is made from raw materials including the following parts by weight: 49 parts of deionized water, 45 parts of alcohol solvent, 3 parts of high-boiling solvent, 2.5 parts of organic acid, 0.3 part of surfactant, 0.1 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of corrosion inhibitor, 0.5 part of allulose, and 0.5 part of trimethylolpropane trioctanoate.

10. A preparation method of a water-based soldering flux for a photovoltaic N-type battery 0BB component according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Add deionized water, alcohol solvent, high-boiling solvent, organic acid, surfactant, antioxidant, and corrosion inhibitor into a stirring container in sequence according to the ratio, with or without adding allulose and trimethylolpropane trioctanoate, and stir evenly to obtain the water-based soldering flux for the 0BB module of the photovoltaic N-type battery.

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