Metallographic laboratory wastewater multi-stage treatment device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a multistage treatment device and method for metallographic laboratory wastewater. The metallographic laboratory wastewater multi-stage treatment device comprises a box body, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the side face of the box body, the interior of the box body is divided into a plurality of cavities through partition plates, the cavities are sequentially arranged in the direction from the water inlet to the water outlet, drain outlets are formed in the bottoms of the cavities respectively, and overflow holes used for enabling wastewater to flow downstream are formed in the partition plates; a filter screen for filtering wastewater is arranged in the overflow hole; an electromagnet is arranged in the cavity close to the water outlet and is used for being electrified to generate magnetic force so as to adsorb metal impurities in the sewage. According to the device, by optimizing the precipitation process and other auxiliary treatment measures, the removal rate of metal chippings can be remarkably increased, pipeline blockage is avoided, and environmental safety is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and in particular to a multi-stage wastewater treatment device and method for a metallographic laboratory. Background Art

[0002] In metallographic sample preparation laboratories, metallographic sample preparation typically involves cutting, grinding, polishing, etching, and cleaning. These processes generate wastewater containing large amounts of metal debris, which poses a potential threat to the environment when discharged and can easily cause pipe blockages. Therefore, to reduce pollution and prevent pipe blockages, the conventional treatment method is to first precipitate the wastewater before discharging it. However, in actual operation, the following problems exist:

[0003] Wastewater is continuously generated: Wastewater is continuously generated and is usually discharged while settling. This causes some metal debris to be discharged with the water before settling, reducing the removal rate of metal debris.

[0004] Risk of pipeline blockage: Even after preliminary sedimentation treatment, there will still be a certain amount of metal debris that is not completely removed. These debris may accumulate in the pipeline and cause pipeline blockage.

[0005] Environmental pollution risks: Direct discharge of metal-containing wastewater without adequate treatment may lead to water pollution, soil pollution and public health risks, violate environmental regulations, and bring high remediation costs and negative social impacts.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, improve the removal efficiency of metal debris, and ensure that wastewater meets discharge standards, this application proposes a multi-stage treatment device and method for metallographic laboratory wastewater, aiming to significantly improve the removal rate of metal debris by optimizing the sedimentation process and other auxiliary treatment measures, avoid pipeline blockage, and protect environmental safety. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The embodiments of the present application at least provide a multi-stage treatment device and method for metallographic laboratory wastewater. By optimizing the sedimentation process and other auxiliary treatment measures, the device can significantly improve the removal rate of metal debris, avoid pipeline blockage, and protect environmental safety.

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a multi-stage treatment device for wastewater in a metallographic laboratory. The device includes: a box body, with a water inlet and a water outlet provided on the side of the box body. The interior of the box body is divided into multiple cavities by partition plates. The multiple cavities are arranged in sequence from the water inlet to the water outlet. Drain ports are respectively provided at the bottoms of the cavities. The partition plates are provided with overflow holes for allowing wastewater to flow downstream, and filter meshes for filtering wastewater are arranged in the overflow holes; an electromagnet is arranged in the cavity close to the water outlet, and the electromagnet is used to generate a magnetic force when powered on to adsorb metal impurities in the sewage.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, both the water inlet and the water outlet are located on the side of the box body, and both the water inlet and the water outlet are higher than the drain ports.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, the partition plates are arranged to be able to expand and contract in the height direction to adjust the height of the overflow holes.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, the partition plates include an outer plate and an inner plate. The outer plate is provided with a receiving cavity with an upward opening. The upper end of the inner plate is provided with the overflow holes, and the lower end of the inner plate is inserted into the receiving cavity and can move up and down relative to the outer plate.

[0012] In an alternative embodiment, the electromagnet is close to the drain port and far from the water outlet / the overflow holes.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, pressure sensors are respectively provided at the drain ports. The pressure sensors are used to detect the pressure information at the corresponding drain ports, so that the controller can send a cleaning signal when the pressure information reaches a set value.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, solenoid valves are provided at the drain ports. The solenoid valves are arranged to receive the cleaning signal and open the drain ports according to the cleaning signal to discharge the precipitated or adsorbed impurities in the cavities.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a multi-stage treatment method for wastewater in a metallographic laboratory, which is applicable to the multi-stage treatment device for wastewater in a metallographic laboratory described in any one of the foregoing items. The method includes:

[0016] Naturally precipitating metal impurities in the wastewater using multiple cavities respectively;

[0017] Filtering metal impurities in the wastewater using the filter meshes between adjacent cavities;

[0018] Adsorbing metal impurities in the wastewater and the precipitated metal impurities using the electromagnet in the cavity.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the method further includes:

[0020] Detecting the pressure information at each sewage outlet so that the controller can send a cleaning signal when the pressure information reaches a set value.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, the method further includes:

[0022] Receiving the cleaning signal and opening the sewage outlet of the corresponding cavity according to the cleaning signal to discharge the precipitated or adsorbed impurities in the cavity.

[0023] The above technical solution of the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] The multi-stage treatment device and method for the waste water in the metallographic laboratory according to the embodiments of the present application combine precipitation, filtration and magnetic separation. By optimizing the precipitation process and other auxiliary treatment measures, the removal rate of metal debris can be significantly improved, pipeline blockage can be avoided, and environmental safety can be protected.

[0025] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following specific preferred embodiments are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and are described in detail as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of this specification. These drawings show embodiments consistent with the present application and are used together with the specification to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 Shows a schematic diagram of a multi-stage treatment device for waste water in a metallographic laboratory provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] In the figure: 1, box body; 2, water inlet; 3, water outlet; 4a, first partition; 41a, first overflow hole; 42a, first filter screen; 4b, second partition; 41b, second overflow hole; 42b, second filter screen; 5a, first cavity; 51a, first sewage outlet; 5b, second cavity; 51b, second sewage outlet; 5c, third cavity; 51c, third sewage outlet; 6, electromagnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions, and values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0030] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] The terms "first", "second" in the description and claims of the present application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Reference Figure 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a multi-stage treatment device for wastewater in a metallographic laboratory. The device includes a box body 1, with a water inlet 2 and a water outlet 3 provided on the side of the box body 1. The interior of the box body 1 is divided into multiple cavities 5a, 5b, 5c by partition plates 4a, 4b. The multiple cavities 5a, 5b, 5c are arranged in sequence from the water inlet 2 to the water outlet 3. Drain ports 51a, 51b, 51c are respectively provided at the bottoms of the cavities 5a, 5b, 5c. The partition plates 4a, 4b are provided with overflow holes 41a, 41b for allowing the wastewater to flow downstream, and filter meshes 42a, 42b for filtering the wastewater are arranged in the overflow holes 41a, 41b; an electromagnet 6 is arranged in the cavity 5c close to (or communicating with) the water outlet 3, and the electromagnet 6 is used to generate a magnetic force when energized to adsorb metal impurities in the sewage.

[0035] In this embodiment, the number of partition plates is two, and the two partition plates divide the interior of the box body 1 into three cavities. For the convenience of description, the three cavities will be respectively defined as the first cavity 5a, the second cavity 5b, and the third cavity 5c hereinafter. The drain port of the first cavity 5a is defined as the first drain port 51a, the drain port of the second cavity 5b is defined as the second drain port 51b, the drain port of the third cavity 5c is defined as the third drain port 51c, the two partition plates are respectively defined as the first partition plate 4a and the second partition plate 4b, the overflow hole and the filter mesh of the first partition plate 4a are respectively defined as the first overflow hole 41a and the first filter mesh 42a, and the overflow hole and the filter mesh of the second partition plate 4b are respectively defined as the second overflow hole 41b and the second filter mesh 42b.

[0036] Specifically, during the use process, the wastewater enters the first cavity 5a through the water inlet 2. As the water level in the first cavity 5a rises, the wastewater can overflow from the first overflow hole 41a to the second cavity 5b. As the water level in the second cavity 5b rises, the wastewater can overflow from the second overflow hole 41b to the third cavity 5c. During the above process, the metal impurities in the wastewater will naturally precipitate in the first cavity 5a, the second cavity 5b, and the third cavity 5c, and the precipitated metal impurities can be discharged through the first drain port 51a, the second drain port 51b, and the third drain port 51c respectively. At the same time, since the first overflow hole 41a and the second overflow hole 41b are respectively provided with the first filter mesh 42a and the second filter mesh 42b, when the wastewater overflows, the large-particle metal impurities and non-metal impurities in the wastewater can be filtered by the first filter mesh 42a and the second filter mesh 42b respectively, which can improve the capture rate of metal impurities and non-metal impurities in the first cavity 5a and the second cavity 5b. Since an electromagnet 6 is arranged in the third cavity 5c, before the wastewater after precipitation and filtration is discharged, the fine metal impurities in the wastewater can be adsorbed by the electromagnet 6, which can improve the capture rate of metal impurities in the third cavity 5c.

[0037] In some embodiments, the water inlet 2 can be located on the side of the box body 1, and the water inlet 2 is higher than the sewage outlet, that is, the height of the water inlet 2 is greater than the height of the sewage outlet. For example, the water inlet 2 is located on the side of the box body 1, and the height difference between the water inlet 2 and the sewage outlet is not less than 500 mm. Such a setting can prevent the wastewater entering the box body 1 from lifting the metal impurities deposited at the bottom of the first cavity 5a, affecting the precipitation of metal impurities in the first cavity 5a.

[0038] In some embodiments, the water outlet 3 can be located on the side of the box body 1, and the water outlet 3 is higher than the sewage outlet, that is, the height of the water outlet 3 is greater than the height of the sewage outlet. For example, the water outlet 3 is located on the side of the box body 1, and the height difference between the water outlet 3 and the sewage outlet is not less than 500 mm. Such a setting can prevent the deposited metal impurities from blocking the water outlet 3 and affecting the water outlet efficiency.

[0039] In some embodiments, the water inlet 2 and the water outlet 3 can be respectively located on opposite sides of the box body 1. Of course, the water inlet 2 and the water outlet 3 can also be arranged in other ways, such as the water inlet 2 and the water outlet 3 can be respectively located on the same side or adjacent sides of the box body 1.

[0040] In some embodiments, the cavities 5a, 5b, 5c can be arranged in a straight line. Of course, the cavities can also be arranged in other ways, such as in a C-shaped arrangement.

[0041] In some embodiments, the bottoms of the cavities 5a, 5b, 5c are funnel-shaped. Such a setting can facilitate the collection of metal impurities at the bottom of the cavity and also facilitate the discharge of metal impurities.

[0042] In some embodiments, the partitions 4a, 4b are arranged to be able to expand and contract in the height direction to adjust the height of the overflow holes. Such a setting enables the device to be applicable to the treatment of wastewater with different wastewater volumes. Specifically, when the wastewater volume is small, in order to avoid the wastewater being unable to flow from the upstream cavity to the downstream cavity (such as from the second cavity 5b to the third cavity 5c), the partition can be contracted to lower the height of the overflow hole so that the wastewater can be precipitated in each cavity respectively. When the wastewater volume is large, in order to ensure that the wastewater can be fully precipitated in each cavity, the partition can be extended to increase the height of the overflow hole.

[0043] In order to achieve the telescopic design of the partition, the partitions 4a and 4b may include an outer plate and an inner plate. The outer plate is provided with a receiving cavity with an upward opening, and the upper end of the inner plate is provided with an overflow hole. The lower end of the inner plate is inserted into the receiving cavity and can move up and down relative to the outer plate. With this setting, the partition can be telescoped in the height direction, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the overflow hole. It should be understood that in specific implementations, in order to prevent metal impurities from entering the receiving cavity, a sealing material, such as a rubber or silicone rubber gasket, may be provided at the opening of the receiving cavity. In addition, since the width dimension of the inner plate should be slightly smaller than the width dimension of the outer plate, in order to prevent a gap from existing at the junction of the inner wall of the box body 1 and the inner plate, a flexible sealing material, such as a rubber or silicone rubber strip, may be provided on the inner wall of the box body 1.

[0044] In other embodiments, the partitions 4a and 4b may also be detachable partitions. When specifically arranged, each multi-stage wastewater treatment device for metallurgical laboratories may be configured with multiple groups of partitions with different heights, and the operator can replace the partitions with different heights according to the amount of wastewater to adjust the height of the overflow port.

[0045] In some embodiments, the pore sizes of the filter meshes of the multiple partitions 4a and 4b gradually decrease along the water flow direction. For example, the pore size of the first filter mesh 42a is 1.0 mm or 0.5 mm, and the pore size of the second filter mesh 42b is 0.1 mm. With this setting, metal impurities in the wastewater can be removed in stages, that is, the first filter mesh 42a and the second filter mesh 42b can filter metal particles with larger particle sizes and smaller particle sizes respectively, so that each cavity can capture metal impurities with different particle sizes, facilitating subsequent classification treatment of the impurities.

[0046] In some embodiments, the filter meshes of each partition 4a and 4b may be of a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. For example, the first filter mesh 42a includes a first filter layer and a second filter layer arranged in sequence along the water flow direction, wherein the pore size of the first filter layer is 1.0 mm and the pore size of the second filter layer is 0.5 mm. With this setting, it is convenient to improve the strength and filtration efficiency of the filter mesh.

[0047] In some embodiments, the electromagnet 6 may be close to the sewage outlet and far from the water outlet 3 / overflow hole (i.e., the second overflow hole 41b). With this setting, the precipitated metal impurities and the adsorbed metal impurities can be more easily concentrated in one place, facilitating subsequent centralized discharge. In addition, since the electromagnet 6 is arranged far from the water outlet 3 / overflow hole, this can prevent the adsorbed metal impurities from being resuspended into the treated water due to water flow disturbance, causing secondary pollution.

[0048] In some embodiments, the electromagnet 6 is continuously energized during the process of treating wastewater, so that the metal impurities in the wastewater can be continuously adsorbed on the electromagnet 6, which is beneficial to improving the separation efficiency. Of course, the electromagnet 6 needs to be de-energized during sewage discharge, so that the metal impurities can be detached from the electromagnet 6 and discharged through the sewage outlet.

[0049] In some embodiments, pressure sensors (not shown in the figure) are respectively arranged at the sewage outlets 51a, 51b, and 51c. The pressure sensors are used to detect the pressure information at the corresponding sewage outlets, so that the controller can send a cleaning signal when the pressure information reaches the set value. Specifically, the general density of metal impurities is greater than that of water. Therefore, the greater the deposition amount of metal impurities, the greater the pressure at the sewage outlet. Therefore, the deposition amount of metal impurities can be determined by monitoring the pressure at the sewage outlet, and thus whether sewage discharge is required can be determined according to the pressure at the sewage outlet.

[0050] In some embodiments, electromagnetic valves (not shown in the figure) are arranged at the sewage outlets 51a, 51b, and 51c. The electromagnetic valves are arranged to receive the cleaning signal and open the sewage outlet according to the cleaning signal to discharge the precipitated or adsorbed impurities in the cavity. That is to say, the electromagnetic valves can form an automatic sewage discharge system with the pressure sensors (and the controller) to realize the automatic sewage discharge operation of the metal impurities in the cavity.

[0051] The embodiment of the present application also provides a method applicable to a multi-stage treatment device for wastewater in a metallographic laboratory. The method includes:

[0052] Naturally precipitating the metal impurities in the wastewater by using the plurality of cavities 5a, 5b, and 5c respectively;

[0053] Filtering the metal impurities in the wastewater by using the filter meshes 42a and 42b between the adjacent cavities 5a, 5b, and 5c;

[0054] Adsorbing the metal impurities in the wastewater and the precipitated metal impurities by using the electromagnet 6 in the cavity 5c.

[0055] Specifically, during use, the wastewater enters the first cavity 5a through the water inlet 2. As the water level in the first cavity 5a rises, the wastewater can overflow from the first overflow hole 41a to the second cavity 5b. As the water level in the second cavity 5b rises, the wastewater can overflow from the second overflow hole 41b to the third cavity 5c. During the above process, the metal impurities in the wastewater will naturally precipitate in the first cavity 5a, the second cavity 5b, and the third cavity 5c, and the precipitated metal impurities can be discharged through the first sewage outlet 51a, the second sewage outlet 51b, and the third sewage outlet 51c respectively. At the same time, since the first overflow hole 41a and the second overflow hole 41b are respectively provided with the first filter screen 42a and the second filter screen 42b, when the wastewater overflows, the large particle metal impurities and non-metal impurities in the wastewater can be filtered by the first filter screen 42a and the second filter screen 42b respectively, which can improve the capture rate of metal impurities and non-metal impurities in the first cavity 5a and the second cavity 5b. Since an electromagnet 6 is provided in the third cavity 5c, before the wastewater after precipitation and filtration is discharged, the fine metal impurities in the wastewater can be adsorbed by the electromagnet 6, which can improve the capture rate of metal impurities in the third cavity 5c.

[0056] In some embodiments, the method further includes: detecting the pressure information at each sewage outlet, so that the controller can send a cleaning signal when the pressure information reaches a set value. Specifically, the amount of metal impurity deposition can be determined by monitoring the pressure at the sewage outlet, so that it can be determined whether sewage discharge is required according to the pressure at the sewage outlet.

[0057] In some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving the cleaning signal and opening the sewage outlet of the corresponding cavity according to the cleaning signal to discharge the precipitated or adsorbed impurities in the cavity. In this way, the automatic sewage discharge operation of the metal impurities in the cavity can be realized.

[0058] The multi-stage treatment device and method for metallographic laboratory wastewater according to the embodiments of the present application combine precipitation, filtration, and magnetic separation. By optimizing the precipitation process and other auxiliary treatment measures, the removal rate of metal debris can be significantly improved, pipeline blockage can be avoided, and environmental safety can be protected.

[0059] One or more embodiments of this specification are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification shall be included in the protection scope of this application.

[0060] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-stage treatment device for metallographic laboratory wastewater, characterized in that, The device includes: a box body, an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the side surface of the box body, the interior of the box body is divided into multiple cavities by partition plates, the multiple cavities are arranged in sequence from the inlet to the outlet, sewage outlets are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the cavities, overflow holes for allowing wastewater to flow downstream are arranged on the partition plates, and filter meshes for filtering wastewater are arranged in the overflow holes; an electromagnet is arranged in the cavity close to the outlet, and the electromagnet is used for generating a magnetic force when electrified to adsorb metal impurities in the sewage.

2. The multi-stage treatment device for metallographic laboratory wastewater according to claim 1, wherein Both the inlet and the outlet are located on the side surface of the box body, and both the inlet and the outlet are higher than the sewage outlets.

3. The multi-stage treatment device for metallographic laboratory wastewater according to claim 1, wherein, The partition plate is arranged to be able to expand and contract in the height direction to adjust the height of the overflow holes.

4. The multi-stage treatment device for the wastewater of a metallographic laboratory according to claim 3, wherein, The partition plate includes an outer plate and an inner plate, the outer plate is provided with a receiving cavity with an upward opening, the upper end of the inner plate is provided with the overflow holes, and the lower end of the inner plate is inserted into the receiving cavity and can move up and down relative to the outer plate.

5. The multi-stage treatment device for metallographic laboratory wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnet is close to the sewage outlet and far from the outlet / the overflow holes.

6. The multi-stage treatment device for metallographic laboratory wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, Pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the sewage outlets, and the pressure sensors are used for detecting the pressure information at the corresponding sewage outlets, so that the controller can send out a cleaning signal when the pressure information reaches a set value.

7. The multi-stage treatment device for metallographic laboratory wastewater according to claim 6, characterized in that, Solenoid valves are arranged at the sewage outlets, and the solenoid valves are arranged to receive the cleaning signal and open the sewage outlets according to the cleaning signal to discharge the precipitated or adsorbed impurities in the cavities.

8. A multi-stage treatment method for the wastewater in a metallographic laboratory, which is applicable to the multi-stage treatment device for the wastewater in a metallographic laboratory according to any one of claims 1-7, and is characterized in that, The method includes: Naturally precipitating metal impurities in the wastewater by using multiple cavities respectively; Filtering metal impurities in the wastewater by using the filter meshes between adjacent cavities; Adsorbing metal impurities in the wastewater and the precipitated metal impurities by using the electromagnet in the cavity.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein The method further includes: Detecting the pressure information at each sewage outlet, so that the controller can send out a cleaning signal when the pressure information reaches a set value.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein The method further includes: Receiving the cleaning signal and opening the sewage outlet of the corresponding cavity according to the cleaning signal to discharge the precipitated or adsorbed impurities in the cavity.

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