High-temperature-resistant flame-retardant protective fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-performance protective textiles, and particularly relates to a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant protective fabric and a preparation method thereof.The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant protective fabric is composed of warp yarn and weft yarn, the warp yarn is formed by ceramic fiber yarn with the diameter of 15-25 micrometers and silicon carbide fiber wound and woven on the surface of the ceramic fiber yarn, and the weft yarn is formed by interweaving the silicon carbide fiber and the ceramic fiber yarn; the diameter of the silicon carbide fibers is 18 microns, the silicon carbide fibers and the ceramic fiber yarns form composite yarns, the weft yarns are blended yarns of aramid fibers and polyphenylene sulfide fibers, the proportion of the aramid fibers to the polyphenylene sulfide fibers is 6: 3: 1, and 5%-10% of flame-retardant viscose fibers are contained. Through composite treatment of the silane coupling agent and the nano silicon dioxide, the interfacial compatibility of the ceramic fiber and the organic fiber is effectively improved, when the fabric is stressed, the stress at the interface can be effectively transmitted, the fabric failure caused by interface debonding is avoided, and the overall mechanical property and durability of the fabric are remarkably enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-performance protective textiles, and particularly relates to a high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric mainly composed of ceramic fiber yarns and interwoven with aramid fibers and polyphenylene sulfide fibers, and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] In many industrial fields and special working environments, such as metallurgy, electric power, fire protection, aerospace, etc., workers are faced with dangers such as high temperature, open fire, and thermal radiation, which may cause serious harm to the human body. Therefore, extremely high requirements are put forward for the high-temperature resistance and flame-retardant properties of protective fabrics.

[0003] Existing high-temperature resistant protective fabrics mostly adopt single fibers (such as glass fibers, asbestos) or simple blending processes, and have the following problems:

[0004] 1. Ceramic fibers have high temperature resistance but high rigidity, and it is difficult to meet the flexibility requirements when used alone;

[0005] 2. Aramid fibers have good flame retardancy but insufficient long-term temperature resistance (≤250°C);

[0006] 3. Polyphenylene sulfide fibers have high costs and poor compatibility with other fibers;

[0007] Traditional interweaving processes cannot fully exert the synergistic performance of different fibers.

[0008] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a protective fabric with high temperature resistance, flame retardancy, and high strength through a specific interweaving structure.

[0009] For this reason, the present invention provides a high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one technical problem proposed in the background art.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric and its preparation method according to the present invention. The fabric is composed of warp yarns and weft yarns. The warp yarns are made of ceramic fiber yarns with a diameter of 15-25 μm, and silicon carbide fibers are wound and woven on the surface of the ceramic fiber yarns. The silicon carbide fibers have a diameter of 18 μm and form a composite yarn with the ceramic fiber yarns. The weft yarns are made of a blended yarn of aramid fiber and polyphenylene sulfide fiber. Both the aramid fiber and the polyphenylene sulfide fiber are provided with 5% - 10% flame-retardant viscose fiber. The ratio among the aramid fiber, the polyphenylene sulfide fiber, and the flame-retardant viscose fiber is 6:3:1. The proportion of the flame-retardant viscose fiber is 30-50 wt%. The limiting oxygen index of the aramid fiber is not less than 28%, and the long-term use temperature of the polyphenylene sulfide fiber is not less than 220 °C. The interweaving method of the warp yarns and the weft yarns adopts a 2 / 2 twill or satin weave, with a warp density and weft density of 80 - 120 ends / 10 cm, and the fabric tightness is 75% - 85%.

[0012] The twist of the ceramic fiber yarns is 50-100 turns / m, and the proportion in the textile fabric is 50-70 wt%. The surface of the ceramic fiber yarns is subjected to a composite modification treatment with a silane coupling agent and nano-silica. The silane coupling agent is aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and the average particle size of the nano-silica is 20-50 nm. The mass ratio of the two in the treatment is (1-3):1.

[0013] The surface of the ceramic fiber yarns is subjected to a composite modification treatment with a silane coupling agent and nano-silica, and the following specific settings are also included:

[0014] a) The silane coupling agent is KH-550, and the concentration of the treatment solution is 2-4 wt%;

[0015] b) The particle size of the nano-silica is 10-30 nm, and the addition amount is 1-5 wt%;

[0016] c) After the composite modification, a nano-particle coating layer is formed on the fiber surface, and the coverage rate ≥ 90%.

[0017] After the treatment with the silane coupling agent, a Si-O-C chemical bond grafting layer is formed on the surface of the ceramic fiber yarns, and the interfacial bonding strength ≥ 8 MPa. The nano-silica fills the micropores on the surface of the ceramic fibers.

[0018] The diameter of the ceramic fiber yarns is 18-22 μm, and the twist is 60-80 turns / m. The aramid fiber is para-aramid staple fiber with a length of 38 ± 2 mm and a limiting oxygen index LOI ≥ 28. The polyphenylene sulfide fiber is a staple fiber with a length of 51 ± 3 mm and LOI ≥ 40.

[0019] The silicon carbide fibers are helically wound around the surface of the ceramic fiber yarns, with a winding angle of 30°-60° and a winding pitch of 0.5-1.5 mm. The weft blended yarn is prepared by the siro spinning process, with the twist controlled at 800-900 turns / m, the yarn hairiness index H ≤ 3.5, and the breaking elongation of the blended yarn being 8% - 12%.

[0020] For the fabric with a 2 / 2 twill weave, the ratio of the warp tightness to the weft tightness is between 1.1 and 1.3. The floating length of the satin weave is 4-6, and the fabric has a tearing strength of ≥30 N in the warp direction and ≥25 N in the weft direction.

[0021] The surface of the fabric is coated with a silica / phosphate composite flame retardant coating, which is formed by the sol-gel method. The coating solution contains tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and a phosphate flame retardant with a molar ratio of 3:1, a solid content of 10% - 15%, a coating thickness of 5-8 μm, and a weight gain ≤ 12%.

[0022] A preparation method of a high-temperature resistant and flame retardant protective fabric, which uses the above-mentioned high-temperature resistant and flame retardant protective fabric, includes the following steps:

[0023] A1. Modification of ceramic fiber yarns: Immerse the ceramic fiber yarns in a KH-550 silane coupling agent solution with a mass fraction of 1-3 wt% and nano-silica, impregnate after ultrasonic dispersion, adjust the pH value of the solution to 5-6, with an impregnation time of 1-2 hours, then take out and pre-dry and cure at 80-100 °C for 1-3 hours, and finally form a film at 150 °C × 20 min at high temperature;

[0024] A2. Preparation of blended yarn: After separately carding aramid and polyphenylene sulfide fibers, mix them evenly in a ratio of 6.5:3.5, and use the ring spinning process to obtain a yarn with a count of 30-50 metric counts;

[0025] A3. Weaving: Use a rapier loom to weave with a 2 / 2 twill or satin weave. During the weaving process, control the warp tension at 200-300 cN and the weft tension at 150-200 cN, and configure the loom with ceramic yarn guides. Keep the humidity in the weaving workshop at 60% - 70%;

[0026] A4. Post-finishing: Desize the woven grey fabric. The concentration of amylase in the desizing solution is 2 g / L, and treat it at 60 °C for 20 minutes, then wash and dry; Coat the dried grey fabric with a silica / phosphate composite flame retardant coating, and bake at 220 °C for 3 minutes for shaping after coating.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. In the high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric, the traditional homogeneous design of warp and weft yarns in the fabric is broken by using the differential interweaving structure of high-temperature resistant warp yarns and flame-retardant weft yarns. The overall performance is improved through functional division of labor. It is made of a composite of ceramic fiber yarns and silicon carbide fibers. The melting point of ceramic fibers is as high as over 1700 °C, and silicon carbide fibers can still maintain high strength and high-temperature resistance at 1600 °C.

[0029] 2. Through the composite treatment of silane coupling agent and nano-silica, the interfacial compatibility between ceramic fibers and organic fibers is effectively improved. When the fabric is stressed, the stress at the interface can be effectively transmitted, avoiding the failure of the fabric caused by interfacial debonding, and significantly enhancing the overall mechanical properties and durability of the fabric.

[0030] 3. Through silica and phosphate coatings by sol, a protective layer with a three-dimensional network structure is formed on the fabric surface by the sol-gel method, endowing the fabric with excellent flame retardancy and wash resistance. Ethyl orthosilicate hydrolyzes and polycondenses to form a silica gel network, which provides mechanical support and heat insulation functions as the coating skeleton; phosphates decompose at high temperatures to produce active substances such as phosphoric acid and metaphosphoric acid, promoting the dehydration and carbonization of fibers to form a dense carbon layer to isolate heat and oxygen, thus meeting the flame retardancy standard. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the comparison curve of the high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall step structure of a high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric and its preparation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] The warp yarns adopt ceramic fiber yarns with a diameter of 20 μm and silicon carbide fibers wound and woven on the surface of the ceramic fiber yarns. The diameter of the silicon carbide fibers is 18 μm, and they form composite yarns with the ceramic fiber yarns. The weft yarns adopt a blended yarn of aramid fiber and polyphenylene sulfide fiber. The ratio between aramid fiber and polyphenylene sulfide fiber is 7:3:1, and it contains 5% of flame-retardant viscose fiber, accounting for 30 wt%. The limiting oxygen index of aramid fiber is not less than 28%, and the long-term use temperature of polyphenylene sulfide fiber is not less than 220 °C. The interweaving method of warp and weft yarns adopts 2 / 2 twill or satin weave, the warp and weft density is 100 - 90 per 10 cm, and the fabric tightness is 75%.

[0036] Raw material preparation: The warp yarn is made of aluminosilicate fiber yarn with a diameter of 20 μm, and its twist is set to 80 turns / m for standby.

[0037] Weft yarn preparation: According to the mass ratio of aramid 1313 to PPS of 7:3, the corresponding staple fibers are weighed. The two kinds of fibers are put into a cotton mixing machine and mixed for 15 minutes to make them evenly distributed. The fibers are further combed through the carding and drawing processes, and then a ring spinning process is used to spin into a blended yarn of 40 metric counts.

[0038] Modification of ceramic fiber yarn: Prepare a KH-550 ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 3%. Immerse the aluminosilicate fiber yarn completely in the solution, impregnate it at room temperature for 1 hour, then take it out and dry it in an oven at 80 °C for 2 hours. Use a rapier loom and select a 2 / 2 twill weave for weaving. Set the warp density to 100 ends / 10 cm, the weft density to 90 ends / 10 cm, the warp yarn tension to 250 cN, and the weft yarn tension to 180 cN to complete the weaving of the grey cloth. According to the mass ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate 15%, tricresyl phosphate 5%, and deionized water 80%, add each component to a container and stir evenly to form a coating solution. Use a padding process to coat the grey cloth, control the liquor pickup rate at 70%, pre-dry it at 120 °C for 5 minutes after coating, and then cure it at 220 °C for 3 minutes for shaping.

[0039] Thermal shrinkage rate test: Cut the prepared fabric into test specimens of specified dimensions and place them in a high-temperature environment of 300 °C for 2 hours. After testing, the thermal shrinkage rate of the fabric is 1.8%, meeting the requirement of ≤2%.

[0040] Vertical burning test: Conduct a vertical burning test according to relevant standards. After combustion, the char length of the fabric is 80 mm, and no molten droplets are generated during the combustion process, meeting the performance indicators.

[0041] Breaking stress test: Use an electronic universal material testing machine to conduct tensile tests on the warp and weft directions of the fabric respectively. The measured breaking stress in the warp direction is 1220 N, and the breaking stress in the weft direction is 910 N, meeting the performance requirements of 1200 N in the warp direction and 900 N in the weft direction.

[0042] Example two:

[0043] The warp yarns are made of ceramic fiber yarns with a diameter of 20 μm and silicon carbide fibers wound and woven on the surface of the ceramic fiber yarns. The silicon carbide fibers have a diameter of 18 μm and form composite yarns with the ceramic fiber yarns. The weft yarns are made of blended yarns of aramid fibers and polyphenylene sulfide fibers. The ratio between the aramid fibers and the polyphenylene sulfide fibers is 7:3, and it contains 5% flame-retardant viscose fiber, with a proportion of 30 wt%. The limiting oxygen index of the aramid fibers is 65%, and the long-term service temperature of the polyphenylene sulfide fibers is not lower than 220 °C. The warp and weft yarns are interwoven in a 2 / 2 twill or satin weave, with a warp and weft density of 100 - 90 per 10 cm, and the fabric tightness is 75%.

[0044] Raw material preparation: The warp yarns are also made of aluminum silicate fiber yarns with a diameter of 20 μm and a twist of 80 turns / m. For the weft yarns, short fiber raw materials are prepared according to the ratio of aramid 1313 to PPS of 7:3, and the preparation process of the blended yarn in Example 1 is repeated to obtain a 40 Nm blended yarn.

[0045] Modification of ceramic fiber yarns: The temperature of the 3% KH-550 ethanol solution is adjusted to 40 °C, the impregnation time of the aluminum silicate fiber yarns is extended to 1.5 hours, the drying temperature is adjusted to 90 °C, and the drying time is 2.5 hours. During the weaving process on a rapier loom, the warp yarn tension is finely adjusted to 230 cN, and the weft yarn tension is adjusted to 170 cN. The warp density, weft density, and weave remain unchanged. Coating treatment: Keeping the coating formula unchanged, the padding rate of the padding process is adjusted to 65%, the pre-drying temperature is raised to 130 °C, and the time is shortened to 4 minutes. The baking temperature and time remain unchanged.

[0046] The thermal shrinkage rate is 1.6%, within the standard range.

[0047] In the vertical burning test, the char length is 78 mm and there is no dripping.

[0048] The warp breaking stress is 1210 N, and the weft breaking stress is 905 N, both meeting the performance requirements.

[0049] Example Three:

[0050] The warp yarns are made of ceramic fiber yarns with a diameter of 20 μm and silicon carbide fibers wound and woven on the surface of the ceramic fiber yarns. The silicon carbide fibers have a diameter of 18 μm and form composite yarns with the ceramic fiber yarns. The weft yarns are made of blended yarns of aramid fibers and polyphenylene sulfide fibers. The ratio between the aramid fibers and the polyphenylene sulfide fibers is 7:3, and it contains 5% flame-retardant viscose fiber, with a proportion of 30 wt%. The limiting oxygen index of the aramid fibers is not lower than 28%, and the long-term service temperature of the polyphenylene sulfide fibers is not lower than 220 °C. The warp and weft yarns are interwoven in a 2 / 2 twill or satin weave, with a warp and weft density of 100 - 90 per 10 cm, and the fabric tightness is 75%.

[0051] Raw material preparation: The warp yarn raw materials are the same as those in the previous two examples, and the preparation process of the weft yarns remains unchanged.

[0052] Modification of ceramic fiber yarn: Keep the temperature of the impregnating solution at room temperature, shorten the impregnating time to 0.8 hours, set the drying temperature at 100 °C and the drying time at 1.5 hours, increase the warp tension to 280 cN, adjust the weft tension to 190 cN, keep other weaving parameters unchanged, extend the stirring time of the coating solution to 30 minutes, adjust the liquor pickup rate of the padding process to 75%, and keep the pre-drying and baking conditions the same as those in Example 1.

[0053] The thermal shrinkage rate is 1.9%, meeting the requirements.

[0054] When vertically burned, the char length is 82 mm and there is no dripping phenomenon.

[0055] The warp breaking stress is 1230 N and the weft breaking stress is 920 N, meeting the performance index of the breaking stress.

[0056] Example 4:

[0057] Control group:

[0058] Unmodified: Select the original ceramic fiber yarn with a diameter of 20 μm and a twist of 80 turns / m as a blank control sample, without any modification treatment, and directly use it for subsequent performance tests.

[0059] Single silane modification: Accurately prepare a KH-550 solution with a mass fraction of 2 wt%, and adjust the pH value to 5 with acetic acid. Immerse the ceramic fiber yarn completely in the solution, impregnate it at room temperature for 30 min, then take it out and dry it to constant weight in a constant temperature oven at 80 °C. Turn the fiber yarn every 10 min during the drying process to ensure uniform drying.

[0060] Composite modification:

[0061] Prepare the modification solution: Accurately weigh 3 wt% of KH-550, 3 wt% of nano-SiO₂, and 0.3 wt% of PEG-400 according to the mass fraction, and add them to a mixed solvent with a volume ratio of ethanol / water of 8:2. Among them, the average particle size of nano-SiO₂ is 20 - 50 nm, KH-550 is an analytical pure reagent, ethanol is anhydrous ethanol, and water is deionized water.

[0062] Ultrasonic dispersion: Transfer the prepared modification solution to a constant temperature water bath ultrasonic cleaner at 40 °C, set the ultrasonic power at 150 W, and disperse for 30 min. During the dispersion process, nano-SiO₂ is evenly dispersed in the solution under the action of ultrasonic waves to form a stable dispersion system, avoiding agglomeration.

[0063] Impregnating ceramic fiber: Put the ceramic fiber yarn and the modifying solution into a container according to a bath ratio of 1:20, and impregnate at 40°C for 60 min. During the impregnation process, gently stir the solution every 15 min to ensure that the fiber yarn is fully in contact with the modifying solution and the modification effect is uniform.

[0064] Gradient drying: Take out the impregnated ceramic fiber yarn, first put it into an oven at 80°C and dry for 10 min to remove most of the moisture; then raise the temperature to 150°C and continue drying for 20 min to completely dry the fiber yarn. The drying process is carried out in a forced-air drying oven to ensure air circulation and prevent the fiber yarn from sticking.

[0065] Comparative example 1:

[0066] Interface bonding strength test; According to ASTM D3164 standard, conduct the fiber / epoxy resin interfacial shear strength test:

[0067] Cure the unmodified, single silane-modified, and composite-modified ceramic fiber yarns with epoxy resin respectively. The specific process is as follows: Mix the epoxy resin and the curing agent evenly according to a mass ratio of 100:10. Immerse the fiber yarn in the mixed solution, take it out and place it in a mold, cure at room temperature for 24 h, and then post-cure at 80°C for 4 h to make a micro-droplet specimen. Use a micro-tensile device to test the micro-droplet specimen. The tensile speed is 0.5 mm / min. Test 10 specimens for each sample and take the average value as the cross-sectional shear strength.

[0068] Comparative example 2:

[0069] Thermal stability: Take about 10 mg of the unmodified, single silane-modified, and composite-modified ceramic fiber yarns respectively, put them into a crucible, and use a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) to test in an air atmosphere. The test temperature range is 30 - 800°C, and the heating rate is 10°C / min. Record the weight loss rate of the samples at different temperatures and draw a TGA curve. Compare the weight loss rate differences of the fibers before and after modification, with the target that the weight loss rate at 600°C ≤ 2%, and analyze the change of the thermal decomposition temperature. It is required that the thermal decomposition temperature of the composite-modified sample is increased by about 50°C compared with the unmodified one.

[0070] Comparative example 3:

[0071] Flame retardancy test: The limiting oxygen index was tested according to the ASTM D2863 test standard. Specimens with dimensions of 150 mm × 6.5 mm × 3 mm were prepared. The specimens were installed in a limiting oxygen index tester, and the flow rates of oxygen and nitrogen were adjusted to gradually increase the oxygen concentration in the mixed gas. The specimens were ignited, and the combustion situation was observed. The lowest oxygen concentration at which the specimens could just maintain combustion was recorded, which was the limiting oxygen index (LOI). Each sample was tested 5 times, and the average value was taken. It was expected that the LOI of the composite modified fiber ≥ 35% (the LOI of the unmodified fiber ≈ 28%).

[0072] Comparative example four:

[0073] Abrasion resistance test: The unmodified, single silane modified, and composite modified ceramic fiber fabrics were cut into circular specimens with a diameter of 113 mm and installed on a Martindale abrasion tester according to the standard requirements. The test conditions were set as a pressure of 12 kPa, and the abrasive was standard wool felt with the abrasive specification meeting the requirements of GB / T 21196.3. The number of abrasion resistance times was set. The test was stopped when obvious damage occurred to the specimens or the abrasive wore through the fabric, and the number of abrasion resistance times was recorded. Each sample was tested 3 times, and the average value was taken. The target was that the number of abrasion resistance times of the composite modified fiber ≥ 15,000 times (the unmodified ≈ 8,000 times).

[0074] Quantification of the advantages of composite modification:

[0075]

[0076] It can be seen from the above table that the composite modification technology of nano-SiO2 and KH-550 silane coupling agent has achieved a breakthrough improvement in the performance of ceramic fibers through the synergistic mechanism of physical anchoring and chemical bonding. Physically, nano-SiO2 particles with an average particle size of 20 - 50 nm are uniformly filled in the surface pores of ceramic fibers. Through SEM observation, its coverage rate is as high as 95%, significantly increasing the specific surface area of the fibers and providing physical support for interface enhancement. Chemically, after the hydrolysis of KH-550 silane coupling agent, its siloxane groups undergo a polycondensation reaction with the hydroxyl groups on the fiber surface to form stable Si-O-Si covalent bonds, and the organic functional groups at the other end chemically crosslink with the subsequent composite organic fibers to build the stability of the "inorganic - organic" interface.

[0077] Synergistic modification significantly improves the comprehensive properties of ceramic fibers. The interfacial shear strength jumps from the original 5.8 MPa to 13.5 MPa, with an increase of 132.7%, effectively enhancing the stress transfer efficiency between the fiber and the matrix material; the limiting oxygen index (LOI) increases from 28% to 35%, and in the vertical burning test, the damaged length ≤ 8 cm and the afterflame time ≤ 3 s, meeting the UL-94 V-0 flame retardant standard; the abrasion resistance is verified by the Martindale test, and the number of abrasion resistance cycles increases from 8200 to 16500, with an increase of 101.2%; in terms of thermal stability, the weight loss rate at 600 °C decreases from 3.2% to 1.8%, and the thermal decomposition temperature increases from 550 °C to 600 °C, with an increase of 9.1%.

[0078] The above front, back, left, right, up, and down are all based on the Figure 1 description in the attached drawings of the specification. Taking the perspective of the observer as the standard, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, and the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0079] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0080] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric, characterized in that, The fabric is composed of warp yarns and weft yarns. The warp yarns are made of ceramic fiber yarns with a diameter of 15 - 25 μm, and silicon carbide fibers are wound and woven on the surface of the ceramic fiber yarns. The silicon carbide fibers have a diameter of 18 μm and form a composite yarn with the ceramic fiber yarns; The weft yarns are made of blended yarns of aramid fibers and polyphenylene sulfide fibers. Both the aramid fibers and the polyphenylene sulfide fibers are provided with 5% - 10% flame - retardant viscose fibers. The ratio of the aramid fibers, the polyphenylene sulfide fibers, and the flame - retardant viscose fibers is 6∶3∶1. The proportion of the flame - retardant viscose fibers is 30 - 50 wt%. The limiting oxygen index of the aramid fibers is not less than 28%, and the long - term use temperature of the polyphenylene sulfide fibers is not less than 220°C; The interweaving method of the warp yarns and the weft yarns adopts a 2 / 2 twill or satin weave. The warp and weft density is 80 - 120 per 10 cm, and the fabric tightness is 75% - 85%.

2. The high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric according to claim 1, wherein, The twist of the ceramic fiber yarns is 50 - 100 turns / m, and the proportion in the textile is 50 - 70 wt%. The surface of the ceramic fiber yarns is treated by compound modification with a silane coupling agent and nano - silica. The silane coupling agent is aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and the average particle size of the nano - silica is 20 - 50 nm. The mass ratio of the aminopropyltriethoxysilane to the nano - silica in the treatment is (1 - 3):

1.

3. The high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface of the ceramic fiber yarns is treated by compound modification with a silane coupling agent and nano - silica, and the following specific settings are also included: a) The silane coupling agent is KH - 550, and the concentration of the treatment solution is 2 - 4 wt%; b) The particle size of the nano - silica is 10 - 30 nm, and the addition amount is 1 - 5 wt%; c) After the compound modification, a nano - particle coating layer is formed on the fiber surface, and the coverage rate is ≥90%.

4. The high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric according to claim 3, wherein, On the surface of the ceramic fiber yarns treated with the silane coupling agent, a Si - O - C chemical bond grafting layer is formed, and the interfacial bonding strength is ≥8 MPa. The nano - silica fills the micropores on the surface of the ceramic fiber.

5. A high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the ceramic fiber yarns is 18 - 22 μm, and the twist is 60 - 80 turns / m. The aramid fibers are para - aramid staple fibers with a length of 38 ± 2 mm and a limiting oxygen index LOI≥28. The polyphenylene sulfide fibers are staple fibers with a length of 51 ± 3 mm and LOI≥40.

6. A high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silicon carbide fibers are wound around the surface of the ceramic fiber yarns in a spiral shape, with a winding angle of 30° - 60° and a winding pitch of 0.5 - 1.5 mm. The weft blended yarns are prepared by siro - spinning technology, and the twist is controlled at 800 - 900 turns / m. The hairiness index H of the yarn is ≤3.5, and the breaking elongation rate of the blended yarn is 8% - 12%.

7. The high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric according to claim 1, wherein For the fabric with 2 / 2 twill weave, the ratio of the warp tightness to the weft tightness is between 1.1 - 1.

3. The floating length of the satin weave is 4 - 6, and the tearing strength of the fabric is ≥30 N in the warp direction and ≥25 N in the weft direction.

8. A high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the fabric is coated with a silica / phosphate composite flame - retardant coating. The coating is formed by the sol - gel method. The coating solution contains tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and a phosphate flame - retardant, with a molar ratio of 3:1, a solid content of 10% - 15%, a coating thickness of 5 - 8 μm, and a weight gain of ≤12%.

9. A method for preparing a high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric, which is applied to the high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant protective fabric according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Including the following steps: A1. Modification of ceramic fiber yarn: Immerse the ceramic fiber yarn in a solution of KH-550 silane coupling agent with a mass fraction of 1-3 wt% and nano-silica, impregnate it after ultrasonic dispersion, adjust the pH value of the solution to 5-6, with an impregnation time of 1-2 hours. Then take it out and pre-dry and cure it at 80-100 °C for 1-3 hours, and finally form a film at 150 °C for 20 minutes. A2. Preparation of blended yarn: After respectively carding aramid and polyphenylene sulfide fiber, mix them evenly at a ratio of 6.5:3.5, and use the ring spinning process to obtain a yarn with a count of 30-50 metric counts. A3. Weaving: Use a rapier loom to weave with a 2 / 2 twill or satin weave. During the weaving process, the warp tension is controlled at 200-300 cN, the weft tension is controlled at 150-200 cN, and the loom is equipped with a ceramic yarn guide. The humidity in the weaving workshop is maintained at 60%-70%. A4. Post-finishing: Desize the woven grey cloth. The concentration of amylase in the desizing liquor is 2 g / L, and it is treated at 60 °C for 20 minutes, then washed and dried. The dried grey cloth is coated with a silica / phosphate composite flame retardant coating, and after coating, it is baked at 220 °C for 3 minutes for shaping.

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