Heat exchanger capable of preventing short circuit and flow leakage and processing and manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-short-circuit leakage flow heat exchanger and a processing and manufacturing method. The device comprises a cylinder body, disc-shaped baffle plates and annular baffle plates are arranged in the cylinder body, the disc-shaped baffle plates and the annular baffle plates are coaxially arranged, and the outer diameter of each disc-shaped baffle plate is smaller than that of each annular baffle plate; liquid flowing in from the inlet can flow around through blocking of all the disc-shaped baffle plates and then flow out towards the outlet through center holes of all the annular baffle plates, blocking pieces blocking the gaps are arranged on the edges of all the annular baffle plates, and liquid in the barrel can be prevented from leaking from the gaps in a short-circuit mode through blocking of the blocking pieces. The heat exchanger has the advantages that fluid can be effectively guided to flow according to a preset path, liquid short circuit leakage is reduced, the heat exchange capacity is effectively improved, meanwhile, the alternately-arranged baffle plates are adopted, the effect of the heat exchanger is better, the baffle rings can be well attached to the sealing cone, and the fluid is prevented from flowing through a gap between the sealing cone and the inner wall of the barrel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the flow channel structure design of a heat exchange device, specifically an anti-short-circuit leakage heat exchanger and its processing and manufacturing method. Background Art

[0002] As an important device capable of realizing efficient energy conversion and saving energy, the heat exchanger plays a crucial role in industry. Its application scope is wide, covering various industrial fields. In the design and processing of heat exchangers, preventing liquid short circuit can more effectively utilize heat energy, improve heat transfer efficiency, and is also the key to realizing energy conservation and carbon reduction.

[0003] Liquid short circuit refers to the situation where part of the liquid directly flows from the inlet to the outlet of the heat exchanger through the gap with smaller resistance. This part of the liquid does not participate or participates little in the heat exchange process, reducing the heat transfer amount of the entire system and greatly reducing the heat transfer efficiency and the energy efficiency of the system. Especially for some heat exchangers with a smaller shell-side inlet diameter and a larger heat exchanger diameter, as well as some heat exchangers with a smaller inlet flow rate where fluid short circuit and leakage have a greater impact on heat transfer, there is a gap between the circular baffle and the inner wall of the cylinder (the fundamental reason is that during the manufacturing process, due to the influence of factors such as cylinder rolling and welding, the inner diameter of the cylinder wall cannot be guaranteed to be absolutely circular. For the convenience of installation, the outer diameter of the baffle is also smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder. Therefore, relying solely on the baffle, it is inevitable to form a bypass). The fluid directly flows through the gap, reducing the axial symmetry effect of the fluid and forming a bypass, thus affecting the heat transfer efficiency. Often, a slight gap can reduce the heat transfer effect by 5% - 15%. Therefore, how to avoid the gap between the shell and the circular baffle is of great importance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an anti-short-circuit leakage heat exchanger and its processing and manufacturing method.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the anti-short-circuit leakage heat exchanger of the present invention includes a cylinder body having an inlet and an outlet. A plurality of disk-shaped baffles and circular baffles are arranged in a staggered manner inside the cylinder body. Each disk-shaped baffle and circular baffle are coaxially arranged and the outer diameter of each disk-shaped baffle is smaller than the outer diameter of the circular baffle. The liquid flowing in from the inlet can pass through the obstruction of each disk-shaped baffle and flow around, and then flow out towards the outlet through the central holes of each circular baffle. A blocking member is provided at the edge of each circular baffle to block the gap between the circular baffle and the cylinder body. Through the blocking of the blocking member, the liquid inside the cylinder can be prevented from short-circuiting and leaking through the gap between the circular baffle and the cylinder body.

[0006] The blocking member is a sealing cone fixedly installed on the front side of the circular baffle, and the edge of the sealing cone contacts the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0007] The sealed cone is composed of an annular connecting part fixedly installed on the front end face of the annular baffle plate and a conical part connected to the outer peripheral edge of the front side of the annular connecting part. The conical part extends from the edge of the annular baffle plate to the front lower part of the cylinder body and contacts the inner wall of the cylinder body.

[0008] The thickness of the sealed cone is 0.5 - 1 mm.

[0009] The adjacent disc baffle plates and annular baffle plates are evenly distributed and arranged staggeredly.

[0010] A retaining ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cylinder body, which is located outside each annular baffle plate and faces its outer circumferential surface. The retaining ring is located behind the blocking member.

[0011] The gap between the retaining ring and the outer circumferential surface of the annular baffle plate is between 1 - 2 mm.

[0012] Disc baffle plates and annular baffle plates are arranged on the left and right sides of the inlet and outlet.

[0013] A processing method for the anti - short - circuit leakage heat exchanger as described above includes the following steps: A. After blanking the disc baffle plates and annular baffle plates, clean the burrs and level them. Then, arrange each pair of disc baffle plates and annular baffle plates in sequence and stagger them tightly. After spot - welding firmly, process them. Mark the order of each disc baffle plate and annular baffle plate for easy assembly. When cutting and processing the tube holes on the disc baffle plates and annular baffle plates, ensure that the remaining chord height of the tube holes is less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the tube hole, and chamfers are processed at both ends of the tube holes. B. Weld the cylinder body and the tube sheet with pull - rod holes. After the cylinder body and the tube sheet with pull - rod holes are welded together, screw in the pull - rods and insert the first group of spacer tubes. Then, install the disc baffle plates and insert a small number of heat exchange tubes for coaxiality adjustment, and then insert the second group of spacer tubes. When installing the annular baffle plates, make marks according to the length of the spacer tubes and the position of the annular baffle plates after they are in place. Weld a retaining ring below the annular baffle plates, and keep the gap between the retaining ring and the annular baffle plates at 1 - 2 mm. Then, install the first annular baffle plate, adjust the coaxiality, and weld a sealed cone on the annular baffle plate. Weld the annular connecting part of the sealed cone to the baffle plate, and correct the conical part according to the inner diameter of the cylinder body to ensure that the conical part fits the cylinder body. C. Install each disc baffle plate and annular baffle plate in the above order. After all the disc baffle plates and annular baffle plates are assembled, fix the pull - rods firmly and tighten the nuts. Finally, insert all the heat exchange tubes.

[0014] In step C, during the tube insertion process, if the tube insertion is blocked, shake the heat exchange tube or gently tap the heat exchange tube with a wooden stick to make it enter smoothly.

[0015] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: Through the ingenious design of the blocking member, the retaining ring and the corresponding flow channels, the fluid can be effectively guided to flow along a predetermined path, reducing the short-circuit leakage of the liquid, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange capacity. At the same time, it adopts a baffle form with disk-shaped baffles and ring-shaped baffles arranged alternately, making the effect better. Especially the retaining ring around the ring-shaped baffle is welded to the inner wall of the cylinder. Under the action of the fluid and pressure, the retaining ring can fit well with the sealing cone, preventing the fluid from flowing through the gap between the sealing cone and the inner wall of the cylinder. In addition, during the structural design process, a processing plan matching the design scheme is considered to allow the shell-side fluid to flow along the set flow channels, reducing the short-circuit leakage of the liquid, thereby fully improving the overall heat exchange capacity of the equipment from both design and manufacturing aspects. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-short-circuit leakage heat exchanger of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A of Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-short-circuit leakage heat exchanger of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0017] The anti-short-circuit leakage heat exchanger and the processing method of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. Embodiment 1

[0018] As shown in the figure, the anti-short-circuit leakage heat exchanger of the present invention in this embodiment includes a cylinder 3 with an inlet 1 and an outlet 2. A plurality of alternately arranged disk-shaped baffles 4 and ring-shaped baffles 5 with a central hole are arranged inside the cylinder 3. It can be seen from the figure that the disk-shaped baffles 4 and the ring-shaped baffles 5 can be arranged between the inlet 1 and the outlet 2. Of course, it can also be as Figure 3 shown, disk-shaped baffles 4 and ring-shaped baffles 5 are arranged on both the left and right sides of the inlet 1 and the outlet 2. Each disk-shaped baffle 4 and the ring-shaped baffle 5 are coaxially arranged and the outer diameter of each disk-shaped baffle 4 is smaller than the outer diameter of the ring-shaped baffle 5. Of course, the outer diameter of the disk-shaped baffle 4 is larger than the diameter of the central hole of the ring-shaped baffle 5. It can be Figure 1 seen that the liquid flowing in from the inlet 1 can flow around through the blockage of the disk-shaped baffle 4 and then flow out towards the outlet 2 through the central hole 6 of the adjacent ring-shaped baffle 5. A blocking member 7 is arranged at the edge of each ring-shaped baffle 5 to block the gap between the ring-shaped baffle and the cylinder. In this embodiment, the said blocking member 7 is fixedly installed on the front side of the ring-shaped baffle 5 ( Figure 1a sealing cone (the right side shown is defined as the front side), and the edge of the sealing cone contacts the inner wall of the cylinder. As can be seen from the figure, the sealing cone is an integral structure composed of an annular connecting part 8 fixedly installed on the front end face of the annular baffle 5 and a conical part 9 connected to the outer peripheral edge of the front side of the annular connecting part. The conical part 9 extends from the edge of the annular baffle 5 to the front lower part of the cylinder and contacts the inner wall of the cylinder. During installation, the annular connecting part 8 of the sealing cone is welded to the annular baffle 5 by seal welding, that is: the annular connecting part 8 of the sealing cone is welded on the medium inlet side of the annular baffle 5 to prevent liquid from leaking through the gap between the annular baffle 5 and the annular connecting disk 8. The conical part 9 of the sealing cone is closely attached to the inner wall of the cylinder. Specifically, in terms of the cross-section view ( Figure 2 the cross-section direction shown), the cross-sectional shape of the sealing cone is a specific cross-sectional structure shape composed of a vertical section fixedly installed on the front side of the annular baffle and an inclined section connected to the vertical section. It forms an overall sealing cone surrounding the outer edge of the annular baffle 5. The thickness of the sealing cone is 0.3 - 1 mm, preferably 0.8 mm. In addition, the outer diameter of the conical part 9 of the sealing cone can be adjusted according to the actual size of the cylinder to better fit the cylinder. When the equipment is operating under the action of the inlet pressure (considering the pressure difference in the direction of the medium flow), the large end (outer diameter edge side) of the conical part 9 will move backward in the flow direction and further closely adhere to the cylinder to prevent short-circuit leakage. Its main function is to prevent fluid from flowing through the gap between the annular baffle and the inner wall of the cylinder, thereby affecting the heat exchange efficiency. Thus, through the blocking of the blocking part 7, the liquid in the cylinder can be prevented from short-circuiting and leaking through the gap between the annular baffle and the cylinder. That is to say, in the present invention, mainly on the annular baffle, a blocking part 7 is welded on the fluid inlet side, and the outer diameter of the blocking part 7 is as close as possible to the inner wall of the cylinder, so as to reduce the flow of fluid through the gap. When the equipment is operating under the action of the inlet pressure (considering the pressure difference in the direction of the medium flow), the large end of the conical part 9 will move backward in the flow direction and further closely adhere to the cylinder to prevent short-circuit leakage.

[0019] Furthermore, adjacent disk-shaped baffles 4 and annular baffles 5 are evenly distributed and staggered, that is, in the cylinder, there are arranged large-diameter annular baffles 5 and small-diameter disk-shaped baffles 4 that are alternately arranged at intervals. This structure makes the medium flow have axial symmetry, and the flow is mostly parallel flow opposite to the tube bundle. Its main advantages are: small flow resistance: due to the use of parallel flow, the flow resistance is smaller than that of a single-segmented baffle; small vibration: the vibration caused by the cross-flow perpendicular to the heat exchange tubes is small (because there is an annular baffle 5, the gap with the shell-side cylinder is small, and the fluid at the shell-side inlet impacts the heat exchange tubes, so the vibration will be very small); suitable for high pressure and clean materials.

[0020] Furthermore, since the sealing cone is relatively thin, when the pressure difference is large, considering that the sealing cone may be damaged, a retaining ring 10 may also be fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cylinder body 3, which is located outside the circular baffle and faces its outer circumferential surface. The retaining ring 10 is located behind the blocking member 7, that is, behind the sealing cone ( Figure 2 a retaining ring is arranged at the lower part of the circular baffle shown), the retaining ring is welded to the cylinder body, and a certain distance is maintained from the large end of the sealing cone (the size of the distance is subject to not affecting the thermal expansion of the heat exchange tube bundle). The inner diameter of the retaining ring is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the circular baffle, but the gap is controlled at about 1.5 mm. In this embodiment, the gap between the retaining ring 10 and the outer circumferential surface of the circular baffle 5 is between 1 and 2 mm. On the one hand, the retaining ring can be used to limit the centering degree of the circular baffle and the cylinder body, prevent the uneven peripheral spacing caused by their non-concentricity, and increase the difficulty of manufacturing and installing the sealing cone. On the other hand, by setting the retaining ring, the gap between the inner diameter of the cylinder body and the outer diameter of the sealing cone is reduced, the flow resistance of this part is increased, which is more conducive to the fluid flowing to the heat exchange area with smaller resistance, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. Thus, by setting the retaining ring, a supporting force is provided for the sealing cone to prevent the reverse damage of the sealing cone and form a leakage flow channel.

[0021] As can be seen from the above structure, although the use of the blocking member can improve the heat exchange efficiency to some extent, there will still be a little bypass fluid. The role of the retaining ring is very crucial. The retaining ring is placed around the circular baffle. When the equipment is running, due to the action of pressure and fluid, the sealing cone will bend towards the fluid outlet, and the retaining ring can well prevent the bending of the sealing cone, so that the sealing cone and the retaining ring are closely fitted, thus avoiding the gap between the circular baffle and the inner wall of the cylinder body, greatly improving the heat exchange efficiency. Under the action of fluid and pressure, the retaining ring can well fit with the sealing cone to prevent the fluid from flowing through the gap between the sealing plate and the inner wall of the shell.

[0022] In addition, when designing the structures of the disc-shaped baffle 4 and the circular baffle 5, it is necessary to keep the flow area around the disc-shaped baffle 4 consistent with the flow area in the middle of the circular baffle 5 so as to make the heat exchange of the tube-side and shell-side fluids uniform. Embodiment 2

[0023] The processing and manufacturing method of the anti-short-circuit leakage heat exchanger in this embodiment includes the following steps: A. After blanking the disc-shaped baffle 4 and the circular baffle 5, clean the burrs and level them first, and then arrange each pair of the disc-shaped baffle 4 and the circular baffle 5 in a staggered manner and press them tightly. After spot welding firmly, process them; mark the order of each disc-shaped baffle 4 and the circular baffle 5 for easy assembly; when cutting and processing the tube holes on the disc-shaped baffle 4 and the circular baffle 5, ensure that the remaining chord height of the tube holes is less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the tube hole, and chamfers are processed at both ends of the tube holes; B. Weld the cylinder body to the tube sheet with pull rod holes. After the cylinder body and the tube sheet with pull rod holes are welded together, screw in the pull rods, insert the first set of spacer tubes, then install the disc baffle 4, insert a small number of heat exchange tubes for coaxiality adjustment, and then insert the second set of spacer tubes. When installing the ring baffle 5, make marks according to the length of the spacer tubes and the position of the ring baffle after it is in place. Weld a retaining ring below the ring baffle 5, and keep the gap between the retaining ring 10 and the ring baffle 5 at 1 - 2 mm. Then install the second ring baffle 5, adjust the coaxiality, and weld a sealing cone on the ring baffle 5. The annular connecting part of the sealing cone is welded to the baffle, and the conical part is corrected according to the inner diameter of the cylinder body to ensure that the conical part fits the cylinder body. C. Install each disc baffle 4 and ring baffle 5 in sequence according to the above order. After all the disc baffles 4 and ring baffles 5 are assembled, fix the pull rods firmly and tighten the nuts. Finally, insert all the heat exchange tubes. Among them, in this step, if the tube insertion is blocked during the tube insertion process, shake the heat exchange tube or gently tap the heat exchange tube with a wooden stick to make it enter smoothly.

[0024] Compared with the traditional tube insertion method, the tube sheet with pull rod holes will be placed on the liquid inlet side of the shell side. Screw the pull rods into the tube sheet outside the cylinder body, arrange the disc baffle 4 and the ring baffle 5 in sequence with spacer tubes, insert a small number of heat exchange tubes for coaxiality adjustment, fix and tighten the pull rods, then insert all the heat exchange tubes, and finally push the entire tube bundle into the shell. This tube insertion method is quite different from the traditional tube insertion method.

[0025] Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the essence of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A short - circuit and leakage current - proof heat exchanger, comprising a cylinder body (3) with an inlet (1) and an outlet (2), characterized in that: Inside the cylinder body (3), there are multiple disk-shaped baffle plates (4) and circular ring baffle plates (5) arranged in a staggered manner. Each of the disk-shaped baffle plates (4) and circular ring baffle plates (5) is coaxially arranged, and the outer diameter of each disk-shaped baffle plate (4) is smaller than the outer diameter of the circular ring baffle plate (5). The liquid flowing in from the inlet (1) can flow around through the obstruction of each disk-shaped baffle plate (4) and then flow out towards the outlet (2) through the central holes (6) of each circular ring baffle plate (5). At the edge of each circular ring baffle plate (5), there is a blocking member (7) that blocks the gap between the circular ring baffle plate and the cylinder body. Through the blocking of the blocking member (7), the liquid in the cylinder body can be prevented from short-circuiting and leaking through the gap between the circular ring baffle plate and the cylinder body.

2. The short-circuit leakage current prevention heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: The blocking member (7) is a sealing cone fixedly installed on the front side of the circular ring baffle plate (5), and the edge of the sealing cone contacts the inner wall of the cylinder body.

3. The short-circuit leakage current prevention heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing cone is composed of an annular connecting portion (8) fixedly installed on the front side end face of the circular ring baffle plate (5) and a conical portion (9) connected to the outer peripheral edge of the front side of the annular connecting portion. The conical portion (9) extends from the edge of the circular ring baffle plate (5) towards the front lower part of the cylinder body and contacts the inner wall of the cylinder body.

4. The short-circuit leakage prevention heat exchanger according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the sealing cone is 0.5 - 1 mm.

5. The short-circuit leakage current prevention heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: Adjacent disk-shaped baffle plates (4) and circular ring baffle plates (5) are evenly distributed and arranged staggeredly.

6. The short-circuit leakage current prevention heat exchanger according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, characterized in that: On the inner wall of the cylinder body (3), a retaining ring (10) is fixedly installed outside each circular ring baffle plate and facing its outer circumferential surface. The retaining ring (10) is located behind the blocking member (7).

7. The short-circuit leakage current prevention heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gap between the retaining ring (10) and the outer circumferential surface of the circular ring baffle plate (5) is between 1 - 2 mm.

8. The short-circuit leakage prevention heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: Disk-shaped baffle plates (4) and circular ring baffle plates (5) are arranged on both the left and right sides of the inlet (1) and the outlet (2).

9. A manufacturing method of the short-circuit and leakage current prevention heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Including the following steps: A. After blanking the disk-shaped baffle plates (4) and circular ring baffle plates (5), first clean the burrs and level them. Then, arrange each pair of disk-shaped baffle plates (4) and circular ring baffle plates (5) in sequence and stagger them and press them tightly. After spot welding firmly, perform machining. Mark the sequence for each disk-shaped baffle plate (4) and circular ring baffle plate (5) for easy assembly. When cutting and machining the pipe holes on the disk-shaped baffle plates (4) and circular ring baffle plates (5), ensure that the remaining arc height of the pipe holes is less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the pipe hole, and chamfers are machined at both ends of the pipe holes. B. Weld the cylinder body to the tube sheet with pull rod holes. After the welding of the cylinder body and the tube sheet with pull rod holes, screw in the pull rod, insert the first set of spacer tubes, then install the disc baffle (4), insert a small number of heat exchange tubes for coaxiality adjustment, and then insert the second set of spacer tubes; when installing the ring baffle (5), make marks according to the length of the spacer tubes and the position after the ring baffle is in place. Weld a retaining ring under the ring baffle (5), and keep the gap between the retaining ring (10) and the ring baffle (5) at 1-2 mm. Then install the first ring baffle (5), adjust the coaxiality, weld a sealing cone on the ring baffle (5), weld the annular connecting part of the sealing cone to the baffle, and correct the conical part according to the inner diameter of the cylinder body to ensure that the conical part fits the cylinder body. C. Install each disc baffle (4) and ring baffle (5) in sequence according to the above order. After all the disc baffles (4) and ring baffles (5) are assembled, fix the pull rod firmly and tighten the nuts; finally, insert all the heat exchange tubes.

10. The manufacturing method of the short-circuit leakage prevention heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step C, if the tube insertion is blocked during the tube insertion process, make the heat exchange tube enter smoothly by shaking the heat exchange tube or gently knocking the heat exchange tube with a wooden stick.

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