Special organic fertilizer for guavas and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a special organic fertilizer for guavas and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers. The special organic fertilizer for guavas comprises the following raw materials: 60-70 parts of a fermented organic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of durian shell charcoal, 3-5 parts of amino acid chelate salt, 1-3 parts of an oat extract, 1-3 parts of trehalose and 0.3-0.5 part of a compound microbial agent. Through the synergistic effect of the components, the yield of guava can be effectively increased, and the soluble sugar content and VC content of fruits are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a special organic fertilizer for guava and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Guava has become one of the rare tropical fruits that increases farmers' income, and its cultivated area is showing a significant expansion trend. However, to increase the economic value of guava, simply expanding the cultivated area is far from enough; more importantly, it is necessary to improve the yield and quality of guava. The yield and quality of guava are mainly affected by the fertilization method, and existing fertilization methods have restricted the development of guava. On the one hand, in the current industry, fruit farmers generally adopt a "base fertilizer + topdressing" compound fertilizer application system. However, long-term reliance on chemical fertilizers has led to increasingly prominent problems such as soil degradation, decreased fruit quality, and environmental pollution. On the other hand, while existing organic fertilizers on the market have to some extent solved the problem of excessive use of chemical fertilizers, the nutrient ratios of existing organic fertilizers are out of line with the fertilizer requirements of guava, and they cannot provide sufficient nutrients for the growth and development of guava, and cannot effectively improve the yield and quality of guava. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a special organic fertilizer for guava and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special organic fertilizer for guava and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a special organic fertilizer for guava, wherein the raw materials include, by weight, 60-70 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of durian shell biochar, 3-5 parts of amino acid chelate salt, 1-3 parts of oat extract, 1-3 parts of trehalose and 0.3-0.5 parts of composite microbial agent.

[0006] Fermented organic fertilizers provide comprehensive and sufficient nutrients for guava growth and development, laying the foundation for its growth and nutrient accumulation. Amino acid chelates can provide a long-term supply of various trace elements required for guava growth and development, promoting its growth and nutrient accumulation. Composite microbial agents can promote guava growth and nutrient accumulation through multiple mechanisms, including the production of plant hormones, pathogen inhibition, and soil environmental improvement. Durian shell biochar can serve as the primary carrier for composite microbial agents, promoting microbial growth and reproduction, enhancing its efficacy, and optimizing the guava's living environment by improving the soil, thereby promoting its growth and development. Trehalose stabilizes microbial cell membrane structure, enhances intermicrobial adhesion, accelerates biofilm formation on root surfaces, and prolongs bacterial survival. Trehalose also promotes soil aggregate formation, enhances water and fertilizer retention, and reduces nutrient leaching. The synergistic effect of these components can effectively increase guava yield and the nutrient content of the fruit, particularly sugar and vitamin C.

[0007] Furthermore, the preparation steps of the fermented organic fertilizer include: mixing cow dung, rice straw, guava leaves and bentonite to obtain a mixture; adding sodium selenate and a fermentation agent to the mixture, adjusting the water content to 50-60wt%, and then stacking and fermenting to obtain the fermented organic fertilizer.

[0008] Selenium can improve the degradation efficiency and humification of organic matter in compost, regulate enzyme activity in various plant physiological processes, and promote the synthesis and secretion of plant growth hormones. Bentonite can optimize the internal environment of the compost, promote carbon-nitrogen cycles, and promote the decomposition of organic matter. Furthermore, bentonite can improve soil structure. The fermented organic fertilizer obtained by adding sodium selenate and bentonite not only more thoroughly degrades organic matter and is more conducive to guava absorption and utilization, but also improves the guava's living environment through the addition of bentonite and promotes growth through the addition of selenium, thereby effectively increasing guava yield and the sugar and vitamin C content in the fruit.

[0009] In addition, the present invention uses cow dung, rice straw, and guava leaves as fermentation raw materials, which can provide more comprehensive nutrients for the growth and development of guava. In particular, the guava leaves are rich in organic matter and minerals, and the nutrients contained are consistent with the growth requirements of guava, which is conducive to the nutritional balance and healthy growth of guava.

[0010] Furthermore, the fermentation bacteria include yeast and Bacillus cereus.

[0011] Yeast can quickly decompose organic matter such as sugars and cellulose, produce acids (such as acetic acid and citric acid) to lower the pH value and inhibit the reproduction of putrefactive bacteria; Bacillus cereus can continuously decompose difficult-to-degrade substances such as lignin and protein; the two work together to effectively increase the degree of fermentation and improve the quality of fermented organic fertilizer, making it more conducive to absorption and utilization by guava.

[0012] Furthermore, the mass ratio (based on dry matter) of the cow dung, rice straw, guava leaves and bentonite is 8-10:2-3:2-3:1-2.

[0013] Furthermore, the amount of sodium selenate added to the mixture is 2-4 mg / kg (wherein the mass of the mixture is calculated on a dry matter basis).

[0014] Furthermore, the yeast is added to the mixture in an amount of 2-4 mg / kg (wherein the mass of the mixture is calculated on a dry matter basis).

[0015] Furthermore, the amount of Bacillus cereus added to the mixture is 2-4 mg / kg (wherein the mass of the mixture is calculated on a dry matter basis).

[0016] Furthermore, the stacking fermentation includes: first fermenting at 35-40°C for 7-9 days, and then fermenting at 45-50°C for 8-10 days.

[0017] Furthermore, the preparation steps of the oat extract include: crushing oats, adding ethanol solution and ultrasonically extracting for 2-3 hours, filtering after the ultrasonic extraction, and concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain the oat extract.

[0018] Oat extract is rich in melatonin, which can increase guava yield and the content of sugar and VC in the fruit.

[0019] Furthermore, the concentration of the ethanol solution is 30-50 vol%, the mass volume ratio of the oats to the ethanol solution is 1 g:5-7 mL; and the power of the ultrasonic extraction is 300-400 W.

[0020] Furthermore, the preparation steps of the amino acid chelate salt include: dissolving glutamic acid, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax and ammonium molybdate in water, adjusting the pH to 6-7, heating the reaction for 8-10 hours, then standing, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the amino acid chelate salt.

[0021] The synergistic effect of the trace element combination of calcium, magnesium, zinc, boron, and molybdenum can effectively increase guava yield and the sugar and vitamin C content of the fruit. Specifically, boron promotes calcium transport across the membrane, while calcium enhances boron's regulation of phloem sugar transport, forming a "sugar accumulation-cell wall reinforcement" cycle. Magnesium and zinc work synergistically to effectively promote photosynthesis and increase the accumulation of organic matter within the fruit. Boron promotes sugar transport, while molybdenum enhances nitrogen metabolism and promotes vitamin C synthase activity. The synergistic effect of the two effectively improves the distribution of photosynthetic assimilates to the fruit, increasing the sugar and vitamin C content of the fruit.

[0022] In addition, the trace elements in this invention are chelated with glutamic acid, an important intermediate in nitrogen metabolism in plants. Glutamic acid promotes sugar synthesis by regulating glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Glutamic acid also promotes vitamin C synthesis, increasing vitamin C content in fruits.

[0023] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax and ammonium molybdate is 5-8:5-8:2-3:2-3:1-2; and the mass ratio of the sum of the mass of the calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax and ammonium molybdate to the mass of the glutamic acid is 1:8-10.

[0024] Furthermore, the ratio of the sum of the masses of the glutamic acid, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax and ammonium molybdate to the mass of water is 1 g:10-12 mL.

[0025] Furthermore, the temperature of the heating reaction is 60-70°C.

[0026] Furthermore, the composite microbial agent includes Streptomyces, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Rhizocystis radicifolia.

[0027] Streptomyces can produce plant hormones such as cytokinins, and Pseudomonas fluorescens can produce plant hormones such as gibberellins and indoleacetic acid, which can effectively promote the growth and development of guava; Streptomyces and Pseudomonas fluorescens can also secrete substances that inhibit pathogens, effectively inhibiting the growth of pathogens and improving the stress resistance of guava; the extraradical hyphae of Rhizosporium endoradici have strong penetration ability and absorption effect, which can help guava absorb nutrients, and also play an important role in improving the stress resistance of guava, improving soil structure, and microbial community structure; the synergistic effect of the three microorganisms can effectively increase the yield of guava and the content of sugar and VC in the fruit.

[0028] Furthermore, the mass ratio of Streptomyces, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Rhizocystis endoradici is 1-3:1-3:3-5.

[0029] Furthermore, the preparation method of the durian shell biochar includes: drying and crushing the durian shell to obtain durian shell powder; and carbonizing the durian shell powder to obtain the durian shell biochar.

[0030] Durian shell biochar is porous, highly adsorbent, and has excellent water-holding properties. It can serve as the primary carrier for complex bacterial inoculants, providing a suitable environment for the survival and release of microorganisms, which is conducive to their growth and reproduction. Furthermore, the inherently porous nature of durian shell biochar can improve soil structure.

[0031] Furthermore, the carbonization temperature is 600-650° C., and the time is 1-3 hours.

[0032] The second technical solution of the present invention: The preparation method of the above-mentioned guava-specific organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing the durian shell biochar, trehalose and composite microbial agent to obtain a microbial carrier complex; mixing the microbial carrier complex with the fermented organic fertilizer, amino acid chelate and oat extract to obtain the guava-specific organic fertilizer.

[0033] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0034] The present invention provides a guava-specific organic fertilizer, comprising 60-70 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of durian shell biochar, 3-5 parts of amino acid chelate, 1-3 parts of oat extract, 1-3 parts of trehalose, and 0.3-0.5 parts of a composite microbial agent. These components work synergistically to effectively increase guava yield and enhance the soluble sugar and vitamin C content of the fruit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] It should be understood that the terms described herein are intended only to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for numerical ranges herein, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the scope.

[0037] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the contents of this specification shall prevail.

[0038] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description of the invention. The description and examples are intended to be exemplary only.

[0039] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0040] It should be pointed out that the matters not described in detail in the present invention are conventional operating means in this field and are not the focus of the present invention.

[0041] Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a plant of the genus Psidium in the Myrtaceae family. Commonly known as guava, guava, or guava fruit, its fruit is a sweet, crisp, and delicious berry, making it a favorite among consumers. Guavas bloom and bear fruit year-round, providing a seasonal supply of fresh fruit. Guava fruit can be processed into guava juice, dried fruit, canned fruit, jam, and jelly. Guava leaves can be made into tea, and aromatic oils from the leaves and bark are used to extract essential oils, a key raw material for the light chemical industry. Guava branches are tough and finely textured, making them suitable for furniture and wood carvings. Guava trees have a well-developed root system, resulting in lush, graceful branches and leaves, and perennial greenery, making them suitable for gardening and streetscapes. Guava seed oil is used as cooking oil, and guava pollen, containing a variety of nutrients such as protein, calcium, iron, and zinc, can be processed into pollen capsules, beverages, and oral solutions. It can be seen that the whole guava is a treasure and has important economic value.

[0042] Guava grows in tropical and subtropical regions with favorable hydrothermal conditions. Orchard soils experience intense weathering and leaching, resulting in severe nutrient loss and low fertilizer utilization. In particular, soil organic matter decomposes rapidly, and the content of medium and trace elements is low. These factors can limit guava growth and development, leading to low yields, poor quality, or even inferior guava. Furthermore, guava can be harvested multiple times a year, and frequent pruning removes relatively high amounts of nutrients. Farmers generally apply a single, high-concentration, balanced compound fertilizer (15-15-15 or 16-16-16), failing to adjust nutrient ratios based on the growth characteristics and nutritional needs of the guava plants. Furthermore, most farmers neglect to supplement with organic fertilizers and medium and trace element fertilizers, resulting in deteriorated physical and chemical properties and nutrient imbalance in guava orchard soils. This hinders the stable and high yields of the trees and limits the commercial quality of the fruit.

[0043] Organic fertilizer is a naturally derived farmyard manure rich in biomass, animal and plant debris, feces, and waste, providing crops with rich and balanced nutrition. In organic fertilizer, various organic substances are decomposed and transformed to release a large number of nutrients. Compared with traditional chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers offer a more comprehensive nutritional profile, not only meeting the basic needs of crop growth but also providing numerous trace elements and beneficial microorganisms, helping crops better adapt to the environment and resist pests and diseases. The abundance of beneficial substances and nutrients in organic fertilizers can effectively prevent soil acidification, increase soil nutrient content, and provide comprehensive nutrients for crop growth and long-term fertilizer efficiency.

[0044] Medium and trace element fertilizers are fertilizers containing medium elements (calcium, magnesium, and sulfur) and trace elements (iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum, and chlorine) necessary for plant growth. Although plants require these elements in much lower quantities than macronutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, they are crucial for normal crop metabolism, stress resistance, and high yields and quality. Medium and trace element fertilizers are considered essential nutrients for crop health. Although used in small quantities, they can increase yields and improve quality by balancing nutrition, activating metabolism, and enhancing resistance.

[0045] In addition to organic fertilizers and medium- and trace element fertilizers, microbial agents are also an alternative way to improve crop yield and quality. Microbial agents are rich in beneficial soil microorganisms, which are important components of the soil ecosystem. They play a key role in improving soil structure, regulating soil nutrient balance, influencing crop production, and maintaining soil ecological balance. Microorganisms are also considered to be the most promising biosensitive indicators, capable of quickly reflecting changes in soil quality.

[0046] If we can combine the advantages of organic fertilizers, medium and trace element fertilizers and microbial agents to develop a guava-specific organic fertilizer that can effectively improve guava yield and quality, it will have a very broad application prospect.

[0047] The raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples, including various bacterial agents, are all common commercial products. Among them, the effective viable bacteria count of yeast is 2×10 9 CFU / g; the effective viable bacteria count of Bacillus cereus is 2×10 9 CFU / g; the effective viable count of Pseudomonas fluorescens is 1×10 9 CFU / g; the effective viable bacteria count of Streptomyces is 2×10 9 CFU / g; the effective living spore content of Rhizospora endothelialum is 50 / g.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] The invention discloses a special organic fertilizer for guava, which comprises the following raw materials, calculated by weight: 60 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 5 parts of durian shell biochar, 3 parts of amino acid chelate salt, 1 part of oat extract, 1 part of trehalose and 0.3 part of composite microbial agent.

[0050] The preparation steps are: mixing durian shell biochar, trehalose and a composite microbial agent, stirring evenly to obtain a microbial carrier complex; mixing the microbial carrier complex with fermented organic fertilizer, amino acid chelate salt and oat extract, stirring evenly to obtain a guava-specific organic fertilizer.

[0051] Wherein, the preparation step of fermentation organic fertilizer is: cow dung, rice straw, guava leaf and bentonite are mixed with the mass ratio of 8:2:2:1 (in the dry matter of each raw material, namely the mass after removing moisture), stirring, and obtaining mixture; sodium selenate, yeast and bacillus cereus are added in the mixture (the addition of sodium selenate in the mixture is 2mg / kg, the addition of yeast in the mixture is 2mg / kg, and the addition of bacillus cereus in the mixture is 2mg / kg, and the quality of the mixture is in dry matter), regulating water content is 50wt%, and then stacking fermentation (first at 35-40 ℃ of lower fermentation for 7 days, then at 45-50 ℃ of lower fermentation for 8 days) to obtain fermentation organic fertilizer;

[0052] The preparation steps of durian shell biochar are as follows: drying the durian shell and grinding it through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain durian shell powder; carbonizing the durian shell powder at 600°C for 1 hour, and grinding the carbonized product through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain durian shell biochar;

[0053] The amino acid chelate salt is prepared by dissolving 120 g of glutamic acid, 5 g of calcium chloride, 5 g of magnesium sulfate, 2 g of zinc sulfate, 2 g of borax, and 1 g of ammonium molybdate in 1350 mL of water, adjusting the pH to 6, heating and stirring at 60° C. for 8 h, then standing for 24 h, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the amino acid chelate salt.

[0054] The oat extract was prepared by grinding sun-dried oats until they could pass through a 60-mesh sieve, adding a 30 vol% ethanol solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:5 mL, and ultrasonically extracting for 2 h at an ultrasonic power of 300 W. After the ultrasonic extraction, the oat extract was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated and dried to obtain the oat extract.

[0055] The composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing Streptomyces, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Rhizocystis endoradici in a mass ratio of 1:1:3.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] The invention discloses a special organic fertilizer for guava, which comprises the following raw materials, calculated by weight: 65 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 6 parts of durian shell biochar, 4 parts of amino acid chelate salt, 2 parts of oat extract, 2 parts of trehalose and 0.4 parts of composite microbial agent.

[0058] The preparation steps are: mixing durian shell biochar, trehalose and a composite microbial agent, stirring evenly to obtain a microbial carrier complex; mixing the microbial carrier complex with fermented organic fertilizer, amino acid chelate salt and oat extract, stirring evenly to obtain a guava-specific organic fertilizer.

[0059] Wherein, the preparation step of fermentation organic fertilizer is: cow dung, rice straw, guava leaf and bentonite are mixed with the mass ratio of 9:2:3:1 (in the dry matter of each raw material, namely the mass after removing moisture), stirring, and obtaining mixture; sodium selenate, yeast and bacillus cereus are added in the mixture (the addition of sodium selenate in the mixture is 3mg / kg, the addition of yeast in the mixture is 3mg / kg, and the addition of bacillus cereus in the mixture is 3mg / kg, and the quality of the mixture is in dry matter), regulating water content is 55wt%, and then stacking fermentation (first at 35-40 ℃ of lower fermentation for 8 days, then at 45-50 ℃ of lower fermentation for 9 days) to obtain fermentation organic fertilizer;

[0060] The preparation steps of durian shell biochar are as follows: drying the durian shell and grinding it through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain durian shell powder; carbonizing the durian shell powder at 620°C for 2 hours, and grinding the carbonized product through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain durian shell biochar;

[0061] The amino acid chelate salt is prepared by dissolving 180 g of glutamic acid, 7 g of calcium chloride, 6 g of magnesium sulfate, 2 g of zinc sulfate, 3 g of borax, and 2 g of ammonium molybdate in 2200 mL of water, adjusting the pH to 6.5, heating and stirring at 65° C. for 9 h, then standing for 24 h, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the amino acid chelate salt.

[0062] The oat extract was prepared by grinding sun-dried oats until they could pass through a 60-mesh sieve, adding a 40 vol% ethanol solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:6 mL, and ultrasonically extracting for 2.5 hours at an ultrasonic power of 350 W. After the ultrasonic extraction, the oat extract was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated and dried to obtain the oat extract.

[0063] The composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing Streptomyces, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Rhizocystis endoradici in a mass ratio of 1:2:4.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] The invention discloses a special organic fertilizer for guava, which comprises the following raw materials, calculated by weight: 70 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 8 parts of durian shell biochar, 5 parts of amino acid chelate salt, 3 parts of oat extract, 3 parts of trehalose and 0.5 parts of composite microbial agent.

[0066] The preparation steps are: mixing durian shell biochar, trehalose and a composite microbial agent, stirring evenly to obtain a microbial carrier complex; mixing the microbial carrier complex with fermented organic fertilizer, amino acid chelate salt and oat extract, stirring evenly to obtain a guava-specific organic fertilizer.

[0067] Wherein, the preparation step of fermentation organic fertilizer is: cow dung, rice straw, guava leaf and bentonite are mixed with the mass ratio of 10:3:3:2 (in the dry matter of each raw material, namely the mass after removing moisture), stir, and obtain mixture; In the mixture, sodium selenate, yeast and bacillus cereus (the addition of sodium selenate in the mixture is 4mg / kg, the addition of yeast in the mixture is 4mg / kg, the addition of bacillus cereus in the mixture is 4mg / kg, and the quality of mixture is in dry matter), regulating water content is 60wt%, then stacking fermentation (first at 35-40 ℃ of lower fermentation for 9 days, then at 45-50 ℃ of lower fermentation for 10 days), obtain fermentation organic fertilizer;

[0068] The preparation steps of durian shell biochar are as follows: drying the durian shell and grinding it through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain durian shell powder; carbonizing the durian shell powder at 650°C for 3 hours, and grinding the carbonized product through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain durian shell biochar;

[0069] The amino acid chelate salt is prepared by dissolving 240 g of glutamic acid, 8 g of calcium chloride, 8 g of magnesium sulfate, 3 g of zinc sulfate, 3 g of borax, and 2 g of ammonium molybdate in 3000 mL of water, adjusting the pH to 7, heating and stirring at 70° C. for 10 h, then standing for 24 h, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the amino acid chelate salt.

[0070] The oat extract is prepared by grinding sun-dried oats until they can pass through a 60-mesh sieve, adding a 50 vol% ethanol solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:7 mL, and ultrasonically extracting for 3 hours at an ultrasonic power of 400 W. After the ultrasonic extraction, the oat extract is filtered, and the filtrate is concentrated and dried to obtain the oat extract.

[0071] The composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing Streptomyces, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Rhizocystis endoradici in a mass ratio of 3:3:5.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] With Example 1, difference only is, the preparation step of fermentation organic fertilizer is: cow dung, rice straw and bentonite are mixed with the mass ratio of 8:4:1 (in the dry matter of each raw material, namely the mass after planing out moisture), stir, and obtain mixture; In the mixture, sodium selenate, yeast and bacillus cereus (the addition of sodium selenate in the mixture is 2mg / kg, the addition of yeast in the mixture is 2mg / kg, the addition of bacillus cereus in the mixture is 2mg / kg, and the quality of mixture is in dry matter), regulating water content is 50wt%, and then stacking fermentation (first at 35-40 ℃ of lower fermentation 7 days, then at 45-50 ℃ of lower fermentation 8 days) to obtain fermentation organic fertilizer.

[0074] Comparative Example 2

[0075] The same as in Example 1, except that, the preparation step of the fermented organic fertilizer is: cow dung, rice straw and guava leaf are mixed with a mass ratio of 4:1:1 (in terms of the dry matter of each raw material, namely, the mass after removing the moisture), and stirring is performed to obtain a mixture; sodium selenate, yeast and bacillus cereus are added to the mixture (the addition of sodium selenate in the mixture is 2 mg / kg, the addition of yeast in the mixture is 2 mg / kg, and the addition of bacillus cereus in the mixture is 2 mg / kg, and the mass of the mixture is based on dry matter), regulating the water content to 50 wt%, and then stacking and fermenting (first at 35-40 ℃ of lower fermentation for 7 days, then at 45-50 ℃ of lower fermentation for 8 days) to obtain the fermented organic fertilizer.

[0076] Comparative Example 3

[0077] With Example 1, difference is only that, the preparation step of the fermented organic fertilizer is: cow dung, rice straw, guava leaf and bentonite are mixed with a mass ratio of 8:2:2:1 (in the dry matter of each raw material, namely the mass after removing the moisture), stir, and obtain a mixture; in the mixture, sodium selenate and bacillus cereus (the addition of sodium selenate in the mixture is 2mg / kg, and the addition of bacillus cereus in the mixture is 4mg / kg, and the quality of the mixture is in dry matter), regulating water content is 50wt%, and then stacking fermentation (first at 35-40 ℃ of lower fermentation for 7 days, then at 45-50 ℃ of lower fermentation for 8 days) to obtain the fermented organic fertilizer.

[0078] Comparative Example 4

[0079] With Example 1, difference is only that, cow dung, rice straw, guava leaf and bentonite are mixed with the mass ratio of 8:2:2:1 (in the dry matter of each raw material, namely the mass after removing moisture), stir, and obtain mixture; Yeast and bacillus cereus (the addition of yeast in the mixture is 2mg / kg, and the addition of bacillus cereus in the mixture is 2mg / kg, and the quality of mixture is in dry matter) are added in the mixture, regulating water content is 50wt%, then stacking fermentation (first at 35-40 ℃ of lower fermentation 7 days, then at 45-50 ℃ of lower fermentation 8 days), obtain fermented organic fertilizer.

[0080] Comparative Example 5

[0081] The same as Example 1, except that the durian shell biochar is replaced with peanut shell biochar. The preparation steps of the peanut shell biochar are as follows: drying the peanut shells and crushing them through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain peanut shell powder; carbonizing the peanut shell powder at 600°C for 1 hour, grinding the carbonized product through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain peanut shell biochar.

[0082] Comparative Example 6

[0083] The same as Example 1, except that the preparation steps of the amino acid chelate salt are as follows: 120 g of glutamic acid, 5 g of calcium chloride, 5 g of magnesium sulfate, 4 g of zinc sulfate and 1 g of ammonium molybdate are dissolved in 1350 mL of water, the pH is adjusted to 6, and the mixture is heated and stirred at 60°C for 8 h, then allowed to stand for 24 h, centrifuged, and dried to obtain the amino acid chelate salt.

[0084] Comparative Example 7

[0085] The same as Example 1, except that the preparation steps of the amino acid chelate are as follows: 120 g of glutamic acid, 5 g of calcium chloride, 5 g of magnesium sulfate, 4 g of borax and 1 g of ammonium molybdate are dissolved in 1350 mL of water, the pH is adjusted to 6, and the mixture is heated and stirred at 60°C for 8 h, then allowed to stand for 24 h, centrifuged, and dried to obtain the amino acid chelate.

[0086] Comparative Example 8

[0087] The same as Example 1, except that the preparation steps of the oat extract are as follows: the sun-dried oats are crushed until they can pass through a 60-mesh sieve, a 10 vol% ethanol solution is added at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:5 mL, and ultrasonic extraction is performed for 2 h at an ultrasonic power of 300 W. After the ultrasonic extraction, the oat extract is filtered, and the filtrate is concentrated and dried to obtain the oat extract.

[0088] Comparative Example 9

[0089] The same as Example 1, except that the composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing Streptomyces and Rhizocystis radici in a mass ratio of 2:3.

[0090] Comparative Example 10

[0091] The same as Example 1, except that the composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing Pseudomonas fluorescens and Rhizocystis endoradici in a mass ratio of 2:3.

[0092] Test Case

[0093] A 4-year-old ‘Pearl’ guava orchard in Guangdong was selected as the experimental field (the planting row spacing was about 4×3m), and the experimental plots were randomly divided, with each experimental plot having an area of 100m 2 The number of fruit trees in each experimental plot was the same, and the guava-specific organic fertilizers prepared in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples were tested for fertilizer efficiency. The experimental groups used the organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5, respectively, and the control group applied fermented and decomposed cow dung. The specific fertilization method is: before the 'Pearl' guava trees sprout, apply fertilizer once in the furrow, applying 5 kg per plant; after the flowers fall, apply fertilizer once more in the furrow, applying 5 kg per plant; other fertilization, watering, and pesticide management are carried out in accordance with the conventional management methods of the 'Pearl' guava in this area. The yield per mu was calculated after the first fruit matured, and the soluble sugar content (anthrone method) and VC content (2,6-dichloroindophenol titration method) in the fruit were determined. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0094] Table 1

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] As can be seen from Table 1, the use of the guava-specific organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention in growing pearl guava can significantly increase guava yield and improve economic benefits. It can also significantly increase the soluble sugar and vitamin C content in guava fruit, resulting in guava with high nutritional value, sweet and sour taste, and excellent quality.

[0098] In addition, the comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-10 can prove the synergistic effect of the components in the raw materials, that is, if any raw material component changes, the yield of guava and the content of soluble sugar and VC in the fruit will be reduced.

[0099] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special organic fertilizer for guava, characterized in that, Calculated by mass, the raw materials include: 60-70 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of durian shell biochar, 3-5 parts of amino acid chelate salt, 1-3 parts of oat extract, 1-3 parts of trehalose and 0.3-0.5 parts of compound microbial agent.

2. The guava-specific organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The preparation steps of the fermented organic fertilizer include: mixing cow dung, rice straw, guava leaves and bentonite to obtain a mixture; adding sodium selenate and fermentation agent to the mixture, adjusting the water content to 50-60wt%, and then stacking and fermenting to obtain the fermented organic fertilizer.

3. The guava-specific organic fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein The fermentation bacteria include yeast and Bacillus cereus.

4. The guava-specific organic fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein The mass ratio of the cow dung, rice straw, guava leaves and bentonite is 8-10:2-3:2-3:1-2; and / or, the sodium selenate is added to the mixture in an amount of 2-4 mg / kg; and / or, the yeast is added to the mixture in an amount of 2-4 mg / kg; and / or, the amount of Bacillus cereus added to the mixture is 2-4 mg / kg; And / or, the stacking fermentation includes: first fermenting at 35-40°C for 7-9 days, and then fermenting at 45-50°C for 8-10 days.

5. The guava-specific organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The preparation steps of the oat extract include: crushing oats, adding ethanol solution to ultrasonically extract for 2-3 hours, filtering after the ultrasonic extraction, and concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain the oat extract.

6. The guava-specific organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The preparation steps of the amino acid chelate salt include: dissolving glutamic acid, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax and ammonium molybdate in water, adjusting the pH to 6-7, heating and reacting for 8-10 hours, then standing, centrifuging and drying to obtain the amino acid chelate salt.

7. The guava-specific organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The composite microbial agent comprises Streptomyces, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Rhizocystis endoradici.

8. The guava-specific organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the durian shell biochar comprises: drying and crushing the durian shell to obtain durian shell powder; and carbonizing the durian shell powder to obtain the durian shell biochar.

9. The guava-specific organic fertilizer according to claim 8, wherein The carbonization temperature is 600-650° C., and the time is 1-3 hours.

10. The method for preparing the guava-specific organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The following steps are involved: The durian shell biochar, trehalose and composite microbial agent are mixed to obtain a microbial carrier complex; the microbial carrier complex is mixed with the fermented organic fertilizer, amino acid chelate and oat extract to obtain the guava-specific organic fertilizer.

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